MXPA98010551A - System of wireless distribution of area exte - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a broadband, multicellular, low energy communication system for unidirectional (ie broadcast), bidirectional and multidirectional transmission and reception of voice, video, audio, television and data signals within the context of a point-to-multipoint network topology. The system incorporates elements of modem, modulators and demodulators that operate on the complete authorized band of the operator. In addition, the microwave transmission, receiver and transceiver elements also operate on the authorized band of the operator, thus achieving a broadband microwave infrastructure coupled with a flexible modem architecture (modulator, demodulator) that allows flexible channeling at the level of the systems. The system can operate on two or more separate frequency distributions, such as a frequency distribution downstream at 24 GHz accepted with an upstream frequency distribution at 36 GHz. This is possible due to the division of the reception and transmission functions of the system. cell site and the use of subscriber antennas that do not have equivalent transmitter / receiver patterns. This allows different numbers and different types of recipient and transmitter cell sites to be implemented. The use of an advanced subscriber antennas technology allows the definition of cell sites, primary and secunadario, for specific subscribers, thus providing the diversity of routes to combat rain attenuation and the effects of rain cutting, which are the main cause of cut within the networks of large areas that operate at frequencies above 10 GHz. The unique system design treated below allows the diversity of routes to combat the effects of rain and fading of multiple paths.

Description

EXTENSIVE AREA WIRELESS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a point-to-multipoint wireless communication system for applications that include voice, video, audio, television and data. The system can be multifunctional, multicellular, unidirectional, bidirectional and / or multidirectional. The wireless frequencies for which this system design is applicable vary from 54 MHz to 140 GHz, which therefore incorporate the UHF / VHF TV broadcast band as well as the MMDS, LMDS, MVDS and other bands that are defined in this patent. Like the one of June 13, 1996, it does not deploy MPEG2 digital TV systems in MMDS or higher frequencies, and there are also no high-frequency point-to-multipoint systems (20 GHz at 45 GHz or higher) that operate in the world. . Also, there are no point-to-multipoint wireless ATM systems operating in the world. Also, MPEG2 multiplexing and switching systems that operate the world are not known. For this reason, the system designs described in this patent are unique and novel. BACKGROUND Currently, multicellular digital telephone systems are used in many countries of the world. world, with principles and design elements such as, digital modulation techniques, common control channels, dynamic energy adjustment and dynamic channel assignment used on a per-telephone basis. These systems typically service mobile or portable users, and are designed for mobile portable environment restrictions. Specifically, these restrictions are, the use of omnidirectional antennas in the mobile / portable site, antennas divided into sectors or omnidirectional in the cell site, equivalent Rx / Tx patterns in the mobile / portable site, and delay and multipath broadcasts. Significant due to the combination of factors that include mobile / portable site and cell site antenna heights, mobile / portable site movement, and the minimum directionality of the antenna in the mobile / portable site. The links of the cable TV and telecommunications junction circuits operating at 13 and 18 GHz have been implemented for some time with pilot tones that are inserted in their frequency distribution. These pilot tones are used both for feedback in the Automatic Gain Control (AGC) circuits of the receiver as well as for the provision of a reference frequency in the receiver, which allows a highly stable Local Oscillator (LO) circuit. , from low cost that is linked to the oscillator of the transmission system. This feature allows the highly stable, high cost LO to be located at the transmission site, which reduces network costs and allows easier access to personal service. The analog MMDS systems are currently used worldwide, using the frequency band from 2.50 to 2.688 GHz. These systems use the system design concepts of frequency shift, cross polarization, and frequency repetition / intensification techniques for provide the multicellular distribution within a given coverage area. In February 1996, digital MMDS systems are proposed and delivered within the 2.5 to 2.686 GHz band of North America for the distribution of digital cable TV broadcast. In June of 1997, several digital MMDS systems were implemented in Canada and the United States, with the first two commercial systems deployed by Broadband Networks, Inc., in Manitoba and Saskatchewan, two Canadian provinces. These systems provide digital MPEG2 encoded TV channels in the subscriber area. These systems use principles of multicellular design, in which a single subscriber can receive signals from more than one tower. distribution depending on, orientation, directionality, and polarization orientation of the antenna. Multi-cellular systems are also proposed for the 28 GHz LMDS band within the United States, the LMCS band of 26 to 30 GHz within Canada, the MVDS band of 40.5 to 42.5 GHz within Europe, Asia, North America and America of the South, the 23 and 24 GHz bands in several countries, and the 38 GHz band within several countries. A design version of a 28 GHz system is contented within Canadian Patent 1,333,0889, entitled "Lower Power Multi-Function Cellular Television System". These multi-cell system designs will use a lot of some principles that are used within the MMDS Analog, Digital MMDS, Cell Phone and PCS system designs. The use of directional antennas is found in certain contexts, for example in the U.S. Patent. No. 3,401,450, which describes the use of a directional receiver to receive a signal from an omnidirectional transmission antenna. Other patents dealing with the polarized reception of the use of horizontal polarization against vertical in the context of transmissions by radio include, the US Patents. 