MXPA01008091A - Light, extruded compositions containing a light, extrudable, ceramic carrier, methods for their use, and processes for their preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides light, extruded compositions and methods for their preparation. The light, extruded compositions comprise at least one agricultural compound;a light, extrudable, ceramic carrier;and at least one surface active agent. The present invention also provides a method for applying agricultural compounds to the water of paddy fields by localized application(s) of the light, extruded compositions to the water surface of the paddy fields.

Description

LIGHTWEIGHT COMPOSITIONS, EXTRUDED, CONTAINING A LIGHT, EXTRIBUTED CERAMIC CARRIER, METHODS FOR ITS USE AND PROCESSES FOR ITS PREPARATION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Solid agricultural compositions that can be applied to the water surface of paddy fields are known in the art (see, for example, U.S. 5,833,733 and JP 6-321704). The U.S. 5,833,733 describes agrochemical formulations for application on the surface of water. These formulations require: (1) a solid core material having an apparent specific density of less than 1 and a particle diameter in the range of about 300 μm to about 1,400 μm; and (2) at least one oily substance. However, this patent does not disclose any extruded formulation. It is difficult to prepare extruded formulations containing broad particle sizes of low density carriers because the long low density particles are not completely stable under the conditions encountered during extrusion processes. Furthermore, the use of oily substances is not completely satisfactory because the oily substances can reduce the uniformity of the extruded composition and / or can decrease the instantaneous point of the finished product. JP 6-321704 describes pesticidal formulations for the application of the water surface. The formulations described in JP 6-321704 require vitreous bodies, hollows having the average particle diameter of 100 μm or less. However, that application does not describe any extruded formulations. It is difficult to prepare extruded formulations containing vitreous, hollow bodies because the vitreous, hollow bodies are not completely stable under the conditions encountered during the extrusion processes. It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide an extruded light composition that avoids the use of low density carriers having a particle range of about 300 μm to 1400 μm, oily substances; and / or vitreous bodies, hollows. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for applying at least one agricultural compound in the water of rice fields by applying a light, extruded composition on the water surface of the rice fields. It is a further object of this invention to provide a process for the preparation of a light, extruded composition. Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description and the appended claims.

COMPENDIUM OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a light, extruded composition comprising at least one agricultural compound; a ceramic carrier, lightweight, extrudable; .and at least one surfactant. The present invention also relates to a method for applying at least one agricultural compound in the water of paddy fields whose method comprises applying on the water surface of the rice fields a light, extruded composition comprising at least one agricultural compound, a ceramic carrier, lightweight, extrudable; 15 and at least one surfactant. The present invention further provides a process for the preparation of the light, extruded compositions of this invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION. The light, extruded compositions of this invention comprise at least one agricultural compound; a ceramic carrier, lightweight, extrudable; and at least one surfactant. 