MXPA99004018A - Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass - Google Patents

Abstract

An interlayer and laminated glass having basic functions indispensable for laminated glass, such as transparency, weather resistance, adhesion and penetration resistance and reduced in the whitening of the periphery of the glass even in a highly humid atmosphere. The interlayer is prepared from a plasticized polyvinyl acetal resin film, and when it has a thickness of 0.3 to 0.8 mm and is immersed in 23°C water, it has a haze value of 50%or below after 24 hours.

Description

INTERCAPA FOR LAMINATED GLASS AND LAMINATED GLASS TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass and to laminated glass in which the interlayer film for laminated glass is used.

ART BACKGROUND The laminated glass comprises at least two sheets of glass and a plasticized poly (vinyl butyral) interlayer film interposed therebetween has required fundamental characteristics of the laminated glass. For example, it has good transparency, environmental resistance, adhesion strength, and resistance to penetration. It strongly allows its fragments to disperse. Thus, until now it has been widely used as the windshield of automobiles or buildings, for example.

While laminated glass of this type is excellent in fundamental characteristics such REF. : 30066 as mentioned above and in safety, it is poor in moisture resistance. Thus, when the laminated glass mentioned above is used in a high humidity environment, a problem could arise; that is, the interlayer film in the peripheral region of the laminate could be bleached, because the peripheral edges of the laminated glass are in direct contact with the ambient air.

This opacity phenomenon is associated with the additive used to adjust the adhesion force between the interlayer film and the glass, as mentioned below.

In order for the laminated glass to sufficiently discharge the aforementioned functions, it is necessary to adjust the adhesion force between the interlayer film and the glass so that it falls within a suitable range. Thus, if the adhesion force between the interlayer film and the glass is too weak, the fragments of the glass formed due to the breakage due to an external shock could be detached from the interlayer film and dispersed to increase the risk to damage the bodies of humans and other objects. If, on the contrary, the adhesion force between the interlayer film and the glass is excessively high, the glass and the interlayer film tend to break simultaneously because they receive a shock load after which the accompanying glass fragments fragments of the interlayer film will disperse, thus increasing the risks to damage the bodies of humans and other objects.

On the other hand, when the adhesion force between the interlayer film and the glass is within a suitable range, the breaking of the glass occurs over a large area and results in the concurrent partial interfacial detachment of the interlayer film and the glass of each other and the elongation of the interlayer film, and these phenomena are effective in increasing the resistance against shock and penetration.

In this way, to ensure this, taking a traffic accident that involves, a car as an example, the crash for the driver and / or the passenger could be absorbed., The risk of it being dragged through the broken windshield could be avoided or , in the case of an accident related to a building, the penetration of flying objects against the structure of the window or the dispersion of fragments of broken glass could be prevented, the strength of adhesion between the interlayer film and the glass should be controlled judiciously within that appropriate range.

In view of the foregoing, various adhesion force control agents for the interlayer film have hitherto been investigated to adjust the adhesion force between the interlayer film and the glass at a level within a suitable range.

Thus, for example, the Japanese Publication of Kokoku Sho-46-4270 proposes an interlayer film for laminated glass which comprises a poly (vinyl acetal) resin composition containing from 0.2 to 0.8% by weight of water and a specific amount of a specific metal alkylcarboxylate as a strength control agent. The strength of adhesion between the interlayer film and the glass according to the above purpose is adjusted to an appropriate range by varying the proportions of the metal alkylcarboxylate distributed in the surface layer of the interlayer film and in the inner layer of the interlayer film or varying the water content of the interlayer film.

The interlayer film contains the metal alkylcarboxylate as proposed in the previous publication, however, it is low in moisture resistance, and the laminated glass made using such an interlayer film has a problem in that when left to remain in a high humidity atmosphere, it tends to experience various opacity due to moisture absorption by the interlayer film as the metal alkylcarboxylate content increases because the interlayer film is in direct contact with the air in the peripheral region of laminated glass. The opacity phenomenon of the interlayer film could be avoided by decreasing the amount of the metal alkylcarboxylate as much as possible or avoiding the use thereof, but in such a case, a crucial problem for the laminated glass is that the strength of adhesion between the Interlayer film and the glass exceeds the appropriate range and is ready to allow simultaneous breakage or penetration of the glass and the interlayer film because an external shock load or the like is received.

In the Japanese publication of Kokoku Sho-44-32185, an interlayer film for laminated glass is proposed which comprises a molded poly (vinyl acetal) resin having a water content of 0.1 to 0.8% and containing 0.01 to 3 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the resin, of at least one organic acid selected from monocarboxylic acids containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, dicarboxylic acids containing from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, monoaminomonocarboxylic acids aliphatic lees containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, aliphatic monoamine dicarboxylic acids containing 4 or 5 carbon atoms, citric acid and mixtures of the same.

However, this interlayer film has the disadvantage that the addition of such a carboxylic acid causes the adhesion force to change with the lapse of time. In addition, another problem could arise; the acid could adversely affect the heat resistance and the environmental resistance of the interlayer film.

Japanese Publication Kokoku Sho-48-5772 discloses a laminated glass comprising at least two sheets of glass glued together by means of a poly (vinyl acetal) resin composition typed, said poly (vinyl) resin composition. acetal) plasticized contains the sodium metal salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid containing 10 to 22 carbon atoms.

In addition, in the Japanese Publication of Kokoku Sho-53-18207, the use is proposed of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of a monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acid as an agent for controlling the adhesion strength in the film of interlayer of the plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin.

In either of the above two purposes, a metal salt of a carboxylic acid containing a relatively large number of carbon atoms is used as the adhesion control agent, because such a salt is readily soluble in the pious You spicy content in the interlayer film.

However, when a metal salt of a carboxylic acid containing a large number of carbon atoms is used as the adhesion control agent, a problem arises that the adhesion force between the interlayer film and the Glass changes with the lapse of time. Thus, even when the strength of adhesion is initially adequate, the strength of adhesion will gradually decrease with the lapse of time and the glass will easily experience detachment when it receives a shock.To avoid this decrease in the strength of adhesion, it is necessary to mature the interlayer film storing it in an atmosphere of 40 to 50 ° C for 1 to 2 months, for example, however, because the interlayer film has stickiness and a tendency towards self-adhesion, it is as a matter of fact that the difficulty in storing the interlayer film is such an atmosphere as mentioned above for a long period of time.Even if maturation is performed, the decrease in adhesion strength with the lapse of time may be delayed but can not be made null , and the problem mentioned above still remains.

Japanese Publication Kokai Sho-60-210551 discloses a laminated glass comprising at least two sheets of glass glued together by means of an interlayer film composed of a plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin containing, or carrying as adhered thereto, 0.02 to 0.40 parts by weight of the potassium salt of a monocarboxylic acid containing -1 to 6 carbon atoms and 0.01 to 0.26 parts by weight of a silicone oil modified per 100 parts by weight of said resin. Certain metallic salts, however, could cause the opacity of laminated glass due to its coagulation in the form of particles within the interlayer film. Therefore, from the point of view of the long-term prevention of opacity resulting from absorption to moisture, laminated glass can not be the one mentioned to be a perfect glass.

In Japanese Publication Kokoku Hei-02-41547, a poly (vinyl butyral) sheet in which an alkaline or alkaline earth metal salt of formic acid is used is proposed as the adhesion control agent. In addition, in the Japanese publication of kokoku Hei-06-502594, an interlayer film containing potassium acetate as the adhesion control agent is used in the examples of this specification.

In the three proposals mentioned above, a metal salt of a carboxylic acid containing a relatively small number of carbon atoms is used to overcome the problems mentioned above in connection with the use of a metal salt of a carboxylic acid containing a carboxylic acid. large number of carbon atoms.

When one is used metal salt of a carboxylic acid containing a small number of carbon atoms as the agent controlling the strength of adhesion, the problem of the decrease in the strength of adhesion between the interlayer film and the glass with the lapse of time it can be solved in effect but the resistance - to the moisture of the interlayer film becomes insufficient and, as a result, another problem arises, namely that the peripheral region (edge) of the laminated glass tends to suffer from opacity due to absorption of humidity.

More specifically, the interlayer film is generally capable of absorbing moisture under ordinary atmospheric conditions (moisture) and, therefore, using it in the manufacture of laminated glass, it is common practice to subject the interlayer film to the lamination process. after adjusting its water content to no more than about 0.5% by weight in an atmosphere of 25% RH, for example. However, because the peripheral region of the laminated glass is generally exposed, the interlayer film absorbs moisture in a high humidity environment, whereby the water content increases to approximately 2 to 3% by weight. For this reason, water grouped around small crystals of the metal salt of a carboxylic acid containing a small number of carbon atoms, such as potassium acetate, magnesium acetate or potassium formate, as presented in Interlayer film, causes opacity. If the addition amount of the carboxylic acid containing a small number of carbon atoms or a salt thereof is decreased to avoid opacity, the strength of adhesion between the interlayer film and the glass will deviate from the appropriate range, hence The potential for shock absorption, penetration resistance and other properties of laminated glass will become insufficient.

In "Japanese Publication of Kokai Hei-05-186250, an attempt is made to improve the interlayer film containing the carboxylic acid salt with respect to opacity using an interlayer film for the laminated glass which is composed of a resin composition comprising a poly (vinyl acetal) resin, a tyrosic acid, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of a mono or dicarboxylic acid containing not more than 12 carbon atoms and an organic acid In addition, in Japanese Publication Kokai Hei-07-41340, an interlayer film for laminated glass is proposed which is formed of a resin composition comprising a poly (vinyl acetal) resin, a tifying pias, a salt of carboxylic acid metal and an ineal 1 chain fatty acid.

The laminated glass including the interlayer film for the laminated glasses according to the above proposals shows reduced degrees of opacity in the peripheral region in the humidity resistance test but the degree of reduction in the opacity is still unsatisfactory. In addition, if the content of the linear chain fatty acid is increased for further reduction in the degree of opacity, foaming and / or discoloration could possibly occur when the laminated glass is exposed to a relatively high temperature.

While the interlayer films proposed in the aforementioned publications are results and attempts to solve the problem of opacity by improving the adhesion control agent, the interlayer films do not contain adhesion control agent. They are also bleached as a result of moisture absorption.Our recent research has revealed that the impurities mentioned later in the resin are involved in the phenomenon of opacity as one of the causes of them.

The interlayer film for the laminated glass of the present invention comprises a poly (vinyl acetal) resin as the main component thereof. The process for producing poly (vinyl acetal) resins comprises a neutralization step. In this neutralization process, an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium acid carbonate or the similar sodium salt is used. When the sodium salt is used in excess or when another sodium salt is formed as a result of the neutralization, the sodium salt could remain in the poly (vinyl acetal) resin of the product. This residual sodium salt forms particles during polymerization and / or drying, and particles that promote the aggregation of water on the occasion of water absorption by poly (vinyl acetal) resin, hence it serves as a primary cause of opacity of the interlayer film of the product for laminated glass due to the absorption of moisture. In addition, a sodium salt could still remain in some cases 'in' the poly (vinyl alcohol), and this sodium salt could also serve as a cause of the opacity of the interlayer film for the laminated glass due to the absorption to the humidity in certain cases.

In recent years, the trend towards the use of laminated glass as the side glass screen of the automobile _ or in buildings has been increasing and, in these applications, laminated glass is frequently used with the peripheral portions thereof that are exposed. The need to avoid the phenomenon of opacity is becoming more and more increasing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention which solves the aforementioned problems has for its object to provide an interlayer film for the laminated glass and a laminated glass in which said interlayer film is used and which shows a much lower degree of opacity of the region. It is even peripheral when placed in an atmosphere of high humidity, without agreeing on the fundamental development characteristics required of laminated glass, such as transparency, weather resistance, adhesion and resistance to penetration.

The present invention consists of an interlayer film for laminated glass comprising a plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin and having the turbidity after 24 hours of immersion of not more than 50% when said interlayer film having a thickness of 0.3 to 0.8 mm is immersed in water at 23 ° C.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In the following, the present invention is described in detail.

The interlayer film for the laminated glass of the present invention is such that when said interlayer film with a thickness of 0.3 to 0.8 mm is immersed in water at 23 ° C, the turbidity value after 24 hours of immersion is not greater 50% The inventors of the present invention found that an interlayer film for laminated glass showing a turbidity of not more than 50% when said interlayer film with a thickness of 0.3 to 0.8 mm is immersed in water at 23 ° C for 24 hours It is excellent in moisture resistance, showing little opacity in the peripheral region of laminated glass even when placed in a high humidity atmosphere. Based on this discovery, the present invention has been completed.

When the turbidity mentioned above exceeds 50%, opacity under high humidity conditions can not be completely avoided and poor moisture resistance could result, hence the above range is critical. In the present specification, said turbidity means a value measured using an integrating turbidimeter after 24 hours of immersion of a sample of the interlayer film with a thickness of 0.3 to 0.8 mm in water at 23 ° C.

The interlayer film for the laminated glass of the present invention comprises a plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin film, and the plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) sheet contains a plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin as a main component. .

The poly (vinyl acetal) resin preferably has an average degree of acetylation of from 40 to 75 mol percent. When said degree is less than 40 mol percent, the compatibility with the piasstifier will be lower, making it difficult, in some cases, to incorporate the firing rate in an amount necessary to ensure resistance to penetration. When the grade is greater than 75 mol percent, the resulting interlayer film for the laminated glass will have a lower mechanical strength and, in addition, a prolonged reaction time will be required for the preparation of the resin, which is frequently undesirable from the Point of . view of the process. A more preferred range is 60 to 75 mol percent. When the grade is less than 60 mol percent, the hygroscopicity will be high and, therefore, opacity could easily occur in some cases. Still a more preferred range is 64 to 71 mole percent.

In the above-described poly (vinyl acetal) resin, the content of vinyl acetate is preferably not greater than 30 mol percent. When it is higher than 30 mol percent, the blockage will be easily presented in the resin production process, making the production of the resin difficult. It is preferred that said content is not greater than 19 mole percent.

The plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin comprises a vinyl acetal component, a vinyl alcohol component and a vinyl acetate component. These components can be quantified according to JIS K 6728"Methods of testing poly (vinyl butyral)" or by the method of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), for example.

