NL2033377A - Displacement response measuring device and measuring method under impact environment - Google Patents
Displacement response measuring device and measuring method under impact environment Download PDFInfo
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- NL2033377A NL2033377A NL2033377A NL2033377A NL2033377A NL 2033377 A NL2033377 A NL 2033377A NL 2033377 A NL2033377 A NL 2033377A NL 2033377 A NL2033377 A NL 2033377A NL 2033377 A NL2033377 A NL 2033377A
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- angle sensor
- measuring
- displacement
- rotating shaft
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001442234 Cosa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/004—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring coordinates of points
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a displacement response measuring device and a measuring method under an impact environment. Both ends of a base of the device are connected with an X—direction rotating frame through bearings of an X—direction rotating shaft; the X—direction rotating shaft is clamped with an X—direction angle sensor, and the X—direction angle sensor is fixed on the base; the Xdirection rotating frame is connected with a Z-direction rotating shaft through the bearings, and one end of the Z-direction rotating shaft is clamped with a Z-direction angle sensor; the Z-direction angle sensor is fixed on the X—direction rotating frame, and the Z-direction rotating shaft is connected with a Z-direction rotating block; the Z-direction rotating block is connected with a telescopic displacement sensor, and the end of the telescopic displacement sensor is connected with a connector. The measuring method is: recording a position of a measuring point when the measuring point is not impacted; when the measuring point is impacted, recording values of the telescopic displacement sensor, the Z-direction angle sensor and the X—direction angle sensor at each data acquisition moment in this process, and obtaining a displacement response of the measuring point through a displacement response model. The invention solves problems of an inconvenient installation, a large measurement error and the like of the existing measuring method.
Description
DISPLACEMENT RESPONSE MEASURING DEVICE AND MEASURING METHOD
UNDER IMPACT ENVIRONMENT
The invention relates to impact measurement technology, and in particular to a displacement response measuring device and a measuring method under an impact environment.
Impacts exist widely in aerospace, ships, automobiles and other related fields, so technicians in these fields pay great attention to responses of related equipment or parts after the impacts, so as to solve an impact of the impacts on the equipment or the parts through impact responses. A displacement response is one of the most important parameters in the impact response.
A point in a space may be represented by coordinates of X, Y and Z directions. Therefore, for a measurement of an impact displacement response of the point in the space, three displacement sensors are usually used to measure displacement changes in the X, Y and Z directions in a sampling time, and the displacement response of the point is obtained. This measuring method is simple in structure and intuitive in displacement response data. However, the sensors for measuring horizontal displacements in the X and Y directions must be at a same level as a measured point, so it is inconvenient to install the sensors at any point in a measurement space. In addition, an measurement error is increased by manually installing the sensors in three directions. Patent CN109341506B mentions a three-way displacement measuring device. The device adopts three groups of bases, a telescopic rod and three groups of displacement measuring modules, so that displacement measurements in the three directions may be concentrated together, and the measured point and the telescopic rod may be connected together, and the displacements of the measured point may be obtained through the displacement measuring modules. Because the three directions are perpendicular to each other, when the measuring device is started, the telescopic rod is located at a center of the largest base and perpendicular to a base plane. In order to connect the measured point with the telescopic rod, there must be an enough space between the measuring device and the measured point, so that the measured point is directly above the telescopic rod. The use of this device is inconvenient and flexible because of an additional requirement for an installation position. In addition, a displacement value is obtained by measuring a deformation of an elastic sheet caused by a spring pull through the displacement measuring module. An accuracy of the displacement value of the measured point is disturbed due to an additional spring force.
Purpose: the invention provides a displacement response measuring device and a measuring method under an impact condition, aiming at solving problems of an inconvenient installation, a large measurement error and the like of the existing measuring method.