25 The light, extruded compositions of the present ? nJ cutaqp? invention are those which comprise at least one agricultural compound, a ceramic carrier, lightweight, extrudable; at least one surfactant agent; a mineral carrier; and a binder. The most preferable light, extrudable compositions of the present invention are those which comprise, on a weight-to-weight basis, about 0.5% to 75% of one or more agricultural compounds; about 15% to 90% of a light, extrudable ceramic carrier; about 2% to 20% of one or more surfactants; about 1% to 30% of a mineral carrier; and about 0.1% to 10% of a binder. The most preferable light, extruded compositions of this invention are those comprising, on a weight-to-weight basis of about 1% to 60% of one or more agricultural compounds; about 20% to 60% of a ceramic carrier, lightweight, extrudable; about 2% to 15% of one or more surfactants; about 1% to 15% of a mineral carrier; and approximately 0.5% to 5% of a binder. The light, extrudable ceramic carrier is an especially important element of the present compositions due to: J l) the light, extrudable ceramic carrier, of lower density in the compositions, and (2) the ceramic carrier, light extrudable without losing its property • - "H" - desirable low density when subjected to the process steps used to prepare the compositions of this invention. In contrast, hollow vitreous bodies, which are used in conventional lightweight solid compositions, are not completely stable under the conditions covered during the preparation of the extruded, lightweight compositions. In particular, the vitreous, hollow bodies are not completely stable in the shear forces and pressure encountered in the process which includes an extrusion step. The lightweight, extrudable ceramic carriers suitable for use in this invention include ceramic carriers having a lower density than the medium in which the light, extruded compositions are applied. The lightweight, extrudable, ceramic carrier typically has a density less than 1 g / cm 3, and preferably has a density from about 0.5 g / cm 3 to 0.8 g / cm 3. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light, extrudable, ceramic carrier is prepared by: (1) heating a naturally occurring mineral composition which comprises silicon oxide (IV), aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, iron (III) and titanium oxide (IV); (2) selected particles, which have a density from about 0.5 g / cm3 to 0.8 g / cm3; and (3) sieving the particles to obtain a light, extrudable ceramic carrier having a desired particle size range. In another preferred embodiment of this invention, the extrudable light ceramic carrier is prepared from a composition comprising, on a weight-to-weight basis, about 50% to 60% silicon oxide (IV), about 25% to 45%. % aluminum oxide, approximately 0.1% to 6% calcium oxide, approximately 0.1% to 3% iron (III) oxide and approximately 0.1% to 2% titanium (IV) oxide to ensure that the ceramic carrier lightweight, extrudable retains its desired low density property, the ceramic, lightweight extrudable carrier preferably has a pressure resistance (> 40% survival) greater than about 150 kg / cm2, and more preferably greater than about 500 kg / cm2. The lightweight, extrudable ceramic carrier of the present invention preferably has an average particle size of about 20 μm to 300 μm, and most preferably, about 100 μm to 250 μm. Examples of lightweight, extrudable ceramic carriers suitable for use in the compositions of this invention include the E-SPHERES line of commercially available hollow ceramic spheres from Taiheiyo Cement, Tokyo, Japan. Agricultural compounds suitable for use in light, extruded compositions of this invention include, but are not limited to, herbicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, molluscicides, plant growth regulators, insurers, algicides and mildewicides and mixtures thereof. Herbicides suitable for use in the compositions of this invention include, but are not limited to 2,4-D, 2,4-D-2-ethylhexyl, 2,4-D-isobutyl, 2, 4-D-butyl, 2,4-D-calcium, 2,4-D-dimethylammonium, 2,4-D-diolamine, 2,4-D-isooctyl, 2-D-isopropyl, 2, 4-D-potassium, 2,4-D-sodium, 2,4-D-trolamine, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, bentazone, benzophenap, bifenox, bromobutido, butachlor, cafenstrol, chlormetoxin, clornitrofen, chlor-thiamid, cinmethilin, cinosulfuron, clomeprop, cyclo sulfamuron, sodium salt of cyclosulfamuron, cyhalofop-butyl, dimethoperate, dimethamethrin, dithiopyr, dimron, esprocarb, ethoxysulfuron, etobenzanid, fentrazamid, imazosulfuron, MCPA, MCPA-butyl, MCPA-calcium, MCPA-dimethylammonium, MCPA- isooctyl, CPA-potassium, CPA-sodium, MCPB, CPB-ethyl, MCPB-sodium, MCPCA, mefenacet, molinate, naproanilide, oxadiazon, oxaziclomefona, pendimetalin, pentoxazone, piperophos, pretilanchlor, prometryn, propanil, pyrazolate, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, Pyrazoxifen, Pyributicarb, Symmetrin, Swep, Tenilchlor, and Thiobencarb, and mixtures thereof. Ciclosulfamuron, cafenstrol, and dimron and mixtures thereof are preferred herbicides for use in the compositions of this invention.

