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NL2035712B1 - Automotive window laminate structure, glass sheet for use in a laminate, and method for producing an automotive window laminate structure - Google Patents

Automotive window laminate structure, glass sheet for use in a laminate, and method for producing an automotive window laminate structure Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2035712B1
NL2035712B1 NL2035712A NL2035712A NL2035712B1 NL 2035712 B1 NL2035712 B1 NL 2035712B1 NL 2035712 A NL2035712 A NL 2035712A NL 2035712 A NL2035712 A NL 2035712A NL 2035712 B1 NL2035712 B1 NL 2035712B1
Authority
NL
Netherlands
Prior art keywords
reflective coating
glass sheet
facing surface
outer glass
laminate structure
Prior art date
Application number
NL2035712A
Other languages
Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Leonardus Marinus Borcherd Driehuis Bartholomeus
Laurens Koolen Timo
Original Assignee
Autoglas D & K B V
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Autoglas D & K B V filed Critical Autoglas D & K B V
Priority to NL2035712A priority Critical patent/NL2035712B1/en
Priority to PCT/NL2024/050469 priority patent/WO2025048637A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of NL2035712B1 publication Critical patent/NL2035712B1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
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    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
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    • B32B17/10183—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer being not continuous, e.g. in edge regions
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is related to an automotive window laminate structure, comprising an inner glass sheet, and an outer glass sheet, said inner glass sheet 5 and outer glass sheet situated parallel and mutually spaced apart, the inner glass sheet and outer glass sheet each comprising an inward facing surface and an outward facing surface, at least one thermoplastic laminated sheet structure, said thermoplastic laminated sheet structure substantially entirely placed between the outward facing surface of the inner glass sheet and the inward facing surface of the 10 outer glass sheet, at least one reflective coating, in particular a heat and/or infrared reflective coating, said reflective coating provided on at least a portion of the inward facing surface of the outer glass sheet, and at least one ceramic band, stretching along at least a portion of the perimeter of the inward facing surface of the outer glass sheet. The invention is also related to a method for producing an automotive 15 window laminate structure.

Description

Automotive window laminate structure, glass sheet for use in a laminate, and method for producing an automotive window laminate structure
The present invention is related to an automotive window laminate structure, the present invention is also related to a glass sheet for use in an automotive window laminate and a method for producing an automotive window laminate structure.
Nowadays, functional layers comprise at least one active film layer like polymer- dispersed liquid-crystal (PDLC), Electro Chrome and other functional films like suspended-particle devices (SPD) are widely used in architectural glasses but are - more exceptionally — also used in the automotive industry. There are several reasons for that but in general, in the automative industry, there is a higher demand in both safety regulations and quality issues. Active or functional layers like SPD,
PDLC or Electro-chrome or Electrophorese films all have in common that they are build up from two opposing thermoplastic layers, at their mutually facing sides provided with a conductive coating, mostly an ITO coated PET, PEN, PC or PMMA layer, in between which two layers the active film layer is provided. All have in common that if an electric current flows from the first conductive layer through the liquid crystals to the second conductive layer, the crystals will be orientated aligned with the electric current causing a change in colour and/or light transmission and/or haze level. If such a layer is incorporated in a laminated glass structure may be called a functional layer. Incorporation is done by means of lamination process which commonly uses bonding layers and a frame layer.
These aforementioned active or functional films, but also more passive like functional films e.g., Photo-Chrome, Thermochromic films, Photopolymer films and
Solar cell films, have in common that they are sensitive to high temperatures. High temperatures may occur when an automotive glass comprising said active or passive film is positioned under direct sunlight. Temperatures of the glass may rise to alevel which may cause irreversible damage to the active and/or passive film.
According to the temperature, the active and/or passive film incorporated in the window laminate may degrade and lose functionalities. Since a lot of automotive transport vehicles are parked outside for most of the time, they are being exposed to sunlight for most of the time. it is known that the UV light may also damage the active and/or passive film. However, these harmful UV rays may be at least partially filtered by one layer of glass, or a bonding layer as such.
Clear glass is known for blocking at least a part of the UVC and UVB spectrum light, but may also filter a portion of the UVA spectrum light. Hence, the UV light as such does not impose the most significant problem to the degradation of the active and/or passive films since the clear layer of glass may provide sufficient protection.
However, although the UV spectrum as such may not be specifically a cause of degradation, it may indirectly contribute to the degradation of the active and/or passive film. A part of the sunlight hitting the window laminate is absorbed by the sheet of glass (or other component) and causes the temperature of the sheet of to increase. The heat that is absorbed in the glass may cause degradation of the active and/or passive film of the automotive window laminate structure as such.
This is because the glass conducts heat towards the functional layer, causing degradation when a temperature threshold is exceeded. The problem as defined above is significantly larger when tinted glass is used. This is due to the fact that tinted glass is darker, and therefore absorbs a larger fraction of the incoming sunlight. This is the reason why in the automotive industries no tinted glass sheets are used in combination with a functional layer.
An automotive window laminated structure is especially prone to heating in the region of the obscuration band of the window laminate. Said obscuration band is mostly located around the perimeter of the window laminate, but also around the rear-view mirror area. Sensors and/or cameras may be located in the region of the obscuration band, where a cut-out may be provided for. Said obscuration band may be at least partially composed of silkscreen- and/or digitally printed ceramic enamel. These regions are in particular prone to heating due to the fact that the obscuration band is most frequently black, or close to black in colour. This region of the window laminate absorbs most of the sun radiation, and may due to absorbed heat reach temperatures of 90 degrees Celsius and above. The heating of the automotive window laminate is a serious issue for laminated automotive window laminates which comprise an active and/or passive film or layer. This is in particular the case if said active and/or passive film/layer stretches until underneath said obscuration band. High temperature gradients may occur due to the significantly higher temperatures in the glass at the region of the obscuration band. But also the high temperature as such may induce damage to the active and/or passive film/layer. High temperatures in e.g. a PDLC laminated stack may cause moisture, plasticisers, and other elements to be able to migrate faster. As a result, a reaction between migrated elements and the Liquid Crystals may occur and cause the
Liquid Crystals to turn into a clear state. This phenomena may occur more frequently near the edge of the window laminate (i.e., the region of the obscuration band) because of the shortest distance between the bonding layer and active and/or passive film/layer. High temperatures accelerates this process.