2,992,427; 3,882,393; 4,220,923; 4,321,705 and 4,521,878. The use of advanced reception and modulation techniques, such as those implemented by Broadband Networks, Broadcom, Comstream, EF Data, RF Networks, Stanford Telecom, Qualcomm, Fairchild, Inficom and SICOM, are used within the context of this system design, as appropriate based on the details of the design of the transmitting site, design of the receiving site, rejection characteristics of the adjacent channel and co-channel and propagation channel. The system summarized in the same operates in several levels of the subscriber and evaluation of the cell site, execution levels and functionality based on the use of m-ary FSK, m-ary PSK, 16/64/256 QAM, OFDM, COFDM and its variants, broadcast spectrum of direct sequence with orthogonal and almost orthogonal coding, broadcast spectrum that skips the frequency with synchronized transmissions, and other methods and advanced modulation techniques. The system described therein has a plane of the frequency band, which is established together with the flexible broadband techniques, and any of these modulations can be used within the system with any bandwidth of the channel from 0 to 40 MHz and superior. The implementation of very long digital wireless links has been demonstrated to the public community through SICOM (E.U.), in which a video conference link was established, using radio propagation between Hawaii and Phoenix, Arizona. This link did not use ionospheric reflections, but instead it was enabled by the technological capacity associated with the OFDM modulation techniques and their variants. Fixed channel distribution methods have been used for cellular telephony, land mobile radio, wireless telecommunication and other systems including frequency division multiplexing (FDM), time-division multiplexing (TDM), split-time duplex transmission (TDD) ) and multiplexing by code distribution (CDM). These techniques are summarized in the reference book "Wireless Information Networks" by K.Pahlavan and A.H.Levesque. The possibility of using coaxial or fiber optic links between the remote transmitting cell sites, receptors or transceivers and a central cell site has been addressed by companies such as Lasertron and Anacom, as well as by researchers in the scientific community , such as those associated with the TR Labs of Western Canada. The main purpose of these types of connections is to reduce the amount of digital equipment at remote sites, while providing increased transmission and reception diversity for the community user. The same principles can be used within the system described in this patent document. Currently, multiple vendors offer products that implement high-bandwidth communication or extended distance communication over existing twisted pair copper wiring. Vendors include, Pairgain and TUT Systems. The technologies associated with this equipment is called, ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Cycle) and HDSL (Digital Subscriber Cycle with High Data Rate), as well as other variants. AT &T also offers a CAP transceiver microcircuit (AM / PM non-Carrier) compliant with ATM forum standards that provides a full dual capacity of 51.84 Mbps per 100 meters of UTO Category 3 cable (twisted pair unarmed). A data transmission rate of less than 25-92 Mbps is provided for longer cycles or lower grade cables. In addition, Broadcom (E.U.) indicates that current implementations are possible to provide QAM baseband signaling, directly on UTP links, thus providing high bandwidths with easy connectivity to wireless networks. Reverse multiplexing, a technique that uses multiple lower speed digital links to provide a single digital link of higher speed, is has been used within the chain transmission community for many years. One can review the standard equipment catalogs to find reverse multiplexing equipment for wired / wired networks. In 1997, the ATM Forum produced an Inverse Multiplex specification in order to allow the proper transport of 0C3 data rates (155.52 Mbps) through multiple lower data rate channels. Static multiplexing, a technique that multiplexes multiple lines of input data into an aggregate line of smaller speed based on the static properties of each of the data sources, has been available for some time. The reference book: "ATM: Theory and Application" ("ATM: Theory and Application") by D.E.McDysam and D.L.Spohn, deals briefly with static multiplexing. Static multiplexing is useful when the sources of interruption are present (the ratio of maximum speed to average speed increases above 10), and when the ratio of the maximum speed of the sources, relative to the speed of the link is reduced by below 0.02. For example, if users of the residential-based Internet can provide a maximum speed of 1.5 Mbps but only in the average insertion of 0.15 Mbps, the maximum speed at average speed is equal to 10. In addition, if these Users are connected to a static multiplexer, which has an output link speed of 155 Mbps, the maximum speed at the link speed is equal to 1.5 / 155 = 0.01. Based on the average graphs listed in the reference, this configuration of data transmission speeds allows approximately 750 users to connect to a static 155 Mbps multiplexer, while 1 per million of the cell loss rate is experienced. Note that the aggregate average