Insecticides suitable for use in the compositions of this invention include, but are not limited to, acephate, alpha-cypermethrin, benfuracarb, bensultap, BPMC, buprofezin, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, cartap, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenvinphos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorpyrifos, cyanopheres, cycloprotrin, diazinon, dimethoate, dioxabenzophos, disulfoton, EPN, etofenprox, fenitrothion, fention, furathiocarb, isoprocarb, methyl isothiocyanate, isoxation, malation, methomyl, metolcarb, monocrotophos, nitenpyram, fentoate, pirimiphos-ethyl, pirimiphos- methyl, propafos, propoxur, pyraclofos, piridafention, quinalfos, tetra-chlorvinfos, thiociclam, thiodicarb, trichlorfon, vamidotion, XC, xililcarb, and 1- [1- (p-chlorophenyl) -2-fluoro-4- (4-fluoro -3-phenoxyphenyl) -2-butenyl] -cyclopropane (R, S) - (Z), and mixtures thereof. Suitable fungicides for use in the compositions of this invention include, but are not limited to benomyl, captan, diclomezine, ediphenphos, phenoxanyl, ferimzone, flutolanil, talid, iprobenfos, iprodione, isoprothiolane, kasugamicin, kasugamicin hydrochloride, mepronil, metalaxyl, metominostrobin, oxolinic acid, pencycuron, probenazole, pyroquilon, tecloftalam, thiophanate-methyl, TPN, tricyclazole-, triflumizole, and validamicin, and mixtures thereof. Suitable surfactants for use in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkylnaphthalenesulfonates, lignosulfonates, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates, condensates. -alkylnaphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulphates, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphates, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether sulphates, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether phosphates, polycarboxylates, tripolyphosphates Sodium, hexameta phosphates, phenolsulfonates, alkyl sulphates, dialkylsulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfates and acetylene glycols and mixtures thereof. Preferred surfactants include alkylnaphthalenesulfonate such as a sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate and the like; polycarboxylates; condensates naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde such as a condensate of sodium naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde and the like; and dialkyl sulfosuccinates such as a sulfonated sodium alkylalkylate and the like; and mixtures thereof. Suitable mineral carriers for use in the compositions of this invention include, but are not limited to, bentonites such as calcium bentonite and sodium bentonite; montmorillonite clays; kaolin clays; diatomaceous earth; and talc; and mixtures thereof.

Sodium bentonite is a preferred mineral carrier. < < Mia? ÉiBfiiaÉiaiáasa¡ -., - ... ..

Suitable binders for use in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, cellulose-based binders such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, and the like; dextrin; starches; poly (vinyl alcohol); sodium alginate; Sodium polyacrylate; and gums such as xanthan gum, elan gum, gum arabic and the like; and mixtures thereof. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose is a preferred binder. The present invention also provides herbicidal compositions for the control of undesirable plant species in the presence of rice plants. Preferred herbicides for the control of undesirable plant species in the presence of rice plants include cyclo sulfamuron, cafenstrol, dimron, pentoxazone, fentrazamid, dithiopyr, oxaziclomephone, clomeprop, and cinmethilin, and mixtures thereof. Preferred herbicidal rice blends for use in the compositions of this invention include: mixtures of cyclosulfamuron / cafenstrol / dimron; mixtures of cyclosulfamuron / pentoxazone; mixtures of cyclosulfamuron / phentrazamid / dimron; mixtures of cyclosulfa-muron / dithiopyr; cyclosulfamuron / oxaziclomene mixtures; mixtures of cyclosulfamuron / oxaziclomene / clomeprop; and mixtures of cyclosulfamuron / cinmethilin.