Technical scheme:
According to the displacement response measuring device, both ends of a base of the device are connected with an X-direction rotating frame through bearings of an X-direction rotating shaft; the X-direction rotating shaft is clamped with an X-direction angle sensor, and the
X-direction angle sensor is fixed on the base; the X-direction rotating frame is connected with a
Z-direction rotating shaft through the bearings, and one end of the Z-direction rotating shaft is clamped with a Z-direction angle sensor; the Z-direction angle sensor is fixed on the X-direction rotating frame, and the Z-direction rotating shaft is connected with a Z-direction rotating block; the Z-direction rotating block is connected with a telescopic displacement sensor, and the end of the telescopic displacement sensor is connected with a connector.
Furthermore, the X-direction rotating frame has a cuboid hollow structure, with shaft holes at both ends in a long side direction and Z-direction bearing holes at both ends in a short side direction.
Furthermore, the Z-direction rotating shaft has a stepped shaft structure, with a pin hole in a middle, and a first plane at one end with a smaller diameter, and the first plane is clamped with the Z-direction angle sensor.
Furthermore, the X-direction rotating shaft is clamped with the X-direction angle sensor through a second plane of a connecting pin.
Furthermore, one end of the connector is provided with a joint bearing, and the other end is provided with a threaded hole; the threaded hole is fixedly connected with the end of the telescopic displacement sensor, and the joint bearing is used for connecting a measured piece.
A measuring method of the displacement response measuring device under the impact environment,
S1, setting the base and the X-direction rotating frame at a horizontal position, and setting the position when the telescopic displacement sensor is vertical and fully retracted as an initial position of the device;
S2, fixing the base on an installation basis of measured equipment, and connecting the connector with a measuring point of the measured equipment, and recording values of the telescopic displacement sensor, the Z-direction angle sensor and the X-direction angle sensor at this time to obtain the position of the measuring point of the measured equipment when the measuring point is not impacted; and
S3, generating a space displacement with the measuring point when the measured equipment is impacted, and recording the values of the telescopic displacement sensor, the Z- direction angle sensor and the X-direction angle sensor at each data acquisition moment in this process, and obtaining a displacement response of the measuring point through a displacement response model.
Further, the displacement response model is: the initial position O is expressed as:
P=[0001] a transformation matrix of an elongation m in a Y-direction, a rotation angle a around an X axis and the rotation angle B around a Z axis is as follows: one ole 0 6 00 osf sing DD) + … 1 #8 {omer soe © | so 8 oom OO 6d Ld saw cose OD 1 0 mo L006 LDD OL, the location A of the connector is expressed as:
P' = PT = [-mcosasinB mcosacosB msina 1], where m, a and B are measured by the telescopic displacement sensor, the X-direction angle sensor and the Z-direction angle sensor respectively, and the rotation angles a and B are positive counter clockwise and negative clockwise.
Beneficial effects: (1) the displacement response measuring device under the impact condition provided by the invention is small in size and convenient to install, and may be connected with any point of the measured equipment; (2) the displacement response measuring device under the impact condition provided by the invention has advantages of an integrated arrangement of the sensors, no external force interference and a high measurement accuracy; and (3) the displacement response measuring device under the impact condition provided by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to manufacture.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the present invention along an axis of a piece 3.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the present invention along an axis of a piece 7.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a piece 1.
Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a piece 2.
Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a piece 3.
Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a piece 6.
Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of a piece 7.
Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of a piece 10.
Reference numbers: 1. base, 1-1. vertical plate, 1-2. X-direction bearing hole, 2. X-direction rotating frame, 2-1. shaft hole, 2-2. Z-direction bearing hole, 3. Z-direction rotating shaft, 3-1. pin hole, 3-2. first plane, 4. Z-direction rotating block, 5. telescopic displacement sensor, 6. connector, 7. X- direction rotating shaft, 7-1. large diameter end, 7-2. small diameter end, 7-3. connecting pin hole, 8. Z-direction angle sensor, 9. X-direction angle sensor, 10. connecting pin, 10-1. cylindrical end, 10-2. second plane, 11. pin shaft, 12. Z-direction bearing, 13. X-direction bearing.
The present invention is described in more detail with reference to following drawings.
