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NL2035749A - Perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled - Google Patents

Perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2035749A
NL2035749A NL2035749A NL2035749A NL2035749A NL 2035749 A NL2035749 A NL 2035749A NL 2035749 A NL2035749 A NL 2035749A NL 2035749 A NL2035749 A NL 2035749A NL 2035749 A NL2035749 A NL 2035749A
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layer
exchange bias
bias field
synthetic antiferromagnetic
magnetic
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NL2035749A
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NL2035749B1 (en
Inventor
Li Yuying
He Kaizhou
Xie Mingling
Wang Xiangqian
Liu Bin
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Institute Of Sensing Tech Gansu Academy Of Sciences
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F10/00Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
    • H01F10/32Spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices
    • H01F10/324Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer
    • H01F10/3268Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer the exchange coupling being asymmetric, e.g. by use of additional pinning, by using antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic coupling interface, i.e. so-called spin-valve [SV] structure, e.g. NiFe/Cu/NiFe/FeMn
    • H01F10/3272Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer the exchange coupling being asymmetric, e.g. by use of additional pinning, by using antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic coupling interface, i.e. so-called spin-valve [SV] structure, e.g. NiFe/Cu/NiFe/FeMn by use of anti-parallel coupled [APC] ferromagnetic layers, e.g. artificial ferrimagnets [AFI], artificial [AAF] or synthetic [SAF] anti-ferromagnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F10/00Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
    • H01F10/002Antiferromagnetic thin films, i.e. films exhibiting a Néel transition temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F10/00Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
    • H01F10/32Spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices
    • H01F10/3218Exchange coupling of magnetic films via an antiferromagnetic interface
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F10/00Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
    • H01F10/32Spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices
    • H01F10/324Exchange coupling of magnetic film pairs via a very thin non-magnetic spacer, e.g. by exchange with conduction electrons of the spacer
    • H01F10/3286Spin-exchange coupled multilayers having at least one layer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y25/00Nanomagnetism, e.g. magnetoimpedance, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance or tunneling magnetoresistance

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and 5 controlled, which includes a substrate, a buffer layer, a seed layer, an artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic layer, and a covering layer from bottom to top. The artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic layer is formed by sandwiching a non-magnetic isolating layer between two composite magnetic layers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The antiferromagnetic coupling strength between two ferromagnetic layers lO may be changed by regulating the isolation thickness of a middle layer and parameters of the magnetic layers, thereby realizing continuous regulation and control of a p-SV exchange bias field. The present invention relates to the technical field of magnetic thin film materials, and solves the problem that the p-SV exchange bias field is difficult to continuously regulate and control in the prior art. 15

Description

PERPENDICULAR ANISOTROPY ARTIFICIALLY SYNTHETIC
ANTIFERROMAGNETIC COUPLING MULTILAYER FILM WITH
EXCHANGE BIAS FIELD CAPABLE OF BEING CONTINUOUSLY
REGULATED AND CONTROLLED
TECHNICAL FIELD
[01] The present invention relates to the technical field of magnetic thin film materials, and more particularly, to a perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled.
BACKGROUND ART
[02] A sensor technology is a high technology which has rapidly developed, and also an important symbol of the development of modern science and technology. The sensor technology forms the information industry of modern society together with a communication technology and a computer technology. A magnetic sensor is one of a variety of sensors. The magnetic sensor is capable of sensing the change of a physical quantity related to a magnetic phenomenon, and converting the physical quantity into an electrical signal for detection, so as to directly or indirectly detect magnetic field size, direction, displacement, angle, current, and other physical information. The magnetic sensor is widely used in information, motors, power electronics, energy management, automotive, magnetic information reading and writing, industrial automation and biomedicine, and other fields. The magnetic sensor is an important element for establishing a technology platform of Internet of things. The development of the magnetic sensor is facing great opportunities. With the development of science and technology and information technology, people have put forward higher and higher requirements for the size, sensitivity, thermal stability, and power consumption of the magnetic sensor.
[03] At present, the widely used magnetic sensor is mainly based on the electromagnetic induction principle, the Hall effect, and the magnetoresistance effect.