A preferred herbicidal composition of this invention comprises, on a weight-to-weight basis, about 0.2% to 7% cyclosulfamuron; about 10% to 20% of cafenstrol; approximately 25% to 35% dimron; 5 about 25% to 45% of a light, extrudable ceramic carrier which: (1) is prepared from a composition comprising silicon oxide (IV), aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, iron (III) oxide and titanium oxide (IV), (2) has an average particle size of about 100 μm to 250 μm, and (3) has a pressure resistance greater than about 150 kg / cm 2; about 4% to 8% of a sodium alkyl naphthalensulfate; about 0.5% to 2% of a mixture of a polycarboxylate and a condensate of sodium naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde; approximately % to 3% of a sulfonated alkylate of sodium alkyl; about 3% to 8% sodium bentonite; and about 1% to 3% sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The light, extruded compositions of this invention can be prepared by: (a) mixing at least one agricultural compound; a ceramic carrier, light extrudable; at least one surfactant agent; optionally a mineral carrier; and optionally a binder with water to obtain an extrudable mixture; 25 (b) Extrude the extrudable mixture from the ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Stage (a) to obtain an extrudate; and (c) drying the extrudate to obtain the light extruded composition of this invention. Advantageously, the lightweight, extrudable ceramic carrier of the present invention is stable during the extrusion process and retains its desirable low density property. In contrast, light, contrast carriers Facts made from materials such as glass and / or having a long average particle size are not completely stable during the extrusion process and lose a significant amount of their desirable low density properties. The light, extruded compositions of this invention may be applied directly to water, soil or other means for the application of the agricultural compound (s). In particular, the extruded light compositions of the present invention are useful for applying agricultural compounds in the water of rice fields. The broad rice application of one or more agricultural compounds can be achieved by the localized application of extruded light compositions of this invention to the water surface of the rice fields. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for applying at least one agricultural compound in the water of rice fields by applying on the water surface of the rice fields a light, extruded composition comprising at least one agricultural compound; an extrudable, lightweight ceramic carrier; and at least one surfactant; The light, extrudable compositions of this invention can be packaged in a water-soluble, contained and applied water-soluble delivery system of the rice fields in soluble water, in packaged form. Water-soluble delivery systems include, but are not limited to, water soluble poly (vinyl alcohol) bags (PBA bags), water soluble paper bags, and water soluble cans and the like. Alternatively, the light, extruded compositions of this invention may be packaged in systems not contained and applied by manual application, by spoonful, aerial or mechanical, of the non-contained system. Systems not contained include, but are not limited to bags, including coated sheet bags, tubes, including paper tubes, and hoppers, either portable or attached to a mechanical applicator, such as a cultivator. To facilitate a further understanding of the invention, the following examples are presented primarily for the purpose of illustrating more specific details thereof. The scope of the invention should not be deemed limited by the examples, although it encompasses the entire subject matter defined in the claims.

EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of light, extruded compositions A mixture of cyclosulfamuron (3.3 g, average particle size less than 20 μm); cafenstrol (15.75 g, average particle size less than 5 μm); dimron (31.50 g); sodium bentonite (4.8 g, particle size range 5-10 μm, commercially available as the bentonite-Na type from Kumnimine Co., Tokyo, Japan); NEWKALGEN WG-1 a sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate (6.0 g, commercially available from Takemoto Oil and Fat Co., Aichi, Japan); and CELLOGEN WS-C a sodium carboxymethylcellulose (1.5 g, commercially available from Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Kyoto, Japan) is mixed to obtain a first mixture. Hollow ceramic spheres E-SPHERES SL-180 (34.15 g average particle size 115 μm, commercially available from Taiheiyo Cement, Tokyo, Japan) are added to the first mixture and mixed to obtain a second mixture. NEWKALGEN TG-285 a mixture of a polycarboxylate and a condensate of naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde sodium (1.0 g, commercially available from Takemoto Oil and Fat Co.); NEWKALGEN EP-70G a sulfonated alkylate of sodium alkyl (2.0 g, commercially available from Takemoto Oil and Fat Co.); and water are added to the second mixture and mixed to i¡¡, -M? fttm! m get an extrudable mix. The extrudable mixture is passed through a basket extruder to obtain the extruded material. The extruded material is dried and sieved to give the extruded, light composition identified as composition 1 in Table I. Using essentially the same process, the light, extruded compositions identified as compositions 2-16 are obtained in Tables I-V.