This may be solved by not incorporating the active and/or passive film/layer underneath the obscuration band. However, it is desired to have the active layer stretch until underneath said obscuration band. For example, electrical connections may as such be hidden from sight, but also due to other aesthetical reasons such as hiding a cut line in the layer, or a protective tape. However, it can also be desired to block the complete light spectrum at parts of the active film/layer where a further improved anti-aging is desired, such as a flexible printed circuit to connect to an ITO or Silver coated layer of an active film/layer, such as; PDLC, SPD, EC. The most sensitive part of the film which is the edge may as such be hidden under the hottest area of an automotive glass. The problems grow even larger when tinted glass is used since tinted glass absorbs, by law of physics, more heat due to its colour.
Another problem which the automotive industry is faced with is that when a reflective coating is applied, such a coating may be incompatible with the black obscuration band. The reflective coating typically causes colour degradation to said obscuration band, meaning that as seen from the outside of the window, the obscuration band is not fully black. That is, the black obscuration band may show greenish tints. This decolouration is rather unpredictable and hence causes an uneven aesthetic appearance of the window laminate. The latter incompatibility may also cause the functional layer to be damaged under certain circumstances.
It is a first goal to provide for an automotive window laminate that is able to withstand a higher infrared or heat load without damaging the active and/or passive film or layer.
it is a second goal of the present invention to provide an automotive window with increased heat reflective properties whilst maintaining a good appearance of the window exterior, in particular to prevent obscuration bands from decolouring. itis a third goal of the present invention to provide an automotive window laminate which allows for use of tinted glass in the automotive window laminate.
The present invention thereto proposes an automotive window laminate structure, comprising: — an inner glass sheet, and an outer glass sheet, said inner glass sheet and outer glass sheet situated parallel and mutually spaced apart, the inner glass sheet and outer glass sheet each comprising an inward facing surface and an outward facing surface, — optionally, at least one thermoplastic laminated sheet structure, said thermoplastic laminated sheet structure substantially entirely placed between the outward facing surface of the inner glass sheet and the inward facing surface of the outer glass sheet, — at least one reflective coating, in particular a heat and/or infrared reflective coating, said reflective coating provided on at least a portion of the outward facing surface of the outer glass sheet, wherein the automotive window laminate structure comprises at least one substantially translucent and/or transparent ceramic layer, said transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer covers the at least one reflective coating, and wherein the automotive window laminate structure comprises at least one ceramic band, stretching along at least a portion of the perimeter of the inward facing surface of the outer glass sheet.
It has surprisingly been found that applying a transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer onto the reflective coating that the known incompatibility does not occur. This may be due to the metallic and/or other additives in the black obscuration bands. Hence, by applying the reflective coating onto the outward facing surface of the outer glass sheet, a contact between an obscuration band and the reflective coating may be substantially entirely circumvented. Hence, the entire incompatibility issue may be resolved by an automotive window laminate according tothe present invention. Moreover, it was found that the automotive window laminate according to the present invention provides even more benefits.
That is, by applying the reflective coating on the outward facing surface of the outer glass sheet, the heat reflective properties of the window laminate may be significantly improved.
This is due to the fact that incoming heat, for example sunlight, is 5 reflected earlier.
That is, according to the prior art it is known to apply the reflective coating onto the inward facing surface of the outer glass sheet.
However, this still causes heat, e.g., of sunlight, to be at least partially absorbed by the outer glass sheet.
In fact, the sunlight travels through the outer glass sheet twice when the reflective coating is provided onto the inward facing surface of the outer glass sheet.
Once when entering the outer glass sheet, and a second time when at least a part of the incoming sunlight is reflected outwardly by the reflective coating on the inward surface of the outer glass sheet.
This problem is present in both clear glass and even more so in tinted glass.
In fact, the problem presented is generally too big when tinted glass is used since this absorbs even more heat compared to clear glass.
Therefore, the use of tinted glass is typically circumvented.
Tinted window laminates are typically achieved by providing a tinted bonding layer, which does not yield the same result.
This may be at least partially, preferably entirely prevented by the present invention.
Especially since the reflective coating is provided onto the outward facing surface of the outer glass sheet.
Incoming sunlight may be reflected substantially entirely before entering the outer glass sheet.
Thus, it may be prevented that the heat of the sunlight is absorbed by the outer glass sheet since the heat is already reflected.
Instead of travelling through the outer glass sheet twice, as is the case in the prior art, the sunlight traves twice through the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer.
However, this ceramic layer is significantly thinner than the glass sheet and therefore absorbs less heat.
This may contribute to the window laminate staying cooler, and also more constant in temperature.
Another benefit according to the present invention is the flexibility to choose the shape of a mould.
Moulds are typically used for bending of the glass sheets and/or window laminate.
To this end, moulds for press bending may be covered with a stainless steel cloth.
Such a cloth may prevent tool marks on the glass during pressing and/or bending.
The transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer or enamel may help to prevent damage to the reflective coating during bending of the glass and/or window laminate.
In respect of the present invention, the inward facing surface of the outer glass sheet and the inner glass sheet may otherwise be referred to as Face 2 and Face 4 respectively. Also, the outward facing surface of the outer glass sheet and the inner glass sheet may otherwise be referred to as Face 1 and Face 3 respectively. The ceramic band may also be referred to as an obscuration band or layer. Yet another significant advantage according to the present invention is that the obscuration band may be substantially entirely unaffected by the reflective coating. This allows the at least one ceramic band to fulfil its purpose without affecting the aesthetic appearance of the window laminate. Preferably, the at least one ceramic band is a dark ceramic band, in particular a black ceramic band. Yet, instead of black or dark colours, other colours of the ceramic band may also be provided. Hence, the invention is not limited to a colour of the ceramic band. Where reference is made to a colour of the obscuration band which may be seen through an infrared reflective coating, such as from the outside of the window, this may be understood as the colour without the reflected light from the reflective coating. The colour of the reflection can be blueish or greenish depending on the thickness of the dielectric layers from the reflective coating as some parts of the visible light may also be reflected. The reduced decolouration may be prevented irrespective of the colour that is used. Due to the reflective coating being on a different face, the ceramic band does not decolour. Generally, it is not preferred to provide the at least one ceramic band, in particular the black ceramic band, onto the inward facing surface of the outer glass sheet. This is due to the fact that said ceramic band may absorb heat, in particular if coloured darker, which may affect thermoplastic laminated sheet structures. Hence, if the ceramic band is provided onto the inward facing surface of the outer glass sheet, it is typically required to provide also a reflective coating onto said inward facing surface, and the ceramic band onto said reflective coating. However, as indicated above, this causes incompatibility and decolouration. Hence, this solution may not be ideal. Since the present invention provides a reflective coating on the outward facing surface, it may allow the ceramic band to be provided onto the inward facing surface whilst both decolouration and heat absorption is reduced significantly. The at least one ceramic band may at least partially, preferably entirely, be formed by a ceramic enamel.