The sensor based on the magnetoresistance effect is replacing traditional magnetic sensors due to its high sensitivity, small size, low power consumption, and easy integration. Compared with other types of magnetic sensors, a spin valve sensor chip based on a giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect has the characteristics of miniaturization, low cost, low power consumption, high integration, high response frequency, and high sensitivity, and will become the competitive highpoint in the future. Spin valves may be divided into in-plane magnetic anisotropy (i-SV) and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (p-SV) according to magnetic crystal anisotropy or the easy and difficult axis directions of magnetic thin films. When the size of a device is smaller than 1 m, an edge of an in-plane magnetized film in i-SV is easy to form magnetic eddy current, which greatly reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of the device and even leads to information loss. Therefore, in order to ensure the stable operation of the sensor, the in-plane magnetized film must have a large aspect ratio k>2, but an
MTJ device with a large aspect ratio is very unfavorable to the miniaturization trend of the sensor. While operating, the p-SV does not depend on device shape, compromises between a high signal-to-noise ratio and miniaturization requirements, and has the following advantages. (1) A smaller recording unit may be formed, thereby greatly reducing the size of the sensor, and satisfying the miniaturization trend. (2) The stability to thermal disturbances is better. (3) The area and shape restrictions caused by the vortex rotation in a magnetic layer can be effectively eliminated. (4) The power consumption of the sensor can be reduced. At present, the p-SV typically employs a single layer of antiferromagnetic material as a pinned layer. However, an exchange bias of such antiferromagnetic materials is difficult to regulate and control, which greatly limits the future applications of the spin valves.
SUMMARY
[04] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, an object of the present invention is to provide a perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled, to solve the problem that a p-SV exchange bias field is difficult to continuously regulate and control in the prior art.
[05] The technical solution of the present invention for solving the above- mentioned technical problem is as follows. A perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled is provided, sequentially including a substrate, a buffer layer, a seed layer, an artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic layer, and a covering layer from bottom to top. The artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic layer is formed by sandwiching a non-magnetic isolating layer between two composite magnetic layers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy.
The artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic layer has a structure of [Co/Ni|ni/isolating layer/[Ni/Co]nz2. In the composite magnetic layer below the isolating layer, the Ni layer is over the Co layer, and the number of periods N2 of [Ni/Co] is 1-6. In the composite magnetic layer above the isolating layer, the Ni layer is under the Co layer, and the number of periods N1 of [Co/Ni] is 1-6.
[06] The present invention has the following beneficial effects. A perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic structure is formed by sandwiching a non-magnetic metal layer between two magnetic layers partially perpendicular. In a perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction, a pinning relationship between the traditional single-layer antiferromagnetic material and ferromagnetic material may be replaced and directly used as a reference layer in p-SV. Since the magnetic moments of the two magnetic layers of the perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic structure are opposite and cancel each other, the net magnetic moment is very small or even close to zero. Therefore, so as long as the interlayer coupling is not overcome, the magnetic moment is difficult to flip under the influence of an external magnetic field, and the p-SV may achieve a very large flip field difference. The influence of a stray magnetic field on a free layer may also be ignored, thus avoiding the problem that a loop of the free layer deviates from an origin due to the magnetostatic coupling in a spin valve with a single reference layer. By regulating the isolation thickness of the middle layer and parameters of the magnetic layers, the antiferromagnetic coupling strength between the two ferromagnetic layers may be changed, thus achieving continuous regulation and control of a p-SV exchange bias field.
[07] Based on the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention may be further improved as follows.
[08] Further, the number of periods N2 of [Ni/Co] is 1-3, and the number of periods N1 of [Co/Ni] is 1-3.
[09] Further, in the artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic layer, the Co layer has a thickness of 0.25-0.35 nm, and the Ni layer has a thickness of 0.35-1.25 nm.
[10] Further, the Ni layer has a thickness of 0.35-0.5 nm.
[11] Further, the isolating layer is made of metal Ir and has a thickness of 0.75- 10.5 nm.
[12] Further, the isolating layer is made of metal Pt, W, Hf, Ta, Ru, Rh, or Pd and has a thickness of 0.75-10.5 nm.
[13] Further, the isolating layer has a thickness of 1-2 nm.
[14] Further, the substrate is a silicon substrate or a glass substrate.
[15] Further, the buffer layer is made of metal Ta and has a thickness of 4.5-5.5 nm.
[16] Further, the seed layer is made of metal Pt and has a thickness of 7.5-8.5 nm.
[17] Further, the covering layer is made of metal Ta and has a thickness of 1-2 nm.
[18] The present invention further provides application of the above-mentioned perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled in preparation of magnetic thin film materials.
[19] The present invention has the following beneficial effects.
[20] 1. By changing the thickness of the non-magnetic isolating layer, local spin coupling of itinerant electrons in the vicinity of the magnetic layer can be caused, which generates an oscillation-decaying RKKY exchange effect through the strength of an exchange coupling field, thus achieving the purpose of regulating the exchange bias field.
[21] 2. When Co/Ni periodic repetitions are accumulated, the number of magnetic coupling interfaces will be increased, and the perpendicular anisotropy energy of the interfaces will be superimposed accordingly. As a result, the effective anisotropy constants of the two composite magnetic layers are changed, thereby finally realizing the continuous regulation and control of an exchange coupling field of a sample.
[22] 3. By changing the thickness of the Ni layer, a magnetic neighbor effect between the isolating layer and the Co layer is affected, whereby the 3d-5d spin-orbit coupling therebetween changes, and the exchange coupling field of the sample is affected.