As shown in Figs. 1-3, a displacement response measuring device under an impact environment according to the present invention includes a base 1, an X-direction rotating frame 2, a Z-direction rotating shaft 3, a Z-direction rotating block 4, a telescopic displacement sensor 5, a connector 6, an X-direction rotating shaft 7, a Z-direction angle sensor 8, an X-direction angle sensor 9, a connecting pin 10, a pin shaft 11, X-direction bearings 12 and Z-direction bearings 13.
As shown in Fig. 4, the base 1 has an inverted n-shaped structure, and two ends of a bottom plate of the base 1 are fixedly provided with vertical plates 1-1 with bearing holes 1-2.
As shown in Fig. 5, the X-direction rotating frame 2 has a cuboid hollow structure, with shaft holes 2-1 at both ends in a long side direction and Z-direction bearing holes 2-2 at both ends in a short side direction.
As shown in Fig. 8, the Z-direction rotating shaft 3 has a stepped shaft structure, with a pin hole 3-1 in a middle, and a first plane 3-2 at one end with a smaller diameter, so that a cross section of this end is an incomplete circle.
As shown in Fig. 2, the Z-direction bearings 12 are installed at both ends of the Z-direction rotating shaft 3, and the Z-direction bearings 12 are installed in the Z-direction bearing holes 2-2 of the X-direction rotating frame 2. The Z-direction angle sensor 8 is fixed on an outer surface of the long side of the X-direction rotating frame 2, and a shape of a central hole of the Z-direction angle sensor 8 is the same as a cross-sectional shape of a first plane 3-2 end of the Z-direction rotating shaft 3, so that the first plane 3-2 end of the Z-direction rotating shaft 3 is matched with the central hole of the Z-direction angle sensor 8, and an internal angle measuring mechanism of the Z-direction angle sensor 8 is driven to rotate through the first plane 3-2. The Z-direction rotating block 4 is installed at a middle position of the Z-direction rotating shaft 3. As shown in
Fig. 3, the pin shaft 11 connects the Z-direction rotating shaft 3 with the Z-direction rotating block 4, and the telescopic displacement sensor 5 is installed on the Z-direction rotating block 4.
As shown in Fig. 7, the connector 6 is provided with a joint bearing 6-1 and a threaded hole 6-2. Since the joint bearing 6-1 may swing in a certain range, the connector 6 may be arbitrarily connected with a measured piece within a allowed swing range of the joint bearing. Through the threaded hole 6-2, the connector 6 is installed at the end of the telescopic displacement sensor 5.
As shown in Fig. 8, the X-direction rotating shaft 7 has a cylindrical structure and is 5 provided with a large diameter end 7-1, a small diameter end 7-2 and a connecting pin hole 7-3.
As shown in Fig. 9, the connecting pin 10 has a bar-shaped structure, with a cylindrical end 10-1 and a second plane 10-2, and the end with the second plane 10-2 has an incomplete circular cross section.
As shown in Fig. 3, the large diameter end 7-1 of the X-direction rotating shaft 7 is installed in each shaft hole 2-1 of the X-direction rotating frame 2 by screws, and the small diameter end 7-2 is installed with each X-direction bearing 13. the X-direction bearings 13 are installed in the bearing holes 1-2 of the base 1. The X-direction angle sensor 9 is installed on the outer surface of one vertical plate 1-1 of the base 1, and the shape of the central hole of the X-direction angle sensor 9 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the second plane 10-2 end of the connecting pin 10. The cylindrical end 10-1 of the connecting pin 10 is installed in the connecting pin hole 7-3, and the second plane 10-2 end may be matched with the central hole of the X-direction angle sensor 9; and the X-direction rotating shaft 7 drives the internal angle measuring mechanism of the X-direction angle sensor 9 to rotate through the second plane 10- 2 of the connecting pin 10.
