NL1033808C1 - Absorbents based on natural oils and derivatives. - Google Patents
Absorbents based on natural oils and derivatives. Download PDFInfo
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- NL1033808C1 NL1033808C1 NL1033808A NL1033808A NL1033808C1 NL 1033808 C1 NL1033808 C1 NL 1033808C1 NL 1033808 A NL1033808 A NL 1033808A NL 1033808 A NL1033808 A NL 1033808A NL 1033808 C1 NL1033808 C1 NL 1033808C1
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- polymerized
- oil
- gases
- solids
- natural
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000299507 Gossypium hirsutum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003026 cod liver oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012716 cod liver oil Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000004426 flaxseed Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 AICI3) Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001417501 Lobotidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012718 coordination polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/20—Organic adsorbents
- B01D2253/202—Polymeric adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2257/7027—Aromatic hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Description
ΊΊ
Titel: Absorptiemiddelen op basis van natuurlijke oliën en afgeleiden.Title: Absorbents based on natural oils and derivatives.
Inleidingpreface
De behoefte aan schone gassen, vloeistoffen en vaste stoffen neemt de laatste jaren sterk toe en zal de komende 5 jaren alleen maar groeien. Men kan daarbij denken aan waterzuivering, bodemsanering, luchtzuivering, aromaat-verwijdering uit olie etc. Dit heeft er toe geleid dat onderzoek op deze werkgebieden sterk is geïntensiveerd.The need for clean gases, liquids and solids has increased sharply in recent years and will only grow in the coming 5 years. One can think of water purification, soil remediation, air purification, removal of aromatics from oil etc. This has led to a great deal of intensification of research in these areas.
Het is algemeen bekend dat actief kool wordt gebruikt in 10 allerlei zuiveringsprocessen, bij voorbeeld als filtermateriaal voor het ontkleuren van organisch chemische verbindingen. Nadelen van actief kool zijn o.a. het beperkte absorptievermogen (afhankelijk van de deeltjesgrootte en porositeit) en een bewerkelijk proces voor hergebruik 15 (stomen). De opnamecapaciteit is veelal een fractie van het eigen gewicht.It is well known that activated carbon is used in all kinds of purification processes, for example as a filter material for decolouring organic chemical compounds. Disadvantages of active carbon include the limited absorption capacity (depending on the particle size and porosity) and a laborious process for reuse (steaming). The absorption capacity is often a fraction of the own weight.
Petrik claimt een sterke verbetering in absorberende eigenschappen van olie, petroleumproducten, cycloalkanen, aromaten en andere chemische verontreinigingen door koolstof 20 nanokristallen te gebruiken, voorzien van C1-C5 radicalen (EP 1247856). Tevens is een systeem beschreven waarin de koolstofdeeltjes kunnen worden uitgeperst en hergebruikt. Middels deze methode zouden olie, petroleumproducten en chemische verontreinigingen uit vloeistoffen en/of uit gas 25 en/of van oppervlakten kunnen worden verwijderd. De efficiëntie van het product verschilt sterk per afvalstroom. Er worden geen indicaties gegeven over de opnamecapaciteit.Petrik claims a strong improvement in the absorbing properties of oil, petroleum products, cycloalkanes, aromatics and other chemical contaminants by using carbon 20 nanocrystals, provided with C1-C5 radicals (EP 1247856). A system has also been described in which the carbon particles can be pressed out and reused. By this method, oil, petroleum products and chemical contaminants could be removed from liquids and / or from gas and / or from surfaces. The efficiency of the product varies greatly per waste stream. No indications are given about the recording capacity.
Een ander bekend absorbent voor vloeistoffen en gassen zijn de moleculaire zeven (zie b.v. WO2007/0186677) . Deze 1033808 2 bevatten kleine uniforme poriën. De poriegrootte bepaalt welk molecuul wordt geabsorbeerd (kleine moleculen) en welke worden doorgelaten (de grote moleculen). Een bekende toepassing van moleculaire zeven is het drogen van organische oplosmiddelen.Another known absorbent for liquids and gases are the molecular sieves (see e.g. WO2007 / 0186677). These 1033808 2 contain small uniform pores. The pore size determines which molecule is absorbed (small molecules) and which are let through (the large molecules). A known application of molecular sieves is the drying of organic solvents.
5 Het kan tot 22% van het eigen gewicht aan water opnemen. Daarnaast worden moleculaire zeven vaak gebruikt in de petroleumindustrie voor de zuivering van gasstromen. Regenereren van moleculaire zeven varieert van verhitting tot hoge druk/lage druk reiniging.5 It can absorb up to 22% of its own weight in water. In addition, molecular sieves are often used in the petroleum industry for the purification of gas streams. Regeneration of molecular sieves varies from heating to high pressure / low pressure cleaning.
