NL2037005A - Rockfall Prevention Structure at Joint of Bridge and Portal of End-wall Tunnel and Construction Method Thereof - Google Patents
Rockfall Prevention Structure at Joint of Bridge and Portal of End-wall Tunnel and Construction Method Thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL2037005A NL2037005A NL2037005A NL2037005A NL2037005A NL 2037005 A NL2037005 A NL 2037005A NL 2037005 A NL2037005 A NL 2037005A NL 2037005 A NL2037005 A NL 2037005A NL 2037005 A NL2037005 A NL 2037005A
- Authority
- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- tunnel
- wall
- portal
- bridge
- open
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
- E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
- E01F7/045—Devices specially adapted for protecting against falling rocks, e.g. galleries, nets, rock traps
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a rockfall prevention structure forthe joint part of a bridge and an end-wall tunnel portal. The open tunnel structure of the end-wall tunnel portal is connected with the abutment of the bridge, and vertical open tunnel retaining walls are respectively arranged on both sides of the portal wall of the open tunnel structure at the back of the open tunnel, one end of the open tunnel retaining wall is connected to a steep cliff, and the other end is connected to the portal wall. A concrete layer with thickness of 5 — 7 m, an earth-rock layer and a gravel buffer layer with a thickness of 50 - 70 cm are sequentially backfilled between two open tunnel retaining walls and open tunnel and between two open tunnel retaining walls from bottom to top. Earth-rock layer backfilled to 1.6 - 1.8 m above the top of open tunnel. The open tunnel retaining wall is embedded with a drainage pipe, the guardrail of the bridge is connected with the portal wall, and a flexible tunnel shed with a length of 25 — 33 m is erected above the gap between the two guardrails at the end of the portal wall and the portal wall, and one end of the flexible tunnel shed is connected to the portal wall, and the two sides are respectively connected to the two guardrails. The rockfall prevention structure reduces the requirements for foundation and site conditions, reduces the construction difficulty and saves the construction cost. The invention also discloses a construction method of rockfall prevention structure for the joint part of a bridge and an end-wall tunnel portal.
Description
Rockfall Prevention Structure at Joint of Bridge and Portal of End-wall Tunnel and
Construction Method Thereof
The invention relate to a rockfall prevention design for the joint part of a bridge and a tunnel under the condition of steep wall, in particular to a rockfall prevention structure for the joint part of a bridge and an end-wall tunnel portal, and also relates to a construction method for the rockfall prevention structure at the joint of the bridge and the portal of the end-wall tunnel.
Limited by the route direction, it often happens that highway engineering adopts the bridge- tunnel connection scheme to cross the terrain of deep "V"-shaped steep canyon. Under the condition of deep and steep cliffs, there are usually a large number of rockfall dangerous rocks above the joint of bridge and tunnel. At this time, it is necessary to design the open tunnel foundation, portal structure, bridge structure, bridge foundation, slope active and passive net and even shed tunnel structure separately. If it is not handled properly, it may cause great security risks to construction safety and later operation. In view of the deep V-shaped steep canyon, the dangerous rock mass at the joint of bridge and tunnel is usually treated by extending the open tunnel, extending the bridge into the tunnel structure, setting up the shed structure, clearing the rockfall on the slope and setting up the active and passive net. The scheme of extending the open tunnel can effectively improve the safety of the portal structure, but under the condition of steep cliff, the implementation of the scheme is limited. Using bridge structure to extend into tunnel structure can improve the safety of bridge-tunnel joint, but expanding tunnel lining structure is expensive and difficult to construct, and abutment structure needs special design, so it is not recommended unless absolutely necessary. Setting tunnel shed structure at the joint of bridge and tunnel can effectively improve the safety, but the construction of tunnel shed structure foundation is difficult under the condition of steep cliff, so it needs to be optimized. Under the condition of steep cliff, it is also difficult to deal with the dangerous rock mass falling on the slope. The usual practice is to remove some loose dangerous rock mass by manual drilling and blasting, and then set up an active protective net on the slope.
In view of this, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a rockfall prevention structure at the joint of the bridge and the portal of the end-wall tunnel, and to solve the technical problems of limited implementation, high cost, difficult construction and special design of the existing dangerous rock mass treatment at the joint of a bridge and the portal of the end-wall tunnel, and another purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction method of the rockfall prevention structure at the joint of a bridge and the portal of the end-wall tunnel.