In cases where the poly (vinyl acetal) resin comprises part of a poly (vinyl butyral) resin, the vinyl alcohol component and the vinyl acetate component are quantified first. The amount of the remaining vinyl acetal component can then be calculated by subtracting the amounts of the above components from 100.

The poly (vinyl acetal) resin mentioned above can be produced by methods known per se. Thus, for example, the polyvinyl alcohol dissolves in hot water and, while maintaining the resulting aqueous solution at a specific temperature, for example from 0 to 95 ° C, preferably 10 to 20 ° C, a necessary catalyst and a catalyst are added. necessary aldehyde, and the acetaliZation reaction is allowed to proceed with stirring. The reaction temperature is allowed to rise to 70 ° C to bring the reaction to completion, followed by neutralization, washing with water and drying, to give a powder of poly (vinyl acetal) resin.

The above polyvinyl alcohol serves as the initiator material preferably has an average polymerization degree of from 500 to 5,000, more preferably from 1,000 to 2,500. When it is less than 500, the product of the laminated glass could have only a low resistance to penetration. When it exceeds 5,000, the formation of the resin film could become difficult and, in addition, the strength of the resin film could become too high.

It is preferred that the vinyl acetate component in the poly (vinyl acetal) resin obtained taking into account no more than 30 mol percent. Therefore, it is preferred that the degree of saponification of the above polyvinyl alcohol is not less than 70 mol percent. When the degree is less than 70 mol percent, the transparency and / or heat resistance of the resin could be lower and the reactivity could also be lower. More preferably, said degree is less than 95 mol percent.

The degree of polymerization and the average degree of saponification of the polyvinyl alcohol can be determined according to JIS K 6726"Methods of testing poly (vinyl alcohol)", for example.

The aldehyde mentioned above is preferably an aldehyde containing 3 to 10 caratoms. When the number of caratoms is less than 3, in some cases sufficient moldability of the resin film could not be obtained. When it exceeds 10, the reactivity for the acetalization will be lower and, in addition, the blocking of the resin could occur easily and cause difficulties in the synthesis of the resin.

In the aforementioned aldehyde it is not limited to any particular species but includes aliphatic, aromatic aldehydes, aldehydes and other aldehydes, such as propionaldehyde, n-butyldehyde, isobutyl aldehyde, valeraldehyde, n-hexyl aldehyde, 2- et ilbut iraldehyde, n-heptylaldehyde, n-octyldehyde, n-nonyldehyde, n-decylaldehyde, benzaldehyde and cinnamyl ldehyde. Preferred aldehydes contain 4 to 8 caratoms, such as n-butyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde, 2-ethylbutyraldehyde and n-octylaldehyde. Among these, n-butyraldehyde, which contains 4 caratoms, is preferred, because the use of the resulting poly (vinyl acetal) resin contributes to an increased adhesion strength of the resin film in addition to excellent environmental resistance and to facilitate the production of the resin. The aldehydes could be used either alone or in combination of two or more species.

In the interlayer film of the present invention, the particle diameter of a sodium salt here is preferably not more than 10 μm, more preferably not more than 5 μm. The particle diameter of the potassium salt in the interlayer film is preferably not greater than 5 μm.

When the sodium salt has a particle diameter greater than 10 μm or the potassium salt has a particle diameter greater than 5 μm, the salt particles could promote water aggregation and become a major cause of the opacity of water. The interlayer film obtained due to moisture absorption.

The particle diameter of the sodium salt or the potassium salt referred to above is the particle diameter in the interlayer film. While the particle diameters of the sodium salt and the potassium salt in the poly (vinyl acetal) resin, which are in the primary raw material, are decreased in the process of sheet formation in some cases, the particle diameters are retained in other cases. Therefore, it is preferred that the particle diameters of the sodium salt and the potassium salt in the poly (vinyl acetal) resin are also within the range specified above.

The particle diameters of the sodium salt and the potassium salt in the interlayer film can be determined by secondary ion imaging using a time-of-flight secondary ionic mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS).

In the film . of the present invention, the sodium concentration is preferably not greater than 50 ppna, and the concentration of potassium in the interlayer film is preferably not greater than 100 ppm. More preferably, the sodium concentration should not be less than 0.5 ppm and not more than 15 ppm, and the potassium concentration should not be less than 0.5 ppm and not greater than 100 ppm.

When the sodium content of the interlayer film is greater than 50 ppm and / or the potassium content is higher than 100 ppm, the water molecules that are added around the sodium element and the potassium element and grow to sizes macroscopic, after which the opacity could become prominent. To prepare an interlayer film having a sodium content of less than 0.5 ppm and a potassium content less than 0.5 ppm is not preferred from practical points of view in some cases, because the washing step to remove the element Sodium or the remaining potassium element entering from the resin preparation stage must be excessively prolonged and / or the degree of purification of water and other raw materials must be increased, among other measures, hence a lot of time and expenses.

The concentration of sodium and potassium in the interlayer film can be determined by elemental analysis using an ICP emission spectrometer. Elemental analysis by ICP emission spectrometry is a technique that involves heating and decomposition of the sample with sulfuric acid and nitric acid, making the decomposition product to volume with ultrapure water and then performing the test by the ICP-AES method. .

The inclusion of sodium and / or potassium resulting from this use, for example in the preparation of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin, of a neutralizing agent containing the sodium or potassium element, such as sodium carbonate, carbonate sodium acid, sodium acetate, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, potassium acetate, potassium hydroxide, for the neutralization of the acid catalyst used for the reaction, such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.

The neutralization process in the production process of the above polyvinyl acetal resin is effective for the prevention of the acid catalyst such as hydrochloric acid (HCl), which is essential for the poly resin formation reaction. (vinyl acetal) in the preceding stage, the rest in the resin and deteriorate the resin.

Used as the neutralizing agent are the alkali metal salts and the alkali metal ferrous salts. Unlike alkali metals, ferrous alkali metals, they are preferred when they remain in the interlayer film in fairly large quantities, hence they can avoid opacity under high humidity conditions, As the alkali metal salts, magnesium salts such as magnesium acid carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, basic magnesium carbonate, barium salts such as barium hydroxide and calcium salts such as hydroxide, among others, could be mentioned. of calcium.

The inclusion of sodium and / or potassium also results from the sodium or potassium salt of a carboxylic acid and an octyl acid, etc., added as an agent for controlling the strength of adhesion, which is in the rest of the film of interlayer, or of the element of sodium or the element of potassium contained in the water and other raw materials used, in particular in polyvinyl alcohol, and which remain in the interlayer film.

The amount of such alkali metals contained in the pure water can be reduced to 1 ppm or less through the use of deionized water, for example. Otherwise, the content of the alkali metal of the polyvinyl alcohol becomes the sodium acetate formed in the course of the saponification of poly (vinyl acetate) in the process for the production of the polyvinyl alcohol raw material, and is in overall 0.4 to 1.5% by weight.

Therefore, using a polyvinyl alcohol material having a sodium acetate content not greater than 0. 4% by weight, the sodium element in the resin can be reduced, which is strongly removable by washing, and, by intensified washing and similar measures, the sodium element can be consistently reduced to 50 ppm or below.

In the above process for the production of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin, it is also possible to reduce the alkali metal content by washing the poly (vinyl acetal) resin with water until a pH of 5 or above is obtained. , followed by drying at a temperature not higher than -60 ° C, without resorting to the neutralization procedure mentioned above. By sufficient washing with water until a pH of 5 or above is obtained, the content of the alkali metal, which is causing the opacity of the resulting resin film, can be reduced to an amount no greater than a required amount. In addition, by drying at a low relative temperature not exceeding 60 ° C, the resin can be protected against deterioration due to the inclusion of the alkali metal and the remaining acid catalyst and, at the same time, the drying equipment can be protected of being corroded by the acid. Although the drying process could be carried out by any ordinary method, the vacuum drying method, in particular, is efficient and superior.

In the previous stage of washing with water, washing is preferably carried out with water at a temperature of not less than 40 ° C. Taking into consideration the fact that the resin in the suspension swells at 40 ° C or above, the temperature of the water to be used for washing is increased to 40 ° C or above so that the washing efficiency can be improved and deterioration of the resin due to the inclusion of the alkali metal and / or acid catalyst residues is avoided. Using the wash water at 40 ° C or above, preferably 40 to 60 ° C, in the washing step, the resin in the suspension swells and the acid (HCl) and the neutralization product (product containing alkali metal) ) Resin content can be washed quickly, so the washing efficiency can be improved. If the temperature of the wash water is below 40 ° C, the resin can not swell to a satisfactory degree, hence the efficiency can be greatly improved. If the temperature of the wash water is higher than 60 ° C, the resin softens and the particles of the resin agglomerate, form blocks, hence the resin can not have a stable particle size; In addition, any marked improvement in efficiency can not be expected as compared to water at 60 ° C, and in this way, it is a waste of energy An alternative method for preventing the inclusion of sodium and potassium mentioned above could also be mentioned. This method comprises using, in the synthesis of a poly (vinyl acetal) resin by reacting the polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde in the presence of the hydrochloric acid catalyst, an epoxide as a reaction terminator and a hydrochloric acid scavenger and the resulting poly (vinyl acetal) resin to sheet formation.

Said epoxides include, among others, 1,2-epoxides of the general formula (I): (wherein R1 and R2 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group and n represents an integer from 0 to 3), in addition to 1,3-epoxides such as trimethylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyran, 1,4-epoxides, 1,5-epoxides and the like. These could be used alone or two or more of these could be used in combination. Particularly preferred epoxides are ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and the like.

The aforementioned epoxide can be used in an effective amount sufficient to terminate the reaction and remove the hydrochloric acid.

With respect to the use of the above epoxide, the epoxide is used in place of the hydrochloric acid neutralizing agent catalyst to complete the acetylation reaction and to further remove the hydrochloric acid, whereby the resin can be avoided of deterioration due to the inclusion of alkali metal retention and / or acid catalyst.

In the present invention, it is preferred that a dispersant be incorporated into the interlayer film for the laminated glass so that opacity under high humidity conditions can be prevented more efficiently.

As said dispersant, compounds capable of complexing with the sodium salts and the potassium salts, the organic acids compatible with the resin and the pificant, and the amines compatible with the resin and the plasticizer could have been mentioned.

Compounds capable of complexing with sodium salts and potassium salts tend to surround metal salts such as sodium salts and hydrophobic potassium salts and thus make it difficult for water to get close to the surroundings, with the result that even due to the moisture absorption by the poly (vinyl acetal) resin, the interlayer film for the laminated glass as obtained can be prevented from the above opacity.

The aforementioned compound capable of forming the complexes with the sodium salts and the potassium salts includes but is not limited to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, salicylaldehyde, salicylic acid, salicylanilide, oxalic acid, 1,10-phenanthroline, acid 1, 1- cyclohexaneacetic, salicylaldoxime and glycine. These could be used either alone or two or more of these could be used in combination.

The amount of the addition of the compound capable of complexing with the sodium salts and the potassium salts depends on the amount of the remaining metal salt in the poly (vinyl acetal) resin but is preferably within the range of 0.02 to 2 parts. by weight per 100 parts by weight of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin. In an addition amount less than 0.02 parts by weight, the preventive effect on opacity due to absorption to moisture may be insufficient. In an addition amount exceeding 2 parts by weight, compatibility with the poly (vinyl acetal) resin will be poor and a transparency problem may arise in some cases. A more preferred range is 0.05 to 1 part by weight.

The organic acids compatible with the resin and the spinning resin and the amines compatible with the resin and the plasticizer can also be used as the aforementioned dispersant.

Among said organic acids compatible with the resin and the pipifier, at least one member selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acids containing 2 to 21 carbon atoms, carboxylic acids containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and the phosphoric acids of the general formula (II) given below.

(In the above formula, R represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and R4 represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group which contains 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms) With reference to sulphonic acids containing 2 to 21 carbon atoms, if the member of carbon atoms is less than 2, the hydrophilicity will be high, hence the compatibility with the poly (vinyl acetal) resin will be poor and will result insufficient dispersion. If the number of carbon atoms is greater than 21 the sulphonic acid will be hydrophobic, hence the compatibility with the poly (vinyl acetal) resin will be poor and phase separation could possibly occur. More preferred are those which contain 7 to 18 carbon atoms.

Sulfonic acids containing 2 to 21 carbon atoms for example could be aliphatic or aromatic. Sulfonic acids containing 2 to 21 carbon atoms in this manner include, but are not limited to, benzenesulfonic acid, naphthalene sulphonic acid, alkylsulfonic acids with the alkyl radical therein containing 2 to 15 carbon atoms, and the acids It is also known that the lens is fonsed with the alkyl radical therein containing 2 to 11 carbon atoms, among others. More specifically, p-toluenesulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, hydroxypropanesulfonic acid, mesitylsulphonic acid, and the like may be mentioned. These-could be used alone or two or more of these could be used in combination.

The addition amount of sulfonic acids containing 2 to 21 carbon atoms is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin. At an addition amount less than 0.01 parts by weight, the preventive effect on the opacity due to moisture absorption will be insufficient in some cases. At an addition amount exceeding 2 parts by weight, the deterioration of the resin could be promoted or the sulfonic acids themselves could cause opacity. A more preferred addition amount is within the range of 0.03 to 1 part by weight.

With reference to carboxylic acids containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms, if the number of carbon atoms is less than 2, the hydrophilicity will be higher, hence the compatibility with poly (vinyl acetal) resin will be poor and will result insufficient dispersion. If the number of carbon atoms is greater than 20, the carboxylic acid will be hydrophobic, hence compatibility with the poly (vinyl acetal) resin will be poor and phase separation could possibly occur. More preferred with those containing 6 to 14 carbon atoms.

The carboxylic acids containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms could be, for example, aliphatic or aromatic. These could be dicarboxylic acids. Carboxylic acids containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms in this manner include, but are not limited to, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, 2-yl-butybutyric acid, octanoic acid, 2-ethexyl-1-acid. ico, lauric acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, sebacic acid, oleic acid, benzoic acid, toluic acid, naphthoic acid, 1,1-cyclohexanediacetic acid, salicylic acid and similar. These could be used alone or two or more of these could be used in combination.

The amount of addition of the carboxylic acids containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms is preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin. In an addition amount of less than 0.01 part by weight, the preventive effect on the opacity due to absorption to moisture in some cases will be insufficient. At an amount exceeding 3 parts by weight, the compatibility with the resin will be poor and the problem of transparency could arise or the deterioration of the resin could be promoted. A more preferred range is 0.05 to 1 part by weight.