10 De laatste jaren worden voor de verwijdering van organisch chemische stoffen uit water filtratiesystemen gebruikt die voorzien zijn van macro poreuze polymeren (b.v.In recent years, for the removal of organic chemicals from water, filtration systems have been used which are provided with macro-porous polymers (e.g.
EP 0044051 en US 7048878). De polymeren zijn opgebouwd uit klassieke monomeren, zoals styreen, butadieen, etheen en 15 propeen. Deze copolymeren kunnen selectief organische componenten opnemen en kunnen na uitpersen worden hergebruikt. Daarnaast kan de polymeerfilter worden gecombineerd met antimicrobiële verbindingen, waardoor water in principe in één stap kan worden gezuiverd (WO 03023156).EP 0044051 and US 7048878). The polymers are composed of classical monomers, such as styrene, butadiene, ethylene and propylene. These copolymers can selectively incorporate organic components and can be reused after pressing. In addition, the polymer filter can be combined with antimicrobial compounds, whereby water can in principle be purified in one step (WO 03023156).
20 Daarnaast worden er allerlei natuurlijke (rest)producten ingezet als absorptiemiddel voor organisch chemische producten. Veel toegepaste absorbenten zijn katoenvezels, turf, zaagsel, boomschors en pulp. Deze producten kunnen, afhankelijk van de poriegrootte en de chemische samenstelling, 25 tot 8 keer het oorspronkelijke gewicht aan organische verontreiniging opnemen. Daarna worden de restanten afgevoerd of verbrand. Hergebruik van de natuurlijk absorptiemiddelen wordt wel mogelijk gemaakt door deze te verwerken in matten (b.v. DE 10244122). Deze matten zijn op zichzelf goed te 30 gebruiken, maar zijn relatief duur, niet volledig recyclebaar en zullen toch naar verloop van tijd moeten worden vervangen als gevolg van beschadiging.20 In addition, all kinds of natural (residual) products are used as an absorbent for organic chemical products. Commonly used absorbents are cotton fibers, peat, sawdust, bark and pulp. Depending on the pore size and chemical composition, these products can absorb 25 to 8 times the original weight of organic contamination. The residues are then removed or burned. Reuse of the natural absorbents is made possible by processing them in mats (e.g. DE 10244122). These mats are easy to use on their own, but are relatively expensive, not fully recyclable and will nevertheless have to be replaced over time due to damage.
33
Oogmerk van de uitvindingObject of the invention
Hoewel er zeer veel producten op de markt zijn die organisch chemische verbindingen kunnen absorberen uit gassen, 5 vloeistoffen en vaste stoffen, is een grote behoefte aan een product dat: • volledig is opgebouwd uit natuurlijke grondstoffen • hoge opnamecapaciteit heeft • hoge selectiviteit biedt 10 · herbruikbaar is • makkelijk verwerkbaar en inzetbaar is op bestaande systemen • en economisch verantwoord is.Although there are very many products on the market that can absorb organic chemical compounds from gases, liquids and solids, there is a great need for a product that: • is entirely made up of natural resources • has a high absorption capacity • offers high selectivity 10 · is reusable • is easy to process and can be used on existing systems • and is economically justified.
15 Beschrijving van de uitvindingDescription of the invention
Natuurlijke oliën en vetten zoals sojaolie, zonnebloemolie, slaolie, lijnzaadolie en talgvet en de afgeleide vetzuren en esters, in het bijzonder glycerol- en 20 methylesters, zijn zeer goed beschikbaar. Ze bevatten één of meer dubbele koolstofbindingen in de alkylketen. Deze dubbele bindingen kunnen in theorie in oneindig veel nieuwe producten worden omgezet, bij voorbeeld door hydrogenering of oxidatie. Daarnaast kunnen dubbele koolstofbindingen 25 polymerisatiereacties aangaan. Dit polymerisatieproces zou kunnen worden gerealiseerd middels radicalen (b.v. peroxides, azoverbindingen, zwavel (beter bekend als vulkanisatie)), kationen (b.v. AICI3) , anionen (b.v. MAO, butyllithium) of coördinatie polymerisatiekatalysatoren (b.v. Ziegler-Natta 30 types).Natural oils and fats such as soybean oil, sunflower oil, lettuce oil, linseed oil and tallow fat and the derived fatty acids and esters, in particular glycerol and methyl esters, are very well available. They contain one or more double carbon bonds in the alkyl chain. These double bonds can in theory be converted into infinitely many new products, for example by hydrogenation or oxidation. In addition, double carbon bonds can enter into polymerization reactions. This polymerization process could be accomplished by radicals (e.g., peroxides, azo compounds, sulfur (better known as vulcanization)), cations (e.g., AICI3), anions (e.g., MAO, butyl lithium) or coordination polymerization catalysts (e.g., Ziegler-Natta 30 types).