Ingredient / weight% / weight E-SPHERES / Bento-Cycle-Cafem- NEWKA GBN CK OGBN (Particle size NB ALGKN MBW? GBN Comp. Sulfamurop strole Dimron Sodium wa-i wa-c average Un ») TG-28S EP -70G 3. 30 15.75 31.50 4.80 6.00 1.50 34.15 / 1.00 2.00 (115) 1 3. 30 15.75 31.50 4.80 6.00 1.50 34.15 / 1.00 2.00 (103) 1 3. 30 13.13 26.25 5.00 6.00 1.50 41.82 / 1.00 2.00 C (115) 1 2. 64 12.60 25.20 6.06 6.00 1.50 43.00 / 1.00 2.00 (103) 1 2. 20 10.50 21.00 7.30 6.00 2.00 48.00 / 1.00 2.00 (103) '1 E-SPHERES SL-180 E-SPHERES SL-150 TABLE II Light, Extruded Compositions Ingredient /% weight / weight E-SPHERES SL-lßO / Bensulfuron- Cafem- Bentonite NBWKALGBN CE LOGB (Size of particle NEWKALGBN HBWKALGBN of strole Dimron average ua) Comp. Methyl Sodium WG- M WS-C TQ-285 EP-700 3. 57 14.70 31.50 4.73 6.00 1.50 35.00 / 1.00 2.00 (115) 2. 68 11.03 23.63 5.66 6.00 2.00 46.00 / 1.00 2.00 (115) 2. 15 8.82 18.90 6.63 6.00 2.50 52.00 / 1.00 2.00 (115) 1. 79 7.35 16.75 8.11 6.00 3.00 54.00 / 1.00 2.00 (115) TABLE III ICompositions Lightweight, Extruded Ingredient / weight% / weight E-SPHERES S -180 / Bentonite Cafßn- NB KALGBN CBL OQEN de (Particle size NKWK? LGB NEWKALGE Com". furon-athyl aßttrroo Sodium HO-1 KS-C average a) M TO-285 N BP-70O 2.21 22.10 8.69 8.00 3.00 53.00 / 1.00 2.00 (115) 11 1.47 14.70 13.83 8.00 3.00 S6.00 / 1.00 2.00 (115) 12 1.10 11.00 13.90 8.00 3.00 60.00 / 1.00 2.00 (115) TABLE IV Light, Extruded Compositions Ingredient / weight% / weight E-SPHERES S -180 / Pyro- Mßthomln- Bentonite HKWKALGEN CRLLOGBN (Particle size NBWK? LGBN HBHKALGK on average ua) iilon oßfcrobin Sodium Hß-1 WS-C TG-285 H BP-70G - 2.00 6.00 1.00 38.00 / 1.00 2.00 13 50.00 (115) 14 -. 14 - 50.00 - 2.00 6.00 1.00 38.00 / 1.00 2.00 (115) LD líi - - 50.00 2.00 6.00 1.00 38.00 / 1.00 2.00 (115) TABLE V Light, Extruded Compositions Number 16 composition Ingredient% weight / weight 1- [1- (p-Chlorophenyl) -2-fluoro-4- (4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl) -2- 5.00 butenyl] cyclopropane (R, S) - (Z) Carplex # 80 '12.00 Sodium bentonite 10.00 NEWKALGEN WG-1 8.00 CELLOGEN WS-C 2.00 SPHERES - E SL-180 60 .00 (average particle size 115 μtn) NEWKAliGEN TG-285 1. 00 NEWKALGEN EP-70G 2.00 A precipitated silica TABLE V Light compositions, extruded Composition Number 16 Ingredient% by weight / weight 1- [1- (p-chlorophenyl) -2-fluoro-4- (4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl) -2- 5.00 butenyl] cyclopropane (R, S) - (Z) Carplex dO1 12.00 Sodium bentonite 10.00 NEWKALGEN WG-1 8.00 CELLOGEN WS-C 2.00 E-SPHERES SL-180 60.00 (Average particle size 115 μm) NEWKALGEN TG-285 1.00 NEWKALGEN EP-70G 2.00 1 A precipitated silica EXAMPLE 2 5 Herbicide assessments of light, extruded compositions A field is cultivated, mixed, planted with weeded seeds (identified in the following), and fertilized. Five to six days later, the rice seedlings (Chiyonishiki variety) in the foliage stage of 2.5 10 are transplanted in the prepared field, the field is then divided into test plots of 100 m2 (10 mx 10 m) using pots of plastic and each plot is flooded with j ^ a ^ S ^ water at a depth of 5 cm. Flood levels are maintained at 5 cm throughout the evaluations. 20 g of the composition number 1 of Example 1, and 20 g of the composition number 1 of Example 1 packed in water-soluble poly (vinyl alcohol) bags 20 g / bag are applied at the center of the separate test plots for provide a proportion equivalent to 60 g of cyclo sulfamuron, 300 g of cafenstrol and 600 g of dimron per hectare. After 42 days, the test plots were divided into quarters for herbicide evaluations. These divisions were labeled as follows: point A - southwest quarter, point B northwest, point C - northeast quarter and point D fourth southeast. Each quarter is evaluated by percent grass control compared in a check. The results were summarized in Table VI below. As can be seen from the data in Table VI, the light, extruded composition of the present invention provides control of all grass species through the test plots from a simple application of the composition of the invention to the average of each plot.