Referring to R3 and R4 in the phosphoric acids represented by the general formula (II) above, if the number of carbon atoms in the aliphatic hydrocarbon group or the aromatic hydrocarbon group exceeds 18, the phosphoric acid will be hydrophilic, hence the compatibility with the poly (vinyl acetal) resin will be poor. A more preferred range of the number of carbon atoms is 6 to 12 The phosphoric acids of the general formula (II) -include but are not limited to the acid methylphosphoric acid, the ethophosphoric acid, propylphosphoric acid, isopropylphosphoric acid, butylphosphoric acid, laurylphosphoric acid, stearylphosphoric acid, 2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid, acid 2- Ethylhexylphosphoric acid, di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid, isodecylphosphoric acid, phenylphosphoric acid, dimethylphosphoric acid, dietic acid phoric acid, diisopropylphosphoric acid, dioctylphosphoric acid, di-phenylphosphoric acid and dibenzylphosphonic acid, these could be used alone or could be used two or more of these in combination.

The amount of addition of the phosphoric acid of the general formula (II) is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin. In an addition amount below 0.01 parts by weight, the preventive effect on opacity due to absorption to moisture in some cases will be insufficient. In an amount exceeding 2 parts by weight, the deterioration of the resin could be promoted or the phosphoric acid itself could cause opacity. A more preferred range is 0.03 to 1 part by weight.

The organic acid compatible with the resin and the pificant is used in combination with the amine compatible with the resin and the piasty. Suitable for use as the amine compatible with the resin and the piasstifier with the amines of the general formula (III): (wherein R5, R6 and R7 could be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms ).

When the number of carbon atoms in the aliphatic hydrocarbon group or the aforementioned aromatic hydrocarbon group exceeds 20, the amine becomes hydrophobic, hence-compatibility with the poly (vinyl acetal) resin in some cases could be poor. It is preferred that one of R5, 'R6 and R7 be a long chain. More preferably, R 5 and R 6 each independently is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group containing 1 0 2 carbon atoms, and R 7 is a hydrocarbon group containing 6 to 16 carbon atoms.

The amine of the general formula (III) includes but is not limited to primary amines such as methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, hexylamine, octylamine, decylamine, didecylamine, tet radecylamine, aniline, toluidine, naphthylamine, etc .; secondary amines such as dimethylamine, diethylamine, dopropylamine, dihexylamine, dioctylamine, N-methylaniline, etc .; tertiary amines such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, N, N-dimethexyl amine, N, N-dimethyloctylamine, N, N-dimet and Ideci sheet, N, N-dimet iddocylamine, N, N-dimethylamine, pyridine, etc. ., among other. These could be used alone or could be used in combination of two or more When a sulphonic acid containing 2 to 21 carbon atoms is used as the organic acid compatible with the resin and the plasticizer, the addition amount of the amine of the general formula (III) is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by weight per 100. parts by weight of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin. At an addition amount less than 0.01 parts by weight, the preventive effect on opacity due to absorption to moisture may be insufficient. At an addition amount exceeding 2 parts by weight, the compatibility with the resin will be poor, and a transparency problem could arise or the interlayer film could be discolored. A more preferred range is 0.02 to 1 part by weight.

When a carboxylic acid containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms is used as the organic acid compatible with the resin and plasticizer, the addition amount of the amine of the general formula (III) is preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin. At an addition amount less than 0.01 parts by weight, the preventive effect on opacity due to absorption to moisture may be insufficient. At an amount exceeding 3 parts by weight, the compatibility with the resin will be poor, and a transparency problem could arise or the interlayer film could be discolored. A more preferred range is 0.05 to 1 part by weight.

When a phosphoric acid of the general formula (II) is used as the organic acid compatible with the resin and the plasticizer, the addition amount of the amine of the general formula (III) is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by weight per 100. parts by weight of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin. At an addition amount less than 0.01 parts by weight, the preventive effect on opacity due to absorption to moisture may be insufficient.

At an amount exceeding 2 parts by weight, the compatibility with the resin will be poor, and a transparency problem could arise or the interlayer film could be discolored. A more preferred range is 0.05 to 1 part by weight.

The organic acid compatible with the resin and the plasticizer and the amine compatible with the resin and the plasticizer used as a dispersant as mentioned above respectively take the form of ions, for example sulfonyl ion, carbonyl ion, phosphoryl ion, and the ammonium ion. These ions act on the surface of the particulate metal salt in the poly (vinyl acetal) resin and bond the metal ion and the counter ion that constitutes said metal salt. When the resin is kneaded prior to the formation of the sheet, the metal salt carrying these ions is dispersed in the resin and, as a result, the metal salt in the particulate form becomes smaller or disappears. Therefore, the local aggregation of the water molecules is avoided and, even when the poly (vinyl acetal) resin absorbs moisture, the interlayer film of the laminated glass can be prevented from opacity.

In the present invention, it is preferred that the interlayer film for the laminated glass contains at least one salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts and ferrous alkali metal salts as an adhesion control agent.

The alkali metal salts and the ferrous alkali metal salts include but are not limited to the potassium salts, the sodium salts, the magnesium salts and so on. As the acids which form the salt, organic acids could be mentioned, for example carboxylic acids such as octyl acid, hexyl acid, butyric acid, acetic acid and formic acid; and inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.

Among the alkali metal salts and ferrous alkali metal salts mentioned above, the alkali metal salts of the organic acids containing 5 to 16 carbon atoms and the alkaline earth metal salts of organic acids containing 5 to 15 carbon atoms are preferred. ~ 16 carbon atoms. More preferred are the magnesium salts of carboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acids containing 6 to 10 carbon atoms.

Said magnesium salts of carboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acids include but are not limited to magnesium 2-butyrate, magnesium valerate, magnesium hexanoate, magnesium heptanoate, magnesium octanoate, magnesium nonanoate, magnesium decanoate, magnesium glutarate and magnesium adipate, among others.

It is assumed that the magnesium salts of the carboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acids containing 6 to 10 carbon atoms are present in the form of salts in the sheet without electrolytic dissociation, and attract water molecules, making it possible to suppress the adhesion between the interlayer film and the glass, with the result that the resistance to penetration of the laminated glass product can be improved. In addition, since they are distributed in high concentrations on the surface of the sheet without aggregation in the sheet, they show an adhesion force that modifies the effect even in small quantities, without causing excessive opacity due to absorption to moisture, so Both are preferred.

The alkali metal salts and the alkali metal ferrous salts have a particle diameter of not more than 3 μm, more preferably not greater than 1 μm. When said diameter exceeds 3 μm, the water molecules around the particles of the alkali metal salt and / or alkaline earth metal grow to a macroscopic size, with the result that the opacity becomes in some cases unfavorably remarkable. .

The means for reducing the particle size of 3 μm or less is not limited to any particular method. Thus, for example, the method comprising using a compound readily soluble in the poly (vinyl acetal) resin and the plasticizer as an adhesion force control agent could be mentioned, the method comprising using a compound that is strongly soluble. in the poly (vinyl acetal) resin and the pestle but it is strongly added in the poly (vinyl acetal) resin and the pipifier, and the method comprises using in combination a dispersing or compatibilizing agent capable of dispersing said compounds.

When a poly (vinyl butyral) resin is used as the poly (vinyl acetal) resin and triethylene glycol 2-ethylbutyrate is used as the plasticizer, the compound readily soluble in the above formulation is, for example, an acid salt. organic, such as magnesium octanoate, magnesium nesdecanoate and magnesium adipate. These are used "appropriately alone or in combination of two or more species.

As the compound is strongly soluble in the above formulation but is strongly added in the formulation, the magnesium salts of inorganic acids such as magnesium chloride and magnesium nitrate could be mentioned. These are used appropriately either alone or in combination of two or more species.

The dispersing or compatibilizing agent capable of dispersing the compound strongly soluble in the formulation is not limited to any particular species but includes alcohols such as ethanol and octyl alcohol, and long chain organic acids such as octanoic acid and nonanoic acid, among others. These are used appropriately either alone or in a combination of two or more species.

Among the several methods mentioned above, it is preferred to use a compound that is readily soluble in the poly (vinyl acetal) resin and the pipifier. The preferred method is then to use a compound that is strongly added to the poly (vinyl acetal) resin and plasticizer.

When a diester compound is used as the pestle, it is preferred that the alkali metal salt or the alkaline earth metal salt mentioned above have the same acid component structure as that of the diester compound. Because they have an acid component structure identical or similar to that of the diester compound used as the plasticizer, they can be stably present and dispersed uniformly in the sheet, hence they will not change over time.

When di-2-butyl triethylene glycol is used (sometimes referred to later as "3GH") or dihexyl adipate (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "DHA") as the tyrosary acid, a metal salt of a carboxylic acid containing 5 to 6 carbon atoms is preferably used as an agent for controlling the strength of adhesion, because, in such a case, the decrease in the strength of adherence with the lapse of time between the interlayer film and the glass it can be prevented and the prevention of opacity or the prevention of the decrease in the adhesion force can be carried out simultaneously with the lapse of time. When triethylene glycol di-2-ethexanoate (sometimes referred to sometimes as "3GO") is used as the plasticizer, it is preferred, for some reasons, that a metal salt of a carboxylic acid containing 6 to 8 carbon atoms be contained in the formulation. When tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "4GO") is used as the piasetting agent, it is preferred that a metal salt of a carboxylic acid containing 6 to 7 carbon atoms be contained in the formulation .

In order to prevent the above plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin from experiencing as much as possible the heat induced hydrolysis in the sheet forming step, the use of plasticizers less susceptible to hydrolysis such as the pestifying agents of the type of side chain, such as 3GH, 3G0 and 4G0, or of the adipate type, such as DHA, is preferred for the use of such plasticizers as triethylene glycol diheptanoate (3G7) and tetraethylene glycol diheptanoate (4G7).

Said 3GH has been in use as a binder in interlayer films with practically acceptable results and the organic acid constituent thereof is of the side chain type. Therefore, 3GH is more advantageous than 3G7, 4G7 and the like, which are of the linear chain type, in these it is less hydrolysable. The aforementioned 3GO and 4GO are advantageous in that they are higher at the boiling point than 3GH, for example, and therefore less volatile in the sheet forming step or in the rolling step.

The 3GH, 3GO, 4GO and DHA could be used alone or in combination with other typing devices such as those mentioned below. The mixing ratio of the 3GH, 3GO, 4GO and / or DHA to the other piastrictor is preferred that the amount of the other pificant is less than 50% by weight- of the amount of the pipifier 3GH, 3GO, 4G0 and DHA. When this ratio is greater than 50% by weight, the determinant characteristics of 3GH, 3GO, 4GO and DHA are sacrificed by the other pipifier and, therefore, the effect of the adhesion control agent used in combination with they are not expressed to a satisfactory degree.

The metal salt of the carboxylic acid to be used as the adhesion strength control agent, when the pificant in the interlayer film is specified as mentioned above, includes but is not limited to the metal salts of pentanoic acid (from 5 carbon atoms), the metal salts of hexanoic acid (2-et ilbutanoic acid) (6-carbon atoms), the metal salts of heptanoic acid (7-carbon atoms), the metal salts of octanoic acid (from 8 carbon atoms), etcetera. According to the plasticizer mentioned above, one, two or more of these are appropriately used. The carboxylic acid could be of the straight chain type or the side chain type When a metal salt of a carboxylic acid containing a too small number of carbon atoms is used, the obtained interlayer film will have insufficient moisture resistance, which could allow "the phenomenon of opacity to be widely present. Conversely, if a metal salt of a carboxylic acid containing an excessively large number of carbon atoms is used, the decrease in the adhesion force with the lapse of time between the interlayer film and the glass could be insufficient.

The metal salt of the carboxylic acid mentioned above as the adhesion force control agent could be used independently or in combination with another adhesion force control agent, for example an adhesion control agent of the metal salt of the carboxylic acid containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as magnesium formate, magnesium acetate, magnesium propanoate, magnesium butanoate or a modified silicone oil adhesion control agent such as those mentioned below here.

When the alkali metal salt and / or the alkaline earth metal salt is added as an adhesion force control agent, the addition amount thereof is preferably 0.01 to 0.2 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin. In a lower addition amount of 0.01 parts by weight, the bond strength modifying the effect will be zero, hence the penetration resistance of the laminated glass product could be lower. In an amount exceeding 0.2 parts by weight, the control agent could be discharged, imparting the transparency of the laminated glass product and at the same time leading to an excessively decreased adhesion force between the interlayer film and the glass. A more preferred range is 0.03 to 0.08 parts by weight.

When the alkali metal salt is a sodium salt, opacity tends to occur very rapidly, so the sodium concentration should preferably not be greater than 50 ppm. When the alkali metal salt is a potassium salt, too much opacity could occur rapidly, hence the potassium concentration should not be greater than 100 ppm.

In addition to the cases where the alkali metal salt and / or ___ the alkaline earth metal salt is added as the adhesion force control agent, as mentioned above, there are cases where said salts enter the salt of the alkali metal salt. alkali metal or the alkaline earth metal salt used as a neutralizing agent for the acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, used in the reaction to produce the poly (vinyl acetal) resin, or the cases in which said salt it enters one or more of several raw materials and water used in the reaction to produce the poly (vinyl acetal) resin which contains said salt. The alkali metal salt and the alkaline earth metal salt as the neutralizing agent could also be used as the adhesion control agent.

The interlayer film for the laminated glass of the present invention comprises a plastic resin film composed of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin mentioned above, a plasticizer and, when necessary, an additive such as the dispersant and / or the agent of adhesion strength control mentioned above.

The piasstifier to be used in the present invention includes those known as plasticizers for use in interlayer films of this type, for example plasticizers of the organic ester type such as esters of monobasic acids and polybasic acid esters, and singulants. of the phosphorus type such as organic phosphate and organic phosphite plasticants.