Gepolymeriseerde natuurlijke oliën, vetzuren en esters zijn commercieel goed beschikbaar en worden in velerlei gebieden toegepast, bij voorbeeld als vulstof, rubberadditieven, verfadditief en coatings.Polymerized natural oils, fatty acids and esters are commercially available and are used in many fields, for example as filler, rubber additives, paint additive and coatings.
44
Aanvraagster heeft verrassenderwijs gevonden dat gepolymeriseerde natuurlijke oliën, zuren en esters uitstekend in staat zijn om organische verbindingen te verwijderen uit gassen, vloeistoffen en vaste stoffen. De uitvinding zal 5 hierna worden toegelicht met een aantal voorbeelden, onder toepassing van methodes die representatief zijn voor absorptiemiddelen. Deze voorbeelden dienen uitsluitend ter toelichting en niet ter beperking van de geclaimde beschermingsomvang van de onderhavige uitvinding.The applicant has surprisingly found that polymerized natural oils, acids and esters are excellently capable of removing organic compounds from gases, liquids and solids. The invention will be explained below with a number of examples, using methods representative of absorbents. These examples are for illustrative purposes only and not to limit the claimed scope of the present invention.
1010
Voorbeeld 1Example 1
Water is regelmatig vervuild met brandstof, bij voorbeeld diesel, of olie. De absorberende eigenschappen van 15 gepolymeriseerde natuurlijke olie zijn onderzocht door een 250 ml bekerglas te vullen met 100 ml demiwater. Vervolgens wordt er 1 gram diesel toegevoegd, gevolgd door 0,5 gram polymerisatieproduct. Het mengsel wordt 30 seconden geschud. Daarna wordt het monster visueel beoordeeld.Water is regularly contaminated with fuel, for example diesel, or oil. The absorbent properties of polymerized natural oil have been investigated by filling a 250 ml beaker with 100 ml of demineralised water. Then 1 gram of diesel is added, followed by 0.5 gram of polymerization product. The mixture is shaken for 30 seconds. The sample is then visually assessed.
2020
Tabel 1Table 1
Polymerisatie product Waarnemingen_Polymerization product Observations_
Gevulkaniseerde Volledige opname van de diesel, raapzaadolie__schone waterfase_Vulcanized Complete intake of the diesel, rapeseed oil__clean water phase_
Gevulkaniseerde Volledige opname van de diesel, castorolie__schone waterfase_Vulcanized Complete intake of the diesel, castor oil__ clean water phase_
Peroxide gecrosslinkte Volledige opname van de diesel, castorolie__schone waterfase_Peroxide crosslinked Full intake of the diesel, castor oil__ clean water phase_
Peroxide gecrosslinkte Volledige opname van de diesel, sojaolie__schone waterfase_Peroxide cross-linked Full intake of the diesel, soybean oil, and clean water phase
Peroxide gecrosslinkte Volledige opname van de diesel, olelnezuur__schone waterfase_Peroxide crosslinked Full uptake of the diesel, oleic acid _clean water phase_
Het experiment heeft aangetoond dat gepolymeriseerde 25 natuurlijke olie en vetzuren in staat zijn om organische verbindingen te absorberen uit de waterfase. De waterfase is 5 volledig vrij van diesel, wat bevestigd is met IR-analyse. Als gevolg is de geur van diesel ook volledig verdwenen.The experiment has shown that polymerized natural oil and fatty acids are capable of absorbing organic compounds from the aqueous phase. The water phase is completely free of diesel, which has been confirmed by IR analysis. As a result, the smell of diesel has also completely disappeared.
Na opname en filtratie kan het absorbent worden uitgeperst en worden hergebruikt. Dit kan vele keren worden 5 uitgevoerd zonder merkbaar verlies aan activiteit. Afhankelijk van het oppervlak van de polymeren (lees fijnheid van het vaste product) kan het tot 15 keer het eigen gewicht aan diesel opnemen.After absorption and filtration, the absorbent can be pressed out and reused. This can be done many times without noticeable loss of activity. Depending on the surface of the polymers (read fineness of the solid product) it can absorb up to 15 times its own weight of diesel.