GRASS SPECIES Code Name Common Name Scientific Name ECHCR Corral grass Echinochloa crus-galli SCPJU Japanese junk Scirpus juncoides MOOVA Monochoria Monochoria vaginallis LIDPY Common false pyrethrum Lindernia pyxidaria SAGPY Sagittarius Sagittaria pygmaea CYPSE Flatsedge Cyperus serotinus TABLE VI Evaluations of Lightweight, Extruded Composition Herbicides % Weed Control Treatment GRASS SPECIES Point-A Point-B Point-C Point-D Composition 1 ECHCR 100 100 99 100 SCPJU 100 100 98 100 MOOVA 100 100 100 100 LIDPY 99 100 97 97 SAGPY 100 100 100 100 CYPSE 100 100 100 100 Composition 1 ECHCR 100 100 100 100 packed in SCPJU 100 100 100 100 PVA bag MOOVA 100 100 100 100 IDPY 100 95 100 100 SAGPY 100 100 100 100 CYPSE 100 100 100 100 All treatments are applied in a proportion to provide the equivalent of 60 g of cyclosulfamuron, cafenstrol 300 g and dimron 600 g per hectare.

Claims (33)

1. CLAIMS 1. A light, extruded composition comprising at least one agricultural compound; a lightweight, extrudable ceramic carrier; and at least one surfactant.
2. 2. The composition according to the claim 1, which also comprises a mineral carrier and a binder.
3. 3. The composition according to the claim 2, which comprises on a weight basis of approximately 0.5% to 75% of one or more agricultural compounds; about 15% to 90% of the ceramic carrier, lightweight, extrudable; about 2% to 20% of one or more surfactants; about 1% to 30% of the mineral carrier; and about 0.1% to 10% of the binder.
4. 4. The composition according to the claim 1, wherein the lightweight, extrudable ceramic carrier has a density of about 0.
5. 5 g cm3 at 0.8 g / cm3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the light, extrudable ceramic carrier is prepared from a composition comprising a weight basis of about 50% to 60% silicon oxide (IV), about 25%. % to 45% aluminum oxide, about 0.1% to about 6% calcium oxide, about 0.1% to 3% iron (III) oxide and about 0.1% to 2% titanium (IV) oxide.
6. 6. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the light, extrudable ceramic carrier has an average particle size of about 100 μm to 250 μm.
7. 7. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the light, extrudable ceramic carrier has a pressure resistance greater than about 150 kg / cm2.
8. 8. The composition according to the claim 10 1, wherein the agricultural compound is selected from the group consisting of a herbicide, an insecticide, an acaricide, a nematicide, a fungicide, a molluscicide, a plant growth regulator, an insurer, an algicide and a mildewicide and mixtures thereof.