Preferred among the monobasic acid esters are the glycol esters which can be obtained by the reaction of triethylene glycol with an organic acid such as butyric acid, isobutyric acid, caproic acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, heptanoic acid, n-octyl acid, 2-Ethyl hexyl, pelargonic acid (n-nonyl acid) or decyl acid. In addition, the esters of tetraethylene glycol or tripropylene glycol could also be used - with the organic acids mentioned above Preferred as esters of polybasic acids are, for example, esters of an organic acid such as adipic acid, sebasic acid or azelaic acid with a straight or branched chain alcohol containing from 4 to 8 carbon atoms.

As typical examples of the "organic" esters which can be used appropriately, mention may be made of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutylene, triethylene glycol di-2-ylhexoate, triethylene glycol dicaprylate, di-n-octoate, triethylene glycol, triethylene glycol di-n-heptoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptoate and, in addition, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate and dibutylcarbonate adipate.

In addition, di-2-ethylhexyl glycol, di-2-ethylbutyl, or 1,3-propylene glycol, di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,4-propylene glycol, could also be used as plasticizers. , di-2-ethylbutyrate of 1,4-butylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol di-2-ethylenebutyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexate, di-2- and the butyl of dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylpentoate, tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, diethylene glycol dicaprylate and the like.

Among the preferred phosphate binders, tributoxyethyl phosphate, isodecylphenyl phosphate, t-riisopropyl phosphite and the like are preferred.

Among the aforementioned compounds, the diester compounds derived from a carboxylic acid and a monohydric alcohol or from a monocarboxylic acid and a dihydric alcohol are preferably incorporated into the composition of the resin.

The amount of addition of the pyridine is preferably 20 to 70 parts by weight, more preferably 40 to 60 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin. In an addition amount below 20 parts by weight, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass product could be lower. In an addition amount exceeding 70 parts by weight, the plastifying agent could be discharged by increasing the optical filtration or decreasing the transparency and / or tackiness of the resin film.

In the present invention, known additives for use in interlayer films for laminated glass, for example silicone oil modified to control penetration resistance, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, surfactants and coloring agents, also they could be incorporated as additives in addition to the dispersant and the adhesion force control agent.

The aforementioned silicone oils include but are not limited to modified silicone oils-with epoxy, ether-modified silicone oils, carboxyl-modified silicone oils, such as those disclosed in the Japanese Publication of Kokoku Sho-55-29950 . In general, these modified silicone oils are liquids obtained by the reaction of a compound to be modified to polysiloxane.

In the present invention, epoxy modified silicone oils of the general formula (IV) are particularly preferred. (wherein 1 and m each independently represent a positive integer not greater than 30), ether modified silicone oils of the general formula (V) (wherein 1 and m each independently represent a positive integer no greater than 30 and x and y each independently represent a positive integer no greater than 20), and the ester modified silicone oils of the general formula (VI) . { wherein 1 and m each independently represent a positive integer no greater than 30). While the respective modified silicone oils are represented by the general formulas (IV), (V) and (VI) in terms of the structural formulas for block copolymers, those represented by the structural formulas of irregular copolymers in the cresent invention The above modified silicone oils could be used alone or could be used in combination of two or more of these.

The modified silicone oils preferably have a molecular weight of 800 to 5,000. When the molecular weight is less than 800, the degree of location on the surface will be lower. When it exceeds 5,000, the compatibility with the resin will become poor, so that the discharge is present on the surface of the film, causing the adhesion force between the sheet and the glass to decrease. A more preferred range is 1,500 to 4,000.

The addition amount of the modified silicone oils is preferably 0.01 to 0.2 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the poly (vinyl acetal) resin. In an addition amount below 0.01 parts by weight, the preventive effect on opacity due to absorption to moisture will be insufficient. In an addition amount exceeding 0.2 parts by weight, the compatibility with the resin will be poor, hence the discharge will present itself on the surface of the film, with the result that the adhesion strength to the glass will decrease. A more preferred amount is 0.03 to 0.1 parts by weight.

The aforementioned antioxidant includes but is not limited to phenolic compounds such as t-butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) (Sumilizer BHT (registered trademark), product of Sumitono Chemical), and tetracis [methylene-3- (3 ', 5'- di-1-buty 1-4 '-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane (Irganox 1010, product of Ciba-Geigy), among others.

Ultraviolet absorbers include but are not limited to the type of benzotriazole such as 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-met il-phenyl) benzot ria zol (Tinuvin P, product of Ciba-Geigy), 2- (2 '- hydroxy-3 '-5' -di-t-but-1-phenyl) benzothiazol (Tinuvin 320, product of Ciba-Geigy) and 2 - (2'-hydroxy-3'-t-but-il-5 '- metil phenyl) -5-chlorobenzot ria zol (Tinuvin 326, product of Ciba-Geigy) and 2 - (2'-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-di-t-amyl-phenyl) benzotriazole (Tinuvin 328, product of Ciba-Geigy), decreased amines such as LA-57 (product of Ade ka-Argus), etc.

As the light stabilizers, decreased amines could be mentioned, for example Asahi Denka Kogyo's Adekastab LA-57 (registered trademark).

As the surfactants, there may be mentioned, for example, sodium lauryl sulfate, alkylbenzene sulfonates, and the like.

The method for producing the interlayer film for the laminated glass of the present invention is restricted in particular, but for example, a required amount of the styling chips, together with other additives as necessary, is incorporated into each of the above-mentioned resins. above, the mixture is uniformly kneaded and then formed into sheets by means of extrusion, calendering, pressing, molding, inflation or other methods and the resulting sheets are used as the interlayer films.

In view of the minimum resistance to penetration and resistance to the environment required of laminated glass and from the practical point of view, it is generally preferred that the total thickness of the interlayer film for the laminated glass of the present invention be within the range 0.3 to 1.6 mm, which is the thickness range of the ordinary interlayer film for laminated glass.

As the glass sheets are used in the laminated glass, there could be mentioned not only the transparent inorganic glass sheets but also the transparent organic glass sheets, such as the polycarbonate sheets and the sheets of poly (methyl methacrylate).

The transparent inorganic glass sheets are not limited to any particular species but include several inorganic glass species such as smooth laminated glass, polished laminated glass, embossed laminated glass, laminated glass network, laminated wire glass, infrared absorption glass and glass colored laminate. These could be used alone or two or more different species could be used in combination. Laminates of a transparent inorganic glass sheet and a transparent organic glass sheet could also be used. The thickness of the laminated glass can be selected according to the intended use, hence it is not limited to any particular value.

The laminated glass of the present invention can be produced using any ordinary method for producing laminated glass. For example, the resin film formed by the aforementioned method is intercalated, like the interlayer, between two transparent laminated glasses, the total is placed in a plastic bag, the preliminary adhesion is carried out at about 70 to 110 ° C while it is suctioned under reduced pressure, then the subsequent adhesion is carried out at approximately 120 to 150 ° C under pressure of about 10 to 15 kg / cm2 using an autoclave or a press, whereby the laminated lens glass is obtained.

In a process for producing the laminated glass, it is also possible to interpose the aforementioned interlayer film prepared by forming the sheet of the plasticized poly (vinyl butyral resin) between at least one pair of laminated glasses, and press-bonding with heat at 60 to 100 ° C while simultaneously deaerating at reduced pressure. More specifically, the process is carried out by placing a laminated film consisting of a laminated glass / film / inlay layer in a plastic bag, and effecting the adhesion by hot pressing at a temperature of about 60 to 100. ° C under a pressure of about 1 to 10 kg / cm2 for about 10 to 30 minutes in an autoclave, for example, while being deaerated under suction at a reduced pressure of about -500 to -700 mHg, whereby desaereación and adhesion simultaneously.

In such a production process, the adhesion force between the interlayer film and the glass can be adjusted so that the force falls within a desired suitable range by adjusting the temperature for adhesion by hot pressing to the range of 60 to 100 ° C. , as mentioned above, and appropriately selecting various conditions, in particular the adhesion pressure of hot pressing, the time of adhesion of the hot pressing and the degree of reduction of the pressure for the deaeration under suction within the ranges respective mentioned above.

BEST WAYS TO CARRY OUT THE INVENTION The following examples illustrate the present invention in greater detail but are not in any way limiting the scope of the invention. In the examples, "part (s)" means "part (s) by weight".

Example 1 (1) Preparation of a resin To 2890 g of pure water was added 275 g of a polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and a degree of saponification of 98.9 mol%, and the mixture was heated to dissolve. After the reaction system was adjusted to 12 ° C, 201 g of the 35% hydrochloric acid catalyst and 148 g of n-butyraldehyde were added and the mixture was incubated, at the same temperature to precipitate the reaction product.

The reaction mixture was then maintained at 45 ° C for 3 hours to bring the reaction to completion. This reaction mixture was washed with an excess of water to remove the unreacted n-butyraldehyde and the hydrochloric acid catalyst was neutralized with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the common neutralizing agent. The product was rinsed with an excess of water for 2 hours and dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin as a white powder. This resin had a vinyl acetal content (degree of acetalization) of 65.0 mol% and a content of vinyl acetate of 1.1 mol%. (2) Production of an interlayer film "The above poly (vinyl butyral) resin, 100 parts by weight, was mixed with 40 parts by weight of plasticizer of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, and the mixture was completely melt kneaded with a mixing roller and molded by pressing with a molding machine at 150 ° C for 30 minutes to provide an interlayer film of 0.76 mm thickness.The diameters of the particles of the sodium and potassium salts in the interlayer film were determined by secondary ion image with a secondary ion mass spectrometer by time of flight (TOF-SIMS) (PHI EVANS; TFS-2000) As a result, the particle diameter of the sodium salt in the interlayer film was 1 μm and that of the potassium salt was less than 0.5 μm.

The elemental sodium content of this interlayer film was 6 ppm as measured by ICP emission spectrometry. ICP emission spectrometry is a quantitative analysis method that comprises decomposing a sample with sulfuric acid and nitric acid under heating, making the decomposition product up to constant volume with ultrapure water, and performing a determination by the ICP-AES method using an ICP -AES (Jarrel-Ash Japan, ICAP-575). 3) Production of a laminated glass The previous interlayer film was interspersed between smooth glass sheets (30 cm x 30 cm x 2.5 mm thick) and the assembly was placed in a plastic bag and de-aerated under a vacuum of 20 Torr for 20 minutes. The sample thus desaereated was transferred directly to an oven at 90 ° C and vacuum molded at a constant temperature of 80 ° C for 30 minutes.

The pre-wounded laminated glass was autoclaved using a pneumatic autoclave at a pressure of 12 kg / cm2 and a temperature of 135 ° C for 20 minutes to provide a transparent laminated glass. This laminated glass was subjected to an adhesion test (Pummel test) and to a wet opacity resistance test.

Development evaluation (1) Adhesion power test (Pummel) The laminated glass is left in a vertical position at -18 ° C ± 0.6 ° C for conditioning and then struck with a hammer that has a head weight of 0.45 kg to break the glass into fragments with diameters no larger than 6 mm . The degree of exposure of the sheet after partial exfoliation of the glass is calculated against the graduated limit samples shown in Table 1. This test is designed to find out if the bond strength between the glass and the interlayer film falls within a predetermined range.

Table 1 Degree of exposure (%) Value of Pammer 100 0 90 1 85 2 60 3 40 4 20 5 10 6 5 7 Less than 2 8 (2) Wet Opacity Resistance Test The resin film is cut to 4x4 cm and immersed in deionized water at room temperature (23 ° C) for 24 hours. The turbidity value was then measured with an integral nephrometer (Tokyo Denshoku).

Results are shown in table 2 Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that, in the preparation of the resin, the washing process time following the addition of the neutralization agent was altered to 1.5 hours. In this case, the interlayer film obtained had an elemental sodium content of 13 ppm, a particle diameter of the sodium salt of 3 μm, and a particle diameter of the potassium salt not greater than 0.5 μm.

Example 3 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that, in the preparation of the resin, the washing process time following the addition of the neutralization agent was altered to 2.5 hours. In this case, the interlayer film obtained had an elemental sodium content of 3 ppm, a particle diameter of the sodium salt of 0.5 μm, and a particle diameter of the potassium salt not greater than 0.5 μm.

Example 4 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that, in the preparation of the resin, the washing process time following the addition of the neutralizing agent was altered to 3.5 hours. In this case, the interlayer film obtained had an elemental sodium content of 0.9 ppm, a particle diameter of the sodium salt of 0.5 μm, and a particle diameter of the potassium salt not greater than 0.5 μm.

Comparative Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that, in the preparation of the resin, the washing process time following the addition of the neutralization agent was altered to 1 hour. In this case, the interlayer film obtained had an elemental sodium content of 17 ppm, a particle diameter of the sodium salt of 6 μm.

Comparative Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that, in the preparation of the resin, the washing process time following the addition of the neutralizing agent was altered to 0.5 hours. In this case, the interlayer film obtained had an elemental sodium content of 35 ppm and a particle diameter of the sodium salt of 13 μm.

The evaluation data generated in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are presented in Table 2.

Table 2 It is apparent that the "very good moisture" resistance was obtained in Examples 1 to 4 Example 5 (1) Preparation of a resin To 2890 g of pure water was added 275 g of a polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and a degree of saponification of 98.9 mol%, and the mixture was heated to dissolve. After the reaction system was adjusted to 12 ° C, 201 g of the 35% hydrochloric acid catalyst and 148 g of n-butyraldehyde were added and the mixture was incubated at the same temperature to precipitate the reaction product.

The reaction mixture was then kept at 45 ° C for 3 hours to bring the reaction to completion. This reaction mixture was washed with an excess of water (30 times the resin) to remove the unreacted n-butyraldehyde and the hydrochloric acid catalyst was neutralized with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the common neutralizing agent. The product was rinsed with an excess of water for 2 hours and dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin as a white powder.

This resin had a vinyl acetal content (degree of acetalization) of 65.0 mol% and a vinyl acetate content of 1.1 mol%. (2) Production of an interlayer film The above poly (vinyl butyral) resin, 100 parts by weight, was mixed with 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ylbutyl urea, and the mixture was completely melt kneaded with a mixing roller. and was molded under pressure with a molding machine at 150 ° C for 30 minutes to provide an interlayer film of 0.76 mm thickness.

The elemental potassium content of this interlayer film was 23 ppm as measured by ICP emission spectrometry. The particle diameter of the sodium salt in the interlayer film was less than 0.5 μm and that of the potassium salt was less than 3 μm. (3) Production of a laminated glass The previous interlayer film was interspersed between smooth glass sheets (30 cm x 30 cm x 2.5 mm thick) and the assembly was placed in a plastic bag and de-aerated under a vacuum of 20 Torr for 20 minutes. The sample thus deaerated was directly transferred to an oven at 90 ° C and vacuum molded at a constant temperature of 80 ° C for 30 minutes.