10 Voorbeeld 2Example 2
Recentelijk is gebleken dat het economisch interessant wordt om olie te winnen uit oliehoudende grond. Om de toepasbaarheid van gepolymeriseerde natuurlijke olie en 15 vetzuren in dit gebied te testen is het volgende experiment uitgevoerd. 100 gram speelzand wordt gemengd met 0,5 gram minerale olie (viscositeit 70 cSt bij 40 °C). Vervolgens wordt er 0,5 gram absorbent toegevoegd en grondig geroerd met een spatel.It has recently become apparent that it is becoming economically interesting to extract oil from oil-containing soil. The following experiment was conducted to test the applicability of polymerized natural oil and fatty acids in this area. 100 grams of sand is mixed with 0.5 grams of mineral oil (viscosity 70 cSt at 40 ° C). Then 0.5 grams of absorbent is added and thoroughly stirred with a spatula.
20 Opvallend is dat tijdens het roeren het zand steeds droger aanvoelt, wat duidt op absorptie van olie. Daarnaast is de karakteristieke geur van de minerale olie verdwenen.It is striking that the sand feels drier during stirring, which indicates oil absorption. In addition, the characteristic odor of the mineral oil has disappeared.
Na vijf minuten roeren wordt 100 ml water toegevoegd. Na oproeren met water slaan de met olie verzadigde 25 absorbentdeeltjes neer.After stirring for five minutes, 100 ml of water is added. After stirring with water, the oil-saturated absorbent particles precipitate.
Alle producten, beschreven in Tabel 1, vertonen vergelijkbaar absorptiegedrag. Hiermee is aangetoond dat gepolymeriseerde natuurlijke oliën en vetzuren kunnen fungeren als hulpstof voor het verwijderen (of winnen) van olie uit 30 oliehoudende grond.All products described in Table 1 exhibit similar absorption behavior. With this it has been demonstrated that polymerized natural oils and fatty acids can act as an auxiliary for removing (or extracting) oil from oil-containing soil.
Voorbeeld 3Example 3
Daarnaast zijn gepolymeriseerde natuurlijke oliën en 35 vetzuren onderzocht als filtermateriaal in sigarettenfilters. Hiertoe is klein deel van het middenstuk verwijderd en vervangen door een deel absorbent. Vervolgens is de filter van de sigaret aangesloten op een vacuümpompje. Daarna is de sigaret aangestoken en wordt iedere 30 seconden kortstondig 6 aangezogen. Nadat de sigaret is opgerookt, worden de filters open gemaakt en visueel beoordeeld.In addition, polymerized natural oils and fatty acids have been investigated as filter material in cigarette filters. To this end, a small part of the center piece has been removed and replaced with a part absorbent. The cigarette filter is then connected to a vacuum pump. The cigarette is then lit and 6 is sucked in briefly every 30 seconds. After the cigarette has been smoked, the filters are opened and visually assessed.
De eindtip van een normaal sigarettenfilter is na gebruik bruin gekleurd. Na toevoeging van een gepolymeriseerde 5 natuurlijke olie of vetzuur is de eindtip niet van kleur veranderd ten opzichte van een ongerookte sigaret. Het tussenstuk is in die gevallen aanmerkelijk vuiler dan een tussenstuk van een normaal sigarettenfilter. Dit experiment geeft aan dat gepolymeriseerde natuurlijke oliën en vetzuren 10 chemische verontreinigingen uit sigarettenrook kunnen absorberen.The end tip of a normal cigarette filter is colored brown after use. After the addition of a polymerized natural oil or fatty acid, the end tip has not changed color compared to an un-smoked cigarette. In that case, the adapter is considerably more dirty than an adapter of a normal cigarette filter. This experiment indicates that polymerized natural oils and fatty acids can absorb chemical contaminants from cigarette smoke.
Voorbeeld 4 15 Er is tevens bestudeerd of gepolymeriseerde natuurlijke oliën en vetzuren zouden kunnen fungeren als filtermateriaal in luchtfliters, bij voorbeeld voor het afvangen van kerosinedamp. Om dit te testen is een 250 ml erlenmeyer gevuld met 25 ml kerosine. De erlenmeyer wordt afgesloten met een 20 glasfilter. Op het glasfilter bevindt zich 5 gram gepolymeriseerde natuurlijke olie of vetzuur. De erlenmeyer wordt vervolgens voorzichtig verwarmd op een kookplaat tot ca. 50 °C. Ook na langdurig verwarmen wordt de karakteristieke geur van kerosine niet waargenomen. Dit toont aan dat 25 gepolymeriseerde natuurlijke oliën en vetzuren in staat zijn om organische gassen/dampen te absorberen.Example 4 It has also been studied whether polymerized natural oils and fatty acids could function as filter material in air flashers, for example for capturing kerosene vapor. To test this, a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask was filled with 25 ml kerosene. The conical flask is closed with a glass filter. There are 5 grams of polymerized natural oil or fatty acid on the glass filter. The Erlenmeyer flask is then gently heated on a hob to approx. 50 ° C. Even after prolonged heating, the characteristic odor of kerosene is not observed. This shows that polymerized natural oils and fatty acids are capable of absorbing organic gases / vapors.
