MXPA06007961A - Tripping mechanism. - Google Patents

Abstract

Described is a mechanism for tripping an automatic weapon, having the option to swap from a semiautomatic to an automatic tripping mode, the invention including a hammer, a trigger, a trip lever and a selecting mechanism. In the semiautomatic mode, the hammer is retained by the trip lever and maintained under tension when the trigger is released. When the automatic mode is selected, the trip lever and the trigger are displaced to an inactive position while are restricted by the selector axis, which acts as a restricting motion element.

Description

SHOOTING MECHANISM OBJECT OF THE INVENTION This is a firing mechanism directed to the armory and, in particular, to an assault rifle with several firing modes, in such a way that the firing mechanism, object of the invention, allows select insurance positions, semi-automatic shooting (shot to shot) and automatic shooting (burst).

BACKGROUND Within the various firing mechanisms that are known in the middle of weapons, most of these consist of a relatively simple mechanism: an impact piece known as a hammer, which is retracted under the action of a percussion spring, until it is retained. The hammer is retained and released by the action of a trigger. A safety device is used to prevent movements of any of the elements of this firing mechanism even when said safety device will make the system more complicated. Weapons designed for automatic selective operation include a switch used to decouple the connection between the trigger and the hammer, immediately after each shot. That is, it performs the interruption function when the trigger is still active or pressed since the last shot while the weapon is ready to fire again. As a consequence of the fact that the automatic weapons have been designed for continuous firing, they are provided with systems of automatic release of the hammer, as long as the trigger remains activated in the position of continuous fire. This system is undoubtedly relatively complicated. The firing mechanisms should have, in a certain way, only a few parts, in addition to being functionally safe and durable as much as possible; better yet, be very resistant to failures in extreme conditions and insensitive to poor care. The firing mechanisms should also be as light as possible and the individual parts, simple and inexpensive to manufacture, seeking to avoid variations in the components that may cause unexpected or undesirable interactions; This is due to the fact that multiple uses are required in automatic weapons, such as shooting mode selection, which makes them commonly complex.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIG. 1. Longitudinal section of the trigger mechanism according to the invention. FIG. 2. Longitudinal section of the trigger mechanism in safe mode. FIG. 3. Longitudinal section of the firing mechanism in semiautomatic mode. FIG. 4. Longitudinal section of the trigger mechanism in automatic mode. FIG. 5. Longitudinal section of the firing mechanism in locking mode. FIG. 6. Rear view of the selection device in insurance mode. FIG. 7. Rear view of the selection device in semiautomatic mode. FIG. 8. Rear view of the selection device in automatic mode. FIG. 9. Isometric view of the hammer. FIG. 10. Isometric view of the dock of the sear. FIG. 11. Isometric view of the packaging.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention consists of a trigger mechanism that allows the selection of firing mode in a simple and safe way. The invention is developed as an improvement to known and used trigger mechanisms. However, it is intended that the invention can be used in any type of rifle, submachine guns or machine guns. In the following specifications it should be understood that certain position assignments such as "on", "forward", "backward" are made with reference to a weapon in normal use position with a horizontally disposed barrel axis. Backwards and forwards are used relative to the direction of fire, in the same way that downwards and upwards are used in relation to the line of fire. Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the complete handle 1, in which a handle 2 manufactured in a plastic injection mold is shown. The upper part of the handle 2 is formed by a closed box of the four sides and of the lower part where it is molded. A trigger mechanism 3 according to the invention is housed inside the box through a package 4 made of plastic (figure 11), this link is a characteristic of the invention, since it is the main link of the system's kinematic reference. The packing 4 is made of polymer, its main function is to give support and flexibility to the mobile elements of the trigger mechanism. It also allows the assembly and disassembly of the system to be carried out in a simple and systematic way. The complete handle 1 is mounted on the lower part of the receiver of a rifle by means of a pair of bolts. A closure support 5 is a moving part that runs inside the rifle's mechanism cage and is actuated by the action of a lever for the assembly of the system, or after each shot, its movement is forward of the position shown (Figure 1) from which the gun is in the position to be fired in a direction transverse to as shown in the complete handle 1. The closure support 5 has a pair of slots 6 running along its entire length. The rear part of the slot is blocked by a projection switch 7 formed in the closure support 5. A striker 8 is seen in the rear, normal to the surface of the closure support 5. When hit by a hammer 9, the hammer 8 is traversed forward to reach the cartridge capsule placed in the breech, a process known to all those who know the armory. An automaticity latch 10 is mounted on a shaft 11 which in turn is supported by the pair of holes 4a of the package 4 and is reached by the projection switch 7, causing it to rotate forward. The automaticity latch 10 made of plastic has a pair of extensions 12 as fingers arranged on each of its sides; these extensions run inside the slots 6 of the closure support 5. The pair of extensions 12 is permanently positioned upwards by a spring 13 (figure 10), this spring is a characteristic of the invention, since it allows to maintain the latch automaticity 10 backwards and downwards (figure 5), allowing automatic shooting when the weapon is activated in that firing mode (this firing mode is described later). When the closure support 5 is located in the frontal position shown (Figure 1), the projection switch 7 applies a force to sink the extensions of the automaticity latch 12 forcing it to go forward. The automaticity latch 10 includes a projection section 14 disposed in a manner opposite to the finger-shaped extensions 12 and on the axis 11 where this automaticity latch 10 rotates. In the position shown (Fig. 1), the projection switch 7 of the closure support 5 forces the automaticity latch 10 to move forward with the consequent movement of the projection section 14 also forward. The percussion system is formed by a spring of double spring 15 of wire which assembles in a found way on a central axis that turns out to be the same axis 16 of the hammer 9 supported by the pair of holes 4b and is crimped in the rear part of the hammer 9. This double-spring spring has two stilts, both resting on a shaft 17 which is the same axis of the trigger 18 and of the firing lever 19 mounted on the pair of holes 4c. Each spring grants 50% of the total force required to drive the hammer 9. The hammer 9 (figure 9) is geometrically and essentially comprised of two sections: the head part 9a and the rounded part of the body 9b. The rounded part of the body 9b is mounted on a shaft 16 for its rotational action; this axis, like the axis 11 of the automaticity latch 10, are secured by the side walls of the gasket 4, the hammer 9 is in the middle of the spring of double spring 15 and on the same axis 16. The spring 15 holds the hammer 9 and takes it from the position shown in figure 2 to the advanced position shown in figure 1. The hammer 9 is made of metal. This provides the hammer 9 with the adequate mass to hit the striker 8 with the necessary force provided by the double spring 15. The portion of the hammer 9b has a front slot called the first slot or trigger slot 20 and subsequently has a second slot. latch slot or latch slot 21 also located at the beginning of the rounded surface. The hammer 9 has a depression 22 formed between the head 9a of the hammer and the detent groove 21 which generally defines the transition between the head part 9a and the body 9b.