[23] 4. Since the exchange bias field is continuously adjustable within a large magnetic field range, electronic devices such as a magnetic switch sensor and a current sensor applicable to multiple scenarios may be developed based on the exchange bias field. The magnetic switch sensor has the advantages that sensors with different switching field intervals may achieve a switching function according to actual application scenarios, which makes the device less dependent on the environment.
Similarly, when the current sensor detects the current of an electronic circuit in real life, the current sensor applied to small current detection cannot realize a reliable detection function in a large current environment since the magnitudes of magnetic fields generated by different strong and weak current are in different intervals, whereby the device selection needs to match the measured current range completely.
However, the current sensor based on an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled may realize a sectional detectable function, and has strong selectivity in practical application.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[24] FIG. 1 is a schematic structure diagram of a multilayer film according to the present invention,
[25] FIG. 2 is a graph of an exchange bias field of a multilayer film in Example 1 and Examples 4-16;
[26] FIG. 3 is a graph of an exchange bias field of a multilayer film in Example 1 and Examples 17-19;
[27] FIG. 4 is a graph of an exchange bias field of a multilayer film in Example 1 and Examples 20-24; and
[28] FIG. 5 is a graph of an exchange bias field of a multilayer film in Example 1 and Examples 25-28.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[29] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples are intended to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. Where specific conditions are not specified in the examples, the examples are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions suggested by manufacturers. The reagents or instruments used are not specified by the manufacturers and are conventional products commercially available.
[30] Example 1:
[31] A perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled sequentially includes a Si/SiO; substrate, a Snm Ta buffer layer, an 8nm
Pt seed layer, a 0.3nm Co layer, a 0.5nm Ni layer (the number of periods N2 of [Ni/Co]is 3), a 1.5nm Ir isolating layer, a 0.5nm Ni layer, a 0.3nm Co layer (the number of periods N1 of [Co/Ni] is 3), and a 1.5nm Ta covering layer from bottom to top. (see FIG. 1 for structure)
[32] Example 2:
[33] A perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled sequentially includes a Si/SiO; substrate, a 4.5nm Ta buffer layer, a 7.5nm Pt seed layer, a 0.25nm Co layer, a 0.35nm Ni layer (the number of periods N2 of [Ni/Co] is 1), a Inm Pt isolating layer, a 0.35nm Ni layer, a 0.25nm Co layer (the number of periods N1 of [Co/Ni] is 1), and a Inm Ta covering layer from bottom to top.
[34] Example 3:
[35] A perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled sequentially includes a Si/SiO; substrate, a 5.5nm Ta buffer layer, an 8.5nm Pt seed layer, a 0.35nm Co layer, a 1.25nm Ni layer (the number of periods N2 of [Ni/Co] is 6), a 2nm Rh isolating layer, a 1.25nm Ni layer, a 0.35nm Co layer (the number of periods N1 of [Co/Ni] is 6), and a 2nm Ta covering layer from bottom to top.
[36] Examples 4-16:
[37] In a perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled, an Ir isolating layer has a thickness of 0.75 nm, 2 nm, 3 nm, 4 nm, 4.5 nm, 5 nm, 6 nm, 6.5 nm, 7.5 nm, 8.5 nm, 9 nm, 10 nm, and 10.5 nm, and the rest are the same as those in Example 1.
[38] Examples 17-19:
[39] In a perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled, the number of periods N2 is equal to the number of N1, which is 2, 4, and 5, and the rest are the same as those in Example 1.
[40] Examples 20-24:
[41] In a perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled, the number of periods N1 is equal to 3, the number of periods
N2is 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6, and the rest are the same as those in Example 1.
[42] Examples 25-28:
[43] In a perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled, a Ni layer has a thickness of 0.35 nm, 0.75 nm, 1 nm, and 1.25 nm, and the rest are the same as those in Example 1.
[44] Experimental Example
[45] 1. An exchange bias field (Hex) was measured for the multilayer film in
Example 1 and Examples 4-16 using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and the results are shown in FIG. 2. It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the size of the exchange bias field of the multilayer film varies with the thickness of the isolating layer, and when the thickness of the isolating layer Ir of the multilayer film prepared in Example 1 is 1.5 nm, the exchange bias field may reach 600 Oe.
[46] 2. An exchange bias field (Hex) was measured for the multilayer film in
Example 1 and Examples 17-19 using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and the results are shown in FIG. 3. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that the size of the exchange bias field of the multilayer film is reduced as the number of periods N2 and the number of periods N1 are increased, and when the number of periods N2 and the number of periods NI of the multilayer film prepared in Example 17 are 2, the exchange bias field may reach 1650 Oe.