Voorbeeld 5 30 Minerale oliën bevatten altijd een bepaalde hoeveelheid polycyclische aromaten (PCA's). Het is aangetoond dat deze verbindingen carcinogeen zijn. Als gevolg wordt het gebruik van minerale olie in allerlei toepassingen aan strenge regelgeving onderworpen. In Zweden mag alleen olie van een 35 zeer hoge kwaliteit worden gebruikt in de productie van autobanden. In Duitsland wordt minerale olie als additief voor kunstmest op korte termijn verboden als gevolg van de aanwezigheid van de PCA's.Example 5 Mineral oils always contain a certain amount of polycyclic aromatics (PCAs). These compounds have been shown to be carcinogenic. As a result, the use of mineral oil in all kinds of applications is subject to strict regulations. In Sweden only oil of a very high quality may be used in the production of car tires. In Germany, mineral oil is banned as an additive to fertilizer in the short term due to the presence of the PCAs.
77
Er is dus behoefte om minerale olie op een eenvoudige wijze te kunnen ontdoen van PCA's. Om dit te testen is een PCA-rijke olie opgebracht op een chromatografiekolom met absorbent op basis van gepolymeriseerde natuurlijke oliën of 5 vetzuren. Het filtraat is geanalyseerd met behulp van gaschromatografie. Er is waargenomen dat het aromaatgehalte zeer sterk is gereduceerd ten opzichte van de onbehandelde minerale olie.There is therefore a need to be able to easily remove mineral oil from PCAs. To test this, a PCA-rich oil was applied to a chromatography column with absorbent based on polymerized natural oils or fatty acids. The filtrate was analyzed by gas chromatography. It has been observed that the aromatics content has been greatly reduced compared to the untreated mineral oil.
10338081033808
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Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL1033808A NL1033808C1 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2007-05-04 | Absorbents based on natural oils and derivatives. |
| PCT/NL2008/000123 WO2008136661A1 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2008-05-05 | Absorbents on the basis of natural oils and derivatives |
| EP08766700A EP2152635A1 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2008-05-05 | Absorbents on the basis of natural oils and derivatives |
| NL1035377A NL1035377C2 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2008-05-05 | Absorbents based on natural oils and derivatives. |
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| NL1033808A NL1033808C1 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2007-05-04 | Absorbents based on natural oils and derivatives. |
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| NL1033808A NL1033808C1 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2007-05-04 | Absorbents based on natural oils and derivatives. |
| NL1035377A NL1035377C2 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2008-05-05 | Absorbents based on natural oils and derivatives. |
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| BRPI1103089A2 (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-07-10 | Laurencio Cuevas Perlaza | absorbent material for use in oily effluent removal and process for producing absorbent material for use in oily effluent removal |
| WO2017181217A1 (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-10-26 | Flinders University Of South Australia | Metal adsorbent material and uses thereof |
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| US3929631A (en) * | 1968-04-30 | 1975-12-30 | Aniela Winkler | Compositions and systems to recover oils from aqueous and solid surfaces |
| WO1982002342A1 (en) * | 1980-12-30 | 1982-07-22 | Carlon C Chambers | Removal of hydrocarbon compositions |
| JPH05222358A (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1993-08-31 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | Oil-absorbing material |
| US6521131B1 (en) * | 1996-12-16 | 2003-02-18 | Solmetex, Inc. | Combined oxidation and chelating adsorption system for removal of mercury from water |
| CA2277163C (en) * | 1997-01-10 | 2005-05-10 | Abtech Industries, Inc. | Systems for ameliorating aqueous hydrocarbon spills |
| US6180010B1 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 2001-01-30 | Mother Environmental Systems, Inc. | Removal of organic contaminants from an aqueous phase using filtration media infused with an absorbent composition |
| US7264722B2 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2007-09-04 | Mycelx Technologies Corporation | Filtration system |
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| EP2152635A1 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
| NL1035377A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
| NL1035377C2 (en) | 2010-02-05 |
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