A feature of the invention is the use of a second depression 23 in the hammer 9 located between the first and second slots, which allows access to the different options of the selection mode. The hammer 9 can occupy a relaxed end position, which is shown in Figs. 1; in this position, the hammer is approximately vertical and rests directly on the rear part of the closure support 5. The head 9a is the part that drives the hammer 8; the automaticity latch 10 at this moment is balanced forward by the projection switch 7 of the closure support 5. The hammer 9 is rotated backwards by the movement of the closure support 5 and its movement ends until it reaches its maximum position tension in which it rests approximately horizontally (figure 5), allowing the closure support 5 to slide over it. When the closure support 5 is in that position, the automaticity latch 10 rotates backward resting on the outer circumference of the hammer 9 between the first 20 and second slots 21. When the closure support 5 slides back forward it releases the hammer 9, which has a minimum forward rotation (counterclockwise in the drawing), until the projection section 14 engages in the groove of the sear by retaining the hammer 9 momentarily. When the closure support 5 reaches the final frontal position shown in the figures (1 to 4), the projection switch 7 is pressed against the extensions of the automaticity latch 12 forcing it forward (counterclockwise in the drawing) such that the projection section 14 is forced out of the detent groove 21. This allows the hammer 9 to impact the striker 8.

If the weapon is in semi-automatic or single-shot mode (Figures 2 and 3), then the hammer 9 moves forward only to allow the trigger slot 20 to engage with the pawl 24 of the trigger 18 as described below . The trigger 18 is rotatably mounted on a shaft 17 and located rearwardly and slightly downwardly of the axis of the hammer 16. The packing 4 is traversed by the trigger shaft 17 on which the trigger 18 is pivotally mounted. The trigger 18 is made of metal and has a slot in the upper part to house the trigger lever 19. One part of the trigger body is housed and the rest outside the grip. The front part of the trigger 18 forms a pawl 24. The upper groove of the trigger body has a retention housing 25 which provides support to the spring 26; moreover, this slot acts as an actuator for the firing lever 19. The trigger 18 has a pair of lateral protrusions 18a (Figure 6) on which rests a double spring 28 which provides the necessary pressure to the trigger 18 to keep it in place. position shown in figure 1. The double spring 28 mounted on the trigger 18 is constructed with a double stilted torsion spring, one of which rests on one of the protuberances 29 arranged one on top of the other on the sides of the piece of packing 4, while the other stilt rests on the body of the retainer 30 forcing the trigger to its original position forward, ready to be actuated by the shooter. In the upper groove of the trigger body 18, the firing lever 19 is housed extending longitudinally forward. The trigger lever 19 has a transverse hole 31 which allows the same axis of the trigger 17 to be used, in such a way that the trigger 18 can be rotated a few degrees relative to the horizontal. The trigger lever 19 is made of metal and its rear part forms a limb, which can be actuated by the cross section of the trigger body. The coil spring 26 operates under compression and runs vertically below the axis of the trigger 17 at the end of the firing lever 19, relative upwards and downwards with the trigger 18. From the rest position of the trigger 18 and the firing lever 19, shown in figure 1, the firing lever 19, under the action of the trigger spring, located in its lowest position. The trigger slot 20 is captured by the pawl 24 and, under the contact of the upper part of the trigger 18, the firing lever 19 remains fixed. If the trigger 18 is driven backwards to effect a firing (in figures 1 and 2 this is not possible because the latch is in operation, which will be described later), then the trigger 18 remains immobile because the ratchet 24 has crimped the trigger slot 20 and is where the shooter feels the "pressure point". If the trigger 18 continues to be actuated, then the ratchet 24 of the trigger 18 rotates downwardly releasing the trigger slot 20. In advance, the closure support 5, present in its most advanced position, retains the automaticity latch 10 forward as it was explained above and allows the free movement of the hammer 9 to impact against the firing pin 8, releasing the firing. The trigger 18 is meanwhile held in that position by the axis of the selector (situation that will be explained later). When the hammer 9 is in the final impact position, the trigger slot 20 is not against the ratchet 24 of the trigger. The firing lever 19 is in the same way moved forward by its spring 26 until the nail of the lever 32 is beyond its natural position (figure 1). Simultaneously, the trigger 18 is pressed down on its front part (the ratchet portion 24) until the pawl 24 rests below the lower round part of the hammer body 9, below the trigger 20 slot. The phase occurs just at the moment of the shot, which is shown in figure 3. Due to the deflagration of the cartridge, the closing support 5 back again towards the back, the hammer 9 is pressed again, then, the trigger slot 20 positions near the ratchet 24 of the trigger in a lower position (figure 3). Due to the forward movement of the closing block 5, the hammer 9 can again rotate until the nail of the hammer 33 fits perfectly into the nail of the trigger lever 32, remaining in this position until the shooter operates the trigger allowing this so that the nail of the lever 32 releases the nail of the hammer 33. At this time the hammer 9 rotates in the counterclockwise direction until the trigger slot 20 engages in the ratchet 24 of the trigger, ready to be balanced by the action of the trigger. If the trigger 18 is pressed again, the process described above is carried out by continuing the fire. In the case of the last cartridge, the process detailed above occurs in the same way, except that during the return of the closure support 5, the stroke of the latter is interrupted by the action of the finger of the retainer 34, which is driven towards up by action of the lifting tile, which in turn is pressed by the spring of the loader (both not shown); this nail is surrounded by the automaticity latch (10), the closing head impacts on the anterior part of the retaining nail 34 obstructing the stroke of the closure support 5 and thereby allowing the chamber to remain open after the last shot.