One of the purposes of the invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a rockfall prevention structure at the joint of the bridge and the portal of the end-wall tunnel, the open tunnel structure of end-wall tunnel portal is connected with the abutment of bridge, and vertical open tunnel retaining walls are respectively arranged on both sides of the portal wall of the open tunnel structure at the back of the open tunnel, and one end of the open tunnel retaining walls is connected to the steep cliff and the other end is connected to portal wall, a concrete layer with a thickness of 5 — 7 m, an earth-rock layer and a gravel buffer layer with a thickness of 50 — 70 cm are sequentially backfilled between two open tunnel retaining walls and open tunnel and between two open tunnel retaining walls from bottom to top; the earth-rock layer is backfilled to 1.6 - 1.8 m above the top of the open tunnel; the open tunnel retaining wall is embedded with a drainage pipe, the guardrail of the bridge is connected with the portal wall, a flexible tunnel shed with a length of 25 — 33 m is erected above between the two guardrails at the end of the portal wall and portal wall, and one end of the flexible tunnel shed is connected to the portal wall, and the two sides are respectively connected to the two guardrails.
Further, the portal wall is 2m thick, and its top is 2.3 m higher than the gravel buffer layer.
Further, the flexible tunnel shed comprises a skeleton and a flexible net covering the skeleton.
Further, the skeleton is formed by connecting a plurality of circumferential bars located in the transverse direction of the highway and a plurality of longitudinal bars located in the longitudinal direction of the highway, two ends of the circumferential bars are respectively connected to two guardrails, and one end of the longitudinal bars is connected to the portal wall.
Further, the guardrail is a reinforced concrete guardrail, a flange is embedded in the reinforced concrete guardrail, and the circumferential bar is connected with the reinforced concrete guardrail through the flange.
Further, a flange is embedded in the portal wall, and the longitudinal bars are connected to the portal wall through the flange.
Further, the side of the open tunnel retaining wall facing away from the open tunnel is flush with the portal wall.
One of the purposes of the invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a construction method of the rockfall prevention structure at the joint between the bridge and the portal of the end-wall tunnel includes the following steps: step 1: the open tunnel structure of the end-wall tunnel portal is constructed to be connected with the abutment of the bridge; step 2: after the construction of the open tunnel structure is completed, open tunnel retaining walls are constructed on both sides of the open tunnel structure, one end of the open tunnel retaining wall is connected to a steep cliff, and a drainage pipe is embedded on the open tunnel retaining wall during construction; step 3: after the construction of the open tunnel retaining wall is completed, a portal wall with a thickness of 2 m and a height of 9.4 - 11.8 m is constructed, and the portal wall is connected with the open tunnel retaining wall, and a flange is embedded on the portal wall during construction; step 4: after the portal wall is completed, the concrete layer with a thickness of 5 — 7 m, the earth-rock layer and the gravel buffer layer with a thickness of 50 — 70 cm are backfilled sequentially between two open tunnel retaining walls and open tunnel and between two open tunnel retaining walls from bottom to top, and the earth-rock layer is backfilled to 1.6 - 1.8 m above the top of the open tunnel, step 5: when the reinforced concrete guardrail of the bridge is constructed, the reinforced concrete guardrail is connected with the portal wall and a flange plate is embedded on the reinforced concrete guardrail; step 6: the flexible tunnel shed is constructed so that its circumferential bars are connected with the reinforced concrete guardrail through the flange, and the longitudinal bar are connected with the portal wall through the flange.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the rockfall prevention structure at the joint of the bridge and the portal of the end-wall tunnel has the following beneficial effects: (1) The open tunnel is extended to connect with the abutment of the bridge, vertical open tunnel retaining walls are respectively arranged on both sides of the open tunnel at the back of the portal wall, and the two ends of the open tunnel retaining wall are respectively connected with the steep cliff and portal wall. The concrete layer, earth-rock layer and gravel buffer layer are sequentially backfilled between the two open tunnel retaining walls and open tunnel and between the two open tunnel retaining walls from bottom to top, and the portal wall is also heightened and thickened, so that the large dangerous rock mass above the bridge-tunnel joint part falls on the gravel buffer layer, which buffers the large dangerous rock mass, avoids the damage risk of large dangerous rock mass to tunnel structure and bridge structure, and improves the impact resistance of tunnel structure at the joint of bridge and tunnel under steep wall conditions. (2) A flexible tunnel shed is arranged on the bridge guardrail connected with the tunnel portal wall as a protective facility of the bridge structure, which avoids setting a special foundation structure for the tunnel shed structure under the condition of steep cliffs, reduces the construction difficulty and saves the cost; the flexible tunnel shed structure is relatively light, which can be effectively combined with the bridge, reducing the requirements for foundation and site conditions; under the condition that the structure of the open tunnel at the tunnel portal is lengthened, the rolling displacement of the large dangerous rock mass above the bridge-tunnel joint cannot reach the position of the flexible tunnel shed, and the flexible tunnel shed located on the bridge guardrail only needs to protect small flying stones, so the reliability and safety of the flexible tunnel shed are guaranteed. (3) The rockfall prevention structure is not only economical and reasonable, but also improves the safety of the bridge-tunnel joint.