The pre-bonded laminated glass was autoclaved using a pneumatic autoclave at a pressure of 12 kg / cm2 and a temperature of 135 ° C for 20 minutes to provide a transparent laminated glass.

Example 6 The procedure of Example 5 was repeated except that, in the preparation of the resin, the washing process time following the addition of the neutralizing agent was altered to 2.5 hours. In this case, the interlayer film obtained had an elemental potassium content of 5 ppm, a particle diameter of the potassium salt of 1 μm, and a particle diameter of the sodium salt not greater than 0.5 μm.

Example 7 The procedure of Example 5 was repeated except that, in the preparation of the resin, the washing process time following the addition of the neutralizing agent was altered to 3.5 hours. In this case, the interlayer film obtained had an elemental potassium content of 0.7 ppm, a particle diameter of the potassium salt not greater than 0.5 μm, and a particle diameter of the sodium salt not greater than 0.5 μm.

Comparative Example 3 The procedure of Example 5 was repeated except that, in the preparation of the resin, the washing process time following the addition of the neutralizing agent was altered to 1 hour. In this case, the interlayer film obtained had an elemental potassium content of 104 ppm, a particle diameter of the potassium salt of 6 μm, Comparative Example 4 The procedure of Example 5 was repeated except that, in the preparation of the resin, the washing process time following the addition of the neutralizing agent was altered to 0.5 hours. In this case, the interlayer film obtained had an elemental potassium content of 220 ppm, a particle diameter of the potassium salt of 9 μm.

The laminated glasses obtained in Examples 5 to 8 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 were respectively subjected to a bond strength test (Pammel) and a moisture resistance test under the same conditions as described above. The results of the evaluation are presented collectively in Table 3.

Table 3 It will be apparent that very satisfactory moisture resistance was obtained in Examples 5 to 7 Example 8 (1) Preparation of a resin To 2890 g of pure water was added 275 g of a polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and a degree of saponification of 98.9 mol%, and the mixture was heated to dissolve. After the reaction system was adjusted to 12 ° C, 201 g of the 35% hydrochloric acid catalyst and 148 g of n-butyraldehyde were added and the mixture was incubated at the same temperature to precipitate the reaction product.

The reaction mixture was then kept at 45 ° C for 3 hours to bring the reaction to completion. This reaction mixture was washed with an excess of water to remove the unreacted n-butyraldehyde and the hydrochloric acid catalyst was neutralized with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the common neutralizing agent. The product was rinsed with an excess of water for 2 hours and dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin as a white powder. This resin had a vinyl acetal content (degree of acetalization) of 65.0%. (2) Production of an interlayer film The above poly (vinyl butyral) resin, 100 parts by weight, was mixed with 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-yl butyl ether, and the mixture was pressed by molding with a provide an interlayer film. The elemental sodium content of this conformable interlayer film was determined with an elemental ICP emission spectrometric analyzer was 13 ppm. The particle diameter of the sodium salt in the interlayer film was less than 3 μm. (3 Production of a laminated glass The previous interlayer film was sandwiched between smooth 2.5 mm thick glass sheets and the assembly was placed in a plastic bag and the hot pressing adhesion was carried out at a temperature of 60 ° C and a pressure of 5 kg / cm2 under suction degassing at a reduced pressure of -600 mmHg in an autoclave for 20 minutes to provide a laminated glass.

Example 9 Except that the hot pressing temperature for the manufacture of a laminated glass was altered at 80 ° C, the procedure of the Example was repeated in another way to provide a laminated glass. The particle diameter of the sodium salt in the interlayer film was 3 μm.

Example 10 Except that the hot pressing temperature for the manufacture of a laminated glass was altered at 100 ° C, the procedure of Example 8 was repeated in another way to provide a laminated glass. The particle diameter of the sodium salt in the interlayer film was 3 μm.

Comparative Example 5 Except that the pressing temperature in The heat for the manufacture of a laminated glass was altered at 80 ° C, the procedure of Example 8 was repeated otherwise to provide a laminated glass. The sodium content of the interlayer film was 3 ppm and the particle diameter of the sodium salt thereof was 11 μm.

The laminated glasses obtained in Examples 8 to 10 and Comparative Example 5 were respectively subjected to a bond strength test (Pummel) and to a thermal resistance test under the following conditions. A moisture resistance test was also performed using the same conditions as in Example 1.

Evaluation Methods 1) Adhesion strength test (Pummel) The laminated glass is cooled to -20 ° C for 2 hours and then mounted on an automatic hammering machine. The total surface of the laminated glass is beaten uniformly with the head of the hammer and the area of the glass that adheres to the interlayer film is visually calculated to the graduated limit samples shown in Table 1 to evaluate the strength of adhesion ( value of Pummel). 'The graduated limit sample is based on a 10-point scale that gives a point for minimum adhesion and 10 points for maximum adhesion. The used automatic hammering machine is equipped with a hammer head having a curved lower surface having a radius of curvature of 50 mm and an effective striking diameter of 5 mm and weighing 240 g and the impact force of the head of the hammer. Hammer is adjustable with a spring screw. (2) Thermal resistance test In accordance with JIS R3205"Laminated Glass", the laminated glass sample is allowed to remain in an atmosphere at 130 ° C for 2 hours and then the presence or absence of air cells is taken and visually examined.

The results obtained in Examples 8 to 10 and Comparative Example 5 are shown collectively in Table 4.

Table 4 Example 11 (1) Preparation of a resin To 2890 g of pure water was added 275 g of a polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and a degree of saponification of 98.9 mol%, and the mixture was heated to dissolve. After the reaction system was adjusted to 12 ° C, 201 g of the 35% hydrochloric acid catalyst and 148 g of n-butyraldehyde were added and the mixture was incubated at the same temperature to precipitate the reaction product.

The reaction mixture was then kept at 45 ° C for 3 hours to bring the reaction to completion. This reaction mixture was washed with an excess of water (30 times the resin) to remove the unreacted n-butyraldehyde. The pH of the system at this stage was found to be 5.1. The system was then dehydrated with the Centor dehydration machine to provide a resin of 50% water content. This resin was dried in an atmosphere at 60 ° C and -700 mmHg to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin as a white powder. The acetalization rate of this resin was 65.0 mol%. (2) Production of an interlayer film The above poly (vinyl butyral) resin, 100 parts by weight, was blended with 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyl butyl ether, and the mixture was pressed-formed with an adhesive machine. molding to provide an interlayer film The elemental sodium content of this conformable interlayer film was determined with an elemental ICP emission spectrometric analyzer was 0.7 ppm The particle diameter of the sodium salt in the interlayer film was lower of 0.5 μm. (3) Production of a laminated glass The previous interlayer film was sandwiched between smooth glass sheets 2.5 mm thick and the assembly was placed in a plastic bag and hot pressed at a temperature of 60 ° C and at a pressure of 5 kg / cm2 under degassing of suction at a reduced pressure of -600 mmHg in an autoclave for 20 minutes to provide a laminated glass.

Example 12 (1) Preparation of a resin To 2890 g of pure water was added 275 g of a polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and a degree of saponification of 98.9 mol%, and the mixture was heated to dissolve. After the reaction system was adjusted to 12 ° C, 201 g of the 35% hydrochloric acid catalyst and 148 g of n-butyraldehyde were added and the mixture was incubated at the same temperature to precipitate the reaction product.

The reaction mixture was then kept at 45 ° C for 3 hours to bring the reaction to completion. This reaction mixture was washed with an excess of water (30 times the resin) to remove the unreacted n-butyraldehyde. The hydrochloric acid catalyst was neutralized with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the common neutralizing agent. Then, the reaction product was rinsed with an excess of water (30 times the resin) at 50 ° C and dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin as a white powder. The degree of acetalization of this resin was 65.0 mol%. (2) Production of an interlayer film The above poly (vinyl butyral) resin, 100 parts by weight, was blended with 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutylene glycerin, and the mixture was pressed molded with a molding machine. to provide an interlayer film. The elemental sodium content of this conformable interlayer film was determined with an elemental ICP emission spectrometric analyzer was 10 ppm. The particle diameter of the sodium salt in the interlayer film was 3 μm. 3) Production of a laminated glass The previous interlayer film was sandwiched between smooth glass sheets 2.5 mm thick and the assembly was placed in a plastic bag and hot pressed at a temperature of 60 ° C and at a pressure of 5 kg / cm2 under degassing of suction at a reduced pressure of -600 mmHg in an autoclave for 20 minutes to provide a laminated glass.

Example 13 Except that the washing of the post-neuralization was carried out with water at 60 ° C, the procedure of Example 12 was repeated to provide an interlayer film. The acetalization rate of this interlayer film was 65 mol%. The elemental sodium content of this interlayer film was 15 ppm as determined with an elemental ICP emission spectrometric analyzer. The particle diameter of the sodium salt in this interlayer film was 4 μm.

Example 14 (1) Preparation of a resin To 2890 g of pure water was added 275 g of a polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and a degree of saponification of 98.9 mol%, and the mixture was heated to dissolve. After the reaction system was adjusted to 12 ° C, 201 g of the 35% hydrochloric acid catalyst and 148 g of n-butyraldehyde were added and the mixture was incubated at the same temperature to precipitate the reaction product.

The reaction mixture was then kept at 45 ° C for 3 hours to bring the reaction to completion. This reaction mixture was washed with an excess of water to remove the unreacted n-butyraldehyde. The hydrochloric acid catalyst was neutralized with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the common neutralizing agent. The product was rinsed with an excess of water and dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin as a white powder. (2) Production of an interlayer film The above poly (vinyl butyral) resin, 100 parts by weight, was blended with 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ylbutylglyceride plasticizer, and the mixture was pressed molded with a molding machine to provide an interlayer film. The elemental sodium content of this conformable interlayer film was determined with an elemental ICP emission spectrometric analyzer was 0.7 ppm. The particle diameter of the sodium salt in the interlayer film was 0.5 μm. (3) Production of a laminated glass The previous interlayer film was sandwiched between smooth glass sheets 2.5 mm thick and the assembly was placed in a plastic bag and hot pressed at a temperature of 60 ° C and at a pressure of 5 kg / cm2 under degassing of suction at "a reduced pressure of -600 mmHg in an autoclave for 20 minutes to provide a laminated glass.

The laminated glasses obtained above in Examples 11 to 14 were respectively subjected to the following thermal resistance test. In addition, a moisture resistance test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. However, the product of Example 14 was subjected only to the moisture resistance test.Evaluation Methods (1) Thermal resistance test One gram of the resin was placed in an ordinary test tube and heated in an oil bath to 150 ° C for 60 minutes to calculate the possible degradation of the resin.

The results obtained in Examples 11 to 14 are presented collectively in Table 5.

Table 5 Example 11 12 13 14 Content of Na (ppm) 0.7 10 15 0.7 Diameter of particle 0.5 > 0.5 > of Na (μm) -: - Test of resistance O.K. 0. K. 0. K. i | thermal i I 1"j Turbidity after 13 32 i 39 24 24 hours immersion 1 'i t% \ Total evaluation o O o . ""? mc i. c J. > (i Preparation of res To 2890 g of pure water was added 275 g of a pure alcohol. Ilicc cor. an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and degree of saponification of 98.9 mol and "Cl *" in spite of sodium acetate, and the mixture was heated to dissolve, then the reaction system was set at 12: C, 201 were added to of the 35% hydrochloric acid catalyst and 148 g of n-butyraldehyde and the mixture was incubated at the same temperature to precipitate the reaction product.

The reaction mixture was then kept at 45 ° C for 3 hours to bring the reaction to completion. This reaction mixture was washed with an excess of water (3 times the resin) to remove the unreacted n-butyraldehyde and the hydrochloric acid catalyst was neutralized with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the common neutralizing agent. The product was rinsed with an excess of water and dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin as a white powder.

The degree of acetalization of this resin was 65 mol%. (2) Production of an interlayer film The above poly (vinyl butyral) resin, 100 parts by weight, was mixed with 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ylbutyl glyphosate, and the mixture was pressed-formed with a molding machine. to provide an interlayer film. The elemental sodium content of this interlayer film was 8 ppm as determined with an elemental ICP emission spectrometric analyzer.

Example 16 Except that 275 g of a polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization of 1700, a degree of saponification of 98.9 mol%, and a sodium acetate content of 0.4% weight, the procedure of Example 15 was repeated to provide a film of interlayer The degree of acetalization of this interlayer film was 65.0 mol%. The elemental sodium content of this interlayer film was 13 ppm as determined with an elemental ICP emission spectrometric analyzer.

Example 17 1) Preparation of a resin To 2890 g of pure water was added 275 g of a polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and a degree of saponification of 98.9 mol% and a sodium acetate content of 0.1% weight, and the mixture was heated to dissolve . After the reaction system was adjusted to 12 ° C, 201 g of the 35% hydrochloric acid catalyst and 148 g of n-butyraldehyde were added and the mixture was incubated at the same temperature to precipitate the reaction product.

The reaction mixture was then kept at 45 ° C for 3 hours to bring the reaction to completion. This reaction mixture was washed with an excess of water (3 times the resin) to remove the unreacted n-butyraldehyde and the hydrochloric acid catalyst was neutralized with magnesium octanoate. The product was rinsed with an excess of water and dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin as a white powder. The degree of acetalization of this resin was 65 mol%. 2) Production of an interlayer film The above poly (vinyl butyral) resin, 100 parts by weight, was mixed with 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ylbutyl di-2 -timide plasticizer, and the mixture was pressed-molded with a molding machine for provide an interlayer film. The elemental sodium content of this interlayer film was 2 ppm as determined with an elemental ICP emission spectrometric analyzer.

Example 18 Except that ethylene oxide was used as the neutralizer of the hydrochloric acid catalyst, the procedure of Example 17 was repeated to provide an interlayer film. The degree of acetalization of this interlayer film was 65.0 mol%. The elemental sodium content of this interlayer film was 2 ppm as determined with an elemental ICP emission spectrometric analyzer.

The interlayer films obtained in Examples 15-18 were respectively subjected to the thermal resistance test as in Example 11 and to a moisture resistance test as in Example 1. The results are presented in Table 6.