Preferably, the at least one ceramic band stretches along the entire perimeter of the glass. The at least one ceramic band may further comprise a fade-out portion.
Moreover, since the reflective coating is provided onto the outward facing surface, the amount of heat that reaches the outer glass sheet may be significantly reduced.
This may not only allow for the benefits described above. It may additionally allow that the outer glass sheet is formed by a tinted glass sheet. This was not possible inthe prior art due to heat absorption. Hence, the present invention yields more flexibility in the use of bonding layers according to the present invention. Where tinted windows according to the prior art were generally achieved by providing a tinted bonding layer, the present invention may achieve a tinted window laminate by the tinted outer glass sheet. This was not possible due to the above described heat absorption. Flexibility in the choice of bonding layer provides the benefit that it may allow the bonding layer to be chosen such that it matches a thermoplastic laminated sheet structure. Tinted bonding layers, especially dark, which may also be referred to as privacy tints, may introduce a lot of haze in comparison to tinted glass. By the present invention, it is possible to achieve a tinted window laminate wherein the haze may be reduced by 1-5%, in particular 1-2%. This is beneficial for smart glass as every additional layer like PDLC, silver (AG), and Low-e each has relative high levels of haze. Hence, this possible reduction of haze by using tinted glass provides a significant benefit.
The automotive window laminate may be a heated automotive window laminate. To this end, the window laminate may comprise at least one heating layer, in particular a silver based heating layer. It is conceivable that the heating layer is a different and distinct layer, however the heating layer may also be at least partially formed by the reflective coating of the present invention, in particular if said layer comprises silver particles. Preferably, the at least one reflective coating is comprises at least portion silver particles. A silver based reflective coating and/or heating layer may be heated via an electric power. However, these silver based coatings are vulnerable to weather conditions and hence are normally to be placed on face 2, face 3, or face 4. However, this yields a less effective heating since typically frost is on face 1 of the window laminate. The present invention, by application of the transparent and/or ceramic layer, in particular if said ceramic layer covers substantially entire face 1, allows for application of the reflective coating on face 1. Since it is covered by the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer, the effects of the weather are substantially prevented. This allows for a more effective and/or more flexible placement of the heating layer.
At least a portion of the at least one transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer may be a digitally printed ceramic layer. Optionally, said portion of the at least one transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer may be a screen printed ceramic layer, alternatively or additionally, the ceramic layer may be sprayed onto the glass sheet and/or submerged and/or dipped. These types of application techniques may provide for a sufficiently thin ceramic layer. By providing a thin layer of ceramic the benefits of the present invention may be achieved, whilst keeping the added weight to a minimum, which in the automotive industry is of great importance.
It is conceivable that the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer, in particular the transparent ceramic enamels are at least partially formed by an overglaze. It was surprisingly found that an overglaze which may be used as an overglaze for potteries and roof tiles, but also known for embedding particles in anti-skid glass is suitable to be used as a transparent ceramic layer to the solution to the present invention. Thus, where reference is made to the transparent ceramic layer, this may be partially formed by an overglaze layer.
The translucent and/or transparent ceramic layer may stretch at least partially beyond the at least one reflective coating. In particular, it is preferred that at least a portion of the translucent and/or transparent ceramic layer stretches beyond the perimeter of the at least one reflective coating. As such, at least that portion of the translucent and/or transparent ceramic layer may locally seal the reflective coating.
Preferably, the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer impermeably seals the atleast one reflective coating, in particular the perimeter thereof. This may be caused by the property of the translucent and/or transparent ceramic layer to be more impermeable compared to the reflective coating. That is, the translucent and/or transparent ceramic layer thus overlaps the reflective coating and extends beyond it along at least a portion, preferably entirely, of the perimeter of the reflective coating, and as such locally encapsulates the reflective coating, in particular from a lateral side. The overlap or seal may reduce the deterioration of the reflective coating over time. Alternatively it may be stated that said translucent and/or transparent ceramic layer stretches to a portion of the outward facing surface of the outer glass sheet that is free of reflective coating.
Preferably, an edge along at least a portion of the perimeter of at least one of the inner glass sheet and/or outer glass sheet is rounded and/or bevelled and/or chamfered. In this respect, the bevelled and/or rounder and/or chamfered edge may be at least partially upwardly inclined and/or outwardly inclined. Additionally, the bevel may be provided on either the inward facing surface and/or the outward facing surface of the inner glass sheet and/or outer glass sheet. Preferably, the edge of each of the inner glass sheet and outer glass sheet is at least partially provided with a rounded edge, preferably along the entire perimeter thereof. This may provide for a better distribution of stresses in the glass sheets.
It is preferred that said rounded and/or bevelled and/or chamfered portion is essentially free of reflective coating. As such, providing the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer to stretch until the bevelled and/or rounded and/or chamfered portion may provide that the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer streiches beyond said reflective coating and as such provide for a seal thereof. Sealing the reflective coating may prevent that moisture penetrates said coating and damages it but may also contribute to a better aesthetical appearance.
Hence it is preferred that the at least one transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer at least partially overlaps with said rounded and/or bevelled portion. Rounding or bevelling or chamfering may be applied after applying the reflective coating of the window laminate. The process of applying rounding or bevelling or chamfering also provides an edge of the glass sheet that is free of coating. Hence, it may ensure to provide for a portion of the glass sheet that is free of reflective coating and as such allow the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer to form a seal or fo apart of a seal. Preferably, the edge is a flat polished edge and/or a bevelled edge and/or a (full, demi, or half) bullnose edge and/or a pencil polish edge and/or (single, double or triple) o’gee edge and/or boston profile edge. Preferably, the edge of the glass is at least partially asymmetrically.
The at least one transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer stretches at least its own thickness in length beyond the reflective coating. it is also conceivable that the at least one transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer stretches at least the thickness of the reflective coating in length beyond the reflective coating. This may ensure a sufficiently applied seal in respect of the at least one reflective coating.
Said reflective coating may be applied in a thickness of about 100 nm — 500 nm,
preferably around 200 nm. By allowing the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer to stretch beyond the reflective coating in at least its own thickness it is ensured that the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer seals the reflective coating. It is also conceivable that the reflective coating covers essentially the entire outward facing surface of the outer glass sheet (Face 1). In such an instance, extending beyond the perimeter may be understood as the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer stretching toward a side edge of the (outer) glass sheet, and hence as such also locally sealing said reflective coating. The difference being that the seal is established on the side surface of the glass sheet.