If the weapon is in the automatic continuous fire mode (Figure 4), both the trigger lever 19 and the trigger 18 never obstruct the rotation of the hammer 9. When the next cartridge is deflagrated, the recoil generated by the action of the The gas again activates the movement described for the closure support 5. Even though the release lever 19 and the trigger 18 allow free rotation of the hammer, it is controlled to some degree by the automaticity latch 10 as described below. As in the semi-automatic shot, the trigger slot 20 is captured by the ratchet 24 of the trigger and, under the contact of the upper part of the trigger 18, the firing lever 19 remains fixed. If the trigger 18 is driven back to effect firing, said component remains immobile because the pawl 24 has crimped the trigger groove 20 (Figure 1). If the trigger 18 continues to be actuated, then the ratchet 24 of the trigger 18 rotates downwardly releasing the trigger slot 20. In advance the closure support 5, present in its most advanced position, retains the automaticity latch 10 forward as shown in FIG. previously explained allowing the free movement of the hammer 9 to impact against the hammer 8 and release the shot. The trigger 18 is meanwhile held in that position by the axis of the selector (situation that will be explained later). When the hammer 9 is in the final impact position (Figure 1), the trigger slot 20 is not crimped to the ratchet 24 of the trigger. The firing lever 19 is of the same shape, displaced forward by the coil spring 26 until the nail of the lever 32 is beyond its natural position. Simultaneously, the trigger is pressed down on its front part (the part of the ratchet 24) until the ratchet rests below the lower round part of the hammer 9 and between the slots 20 and 21. This phase occurs just at the moment of the shot, which is shown in figure 4. Due to the deflagration of the cartridge, the closing support 5 retracts again, the hammer 9 is pressed again, then the trigger slot 20 is positioned near the ratchet 24 of the trigger in a lower position. When the closure support 5 moves forward, the hammer 9 can rotate again without the nail of the hammer 33 engaging in the nail of the lever 32, due to the retracted position of the firing lever 19, so that the hammer 9 continues its movement during the displacement towards the front of the closure support 5. When the closure support 5 exceeds the position of the hammer 9, the projection switch 7 still does not make contact with the automaticity latch 10, so that it, when in its relaxed position it obstructs the hammer 9 by means of the projection section 14, thus preventing the hammer 9 from accompanying the closure support 5 during its movement towards the front. Before the closure support 5 reaches the frontal position shown, the projection switch 7 makes contact with the extensions 12. This forces the automaticity latch 10 to go to the front and consequently the projection section 14 also moves towards the front, achieving with this that the hammer 9 is released again, allowing the free movement of the latter to hit the hammer 8 and effect the firing. If the trigger 18 is held down, the process described above proceeds continuously. When the last cartridge is deflagrated, the same situation described above occurs for the semiautomatic draft, allowing the chamber to remain open after the last shot.

In the present firing mechanism, the options of "safe", "semi-automatic shot" and "automatic shooting" are governed by the position that the axis of the selector 35 can adopt as described below. According to figure 6, a shot selector shaft 35 assembles on a selection flap 36, whereby an ambidextrous selection device mounted on the holes 4d is obtained. The selector shaft 35 has an arrangement of cuts that allow it to restrict movement in the firing lever 19 and the trigger 18. In the "safe" position, the final projection 37 of the firing lever 19 and the final flange 38 of the trigger slot 18 are obstructed by the cylindrical part 39 of the selector shaft 35. In the "safe" position, any movement of the rest of the trigger mechanism components is restricted with the exception of the hammer 9 and the automaticity latch. When the closing support 5 is carried backwards by the action of the arming lever, the hammer 9 is retracted to a quasi-horizontal position and the automaticity latch 10 moves back slightly due to the action of the spring of the latch 13. (figure 5). When the closure support 5 returns to the frontal position shown (Figure 1), the trigger slot 20 engages the pawl 24 as described above. Due to the position of the axis of the selector 35, it is not possible for the shooter to trigger the trigger 18, thus preventing the operation of the firing mechanism. In the "semi-automatic shot" position (FIG. 7) the final projection 37 of the firing lever 19 and the end flange 38 of the trigger slot 18 are obstructed by the cut 40 (FIG. 6) made in the middle part of the shaft. of the selector 35 which allows the trigger 18 together with the trigger lever 19 to rotate beyond their natural position (figure 1) giving rise to the operating cycle described above for this case.