The construction method of the rockfall prevention structure at the joint of the bridge and the portal of the end wall tunnel is simple and convenient to construct and easy to realize.
Other advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be set forth in the following description to some extent, and in part will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following study, or may be learned from the practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the following description and claims.
In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail with the attached drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is aright sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the rear part of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a front view of the connection of the flexible tunnel shed in Fig. 1 to the reinforced concrete guardrail.
In the drawing: open tunnel structure 1, open tunnel retaining wall 2, portal wall 3, gravel buffer layer 4, bridge 8, reinforced concrete guardrail 7, flexible net 8, skeleton 9 and flexible tunnel shed tunnel 10.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the invention.
With reference to figures 1 - 5, a rockfall prevention structure at the joint of the bridge and the portal of the end-wall tunnel is provided, the open tunnel structure 1 of end-wall tunnel portal is connected with the abutment of bridge 6, and vertical open tunnel retaining walls 2 are respectively arranged on both sides of the portal wall 3 of the open tunnel structure 1 at the back of the open tunnel, and one end of the open tunnel retaining walls 2 is connected to the steep cliff and the other end is connected to portal wall 3, a concrete layer 41 with a thickness of
5 — 7 m, an earth-rock layer 42 and a gravel buffer layer 4 with a thickness of 50 — 70 cm are sequentially backfilled between two open tunnel retaining walls 2 and open tunnel and between two open tunnel retaining walls 2 from bottom to top; the earth-rock layer 42 is backfilled to 1.6- 1.8m above the top of the open tunnel; the open tunnel retaining wall 2 is embedded with a 5 drainage pipe, the guardrail of the bridge 8 is connected with the portal wall 3, a flexible tunnel shed 10 with a length of 25 — 33 m is erected above between the two guardrails at the end of the portal wall 3 and portal wall 3, and one end of the flexible tunnel shed 10 is connected to the portal wall 2, and the two sides are respectively connected to the two guardrails. open tunnel structure 1 is as long as possible under the deep V-shaped steep canyon terrain, but it needs to be located on a stable bedrock. If the foundation can not meet the design requirements, measures such as foundation replacement, foundation grouting reinforcement and pile foundation can be taken to improve the stability of the open tunnel structure foundation. open tunnel retaining walls 2 on both sides of the open tunnel are used to improve the impact resistance of both sides of the open tunnel. The gravel buffer layer 4 on the top of the open tunnel bears the large dangerous rock mass above to improve the impact resistance of falling rocks above the open tunnel. The flexible tunnel shed above the bridge avoids the danger of small flying stones to the traffic on the highway. The drainage pipe on the open tunnel retaining wall 2 drains rainwater from the top of the open tunnel to prevent rainwater from pouring into the open tunnel structure 1.
The thickness of the portal wall 3 is 2m, and its top is 42.3m higher than the gravel buffer layer. The portal wall 3 is a heightening and thickening portal wall, which not only protects the gravel buffer layer 4, but also has strong impact resistance.
Preferably, the flexible tunnel shed 10 comprises a skeleton 9 and a flexible net 8 covering the skeleton 9.
The skeleton 9 is formed by connecting a plurality of circumferential bars located in the transverse direction of the highway and a plurality of longitudinal bars located in the longitudinal direction of the highway, two ends of the circumferential bars are respectively connected to two guardrails, and one end of the longitudinal bars is connected to the portal wall 3. Both the circumferential bar and the longitudinal bar are I-beams.
The guardrail is a reinforced concrete guardrail 7, a flange 11 is embedded in the reinforced concrete guardrail 7, and the circumferential bar is connected with the reinforced concrete guardrail 7 through the flange 11.
A flange 11 is embedded in the portal wall 3, and the longitudinal bars are connected to the portal wall 3 through the flange.
The side of the open tunnel retaining wall 2 facing away from the open tunnel is flush with the portal wall 3.