Preferably the at least one transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer has an average thickness situated between about 2 micron and 60 micron, preferably about 10 or about 15 micron or about 30 micron. lt is conceivable that a thicker transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer may be applied, having a greater average thickness. A thickness of up to three times the aforementioned thickness may be conceivable. The at least one transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer may stretch about 2 - 60 micron beyond the reflective coating. This is significantly shorter compared to conventional techniques, where a bonding layer provides for sealing the reflective coating. Typically, a bonding layer seal requires to stretch at least 6mm, but preferably 15 mm beyond the coating. Hence the present invention allows the reflective coating to stretch further to the edge of the glass sheet, and hence having a larger effective usable surface area and an improved aesthetic appearance.
Preferably, the at least one reflective coating is an infrared and/or heat reflective coating. Infrared and heat irradiation are two of the dominant factors that accelerate degradation of the automotive window laminate. To this end it is preferred that said reflective coating is at least configured for reflecting heat and/or infrared radiation to prevent heating of the ceramic band.
Itis imaginable that the reflective coating is applied on the entire outward facing surface of the outer glass sheet. Entire outward facing surface may be understood as the entire plane up till the rounded or bevelled edge (if applied). By applying the reflective coating on the entire outward facing surface of the outer glass sheet (Face 1) an even reflection of heat and/or infrared radiation may be achieved.
Preferably, said reflective coating ensures the ceramic band does not exceed a temperature of about 70 degrees Celsius, preferably about 60 degrees Celsius, plus or minus 10 degrees Celsius, preferably plus or minus 5 degrees Celsius. This may have a big influence of the expected lifetime of the automotive window laminate, in particular of the functional film or layer. Since the ceramic band typically heats up significantly more that the remainder of the window laminate, in particular the central portion, a temperature gradient may as such be reduced.
Where, according to the prior art the ceramic band may reach temperatures in excess of 90 degrees Celsius, where the remainder of the window laminate may only reach temperatures of typically maximum 60 degrees Celsius, a 30 degrees
Celsius gradient is present where the ceramic band is provided. The present invention may reduce said gradient to only a 10 degrees, preferably 5 degrees
Celsius gradient. This may reduce induced stresses in the glass and/or laminate, in particular in the transition region where the ceramic band is applied, which is beneficial for the lifespan of the window laminate as such. The present invention therefore may provide an even bigger improvement in comparison to a reflective coating provided onto Face 2.
Typically two ways of applying a reflective coating are usable. First of all pyrolytic coatings, which may be applied in the float glass process while glass is still hot from the molten state. In this state glass may be pulled over a bath of liquid Tin, before annealing coatings can be sprayed onto the hot surface to fuse with the glass layer. Pyrolytic coatings have Infrared reflective and emissivity reducing (low- e) properties which are relatively hard and durable. It has been found that fused coatings are not sensitive for most outside ambient conditions and thus may be used on face 1 of an laminated automotive glass, but not on face 4. As an alternative way magnetron sputtered coatings may be applied, which may otherwise be referred to as Physical vapor deposition (PVD). PVD coatings are applied only after the glass is produced, by means of a vacuum chamber and electric charged cathode shooting atoms into a plasma surrounded magnetic field onto the glass surface. Sputtered coatings comprise metal and dielectric layers forming an infrared reflective layer, which is soft and has lower durability in terms of permeability in outside ambient conditions, such as moisture. Especially when elements are used that are prone to contact with moisture, such as Silver (ag).
According to a preferred embodiment the at least one reflective coating comprises silver particles, such as AgCl, and/or Ag nanoparticles, in particular at least one
Agt coating. Yet, it is also conceivable that an Ag2, Ag3, Ag4 coating is provided as a reflective coating. In this respect Agx coating may be contemplated as a silver- based coating wherein “x” may refer to the number of passes by a sputter machine. it is conceivable that if the reflective coating comprises metal particles, in particular silver particles, the coating may block or obstruct radio waves, to this end a radio wave port may locally be provided into the reflective coating. Such a radio wave port may be in the size of about 100 mm by 60 mm or larger with a shaped grid of 0.1 mm and a pitch of 1 mm depending on the desired frequency to pass through.
Preferably the thermoplastic laminated sheet structure comprises at least one functional layer, having an upper and lower surface, preferably wherein the at least one functional layer comprises at least two thermoplastic layers, and at least one film layer, in particular a functional film or layer, between the at least two thermoplastic layers, and at least two bonding layers, wherein the at least two bonding layers at least partially cover the upper and lower surfaces of the at least one functional layer. It is conceivable that any type of bonding layer may be used.
The present invention is furthermore related to a glass sheet for use as an outer glass sheet in an automotive window laminate, preferably the automotive window laminate according to any of the preceding claims, comprising: — an inward facing surface, and an outward facing surface; — al least one reflective coating, in particular a heat and/or infrared reflective coating, said reflective coating provided on at least a portion of the outward facing surface of the outer glass sheet, wherein the glass sheet comprises at least one substantially translucent and/or transparent ceramic layer, wherein said transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer covers the at least one reflective coating. The same benefits apply to the glass sheet according to the present invention as explained with respect to the automotive window laminate. Preferably, the glass sheet further comprises at least one ceramic band, stretching along at least a portion of the perimeter of the inward facing surface of the outer glass sheet. The glass sheet may a curved glass sheet, preferably a double curved glass sheet. Preferably, the at least on reflective coating is provided on the convex surface of the glass sheet. It is conceivable that said reflective coating is provided onto the entire surface of the outward facing surface, in particular the convex surface of said glass sheet.
The present invention is further related to a method for producing an automotive window laminate structure, preferably according to any of the present invention, comprising the steps of: a) providing an inner glass sheet and an outer glass sheet, said inner glass sheet and outer glass sheet each comprising an inward facing surface and an outward facing surface, b) providing at least one reflective coating onto at least a portion of the outward facing surface of the outer glass sheet, c}) providing a layer of transparent and/or translucent ceramic wherein the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer covers the reflective coating, d) providing a thermoplastic laminated sheet structure between the inner glass sheet and outer glass sheets.