[47] 3. An exchange bias field (Hex) was measured for the multilayer film in
Example 1 and Examples 20-24 using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and the results are shown in FIG. 4. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the size of the exchange bias field of the multilayer film is reduced as the number of periods N2 is increased, and when the number of periods N2 of the multilayer film prepared in Example 20 is 1, the exchange bias field may reach 2600 Oe.
[48] 4. An exchange bias field (Hex) was measured for the multilayer film in
Example 1 and Examples 25-28 using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and the results are shown in FIG. 5. It can be seen from FIG. 5 that the size of the exchange bias field of the multilayer film is firstly reduced and then increased as the thickness of the Ni layer is increased, and when the thickness of the Ni layer in Example 25 is 0.35 nm, the exchange bias field may reach 690 Oe.
[49] The above descriptions are merely the preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be contained in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

ConclusiesConclusions 1. Kunstmatig synthetische antiferromagnetische meerlaagse koppelingsfilm met loodrechte anisotropie en met een uitwisselingsbiasveld dat in staat is om ononderbroken gereguleerd en bestuurd te worden, die achtereenvolgens een substraat, een bufferlaag, een kiemlaag, een kunstmatig synthetische antiferromagnetische laag en een bedekkende laag van onder tot boven omvat, waarbij de kunstmatig synthetische antiferromagnetische laag gevormd is door het inklemmen van een niet-magnetische isolerende laag tussen twee samengestelde magnetische lagen met loodrechte magnetische anisotropie; waarbij de kunstmatig synthetische antiferromagnetische laag een structuur heeft van [Co/Ni]ni/isolerende laag/[Ni/Colnz; waarbij in de samengestelde magnetische laag onder de isolerende laag, de Ni-laag zich over de Co- laag bevindt, en het aantal perioden N2 van [Ni/Co] 1-6 is; en waarbij in de samengestelde magnetische laag boven de isolerende laag, de Ni-laag zich onder de Co- laag bevindt, en het aantal perioden N1 van [Co/Ni] 1-6 is.1. Artificial synthetic antiferromagnetic multilayer coupling film having perpendicular anisotropy and having an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled, which successively comprises a substrate, a buffer layer, a seed layer, an artificial synthetic antiferromagnetic layer and a covering layer from bottom to top wherein the artificial synthetic antiferromagnetic layer is formed by sandwiching a non-magnetic insulating layer between two composite magnetic layers having perpendicular magnetic anisotropy; wherein the artificial synthetic antiferromagnetic layer has a structure of [Co/Ni]ni/insulating layer/[Ni/Colnz; wherein in the composite magnetic layer under the insulating layer, the Ni layer is over the Co layer, and the number of periods N2 of [Ni/Co] is 1-6; and wherein in the composite magnetic layer above the insulating layer, the Ni layer is below the Co layer, and the number of periods N1 of [Co/Ni] is 1-6. 2. Kunstmatig synthetische antiferromagnetische meerlaagse koppelingsfilm met loodrechte anisotropie en met een uitwisselingsbiasveld dat in staat is om ononderbroken gereguleerd en bestuurd te worden volgens conclusie 1, waarbij in de kunstmatig synthetische antiferromagnetische laag de Co-laag een dikte heeft van 0,25 — 0,35 nm, en de Ni-laag een dikte heeft van 0,35 — 1,25 nm.2. An artificial synthetic antiferromagnetic multilayer coupling film having perpendicular anisotropy and having an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled according to claim 1, wherein in the artificial synthetic antiferromagnetic layer the Co layer has a thickness of 0.25 - 0. 35 nm, and the Ni layer has a thickness of 0.35 - 1.25 nm. 3. Kunstmatig synthetische antiferromagnetische meerlaagse koppelingsfilm met loodrechte anisotropie en met een uitwisselingsbiasveld dat in staat is om ononderbroken gereguleerd en bestuurd te worden volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de isolerende laag gemaakt 1s van metaal Ir en een dikte heeft van 0,75 — 10,5 nm.3. An artificial synthetic antiferromagnetic multilayer coupling film having perpendicular anisotropy and having an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is made 1s of metal Ir and has a thickness of 0.75 - 10.5 nm. 4. Kunstmatig synthetische antiferromagnetische meerlaagse koppelingsfilm met loodrechte anisotropie en met een uitwisselingsbiasveld dat in staat is om ononderbroken gereguleerd en bestuurd te worden volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de isolerende laag gemaakt is van metaal Pt, W, Hf, Ta, Ru, Rh of Pd en een dikte heeft van 0,75 — 10,5 nm.An artificial synthetic antiferromagnetic multilayer coupling film having perpendicular anisotropy and having an exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is made of metal Pt, W, Hf, Ta, Ru, Rh or Pd and has a thickness of 0.75 - 10.5 nm.
NL2035749A 2022-09-07 2023-09-06 Perpendicular anisotropy artificially synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling multilayer film with exchange bias field capable of being continuously regulated and controlled NL2035749B1 (en)

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