'Table 6 Example 19 (1) Preparation of a poly (vinyl acetal) resin To 2890 g of pure water was added 275 g of a polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and a degree of saponification of 98.9 mol%, and the mixture heated to dissolve. After the reaction system was adjusted to 12 ° C, 201 g of the 35% hydrochloric acid catalyst and 148 g of n-butyraldehyde were added and the mixture was incubated at the same temperature to precipitate the reaction product. The reaction mixture was then kept at 45 ° C for 3 hours to bring the reaction to completion. This reaction mixture was washed with an excess of water to remove the unreacted n-butyraldehyde and the hydrochloric acid catalyst was neutralized with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the common neutralizing agent. The product was rinsed with an excess of water for 2 hours and dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin as a white powder. This resin had an average degree of stabilization of 64 mol% and a residual group content of 1 mol%. (2) Production of an interlayer film for laminated glass At 100 parts of the above poly (vinyl butyral) resin (average polymerization degree: 1700, average degree of butyralization: 64 mol%, residual content of the acetyl group: 1 mol) 40 parts of the triethylene glycol di-2-ylbutyl ether and 0.08 parts of magnesium octanoate as the adhesion control agent were added, the mixture was completely melt-kneaded. a mixing roll and was pressed molded with a molding machine at 150 ° C for 30 minutes to provide an interlayer film for the "laminated glass having an average thickness of 0.76 mm.

This interlayer film for the laminated glass had a sodium content of 10 ppm and a particle diameter of the sodium salt of 1 μm. The particle diameter of the magnesium salt in the interlayer film was 0.9 μm according to "was determined with a secondary time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (TOF-SIMS). . (3) Production of a laminated glass The previous interlayer film was interspersed between sheets of clear glass (30 cm x 30 cm x 3 mm thick) and the assembly was placed in a plastic bag and de-aerated under a vacuum of 20 Torr for 20 minutes. The deaerated assembly was transferred directly to an oven and pressed under a vacuum at 90 ° C for 30 minutes.

The laminated glass preadherished in this manner obtained was further subjected to a post-adhesion in a pneumatic autoclave at a temperature of 135 ° C and a pressure of 12 kg / cm2 for 20 minutes to provide a laminated glass.

E xemployment 20 Except that, in the production of an interlayer film for the laminated glass, 0.09 parts of magnesium neodecanoate was used as the adhesion force control agent, the procedure of Example 19 was repeated to provide an interlayer film for the laminated glass and laminated glass The particle diameter of the magnesium salt in the interlayer film for the laminated glass obtained in the above manner was 0.5 μm as determined by the same method as in Example 19.

Example 21 Except that, in the production of an interlayer film for the laminated glass, 0.04 parts of magnesium chloride was used instead of 0.08 parts of magnesium octanoate as the adhesion force control agent, the procedure of Example 19 was repeated to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass.

The particle diameter of the magnesium salt in the interlayer film for laminated glass obtained in the above manner was 2 μm as determined by the same method as in Example 19.

Example 22 Except that, in the production of a poly (vinyl acetal) resin, the basic magnesium carbonate was used in place of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution as the neutralizing agent, the procedure of Example 19 was repeated to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) of white powder with an average degree of polymerization of 1700, an average degree of stabilization of 64 mol%, and a content of the residual acetyl group of 1 mol%.

Then, an interlayer film was prepared for the laminated glass and a laminated glass in substantially the same manner as in Example 19, except that, in the preparation of the interlayer film for the laminated glass, 100 parts of the poly resin (vinyl butyral) above was used "instead of 100 parts of the poly (vinyl butyral) resin prepared in Example 19 and the addition of 0.08 parts of magnesium octanoate was omitted as the strength control agent. This interlayer film had a sodium content of 0.7 ppm and a particle diameter of the sodium salt not greater than 0.5 μm.The particle diameter of the magnesium salt in this interlayer film was 2 μm as determined from the same way as' in Example 19.

Example 23 Except that, in the production of a poly (vinyl acetal) resin, aqueous hydroxide solution was used in place of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution as the neutralizing agent, the procedure of Example 19 was repeated to provide a poly (vinyl 'butyral) of white powder with an average degree of polymerization of 1700, an average degree of stabilization of 64 mol%, and a content of the residual acetyl group of 1 mol%.

Then, an interlayer film was prepared for the laminated glass and a laminated glass in substantially the same manner as in Example 19 except that 100 parts of the poly (vinyl butyral) resin was used instead of 100 parts of the resin. poly (vinyl butyral) obtained in Example 19 and the addition of 0.08 parts of magnesium octanoate as the adhesion control agent in the preparation of the interlayer film was omitted.

This interlayer film had a sodium content of 0.7 ppm and a particle diameter of the sodium salt not greater than 0.5 μm. The particle diameter of the magnesium salt in this interlayer film was 2.5 μm as determined in the same manner as in Example 19.

Comparative Example 6 Except 0.04 parts of magnesium acetate, which is exceedingly soluble in the poly (vinyl butyral) resin and the thickener, was used instead of 0.08 parts of magnesium octanoate as the adhesion control agent. in the preparation of an interlayer film for laminated glass, the procedure of Example 19 was repeated to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass.

The particle diameter of the magnesium salt in the interlayer film for the laminated glass obtained in the above manner was 10 μm as determined by the same method as Example 19.

Comparative Example 7 Except 0.04 parts of magnesium acetate, which is exceedingly soluble in the poly (vinyl butyral) resin and the piasthylene, and 0.05 parts of the butyl acid which is the short chain organic acid were used instead of 0.08 parts of Magnesium octanoate as the adhesion force control agent in the preparation of an interlayer film for laminated glass, the procedure of Example 19 was repeated to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass.

The particle diameter of the magnesium salt in the interlayer film for the laminated glass obtained in the above manner was 4 μm as determined by the same method as Example 19.

The interlayer film for the laminated glasses obtained in Examples 19 to 23 and Comparative Examples 6 and 7 were respectively subjected to a moisture resistance test as in Example 1. The results are presented in Table 7.

Table 7 It will be apparent from Table 7 that the laminated glasses according to Examples 19 to 23 of the invention have excellent moisture resistance.

In contrast, the laminated glasses according to Comparative Examples 6 and 7, in which the particle diameters of the magnesium salt contained in the interlayer films were greater than 3 μm, showed poor moisture resistance.

Example 24 Synthesis and production Synthesis of poly (vinyl butyral) resin A reactor equipped with a stirring medium was charged with 2900 parts by weight of deionized water and 198 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and a degree of saponification of 99.2% mol (corresponding to 4.5 moles). of vinyl alcohol) and the charge was heated to 95 ° C with stirring to dissolve. After this solution was cooled to 30 ° C, 208 parts by weight (2.1 moles) of 35% by weight hydrochloric acid and 152 parts (2.1 moles) of n-butyraldehyde were added. After the liquid temperature was lowered to 2 ° C, the reaction system was maintained at this temperature to precipitate the poly (vinyl butyral) resin. The liquid temperature was then increased to 30 ° C and maintained at this level for 5 hours. Subsequently, the reaction mixture was neutralized with 156 parts by weight (1.8 moles) of sodium acid carbonate, washed with water and dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin with a degree of butylization of 65%. mol.

The sodium content of this poly (vinyl butyral) resin was 50 ppm as determined by ICP emission spectrometry. The particle diameter of the sodium salt was 12 μm.

Production of a resin film One hundred (100) parts by weight of the poly (vinyl butyral) resin was obtained as above, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 0.05 parts by weight of the ethanediamine ethanediamine acid, 0.04 parts. by weight of magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate and 0.05 parts by weight of modified silicone oil were fed to a mixing roller and kneaded. Using a molding machine, this kneaded material was pressed molded at 150 ° C and 120 kg / cm2 for 30 minutes to provide a 0.8 mm thick resin film. This resin film was subjected to a moisture resistance test as in Example 1.

As the modified silicone oil, the oil of the following chemical formula was used.

Enerólo 25 Eve.; a res. film from r.aner c cr.o 7'er-plc 24 ecept that ar s was used in t-is: salt cilaiaeh ao instead of acid and ethanediamine ethacrylate. The results are shown in Table 8.

Example 26 A resin film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24 except that 1.0 parts by weight of oxalic acid was used instead of 0.05 parts by weight of etherendiaminetetraacetic acid. The results are shown in Table 8.

Example 27 A resin film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24 except that 0.03 parts by weight of 1, 10-phenanthroline was used instead of 0.05 parts by weight of ethanediamine ethoacetic acid. The results are shown in Table 8.

Example 2 i A resin film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24 except that 0.3 part by weight of acetylacetone was used instead of 0.05 part by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The results are shown in Table 8.

Comparative Example A resin film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24 except that 0.05 part by weight of etherendiaminetetraacetic acid was not used. The results are shown in Table 8.

Comparative Example 9 A resin film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 24 except that 0.3 part by weight of acetone was used in place of 0.05 part by weight of ethanedi et auretic acid radic acid. Table 8 Table 8 Example 29 (1) Preparation of poly (vinyl acetal) resin In 2890 g of pure water, 275 g of a polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and a degree of saponification of 98.9 mol% under heating were dissolved. After this reaction system was adjusted to 12 ° C, 201 g of 35 wt% hydrochloric acid catalyst and 148 g of n-butyraldehyde were added and the mixture was incubated at this temperature to precipitate the reaction product. This reaction system was maintained at 45 ° C for 3 hours to bring the reaction to completion. The reaction mixture was then washed with an excess of water to remove the unreacted n-butyraldehyde and the hydrochloric acid catalyst was neutralized with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the common neutralizing agent. The product was rinsed with an excess of water for 2 hours and dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin as a white powder. This resin had an average degree of butyralization of 64 mol% and an acetyl group content of the resin of 1 mol%. (2) Production of an interlayer film for laminated glass To 100 parts of the above poly (vinyl butyral) resin (average polymerization degree: 1700, degree of stabilization: 64 mol%, residual acetyl group content: 1 mol%) were added 40 parts of the styrant di-2-yl butyl triethylene glycol, 0.75 parts of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid as the organic acid and 0.13 parts of dimethyloctylamine as the amine. The mixture was completely melt-kneaded with a mixing roller and pressed molded with a molding machine at 150 ° C for 30 minutes to provide an interlayer film for the laminated glass having an average thickness of 0.76 mm in thickness.

The sodium content of the previous interlayer film was 50 ppm as determined by ICP emission spectrometry. The particle diameter of the elemental sodium in the interlayer film was 4 μm as determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry by time of flight (TOF-SIMS). (3 Production of a laminated glass The previous interlayer film was interspersed between smooth glass sheets (30 cm x 30 cm x 3 mm thick) and the assembly was placed in a plastic bag and de-aerated under a vacuum of 20 Torr for 20 minutes. The deaerated assembly was immediately transferred to an oven at 90 ° C and pressed under a suction at a constant temperature of 80 ° C for 30 minutes.

The thus preadherished glass obtained was subjected to a post-adhesion in a pneumatic autoclave at 135 ° C and 12 kg / cm2 for 20 minutes to provide a laminated glass.

The interlayer film for the laminated glass thus obtained was subjected to a moisture resistance test as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 9.

Example 30 A resin film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 29 except that 0.30 parts of octanoic acid was added instead of 0. 75 parts of acidic dodecyl acidic acid as the organic acid and 0.35 parts of decylamine instead of 0.13 parts of dimethyl iloct and laminate as the amine in the preparation of the interlayer film for the laminated glass. The results are shown in Table 9.

The particle diameter of the elemental sodium in the previous interlayer film was 5 μm as determined in the same manner as in Example 29.

Example 31 A resin film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 29 except that 0.20 parts of the di (2-ethyhexyl) phosphoric acid was added in place of 0.75 parts of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid as the organic acid in the preparation of the interlayer film for laminated glass. The results are shown in Table 9.

The particle diameter of the elemental sodium in the interlayer film was 2 μm as determined in the same manner by the method as in Example 29.

Comparative Example 10 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 29 except that the dispersing organic acid and the amine were not added in the preparation of the interlayer film for the laminated glass. The results are shown in Table 9.

The particle diameter of the elemental sodium in the interlayer film was 20 μm as determined in the same manner by the method as in Example 29.

Comparative Example 11 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 29 except that the addition of the organic dispersant acid and the amine was omitted and the washing time was altered from 2 hours to 3 hours in the preparation of the interlayer film for the glass laminate. The results are shown in Table 9.

The sodium content of the interlayer film was 30 ppm as determined by the same procedure as in Example 29. The particle diameter of elemental sodium as determined by the same method as in Example 29 was 13 μm .

Table 9 Example 32 Synthesis and formation of the sheet (Synthesis of poly (vinyl butyral) resin A reactor equipped with a stirring medium was charged with 2900 parts by weight of deionized water, 198 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and a degree of saponification of 99.2 mol% (corresponding to 4.5 moles of vinyl alcohol) and the charge was heated to 95 C with stirring to dissolve. After this solution was cooled to 30 ° C, 196 parts by weight (1.9 moles) of 35% by weight hydrochloric acid and 152 parts by weight (2.1 moles) of n-butyraldehyde were added. After the temperature of the liquid was lowered to 2 ° C, the reaction mixture was incubated at this temperature to precipitate the poly (vinyl butyral) resin. The temperature of the liquid was then increased to 30 ° C and maintained at this level for 5 hours.

Subsequently, the reaction mixture was neutralized with 147 parts by weight (1.7 moles) of sodium acid carbonate, washed with water and dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin with a degree of butylization of 65%. mol.

The sodium content of this poly (vinyl butyral) resin was 50 ppm as determined by ICP emission spectrometry. The particle diameter of the sodium salt was 12 μm.

(Preparation of a resin film One hundred (100) parts by weight of the above poly (vinyl butyral) resin, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ylbutyrate, 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine are They fed a mixer roller and kneaded it. This kneaded material was molded by pressing with a molding machine at 150 ° C and 120 kg / cm2 for 10 minutes to provide a 0.8 mm thick resin film. This resin film was subjected to a wet opacity resistance test as in the Example The results are shown in Table 10 Example 33 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that 0.49 parts by weight of t and radecylamine was used instead of 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine. The results are shown in Table 10.