Preferably, the method comprises a step of providing at least one ceramic band, preferably wherein the at least one second ceramic band is applied, preferably directly applied, onto the a portion of the inward facing surface of the outer glass sheet. Optionally, the method further comprises the step of: e) providing a bevel and/or rounding on at least a portion of the edge of at least one of the inner glass sheet and/or outer glass sheet. Preferably during step c) at least a portion of the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer is applied by means of screen printing, digital printing, spraying, wetcoating, rolcoating, and/or dipping. Preferably, the method comprises the step of bending at least one glass sheet, in particular the outer glass sheet, wherein during bending at least a portion of the transparent and/or translucent ceramic is in contact with a mould. The benefits as disclosed in relation to the automotive window laminate structure are also applicable with respect to the method for producing an automotive window laminate structure and glass sheet, and are herewith incorporated by reference with respect thereto. The invention may further may be related to a method for manufacturing an glass sheet for use in an automotive window laminate, comprising the steps of i} providing at least one glass sheet, ii) providing at least one reflective coating on at least a portion of the glass sheet, iii) providing at least one transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer onto the same side of the glass sheet, in particular covering the reflective coating, iv) bending the glass sheet in a mould, preferably wherein the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer is in contact with a forming surface of said mould. This may allow to form a glass sheet comprising the reflective coating and ceramic layer on the convex surface of the glass sheet. This may provide for the benefits according to the invention.
The present invention is further related to a vehicle comprising a glass sheet according to the present inventio, in particular comprising an automotive window laminate structure according to the present invention.
The present invention will hereinafter be further elucidated based on the following drawings, wherein: - Figure 1 shows a cross sectional view of an automotive window laminate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; - Figure 2 shows a glass sheet according to the invention for use in an automotive window laminate; and - Figure 3a-3e show a part of the production process of an automotive window laminate structure according to the invention.
Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an automotive window laminate 1 according to the present invention. For illustrative purposes merely a portion of the automotive window laminate 1 is shown. The cross sections as shown in this figure allows to elaborate more on the inventive concept of the present invention. As it is the goal of the present invention to provide for an automotive window laminate 1 which is able to reduce the amount of heat absorbed by the window and to provide for a deeper dark obscuration band, the embodiment shown provides for an inventive solution.
The figure shows the cross section comprising an outer glass sheet 2, and an inner glass sheet 3, which outer glass sheet 2 and inner glass sheet 3 are mutually parallel and situated at a distance of one another. For illustrative purposes the glass sheets 2,3 are shown flat, but the glass sheets 2, 3 may be curved. Each of the outer glass sheet 2 and inner glass sheet comprises respectively an inward facing surface 2a, 3a, and an outward facing surface 2b, 3b. In this respect, the outward facing surface 2b of the outer glass sheet 2 may be referred to as Face 1 of the window laminate, and the inward facing surface 2a of the outer glass sheet 2 as Face 2. Similarly the outward facing surface 3b of the inner glass sheet 3 may be referred to as Face 3 of the window laminate, and the inward facing surface 3a of the inner glass sheet 3 as Face 4. Between said outer glass sheet 2 and inner glass sheet 3 a thermoplastic laminated sheet structure 4 is provided. Said thermoplastic laminated sheet structure 4 comprises at least one functional layer 5 preferably comprising at least one film layer such as a polymer-dispersed liquid- crystal device, and/or a suspended-particle devices, and/or an electrochromic device, and/or micro-blinds, and/or passive functional layer. Said film layer may be deposited between two thermoplastic layers, wherein said thermoplastic layers may at least partially be composed out of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), or Tri Acetate Cellulose (TAC). lt is conceivable that at least one side of at least one thermoplastic layer is provided with a conductive coating, preferably indium Tin Oxide (ITO). Around at least a portion of the perimeter of the functional layer 5 a frame layer 7 is provided. Said frame layer 7 may be at least partially be formed out of a separate material, but may also be formed by an inactive portion of the functional layer 5. Said frame layer 7 is configured to provide for a proper seal of the functional layer 5. This is especially preferred in case of thicker types of functional layers 5. On either side of the functional layer 5 and the frame layer 7 a bonding layer 6 is applied. Said bonding layers 6 allow to adhere the functional layer 5 to the sheets of glass 2, 3. In order to provide for a better heat and/or infrared radiation resistance, the present invention is provided with a reflective coating 8. Said reflective coating 8 preferably comprises Silver. Preferably, the at least one reflective coating comprises silver particles, such as AgCl, and/or Ag nanoparticles, in particular at least one Ag1 coating. Yet, it is also conceivable that an Ag2, Ag3, Ag4 coating is provided as a reflective coating. Silver based coatings are one of the preferred options since they have a decent infrared reflective property.
The inventive concept according to the present invention lies in the fact that said reflective coating 8 is provided on Face 1 of the automotive window laminate 1, hence on the outward facing surface 2b of the outer glass sheet 2. On top of said reflective coating 8 a substantially transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15 is provided. Preferably, said transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15 stretches beyond the perimeter of the reflective coating 8. This allows the reflective coating 8 to be sealed by the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15. This may provide protection to the reflective coating 8. By applying the reflective coating 8 on the outward facing surface 2b of the outer glass sheet, the amount of heat absorbed by the automotive window laminate 1 may be significantly reduced. That is, a beam of sunlight and/or infrared radiation 12 hits the reflective coating even before entering the outer glass sheet. To a significant extend the incoming beam of sunlight and/or infrared radiation 12 is reflected by the reflective coating 8. Hence, the incoming sunlight and/or infrared radiation 12 is largely reflected back in outwardly reflections 13. Only a small fraction of the incoming sunlight and/or infrared 12, in particular an inward reflection 14, is able to pass through the reflective coating 8 and enter the outer glass sheet. As such, only the inward light 14 which is not reflected back 13 is able to heat up components situated below said reflective coating 8. In particular a ceramic band 9 that is provided around a portion of the perimeter of at least the outer glass sheet 2 will as a result of said reflective coating 8 heat up less. This is to a great extent due to the fact that said reflective coating 8 is situated on the outwardly facing side 2b of the outer glass sheet 2. Due the reflective coating being on the outward facing surface 2b of the outer glass sheet 2, the amount of heat that can potentially be absorbed 14 is significantly reduced. This allows that the outer glass sheet may be a tinted glass sheet. Since the reflective coating 8 is provided on Face 1 of the automotive window laminate 1,
Face 2 of the window laminate 1 is entirely available for the ceramic band, i.e., the obscuration band 9. Hence, there is no incompatibility issue between obscuration band 9 and reflective coating 8, whilst still providing outstanding reflective properties. Said reflective band may cover a portion of the thermoplastic laminated sheet structure 4, in particular an area comprising an electronic connection and/or a frame layer 7. lt is desired to reduce the amount of heat that is absorbed and/or transferred into the interior portion of the window laminate 1. Said interior portion may be seen as the thermoplastic laminate 4 and the ceramic band 9. Said ceramic band 9 may in particular be prone to higher temperatures since it is often black in colour. Hence, if none of the incoming rays of sunlight and/or incoming infrared is blocked, it may absorb a significant portion as heat, raising its temperature. Said ceramic band 9 may, if no reflective coating 8 is provided on Face 1, reach temperatures of above 90 degrees Celsius. The present invention may cause a reduction of the maximum temperature to around 40 to 60 degrees Celsius, under the same conditions. The transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15 stretches beyond the reflective coating 8, until a portion of the edge 11 of the glass sheet 2, 3 that is essentially free of reflective coating 8. This allows the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15 to locally prevent moisture from coming into contact with the reflective coating 8. Preferably, said transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15 as such seals the reflective coating 8. The transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15 preferably stretches beyond the reflective coating 8 for at least 10 micron — 60 , hence only a small fraction is sufficient to seal the reflective coating 8.