A construction method of the rockfall prevention structure at the joint between the bridge and the portal of the end-wall tunnel includes the following steps:
1) before the tunnel entrance enters the tunnel, the scaffold is erected by manual punching and charging to remove the loose rockfall dangerous rock mass on the steep cliff; 2) before the open tunnel construction, abutment and abutment pile foundation should be constructed first; 3) according to the geological survey data, the open tunnel is appropriately lengthened, so that the pile number of the open tunnel and the pile number of the abutment tail are stuck, the foundation of the open tunnel is replaced with C15 concrete, and the open tunnel is constructed after the foundation treatment is completed, 4) after the construction of the open tunnel structure 1 is completed, open tunnel retaining walls 2 are constructed on both sides of the open tunnel structure 1, the foundation strength of open tunnel retaining wall 2 should also meet the requirements of open specifications, one end of the open tunnel retaining wall 2 is connected to a steep cliff, and a drainage pipe is embedded on the open tunnel retaining wall 2 during construction; 5) after the construction of the open tunnel retaining wall 2 is completed, a portal wall 3 with a thickness of 2 m and a height of 9.4 - 11.8 m is constructed, and the portal wall 3 is connected with the open tunnel retaining wall 2, and the portal wall 3 has been thickened and heightened, 6) when the portal wall 3 is poured, the flange 11 is embedded to fix the longitudinal I-beam of the flexible tunnel shed 10; 7) after the portal wall 3 is completed, two open tunnel retaining walls 2 on both sides of the open tunnel, with C15 concrete 41 backfilling for 8m above the foundation of the open tunnel, earth-rock backfill 42 backfilling for 6m above the top of the tunnel to 1.7m above the top of the tunnel, and 60 cm gravel buffer layer 4 backfilling above the earth-rock; 8) after the completion of the lower foundation construction of the bridge 6, the upper structure of the bridge is constructed, and the flange 11 is embedded when pouring the reinforced concrete guardrail 7 of the bridge, so as to fix the circumferential I-beam of the flexible tunnel shed 10, and connect it with the portal wall 3 when constructing the reinforced concrete guardrail 7 of the bridge 6; 9) after the completion of the construction of portal wall 3 and bridge reinforced concrete guardrail 7, the 30m flexible tunnel shed 10 will be constructed in time, and the longitudinal and circumferential I-beams of the flexible tunnel shed 10 will be fixed on portal wall 3 and bridge reinforced concrete guardrail 7 respectively with flanges, so that the flexible tunnel shed 10, tunnel portal and bridge structure will form a comprehensive rockfall protection system.
The open tunnel structure 1 of the invention is connected with the abutment of the bridge 6 as long as possible, the gravel buffer layer is backfilled above the open tunnel as a buffer material, and retaining walls are arranged on both sides of the open tunnel. A flexible tunnel shed 10 is arranged on the guardrail of the bridge 6 connected with the tunnel portal wall 3 as a protective facility for the bridge structure. The open tunnel structure, the backfilled gravel buffer layer 4, the portal wall 2 and the bridge deck flexible tunnel shed 10 together serve as the rockfall protection structure at the joint of the bridge and tunnel under the condition of steep cliffs, which ensures the safety and reliability of the tunnel portal and the bridge structure.
Finally, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical scheme of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical scheme, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310202909.4A CN116145719A (en) | 2023-03-06 | 2023-03-06 | Rockfall prevention structure and its construction method at the junction of bridge and end-wall tunnel door |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL2037005A true NL2037005A (en) | 2024-09-18 |
Family
ID=86360035
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2037005A NL2037005A (en) | 2023-03-06 | 2024-02-11 | Rockfall Prevention Structure at Joint of Bridge and Portal of End-wall Tunnel and Construction Method Thereof |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116145719A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL2037005A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119981955A (en) * | 2025-04-15 | 2025-05-13 | 湖南省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司 | A tunnel construction method for steep rock and soil in complex terrain |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117166387A (en) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-12-05 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | Falling stone protection device for suspension bridge |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203867586U (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-10-08 | 西南交通大学 | Connecting structure used for connecting bridge and tunnel |
| CN108952752A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-07 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A kind of combined type highway Tunnel Portal Structures suitable for big bias landform |
| CN110747904A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-04 | 山西省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司 | Highway tunnel bias open cut tunnel structural form and construction method thereof |
| CN111852504A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-30 | 湖南省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司 | A kind of tunnel support structure and its construction method near the mountain |
| CN213898989U (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-08-06 | 中铁上海设计院集团有限公司 | Buffer structure portal suitable for limited conditions of bridge-tunnel connection site |
| CN216920384U (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-07-08 | 中电建十一局工程有限公司 | Highway tunnel entrance to a cave section landslide body side slope protection additional strengthening that collapses |
| CN217354388U (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-02 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | Combined retaining type tunnel portal structure suitable for bias steep slope terrain |
| CN217460213U (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-20 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | Steel truss protective structure suitable for bridge and tunnel connecting part |
| CN217758309U (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-11-08 | 四川路桥盛通建筑工程有限公司 | Bridge and tunnel overlapping and connecting system for gully section |
-
2023
- 2023-03-06 CN CN202310202909.4A patent/CN116145719A/en active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-02-11 NL NL2037005A patent/NL2037005A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119981955A (en) * | 2025-04-15 | 2025-05-13 | 湖南省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司 | A tunnel construction method for steep rock and soil in complex terrain |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116145719A (en) | 2023-05-23 |
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