9. 9. The composition according to the claim 8, wherein the herbicide is selected from the group consisting of 2,4-D, 2, -D-2-ethylhexyl, 2, -D-isobutyl, 2,4-D-butyl, 2,4-D -calcium, 2, 4-D-dimethylammonium, 2,4-D-diolamine, 2,4-D-isooctyl, 2,4-D-isopropyl, 2,4-D-potassium, 2,4-D-20 sodium, 2, 4-D-trolamine, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, benzofenap, bifenox, bromobutido, butachlor, cafenstrol, chlormetoxin, clornitrofen, chlor-thiamid, cinmethilin, cinosulfuron, clomeprop, cyclosulfamuron, sodium salt of cyclosulfamuron, cyhalofop -butyl, dimethoperate, 25 dimethamethrin, dithiopyr, dimron, esprocarb, ethoxysulfuron, etobenzanid, fentrazamid, imazosulfuron, MCPA, MCPA-butyl, MCPA-calcium, MCPA-dimethylammonium, MCPA-isooctyl, MCPA-potassium, MCPA-sodium, MCPB, MCPB-ethyl, MCPB-sodium, MCPCA, mefenacet, molinate, naproanilide, oxadiazon, oxaziclomephone, pendimethalin, pentoxazone, piperophos, pretylanchlor, prometryn, propanil, pyrazolate, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyrazoxyphen, pyributicarb, symmetry, s ep, tenylchlor, and thiobencarb, and mixtures thereof; the insecticide is selected from the group consisting of acephate, alpha-cypermethrin, enfuracarb, bensultap, BPMC, buprofezin, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, cartap, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenvinphos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorpyrifos, cyanofenfos, cicloprotrin, diazinon, dimethoate, dioxabenzofos , disulfoton, EPN, etofenprox, fenitrothion, fention, furathiocarb, isoprocarb, methyl isothiocyanate, isoxation, malation, methomyl, metolcarb, monocrotophos, nitenpyram, fentoate, pirimiphos-ethyl, pirimiphos-methyl, propafos, propoxur, pyraclofos, pyridafention, quinalfos , tetra-chlorvinfos, thiociclam, thiodicarb, trichlorfon, vamidotion, XMC, xylilcarb, and 1- [1- (p-chlorophenyl) -2-fluoro-4- (4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl) -2-butenyl] - cyclopropane (R, S) - (Z), and mixtures thereof; and the fungicide is selected from the group consisting of benomyl, captan, diclomezine, ediphenphos, phenoxanil, ferimzone, flutolanil, talid, iprobenfos, iprodione, isoprothiolane, kasugamicin, kasugamicin hydrochloride, mepronil, metalaxyl, metominostrobin, oxolinic acid, pencicuron, probenazole, pyroquilon, tecloftalam, thiophanate-methyl, TPN, tricyclazole, triflumizole, and validamicin, and mixtures thereof.
10. 10. The composition according to the claim I, wherein the agricultural compound is selected from the group consisting of cyclosulfamuron, cafenstrol and dimron and mixtures thereof
11. 11. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of an alkylbenzenesulfonate, one alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, a lignosulfonate, condensed naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensate alkylnaphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde, polyoxyethylene alkylether, polyoxyethylene alkylether, polyoxyethylene alkyletherphosphate, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl, polyoxyethylene alquilarilétersulfato, polyoxyethylene alquilariléterfosfato, polycarboxylate, sodium tripolyphosphate, hexameta phosphate, phenol sulfonate, alkyl sulfate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, alkyl ether sulphate and acetylene glycol and mixtures thereof.
12. 12. The composition according to the claim II, wherein the tesactive agent is selected from the group consisting of an alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, a polycarboxylate, a condensate naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde and a dialkylsulfosuccinate and mixtures thereof.
13. The composition according to claim 12, wherein the surfactant comprises a mixture of a sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, a polycarboxylate, a naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde sodium condensate and a sulfonated sodium alkyl alkylate.
14. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the mineral carrier is selected from the group consisting of calcium bentonite, sodium bentonite, montmorillonite, kaolin clay, pyrophyllite clay, sericite clay, diatomaceous earth and talc and mixtures thereof.
15. 15. The composition according to claim 14, wherein the mineral carrier is sodium bentonite.
16. 16. The composition according to the claim 2, wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, dextrin, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, sodium polyacrylate, xanthan gum, welan gum and gum arabic and mixtures thereof.