This may be due to the properties of the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15. In this figure the edges 11 of the outer glass sheet 2 and inner glass sheet 3 are rounded.
Figure 2 shows an outer glass sheet 2 according to the present invention for use in an automotive window laminate. In this particular figure an example of the outer glass sheet 2 is shown, but said shape may also be used in respect of the inner glass sheet 3. However, in order to provide further insight as to how to apply the inventive concept for a different glass edge shape the outer glass sheet 2 is shown here. Also, the outer glass sheet 2 depicted in this figure is flat for illustrative purposes. The glass sheet 2 may also be curved. The edge 11 of glass sheet 2 in this figure is straight, and may form a substantially perpendicular angle with respect to the outward facing surface 2b and the inward facing surface 2a of the outer glass sheet 2. A reflective coating 8 is provided on the outward facing surface 2b of the glass sheet 2. In this embodiment, the reflective coating 8 is applied on essentially the entire outward facing surface 2b of the glass sheet 2. This may e.g. be done prior to further processing of the glass sheet 2. lt is also imaginable that large sheets of glass are provided with a reflective coating 8, such as any coating according to the invention, wherein after application of the reflective coating 8 the large sheets of glass are cut into a sheet to be used. This may yield that, as shown in this figure, the reflective coating 8 stretches all the way to the edge 11 of the glass sheet 2 since this reflects the cut line. However, it still remains possible to prevent the reflective coating 8 to be in contact with an external environment, and hence with moisture. In this respect, a substantially transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15 may be provided onto the reflective coating 8 which stretches until the edge 11 of the glass sheet 2. Since the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15 preferably stretches beyond the reflective coating 8 in at least its own thickness, and due to the fact that the reflective coating 8 is normally an order of magnitude thinner, it may be ensured that the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15 indeed stretches until a portion of the edge 11 of the glass sheet 2 that is free of reflective coating 8. As such, the portion of the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15 that is adhered to the portion of the edge 11 that is free of reflective coating may seal the reflective coating 8. This may contribute to the life span of the window laminate 1. On the inward facing surface 2a of the outer glass sheet 2 a ceramic band 9 is provided.
Figures 3a-3e show a part of the method according to the present invention. in this respect, figure 3a shows a first step wherein a sheet of glass 2, in particular an outer sheet of glass 2 is provided. Although in figure 3a an outer glass sheet 2 is shown, it is also conceivable that at this step an inner glass sheet 3 is provided for.
During the subsequent step, shown in figure 3b a coating 8 is applied, in particular a reflective coating 8 is applied on an outward facing surface 2b of the outer glass sheet 2. The reflective coating 8 is applied on substantially the entire outward facing surface 2b of the outer glass sheet 2. As such, the entire window laminate may have good reflective properties. In the step shown in figure 3c an edge 11 of the outer glass sheet 2 is rounded or bevelled. Rounding the edge 11 of the glass sheet 2 may provide for better distribution of stresses in the glass sheet 2. These stresses may for example be introduced during a bending process. For illustrative purposes, the glass sheet and window laminate shown in figure 3 are shown in horizontal orientation, although it is conceivable that the sheet 2 or laminate 1 is slightly curved. During step shown in figure 3d a ceramic band 9 is provided onto the outer glass sheet 2. Said ceramic band 9, in particular an obscuration band 9 is applied onto the inward facing surface 2a of the glass sheet 2, and extending onto a portion of the edge 11 of the glass sheet 2. Where it is mentioned in this application that a portion of the glass sheet 2 is free of reflective coating, this may be understood as said portion being free or made free of reflective coating 8. lt is however preferred to eliminate the step of removing said coating 8 locally since this reduces production times. In the last step, shown in figure 3e, an assembled automotive window laminate 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed. Below (seen in direction outward to inward) the outer glass sheet 2 a thermoplastic laminated sheet structure 4 is provided. Said thermoplastic laminated sheet structure 4 comprises two bonding layer 6 and a functional film 5 as described in the present application. Optionally, an inward facing surface 3a of the inner glass sheet 3 may also be provided with a ceramic band 9. As such, the connection and frame layer 7 of the thermoplastic laminated sheet structure 4 that are present along the perimeter of the sheet structure 4 may be hidden from sight of a driver. In figure 3e it is also shown that a substantially transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15 is provided onto the reflective coating. In this respect, the substantially transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15 as shown in figure 3e stretches until a part of the rounded edge 11 that is free of reflective coating 8.
This allows to seal off the reflective coating 8 from moisture by means of the substantially transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer 15. Thus, figures 3a-3d show the subsequent steps of preparing an outer glass sheet 2 according to the present invention, wherein figure 3e shows an assembled automotive window laminate 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The above-described inventive concepts are illustrated by several illustrative embodiments. It is conceivable that individual inventive concepts, including inventive details, may be applied without, in so doing, also applying other details of the described example. it is not necessary to elaborate on examples of all conceivable combinations of the above-described inventive concepts, as a person skilled in the art will understand numerous inventive concepts can be {re}combined in order to arrive at a specific application and/or alternative embodiment.
The ordinal numbers used in this document, like “first”, “second”, and “third” are used only for identification purposes. Hence, the use of expressions like a “second” component, does therefore not necessarily require the co-presence of a “first” component. By "complementary” or “co-acting” components is meant that these components are configured to co-act with each other. However, to this end, these components do not necessarily have to have complementary forms. The verb “comprise” and conjugations thereof used in this patent publication are understood to mean not only “comprise”, but are also understood to mean the phrases “contain”, “substantially consist of”, “formed by” and conjugations thereof.