Further, a measuring method under an impact condition according to the present invention is described. The displacement response measuring device under the impact environment of the present invention may set the base 1 and the X-direction rotating frame 2 at a horizontal position, and set the position when the telescopic displacement sensor 5 is vertically and completely retracted as an initial position of the device. The device is fixed on an installation basis of measured equipment through the base 1, and the connector 6 is connected with a measuring point of the measured equipment. At this time, the telescopic displacement sensor 5 is extended, and the Z-direction rotating block 4 and the Z-direction rotating shaft 3 rotate, so that the Z-direction angle sensor 8 generates an angle value; and the X-direction rotating frame 2 and the X-direction rotating shaft 7 rotate, so the X-direction angle sensor 9 generates the angle value. Data acquisition equipment is used to record the values of the telescopic displacement sensor 5, the Z-direction angle sensor 8 and the X-direction angle sensor 9 at this time, so that the position of the measuring point of the measured equipment is obtained when the measured equipment is not impacted. When the measured equipment is impacted, the measuring point of the measured equipment has a spatial displacement due to an own deformation of the measured equipment or a vibration damping effect of a vibration isolator; during an impact process, when the measuring device is not impacted relative to the measured equipment, the telescopic displacement sensor 5 is continuously extended and shortened; the
Z-direction rotating block 4 and the Z-direction rotating shaft 3 rotate continuously, so that the Z-
direction angle sensor 8 generates a variable angle value; and the X-direction rotating frame 2 and the X-direction rotating shaft 7 rotate continuously, so that the X-direction angle sensor 9 generates the variable angle value. The data acquisition equipment records the values of the telescopic displacement sensor 5, the Z-direction angle sensor 8 and the X-direction angle sensor 9 at each data acquisition moment in this process, and obtains a displacement response of the measuring point at each data acquisition moment in the impact process through a data analysis.
A specific calculation method of a displacement response model is as follows, as shown in
Fig. 1. At this time, a position A of the connector 6 is the position where the connector 8 is connected with the measuring point when the measured equipment is not impacted. Compared with the initial position O, that is the position when the base 1 and the X-direction rotating frame 2 are in the horizontal position and the telescopic displacement sensor 5 is vertically and completely retracted, the position A of the connector 6 changes as follows: an elongation m in the Y-direction, a rotation angle a around an X axis and the rotation angle B around a Z axis, and then the position A of the connector 6 is obtained by a following matrix equation: the initial position O is expressed as:
P=[0001]; a transformation matrix of the elongation m in the Y-direction, the rotation angle a around the X axis and the rotation angle B around Z axis is as follows: one oir wo 6 Oiosd sing DO) ae | & 1 8 8 | ose sine Ù : so aaf 00
U BL 08 sine cosa OO ¢ 1 0) 0 How 00 0 0 LD 9 GL
The location A of the connector is expressed as:
P' = PT = [-mcosasinB mcosacosB msina 1], where m, a and B are measured by the telescopic displacement sensor, the X-direction angle sensor and the Z-direction angle sensor respectively, and the rotation angles a and B are positive counter clockwise and negative clockwise.
Similarly, coordinates of a point A relative to the initial position at each data sampling moment in the impact process, that is the displacement response of the measuring point under the impact condition, may be obtained by the above matrix formula.
The displacement response measuring device under an impact environment according to the invention skilfully uses the angle sensors to convert a horizontal displacement into a rotating angle, and converts collected data into data expressed by a rectangular coordinate system which is easy to understand through the transformation matrix.
The data acquisition equipment and the sensors mentioned in the above embodiments are existing devices.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate a technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that an essence of the corresponding technical solutions does not deviate from a scope of technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention by modifying the technical solutions described in the above-mentioned embodiments, or equivalently replacing some or all of the technical features.
Claims (7)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111391306.0A CN114001903A (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Displacement response measuring device and measuring method under impact environment |
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| NL2033377A true NL2033377A (en) | 2023-06-13 |
| NL2033377B1 NL2033377B1 (en) | 2023-11-16 |
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| CN119803374A (en) * | 2025-03-13 | 2025-04-11 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Bridge displacement monitoring system and method based on tie rod angle displacement meter |
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| CN114001903A (en) | 2022-02-01 |
| NL2033377B1 (en) | 2023-11-16 |
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