17. 17. The composition according to claim 16, wherein the binder is sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
18. 18. The composition according to claim 2, which comprises on a weight basis of about 0.2% to 7% of cyclosulfamuron; about 10% to 20% of cafenstrol; approximately 25% to 35% dimron; about 25% to 45% of a light, extrudable ceramic carrier which: (i) is prepared from a composition comprising on a weight basis of about 50% to 60% silicon oxide (IV), about 25% a 45% aluminum oxide, approximately 0.1 to 6% calcium oxide, approximately 0.1% to 3% iron (III) oxide and approximately 0.1% to 2% titanium (IV) oxide, (ii) has a average particle size of about 100 μm to 250 μm, and (iii) has a pressure resistance greater than about 150 kg / cm 2; about 4% to 8% of a sodium alkyl naphthalensulfate; about 0.5% to 2% of a mixture of a polycarboxylate and a condensate of sodium naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde; about 1% to 3% of a sulfonated alkylate of sodium alkyl; about 3% to 8% sodium bentonite; and about 1% to 3% sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
19. 19. A method for applying at least one agricultural compound in the water of paddy fields comprising applying to the water surface of the rice fields a light, extruded composition comprising at least one agricultural compound; a ceramic, lightweight, extrudable carrier and at least one surfactant.
20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the lightweight, extruded composition further comprises a mineral carrier and a binder.
21. The composition according to claim 19, wherein the light, extrudable ceramic carrier has a density of about 0.5 g / cm3 to 0.8 g / cm3.
22. 22. The composition according to claim 19, wherein the light, extrudable, ceramic carrier is prepared from a composition comprising on a weight basis about 50% to 60% silicon oxide (IV), about 25% to 45% aluminum oxide, about 0.1% to 6% calcium oxide, about 0.1% to 3% iron (III) oxide and about 0.1% to 2% titanium (IV) oxide.
23. The method according to claim 19, wherein the light, extrudable ceramic carrier has an average particle size of about 100 μm to 250 μm.
24. The method according to claim 19, wherein the light, extrudable ceramic carrier has a higher resistance to pressure than approximately 150 kg / cm2.
25. 25. The method according to claim 19, wherein the agricultural compound is selected from the group consisting of a herbicide, an insecticide, an acaricide, a nematicide, a fungicide, a molluscicide, a plant growth regulator, an insurer, an algicide and a mildewicide and mixtures thereof.
26. 26. The method according to claim 19, wherein the agricultural compound is selected from the group consisting of cyclosulfamuron, cafenstrol and dimron and mixtures thereof.
27. 27. The method according to claim 20, wherein the surfactant comprises a mixture of a sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, a polycarboxylate, a naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde sodium condensate and a sodium sulfonated alkylalkylate.; the mineral carrier is sodium bentonite; and the binder is sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
28. The method according to claim 19, wherein the light, extruded composition is packaged in a contained water-soluble delivery system and a light, packaged extruded composition is applied to the surface of the water.
29. The method according to claim 28, wherein the content water soluble delivery system, selected from the group consisting of a water soluble polyvinyl alcohol bag, a water soluble paper bag and a water soluble pot.
30. The method according to claim 19, wherein the light, extruded composition is packaged in an uncontained system and the light, extruded composition not contained in the surface of the water is applied by manual application, by spoonful, aerial or mechanics.
31. 31. The method according to claim 30, wherein the non-contained system is selected from the group consisting of a bag, a tube and a hopper.
32. 32. A process for the preparation of a light, extruded preparation comprising at least one agricultural compound; a ceramic carrier, extrudable, lightweight; and at least one surfactant whose process comprises the steps of: (a) mixing the agricultural compound; the ceramic carrier, lightweight, extrudable; and the surfactant with water to obtain an extrudable mixture; (b) extruding the extrudable mixture from step (a) to obtain an extrudate; and (c) drying the extrudate to obtain the extruded light composition.
33. 33. The process according to claim 32, wherein step (a) further comprises a mineral carrier and a binder. . , jjC ^ M ^ ppjafc