Example 34 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that 0.75 parts by weight of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid was used instead of 0. 43% weight of p-toluensulonic acid. The results are shown in Table 10.

Example 35 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that 0.15 parts by weight of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid was used instead of 0.07 parts by weight of decylamine instead of 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 0.23 parts. by weight of hexylamine. The results are shown in the Table 10 Example 36 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that 0.75 parts by weight of dodecyl Ibencensulonic acid and 0.36 parts by weight of decylamine were used instead of 0.43 parts by weight of p-tcl in sulfonic acid and 0.23. parts by weight of r.exilaraipa, The results are shown in the Table or 3 ' Resin film was prepared and evaluated as in "Example 37 except that 0.75 parts by weight of the deficit cycler was used and 0.42 parts by weight of 0.43 parts in cessation of the acid. The first results and the 0.23 parts by weight of the final results are shown in the - c: i. -. a Example 38 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that 0.75 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.55 parts by weight of N, N-dioctylamine were used instead of 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 0.23 parts by weight. parts by weight of hexylamine. The results are shown in Table 10.

Example 39 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that 0.37 parts by weight of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid and 0.18 parts by weight of N-dimethyloctylamine were used instead of 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid. and 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine. The results are shown in Table 10.

Example 40 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that 0.75 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.36 parts by weight of dodecylamine were used instead of 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine. The results are shown in Table 1 OA Example 41 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that 0.75 parts by weight of the dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.49 parts by weight of N, N-dimethydodecylamine were used instead of 0.43 parts by weight of the p-toluensulonic acid and 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine. The results are shown in Table 10.

Comparative Example 12 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that the addition of 0. 43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 0. 23 parts by weight of hexylamine. The results are shown in Table 10.

Comparative Example 13 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that the addition of 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid was omitted and 0.36 parts by weight of decylamine was used instead of 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine. The results are shown in Table 10.

Comparative Example 14 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that the addition of 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine was omitted. The results are shown in Table 10.

Comparative Example 15 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that 0.80 parts by weight of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was used instead of 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine. The results are shown in Table 10.

Comparative Example 16 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 32 except that 0.33 parts by weight of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride was used instead of 0.43 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 0.23 parts by weight of hexylamine. The results are shown in Table 10.

? Table 10 Example 42 (Preparation of a poly (vinyl butyral) resin) The poly (vinyl butyral) resin synthesized in Example 32 was further rinsed with water and dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin with reduced sodium content.

The sodium content of this poly (vinyl butyral) resin was 20 ppm as determined by ICP emission spectrometry. The particle diameter of the sodium salt was 3.5 μm.

(Preparation of a resin film) One hundred (100) parts by weight of the poly (vinyl butyral resin) obtained above, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexyl, 0.33 parts by weight of the dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.17 parts by weight of the decylamine are they were kneaded together and pressed by compression under the same conditions as used in Example 32 to provide a 0.8 mm thick resin film. This resin film was subjected to a wet opacity test as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 11.

Example 43 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 42 except that 0.17 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.09 parts by weight of decylamine were used instead of 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.17 parts by weight of decylamine.

Example 44 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 42 except that 0.03 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulonic acid and 0.02 parts by weight of decylamine were used instead of 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid and 0.17 parts by weight of dec. sheet .

Example 5 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 42 except that 0.17 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine was used instead of 0.17 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 11.

Example 46 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 42 except that 0.17 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.09 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyloctyl were used instead of 0.33 parts by weight of sodium dodecylbenzene acid and 0.17 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 11.

Example 47 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 42 except that 0.03 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.02 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine were used instead of 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.17. parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 11.

Example 48 A resyria film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 42 except that 0.30 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.02 parts by weight of N, N-dimethydodecylamine were used instead of 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.17 parts by weight. decylamine weight. The results. Are shown in Table 11.

Example 49 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 42 except that 0.12 parts by weight of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid and 0.08 parts by weight of, N-dimethyldocylamine were used instead of 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.17. parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 11.

Comparative Example 17 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 42 except that the addition of 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.17 parts by weight of decylamine was omitted. The results are shown in the Table 11.

Comparative Example 18 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 42 except that the addition of 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid was omitted and that 0.36 parts by weight of decylamine was used instead of 0.17 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 11.

Comparative Example 19 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 42 except that 0.30 parts by weight of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid was used instead of 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid and 0.17 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 11.

Comparative Example 20 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 42 except that 0.50 parts by weight of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was used instead of 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.17 parts by weight of decylamine. The "results are shown in Table 11.

Comparative Example 21 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 42 except that 0.50 parts by weight of dodecyl chloride rimetlammonium was used instead of 0.33 parts by weight of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid and 0.17 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 11.

I-1 Table 11 Example 50 One hundred (100) parts by weight of the poly (vinyl butyral) resin synthesized in Example 32, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 0.30 parts by weight of octanoic acid and 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine they were kneaded together and pressed by compression under the same conditions as in Example 32 to provide a 0.8 mm thick resin film. This resin film was subjected to a wet opacity test as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 12.

Example 51 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 50 except that 0.40 parts by weight of dodecylamine was used instead of 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 12.

Example 52 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 50 except that 0.45 parts by weight of t and radecylamine was used instead of 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 12.

Example 53 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 50 except that 0.50 parts by weight of myristic acid and 0.40 parts by weight of dodecylamine were used instead of 0.30 parts by weight of octanoic acid and 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 12.

Example 54 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 50 except that 0.45 parts by weight of N, N-dimet and Idodeci sheet was used instead of 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 12.

Example 55 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 50 except that 0.30 parts by weight of benzoic acid and 0.40 parts by weight of dodecylamine were used instead of 0.30 parts by weight of octanoic acid and 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine. The results are shown in Table 12.

Comparative Example 22 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 50 except that the addition of 0.35 parts by weight of decylamine was omitted. The results are shown in Table 12. • 4! - U1 Table 12 Example 56 One hundred (100) parts by weight of the poly (vinyl butyral) resin prepared in Example 42, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 0.16 parts by weight of di (n-butyl) phosphoric acid and 0.14 parts by weight of decylamine were kneaded together and crimped by pressing under the same conditions as in Example 32 to provide a resin film of 0.8 mm thickness. This resin film was subjected to a wet opacity test as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 13.

Example 57 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 56 except that 0.17 parts by weight of di (n-but-yl) phosphoric acid and 0.13 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyl isolate were used instead of 0.16. parts by weight of acid di (n-but i 1) phosphoric acid and 0.14 parts by weight of dodecylamine. The results are shown in Table 13.

Example 58 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 56 except that 0.19 parts by weight of di (n-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid and 0.11 parts by weight of dodecylamine were used instead of 0.16 parts by weight of di (n-) acid. butyl) phosphoric acid and 0.14 parts by weight of dodecylamine. The results are shown in Table 13.

Example 59 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 56 except that 0.20 parts by weight of di (n-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid and 0.10 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine were used instead of 0.16 parts by weight. weight of di (n-but-yl) phosphoric acid and 0.14 parts by weight of dodecylamine. The results are shown in Table 13.

Example 60 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 56 except that 0.20 parts by weight of di (n-dodecyl) phosphoric acid and 0.10 parts by weight of dodecylamine were used instead of 0.16 parts by weight of di (n-) acid. but il) phosphoric and 0.14 parts by weight of dodecylamine. The results are shown in Table 13.

Example 61 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 56 except that 0.21 part by weight of di (2-dodecyl) phosphoric acid and 0.09 part by weight of, N-dimethyloctylamine were used instead of 0.16 parts by weight of di (n-but-yl) phosphoric acid and 0.14 parts by weight of dodecylamine. The results are shown in Table 13.

Example 62 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 56 except that 0.17 parts by weight of diphenylphosphoric acid and 0.13 parts by weight of dodecylamine were used instead of 0.16 parts by weight of di (n-butyl) acid. phosphoric and 0.14 parts by weight of dodecylamine. The results are shown in Table 13 Comparative Example 23 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 56 except that 0.30 parts by weight of sodium mono (n-dodecyl) phosphate was used instead of 0.16 parts by weight of dietic acid di (n-butyl) phos and 0.14 parts by weight of dodecylamine. The results are shown in Table 13.

Comparative Example 24 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 56 except that 0.33 parts by weight of dodecyl-1-trimethylammonium chloride was used instead of 0.16 parts by weight of di (n-but-yl) -phosphoric acid and 0.14 parts by weight. of dodecylamine. The results are shown in Table 13.

• Ul or Table 13 Example 63 (1) Preparation of a poly (vinyl acetal) resin "At 2890 g of pure water, 275 g of a polyvinyl alcohol with an average degree of polymerization of 1700 and a degree of saponification of 98.9 mol% were dissolved under heating, after which the temperature of the reaction system was adjusted to 12 ° C. they added 201 g of the 35% hydrochloric acid catalyst and 148 g of n-butyraldehyde and the mixture was incubated at the same temperature to precipitate the reaction product.The reaction system was then kept at 45 ° C for 3 hours to carry This reaction mixture was washed with an excess of water to remove the n-butyraldehyde and the hydrochloric acid catalyst was neutralized with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the mixture was further washed with an excess of water for 2 hours. hours and then dried to provide a poly (vinyl butyral) resin as a white powder.This poly (vinyl butyral) resin showed an average degree of polymerization of 1700, a degree of bu 65% mole, a residual acetyl group content of 1 mol%, a residual vinyl alcohol content of 34 mol%, a neutral salt (NaCl) content of 20 ppm as sodium, a particle diameter of Neutral sodium salt of 2 μm. (2) Production of an interlayer film for laminated glass To 100 parts of the poly (vinyl butyral) resin obtained as above were added 4 parts of the triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate butyl ether (3GH), 0.071 parts (2.8x10 ~ 4 moles) of the metal salt of carboxylate (adhesion control agent), 2-butyl magnesium anoalate (of 6 carbons) and the appropriate amounts of ultraviolet absorber and antioxidant, followed by total mixing. The organic acid content of the 3GH used above was 100 ppm. Then, using a compact extruder (registered trademark: Laboplas tomill, Toyo Precision Machinery) equipped with a die T, the mixture prepared as above was extruded at an extrusion temperature of 80 to 180 ° C and the die exit temperature of 200 ° C to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass of approximately 0.8 mm thickness. 3) Production of a laminated glass After the interlayer film for the laminated glass prepared as above was conditioned in a constant humidity chamber at constant temperature, at a water content of 0.4 to 0.5% by weight, it was interspersed between two sheets of smooth glass (2.4 mm. thickness) and preadherió by means of a roller. This pre-bonded assembly was post-bonded in an autoclave at a temperature of 130 ° C and a pressure of 13 kg / cm2 to provide a laminated glass.

Evaluation The characteristic development (Pummel value) of the previous laminated glass was evaluated by the method described below. The moisture resistance of the laminate was evaluated by the method described in Example 1. The results are set forth in Table 14.

Evaluation method (1) Value of Pummel The laminated glass was left standing at a temperature of -18 ° ± 0.6 ° C for 16 hours to condition it is struck with a hammer having a head weighing 0.45 kg until the diameter of the produced glass fragments has reached 6 mm or less. After, the degree of exposure of the interlayer film after partial exfoliation of the glass was evaluated against the graduated limit sample and converted to Pammel value according to the criteria shown in Table 1. The Pummel value was determined under three conditions , (a) initial, (b) after 1 month at 50 C, and (c) after 2 months at 50 ° C. The bigger Pammel's value is, the higher the bond strength between the sheet and the glass. By the same sample, the smallest value of Pammel is the lower of the bond strength between the interlayer film and the glass.

Examples 64 to 69 Except that the metal salt or carboxylates shown in Table 14 were respectively used as the adhesion strength control agent, the procedure of Example 63 was repeated to provide the interlayer film for the laminated glasses and the laminated glasses.

Comparative Example 25 Except that 0.04 parts (2.8xl0 ~ 4 mol) of magnesium acetate (2 carbons) was used instead of 0.071 parts of 2-et i lbutanoat or magnesium as the metal salt or carboxylate in the preparation of an interlayer film for laminated glass, the procedure of Example 63 was repeated to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass.

Comparative Example 26 Except that the metal salt of the carboxylate shown in Table 14 was incorporated as the adhesion force control agent, the procedure of Example 63 was repeated to provide an interlayer film for the laminated glass and a laminated glass.

The performance characteristics of the laminated glasses obtained in Examples 64 to 69 and Comparative Examples 25 and 26 were evaluated as in Example 63. The results are set forth in Table 14.

• Ul Table 14 Example 70 An interlayer film was prepared for the laminated glass as in Example 63 except that the following composition was used: 100 parts of the poly (vinyl butyral) resin prepared as in Example 65 (average degree of polymerization: 1650, degree of but radicalization: 67 mol%, content of residual acetyl group: 1 mol%, content of residual vinyl alcohol: 32 mol%, sodium content: 20 ppm, particle diameter of neutral salt: 2 μm) as the resin of poly (vinyl acetal), 38 parts of triethylene glycol di-2-ethexanoate (3GO) as the plasticizer, 0.071 parts (2.8xl074 mol) of magnesium 2-ethylacetate (6-carbon) as the metal salt of carboxylate, appropriate amounts of ultraviolet and antioxidant absorber.

Using the interlayer film for the laminated glass obtained as above, a laminated glass was manufactured in the manner as in Example 63.

Examples 71 and 72 Except the metal salt of carboxylates shown in Table 15 were used respectively as the "adhesion force control agent," the procedure of Example 70 was repeated to provide the interlayer film for the laminated glasses and the laminated glasses.

Example 73 An interlayer film was prepared for the laminated glass and a laminated glass as in Example 70 except that a poly (vinyl butyral) resin was used as a poly (vinyl acetal) resin (average degree of polymerization: 1650, degree of buti ralization: 67 mol%, residual acetyl group content: 1 mol%, residual vinyl alcohol content: 32 mol%, neutral salt content (sodium chloride) which had been reduced to 10 ppm as sodium washing with pure water.

Examples 74 to 78 Except the metal salt of carboxylates shown in Table 15 were respectively used as the adhesion strength control agent, the procedure of Example 70 was repeated to provide the interlayer film for the laminated glasses and the laminated glasses.

Comparative Example 27 An interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass was prepared as in Example 70 except that 0.04 parts (2.8 × 10 ~ 4 mol) of magnesium acetate was added instead of 0.071 parts of magnesium 2-ethobutanoate as the metal salt of carboxylate in the preparation of an interlayer film for laminated glass.