Claims (24)

ConclusiesConclusions 1. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten, omvattende: - een binnenste glasplaat, en een buitenste glasplaat, welke binnenste glasplaat en buitenste glasplaat parallel en onderling op afstand van elkaar zijn gepositioneerd, de binnenste glasplaat en buitenste glasplaat elk omvattende een naar binnen gericht oppervlak en een naar buiten gericht oppervlak, - ten minste één gelamineerde thermoplastische plaatstructuur, welk gelamineerde thermoplastische plaatstructuur in hoofdzaak in zijn geheel tussen het naar buiten gerichte oppervlak van de binnenste glasplaat en het naar binnen gerichte oppervlak van de buitenste glasplaat is geplaatst, - ten minste één reflecterende coating, in het bijzonder een warmte en/of infrarood reflecterende coating, welke reflecterende coating is aangebracht op ten minste een deel van het naar buiten gerichte oppervlak van de buitenste glasplaat, waarbij de laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten ten minste één in hoofdzaak doorzichtige en/of transparante keramische laag omvat, welke transparante en/of doorzichtige keramische laag de ten minste ene reflecterende coating dekt, en waarbij de laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten ten minste één keramische band omvat die zich langs ten minste een deel van de omtrek van het naar binnen gerichte oppervlak van de buitenste glasplaat uitstrekt.1. Automotive glazing laminate structure comprising: - an inner glass pane, and an outer glass pane, said inner glass pane and outer glass pane being positioned parallel and spaced apart from each other, said inner glass pane and outer glass pane each comprising an inwardly facing surface and an outwardly facing surface, - at least one laminated thermoplastic sheet structure, said laminated thermoplastic sheet structure being disposed substantially in its entirety between the outwardly facing surface of said inner glass pane and the inwardly facing surface of said outer glass pane, - at least one reflective coating, in particular a heat and/or infrared reflective coating, said reflective coating being applied to at least a portion of said outwardly facing surface of said outer glass pane, said automotive glazing laminate structure comprising at least one substantially transparent and/or transparent ceramic layer, said transparent and/or transparent ceramic layer covering said at least one reflective coating, and said automotive glazing laminate structure comprising at least one ceramic band extending along at least a portion of said circumference extends from the inward-facing surface of the outer glass pane. 2. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de doorzichtige en/of transparante keramische laag zich ten minste gedeeltelijk voorbij de ten minste ene reflecterende coating uitstrekt.2. Laminate structure for automotive windows according to claim 1, wherein the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer extends at least partially beyond the at least one reflective coating. 3. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens conclusie 1 of 2, waarbij de ten minste ene keramische band een donkere keramische band is, in het bijzonder een zwarte keramische band.3. Laminate structure for automotive windows according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one ceramic strip is a dark ceramic strip, in particular a black ceramic strip. 4. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de ten minste ene keramische band ten minste gedeeltelijk, bij voorkeur volledig, wordt gevormd door een keramisch email.Laminate structure for automotive windows according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic strip is at least partially, preferably completely, formed by a ceramic enamel. 5. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij een rand langs ten minste een deel van de omtrek van ten minste één van de binnenste glasplaat en/of buitenste glasplaat afgerond en/of afgeschuind is.5. Laminate structure for automotive windows according to any of the preceding claims, wherein an edge along at least a part of the periphery of at least one of the inner glass pane and/or outer glass pane is rounded and/or beveled. 6. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens conclusie 5, waarbij het afgeronde en/of afgeschuinde deel in essentie vrij is van reflecterende coating.6. Laminate structure for automotive windows according to claim 5, wherein the rounded and/or beveled portion is essentially free of reflective coating. 7. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens conclusie 5 of 6, waarbij de ten minste ene keramische laag ten minste gedeeltelijk met het afgeronde en/of afgeschuinde deel overlapt.7. Laminate structure for automotive windows according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the at least one ceramic layer at least partially overlaps with the rounded and/or beveled portion. 8. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens conclusie 7, waarbij de ten minste ene keramische laag ten minste zijn eigen dikte in lengte voorbij de reflecterende coating uitstrekt.8. Laminate structure for automotive windows according to claim 7, wherein the at least one ceramic layer extends at least its own thickness in length beyond the reflective coating. 9. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de ten minste ene reflecterende coating een infrarode en/of warmte reflecterende coating is.9. Laminate structure for automotive windows according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one reflective coating is an infrared and/or heat reflective coating. 10. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de reflecterende coating op het gehele naar buiten gerichte opperviak van de buitenste glasplaat is aangebracht.10. Laminate structure for automotive windows according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the reflective coating is applied to the entire outwardly facing surface of the outer glass pane. 11. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de buitenste glasplaat een getinte glasplaat is.11. Laminate structure for automotive windows according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the outer glass pane is a tinted glass pane. 12. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de ten minste ene transparante en/of doorzichtige keramische laag een gemiddelde totale dikte gelegen tussen ongeveer 2 micron en 60 micron heeft, bij voorkeur ongeveer 15 en/of ongeveer 30 micron.12. Laminate structure for automotive windows according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer has an average total thickness of between about 2 microns and 60 microns, preferably about 15 and/or about 30 microns. 13. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de ten minste ene keramische laag de ten minste ene reflecterende coating, in het bijzonder de omtrek daarvan, afdicht, bij voorkeur ondoordringbaar afdicht.Laminate structure for automotive windows according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic layer seals, preferably impermeably seals, the at least one reflective coating, in particular the periphery thereof. 14. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de ten minste ene reflecterende coating zilverdeeltjes omvat, zoals AgCl, en/of Ag nanodeeltjes.Laminate structure for automotive windows according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one reflective coating comprises silver particles, such as AgCl, and/or Ag nanoparticles. 