In figure 8 the selection device is shown in "automatic shooting" mode, the axis of the selector 35 is oriented in such a way that the cuts 41 (figure 7) point downwards horizontally (figure 8). This position allows the end flange 38 of the trigger slot to rotate beyond its natural position; however, due to the projection 42, resulting from the cuts 41 restricts the movement of the final projection 37 of the trigger lever 19, preventing the nail of the trigger lever 32 from engaging in the nail of the hammer during operation of the firing mechanism. 33 thus allowing automatic shooting (figure 4). According to figure 7, the fixing of the selection device in each of the above-described options is possible thanks to the housings 43 having the axis of the selector 35. Each time the axis of the selector is rotated in each position, a locating pin 44, under the action of a helical spring 45, engages in one of the housings 43 in each position. The force provided by the coil spring 45 allows the shooter to distinguish and ensure the orientation of the selection device in the desired position (Figures 5, 6 and 7).

Claims (1)

CLAIMS Having been sufficiently described the invention, it is considered as a novelty and therefore it is claimed as exclusive property contained in the following clauses:

1. A trigger mechanism consisting mainly of a package (4) that supports a hammer (9), a trigger (18) in which a trigger lever (19) is housed; an automaticity latch (10) that has a spring (13) that allows it to stay back and down; a retaining finger (34) is surrounded by the automaticity latch (10); a selector shaft (35) that assembles in a selection flap (36) to form a selection system supported by the package (4) and the handle (2) simultaneously; characterized in that it allows the operation of the weapon in three modes: safe, semiautomatic shooting and automatic shooting; in the safe mode, the selector shaft (35) has a cylindrical surface (39) which restricts the displacement of a limb (37) disposed on the firing lever (19) and a final flange (38) disposed on the trigger (18) preventing thereby that a ratchet section (24) of the trigger releases the slot (20) of the hammer (9); to operate the weapon in semiautomatic shooting the hammer (9) has a pair of slots (20) and (21) and a depression (23) that interact with the ratchet (24) of the trigger, in conjunction with the nail of the hammer ( 33) and the lever nail (32); in automatic mode, the automaticity latch (10) has its own spring (13), which allows the spring-securing system to be normally maintained backwards and downwards in its natural state, this automaticity latch (10) includes a projection section (14) that keeps the hammer (9) retracted until the closing support (5) (bolt) reaches its final position to hit the firing pin (8); finally, the nail of the retainer (34) driven by the lifting tile of the magazine allows the breech of the weapon to remain open after executing the last shot by obstructing the displacement of the closure support (5) by means of the closing head. A triggering mechanism as mentioned in claim 1, characterized in that the package (4) made of plastic, supports and flexibility to the mobile elements of the trigger mechanism to have holes (4a), (4b), (4c) ) and (4d) in its walls that allow the accommodation of the axes (11) of the automaticity latch (10), (16) of the hammer (9), and (17) of the trigger (18) and of the trigger lever (19); it also supports the selection system formed by the selector shaft (35) and the selection flap (36) through a larger bore diameter (4d) than the previous ones; besides simplifying the assembly and disassembly of the system. A trigger mechanism as mentioned in claim 1, characterized in that it includes an ambidextrous selection system formed by a selector shaft (35) and a selection flap (36) which allows the selection of the triggering modes of both the Right side as well as the left one without the need to separate the hand from the handle, having on both sides of the handle the selection flaps (36) of the firing mode.