The development characteristics for the laminated glasses obtained in Examples 70 to 78 and Comparative Example 27 were evaluated as in Example 63. The results are set forth in Table 15. "> Table 15 Example 79 As the interlayer film for the laminated glass was prepared as the same procedure as in Example 63 except that the following sheet composition was used: 100 parts of a poly (vinyl butyral) resin (average polymerization degree: 1720, degree of substitution: 66 mol%, content of the residual acetyl group: 1 mol%, content of vinyl alcohol: 33 mol%, sodium content: 20 ppm, particle diameter of the neutral salt: 2 μm) as the poly (vinyl butyral) resin, 39 parts of tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethexanoate (4GO) as the flavoring agent, 0.079 parts (2.8xl0-4 mol) of magnesium 2 -etipentenoate (7 carbons) ) as the carboxylate metal salt, and the appropriate amounts of ultraviolet and antioxidant absorber.

Using the interlayer film for the laminated glass obtained above, a laminated glass was manufactured as in Example 63.

Example 80 to 82 Except for the metal salt of carboxylates shown in Table 16 were used respectively as the adhesion strength control agent, the procedure of Example 79 was repeated to provide the interlayer film for the laminated glasses and the laminated glasses.

Comparative Example 28 An interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass was prepared as in Example 79 except that 0.04 parts (2.8 × 10 ~ 4 mol) of magnesium acetate (2 carbons) was used instead of 0.079 parts of 2-ethylpentanoate of magnesium as the carboxylate metal salt in the preparation of the interlayer film for laminated glass.

The development characteristics for the laminated glasses obtained in Examples 79 to 82 and Comparative Example 28 were evaluated as in Example 63. The results are set forth in Table 16.

Table 16 Example An interlayer film for the laminated glass was prepared as in Example 63 except that the following composition was used: 100 parts of a poly (vinyl butyral) resin (average degree of polymerization: 1650, degree of butylation: 68% mol , content of the residual acetyl group: 1 mol%, content of vinyl alcohol: 31 mol%, the content of the neutral salt (sodium chloride) which had been reduced to 20 ppm as sodium by washing with water, as the poly resin (vinyl acetal), 36 parts of dihexyl adipate (DHA) as the piasthiic acid, 0.071 parts (2.8xl0-4 mol) of magnesium 2 -eti-ilbutanoate (6-carbon) as the metal salt of carboxylate, and the amounts appropriate ultraviolet and antioxidant absorber.

Using the interlayer film for the laminated glass obtained above, a laminated glass was manufactured as in Example 63.

Examples 84 and 85 Except for the metal salt of carboxylates shown in Table 17 were used respectively as the agent for controlling the adhesion force, the interlayer film for the laminated glasses and the laminated glasses were prepared as in Example 83.

Comparative Example 29 An interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass was prepared as in Example 83 except that 0.04 parts (2.8xl0 ~ 4 mol) of magnesium acetate (2 carbons) was added instead of 0.071 parts of 2-et. Magnesium Ibutanoate as the carboxylate metal salt in the preparation of the interlayer film.

Comparative Example 30 Except the metal carboxylate salt shown in Table 17 was used as the adhesion strength control agent, the procedure of Example 83 was repeated to provide an interlayer film for the laminated glass and a laminated glass.

The development characteristics for the laminated glasses obtained in Examples 83 to 85 and Comparative Examples 29 and 30 were evaluated as in Example 63. The results are set forth in Table 17. • oo Table 17 Example 86 One hundred (100) parts by weight of the poly (vinyl butyral) resin obtained in Example 42, 4 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 0.056 parts by weight of camphorsulfonic acid and 0.044 parts by weight of N, -dimethyloctylamine were kneaded together and pressed molded under the same conditions as in Example 42 to provide a 0.8 mm thick resin film. This resin film was subjected to a wet opacity resistance test as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 18.

Example 87 A resin film was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 86 except that 0.043 parts of hydroxypropanesulfonic acid and 0.057 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine were used instead of 0.056 parts by weight of phonorphonic acid and 0.044 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine The results are shown in Table 18.

Example 88 Except that 0.056 parts by weight of mesylic ionic acid was used instead of 0.056 parts by weight of camphorsulfonic acid, a resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 86. The results are shown in Table 18.

Example 89 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 86 except that 0.08 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.02 parts by weight of pyridine were used instead of 0.056 parts by weight of camphor sulphonic acid and 0.044 parts by weight of N , N-dimet iloct ilamine The results are shown in Table 18.

Example 90 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 86 except that 0.061 parts by weight of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and 0.039 parts by weight of p-toluidine were used instead of 0.056 parts by weight of camphorsulfonic acid and 0.044 parts by weight of N , N-dimethyloctylamine The results are shown in Table 18.

Example 91 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 86 except that 0.048 parts by weight of 1,1-cyclohexanediacetic acid and 0.104 parts by weight of dodecylamine were used instead of 0.056 parts by weight of phonorphonic acid and 0.044 parts by weight. by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine The results are shown in Table 18.

E jmplo 92 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 86 except that 0.042 parts by weight of salicylic acid and 0.06 parts by weight of dodecylamine were used instead of 0.056 parts by weight of camphor phonic acid and 0.044 parts by weight of N, N-dimet iloct i lamina The results are shown in Table i: Comparative Example 31 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 86 except that 0.1 part by weight of pyridine was used instead of 0.056 part by weight of camphor sulphonic acid and 0.044 part by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine. The results are shown in Table 18.

Comparative Example 32 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 86 except that 0.1 parts by weight of salicylic acid was used instead of 0.056 parts by weight of camphor sulphonic acid and 0.044 parts by weight of N-dimetylloctylamine. Results are shown in Table 18.

Comparative Example 33 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 86 except that 0.1 part by weight of sodium camphorsulfonate was used instead of 0.056 parts by weight of camphorsulfonic acid and 0.044 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine. Results they are shown in Table 18.

Comparative Example 34 A resin film was prepared and evaluated as in Example 86 except that 0.1 part by weight of pyridinium chloride was used instead of 0.056 part by weight of camphorsulfonic acid and 0.04.4 parts by weight of N, N-dimet and loeti. Lamina The results are shown in Table 18.

Table 18 Example 93 One hundred (100) parts by weight of the poly (vinyl butyral) resin prepared in Example 42, 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 0.4 parts by weight of octanoic acid, 0.11 parts by weight of N , N-dimethyloctylamine and 0.037 parts by weight of magnesium 2-ethyldbutyrate were kneaded together and pressed molded as in Example 42 to provide a resin film of 0.8 mm thickness. This resin film was subjected to a wet opacity test as in Example 1.

In addition, the above resin film was sandwiched between two sheets of glass (4x4 cm) to make a laminated glass. Using this laminated glass, a peel test was performed by the following method. The results are shown in Table 19.

Release test The laminated glass was immersed in water at 60 C for 1 week and dried. in an oven at 80 ° C during 4 hours. This cycle of immersion and drying was repeated for a total of 3 times and visually examined • the degree of exfoliation of the interlayer film attached to the laminated glass.

Example 94 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated as in Example 93 except that the amount of N, N-dimethyloctylamine was altered to 0. 28 parts by weight. The results are shown in the Table 19 Example 95 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated as in Example 93 except that the amount of octanoic acid was altered to 0.1 parts by weight and that of N, N-dimethyloctylamine was altered to 0.06 parts by weight. The results are shown in Table 19.

Example 96 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated as in Example 93 except that the amount of octanoic acid and N, N-dimethyloctylamine were altered to 0.2 parts by weight and 0.09 parts by weight, respectively, and in addition , 0.045 parts by weight of 2-ethylhexanoate or magnesium was used instead of 0.037 parts by weight of magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate. The results are shown in Table 19.

Example 97 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated as in Example 93 except that the amount of octanoic acid and N, N-dimethyloctylamine was altered to 0.1 parts by weight and 0.06 parts by weight, respectively, and, 0.045 parts by weight of magnesium 2-ylhexanoate was used in place of 0.037 parts by weight of magnesium 2-butyl butyrate. The results are shown in Table 19.

Example 98 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated as in Example 93 except that the amount of octanoic acid was altered to 0.1 parts by weight and 0.06 parts by weight of decylamine and 0.045 parts by weight of 2-ethexanoate were used. of magnesium instead of 0.11 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine and 0.037 parts by weight of magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate. The results are shown in Table 19.

Example 99 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated as in Example 93 except that the amount of octanoic acid was used at 0.03 parts by weight of di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid instead of 0. 4 parts by weight of octanoic acid and the amount of N, N-dimethyloctylamine was altered to 0.02 parts by weight. The results are shown in Table 19.

Comparative Example 35 The laminated glass obtained in Comparative Example 12 was subjected to a peel test as in Example 93. The results are shown in Table 19.

Comparative Example 36 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated as in Example 93 except that the addition of octanoic acid and N, N-dimethyloctylamine was omitted. The results are shown in Table 19.

Comparative Example 37 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated as in Example 93 except that the addition of N, N-dimethyloctylamine was omitted. The results are shown in Table 19.

Comparative Example 38 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated as in Example 93 except that the addition of octanoic acid was omitted. The results are shown in Table 19.

Comparative Example 39 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated as in Example 93 except that the addition of octanoic acid and N, N-dimethyl isolate was omitted and 0.045 part by weight of magnesium 2-ethexanoate was used in instead of 0.037 parts by weight of magnesium 2-et i lbutory. The results are shown in Table 19.

Comparative Example 40 A resin film and a laminated glass were prepared and evaluated as in Example 93 except that 0.2 parts by weight of octanoic acid and 0.045 parts by weight of magnesium 2-ethexanoate were used instead of 0.4 parts by weight of octanoic acid. , 0.11 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine and 0.037 parts by weight of magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate. The results are shown in Table 19.

Comparative Example 41 A film of resin and a laminated glass was prepared and evaluated as in Example 93 except that 0.1 part by weight of octanoic acid and 0.045 part by weight of magnesium 2-ethexanoate were used instead of 0.4 part by weight of acid octanoic, 0.11 parts by weight of N, N-dimethyloctylamine and 0.037 parts by weight of magnesium 2-ylbutyl butyrate. The results are shown in Table 19. 00 Table 19 APBILITY INDUSTRIAL Having the constitution described above, the present invention provides an interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass, which are substantially free of opacity along the peripheral edge of the glass even in a highly humid environment and are not adversely affected. in transparency, resistance to the environment, resistance to the strength of adhesion and penetration.

It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known by the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is the conventional one for the manufacture of the objects to which it relates.

Having described the invention as above, the content of the following is claimed as property.

Claims (26)

1. An interlayer film for laminated glass, characterized in that it comprises a plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin and that it has turbidity after 24 hours of immersion no greater than 50% when the interlayer film with a thickness of 0.3 to 0.8 mm It is immersed in water at 23 ° C.

2. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that the sodium salt in the interlayer film has a particle diameter not greater than 10 μm.

3. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sodium salt in the interlayer film has a particle diameter not greater than 5 μm.

4. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the sodium concentration is not greater than 5 ppm.

5. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that the particle diameter of the potassium salt in the interlayer film is not greater than 5 μm.

6. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the concentration of potassium in the interlayer film is not greater than 100 ppm.

7. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that it further comprises a compound capable of forming a complex with the sodium and potassium salts.

8. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that it also comprises an organic acid compatible with the resin and the piasstifier and an amine compatible with the resin and plast ficante

9. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that it also comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts and salts of ferrous alkali metals.

10. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 9, characterized in that the alkali metal salt has a particle diameter not greater than 3 μm and the alkaline earth metal salt has a particle diameter not greater than 3 μm.

11. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 10, characterized in that the alkali metal salt is an alkali metal salt of an organic acid containing 5 to 16 carbon atoms and the alkaline earth metal salt is a salt alkaline earth metal of an organic acid containing 5 to 16 carbon atoms.

12. A laminated glass, characterized in that it comprises at least one pair of glass sheets and, as interposed between them, the interlayer film according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11.

13. An interlayer film for laminated glass, characterized in that it comprises a plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin, wherein the sodium salt in the interlayer film has a particle diameter not greater than 10 μm.

14. An interlayer film for laminated glass, characterized in that it comprises a plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin, wherein the sodium salt in the interlayer film has a particle diameter of not more than 5 μm.

15. An interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the concentration of sodium in the interlayer film is not greater than 50 ppm.

16. An interlayer film for laminated glass, characterized in that it comprises a poly (vinyl acetal) resin wherein the concentration of sodium in the interlayer film is not greater than 50 ppm.

17. An interlayer film for laminated glass, characterized in that it comprises a plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin, wherein the sodium salt in the interlayer film has a particle diameter not greater than 5 μm.

18. An interlayer film for laminated glass, characterized in that it comprises a poly (vinyl acetal) resin wherein the concentration of potassium in the interlayer film is not greater than 100 ppm.

19. An interlayer film for laminated glass, characterized in that it comprises a plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin wherein the particle diameter of the potassium salt in the interlayer film is not greater than 5 μm and the concentration of potassium in the The interlayer film is not greater than 100 ppm.

20. An interlayer film for laminated glass, characterized in that it comprises a plasticized poly (vinyl acetal) resin wherein the concentration of sodium in the interlayer film is not greater than 50 ppm and the concentration of potassium in the interlayer film is not greater than 100 ppm.

21. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20, characterized in that it further comprises a compound capable of forming a complex with the sodium and potassium salts.

22. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20, characterized in that it further comprises an organic acid compatible with the resin and the spicy resin and an amine compatible with the resin and the pious tea.

23. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20, characterized in that it also comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts and salts of ferrous alkali metals.

24. The interlayer film for the laminated glass according to claim 23, characterized in that the alkali metal salt has a particle diameter not greater than 3 μm and the alkaline earth metal salt has a particle diameter not greater than 3 μm.

25. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the alkali metal salt is an alkali metal salt of an organic acid containing 5 to 16 carbon atoms and the alkaline earth metal salt is an alkaline earth metal salt of an organic acid containing 5 to 16 carbon atoms.

26. A laminated glass, characterized in that it comprises at least one pair of glass sheets and, as interposed between them, the interlayer film according to claims 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 or 24.