15. Laminaatstructuur voor automobielruiten volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de gelamineerde thermoplastische plaatstructuur omvat; - ten minste één functionele laag, met een boven- en een onderoppervlak, bij voorkeur waarbij de ten minste ene functionele laag ten minste twee thermoplastische lagen omvat, en ten minste één filmlaag tussen de ten minste twee thermoplastische lagen, en; - ten minste twee hechtlagen, waarbij de ten minste twee hechtlagen het boven- en onderopperviak van de ten minste ene functionele laag ten minste gedeeltelijk bedekken.15. Laminate structure for automotive windows according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the laminated thermoplastic sheet structure comprises; - at least one functional layer, having an upper and a lower surface, preferably wherein the at least one functional layer comprises at least two thermoplastic layers, and at least one film layer between the at least two thermoplastic layers, and; - at least two bonding layers, wherein the at least two bonding layers at least partially cover the upper and lower surface of the at least one functional layer. 16. Glasplaat voor gebruik als een buitenste glasplaat in een laminaat voor automobielruiten, bij voorkeur de laminaat voor automobielruiten volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, omvattende: - een naar binnen gericht oppervlak, en een naar buiten gericht oppervlak; - ten minste één reflecterende coating, in het bijzonder een warmte en/of infrarood reflecterende coating, welke reflecterende coating is voorzien op ten minste een deel van het naar buiten gerichte oppervlak van de buitenste glasplaat, waarbij de glasplaat ten minste één in hoofdzaak doorzichtige en/of transparante keramische laag omvat, waarbij de transparante en/of doorzichtige keramische laag de ten minste ene reflecterende coating bedekt.16. Glass sheet for use as an outer glass sheet in an automotive glazing laminate, preferably the automotive glazing laminate according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: - an inward-facing surface, and an outward-facing surface; - at least one reflective coating, in particular a heat and/or infrared reflective coating, said reflective coating being provided on at least a part of the outward-facing surface of the outer glass sheet, said glass sheet comprising at least one substantially transparent and/or transparent ceramic layer, said transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer covering said at least one reflective coating. 17. Glasplaat volgens conclusie 16, waarbij de glasplaat verder ten minste één keramische band omvat, die zich langs ten minste een deel van de omtrek van het naar binnen gerichte oppervlak van de buitenste glasplaat uitstrekt.17. The glass plate of claim 16, wherein the glass plate further comprises at least one ceramic band extending along at least a portion of the periphery of the inwardly facing surface of the outer glass plate. 18. Glasplaat volgens conclusie 16 of 17, waarbij de glasplaat een gekromde glasplaat is, bij voorkeur een dubbel gekromde glasplaat.18. Glass plate according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the glass plate is a curved glass plate, preferably a double curved glass plate. 19. Glasplaat volgens conclusie 18, waarbij de ten minste ene reflecterende coating is voorzien op het convexe oppervlak van de glasplaat.19. A glass plate according to claim 18, wherein the at least one reflective coating is provided on the convex surface of the glass plate. 20. Werkwijze voor het produceren van een laminaatstructuur, bij voorkeur volgens één van de conclusies 1-15, omvattende de stappen van: a) het voorzien van een binnenste glasplaat en een buitenste glasplaat, de binnenste glasplaat en de buitenste glasplaat elk omvattende een naar binnen gericht oppervlak en een naar buiten gericht oppervlak, b) het voorzien van ten minste één reflecterende coating op ten minste een deel van het naar buiten gerichte oppervlak van de buitenste glasplaat, c) het voorzien van een laag transparant en/of doorzichtig keramiek waarbij de transparante en/of doorzichtige keramische laag de reflecterende coating bedekt, d) het voorzien van een gelamineerde thermoplastische plaatstructuur tussen de binnenste glasplaat en de buitenste glasplaat.20. A method for producing a laminate structure, preferably according to any one of claims 1 to 15, comprising the steps of: a) providing an inner glass sheet and an outer glass sheet, the inner glass sheet and the outer glass sheet each comprising an inwardly facing surface and an outwardly facing surface, b) providing at least one reflective coating on at least a portion of the outwardly facing surface of the outer glass sheet, c) providing a layer of transparent and/or translucent ceramic, the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer covering the reflective coating, d) providing a laminated thermoplastic sheet structure between the inner glass sheet and the outer glass sheet. 21. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 20, waarbij de werkwijze een stap omvat van: het voorzien van ten minste één keramische band, bij voorkeur waarbij de ten minste ene tweede keramische band wordt aangebracht, bij voorkeur direct wordt aangebracht, op een deel van het naar binnen gerichte oppervlak van de buitenste glasplaat.21. A method according to claim 20, wherein the method comprises a step of: providing at least one ceramic band, preferably wherein the at least one second ceramic band is applied, preferably directly applied, to a portion of the inward-facing surface of the outer glass pane. 22. Werkwijze volgens één van de conclusies 20-21, waarbij de werkwijze de stap omvat van: e) het voorzien van een afschuining en/of afronding op ten minste een deel van de rand van ten minste één van de binnenste glasplaat en/of buitenste glasplaat.22. A method according to any one of claims 20 to 21, wherein the method comprises the step of: e) providing a bevel and/or rounding on at least a portion of the edge of at least one of the inner glass pane and/or outer glass pane. 23. Werkwijze volgens één van de conclusies 20-22, waarbij tijdens stap c) ten minste een deel van de transparante en/of doorzichtige keramische laag wordt aangebracht middels zeefdrukken, digitaal printen, spuiten, natlakken, rolcoating en/of dompelen.23. Method according to any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein during step c) at least part of the transparent and/or translucent ceramic layer is applied by screen printing, digital printing, spraying, wet painting, roller coating and/or dipping. 24. Werkwijze volgens één van de conclusies 20-23, waarbij de werkwijze de stap van het buigen van ten minste één glasplaat omvat, in het bijzonder de buitenste glasplaat, waarbij tijdens het buigen ten minste een deel van de transparante en/of doorzichtige keramiek in contact is met een mal.24. Method according to any one of claims 20 to 23, wherein the method comprises the step of bending at least one glass sheet, in particular the outer glass sheet, wherein during the bending at least a part of the transparent and/or translucent ceramic is in contact with a mold.
NL2035712A 2023-08-31 2023-08-31 Automotive window laminate structure, glass sheet for use in a laminate, and method for producing an automotive window laminate structure NL2035712B1 (en)

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PCT/NL2024/050469 WO2025048637A1 (en) 2023-08-31 2024-08-28 Automotive window laminate structure, glass sheet for use in a laminate, and method for producing an automotive window laminate structure

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Citations (3)

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US20060115655A1 (en) * 1998-12-21 2006-06-01 Krisko Annette J Low-emissivity, soil-resistant coating for glass surfaces
US20210002165A1 (en) * 2019-07-01 2021-01-07 Agc Automotive Americas R&D, Inc. Substantially transparent substrates including high and low emissivity coating layers
US20230194863A1 (en) * 2017-08-31 2023-06-22 Vitro Flat Glass Llc Heads-Up Display and Coating Therefor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060115655A1 (en) * 1998-12-21 2006-06-01 Krisko Annette J Low-emissivity, soil-resistant coating for glass surfaces
US20230194863A1 (en) * 2017-08-31 2023-06-22 Vitro Flat Glass Llc Heads-Up Display and Coating Therefor
US20210002165A1 (en) * 2019-07-01 2021-01-07 Agc Automotive Americas R&D, Inc. Substantially transparent substrates including high and low emissivity coating layers

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