speed would then be 0.15 Mbps * 750 = 112 Mbps. The antenna technologies currently available include the offerings of Flann Microwave in the United Kingdom, Millitech in the US, Endgate in the US, Gardiner in the US. , and numerous other manufacturers of antennas worldwide. These manufacturers have subscriber antennas for commercial and residential use with antenna gains ranging from 15 dBi to 42 dBi with various proportions from front to back, side lobe levels, beam widths, bandwidths or discrimination levels. cross polarization. The antenna technologies used within the design of the system described below may include dielectric lenses, single-feed horn radiators, planar systems and microstrip antennas, and various designs of the Antenna system divided into sectors and omni. All these types of antennas have potential application with the design of the system, depending on the type of modulation, coverage area, allowed sectorization, requirements of the system operator and numerous other incident factors. The patented technology available from Arraycomm in the United States prepares for increases in bandwidth by factors of 2 to 3, based on dynamically adjustable antenna patterns. These patterns effectively alter their execution of the lateral lobe and main beam to receive the maximum signal coming from the environment, while "nullifying" any signal of interference that may occur. These types of technologies are a complement to the concept of dynamic outdated multiple element antennas. These antenna technologies can also be used within the system described therein. The reference "High Performance Slotted ALOHA Radio Networks with Adaptive Antennas" ["High throughput Slotted ALOHA Packet Radio Networks with Adaptive Arrays, IEEE Trans. Comm. Vol 41 (3) March 1993, pp. 460-470 ] treats a multi-beam adaptive antenna (MBAA) that is useful for receiving different subscriber transmissions within each of the beams. used within the scope of this system without changing the fundamental nature of the system design. The common diversity techniques for combining the signals at the microwave level are treated with the reference text "Digital Line-of-Sight Radio Links" by A.A.R. Townsend. These techniques provide protection against the phenomenon of selective fading along the link. In particular, space diversity combining technologies can be implemented at the digital, IF or microwave baseband level to allow for significant improvements in execution to occur. Within this text, Table 8.5 illustrates the link availability gains that are achieved when both spatial and compensation diversity are used in radio links. Based on such results, it is expected that point-to-multipoint links comprising the system addressed in this patent will experience significant performance improvements related to selective cutting due to multiple trajectories, as these techniques are employed. The common diversity techniques for the mitigation of rainwater attenuation and depolarization induced by rainfall have also been dealt with within these texts. The only The diversity method of effective rainfall attenuation is line diversity, in which 2 or more lines are used to connect the sites to each other. The principle within this method is that the attenuation by rainfall will only affect one of the lines and not both at the same time. In order to produce the desired effect, the two lines must be at a separate distance, which is greater than the size of the storm cell that is fought using this technique. Also, as the speed of rainfall increases (mm / hour), it is known that the size of the storm cell is reduced. Therefore, for the design of the system with very strong rainfall speed, line diversity can be used by distance only several km. apart. The size of the pluvial cell for a rainfall rate of mm / hour given will vary from region to region. To our knowledge, there has been limited analysis of the impact of line diversity within multi-cell urban networks. That is, because most wireless networks have been implemented for transmission frequencies below 10 GHz, in which rainfall is not a major issue. The compensation techniques found in common use are summarized in the reference texts "Digital Line-of-Sight Radio Links" links by A.A. Townsend and "Wireless Information Networks" by K.Pahlavan and A.H.Levesque. The impact of antennas divided into sectors in the capacity execution of wireless systems has been briefly addressed in the reference text "Wireless Information Networks" by K.Pahlavan and AHLevesque., However It can be observed that the use of division by sectors for simultaneous transmission of different data streams was not treated. The impact of the capture effect on the performance of ALOHA networks, only available when FM modulation is used, has been observed in the reference text "Wireless Information Networks" by K.Pahlavan and AHLevesque and in several magazine articles. The capture effectively increases the execution of multiple access systems using ALOHA. The effect of the capture widens the implementation of the ALOHA networks above, which is normally dealt with in the textbooks. The procedures available for the implementation of the control structures between multiple nodes within an average sized area can obtained through the purchase of IEEE 802.1 compliant microcircuit packets or through the use of the LON (Local Operation Network) sets of microcircuits available from Echelon (E.U.), SMC (E.U.) or other vendors. In addition, media access procedures are discussed in reference texts, such as "Wireless Information Networks", K.Pahlavan and AHLevesque.In June 1997, work on MAC procedures for Wireless ATM and Wireless IP networks, it was studied within the groups associated with the IEEE 802.14 standard, ATM ATM Wireless ATM working group (which concerns mainly PCS systems), MNCP MAC standard previously under group coverage 802.14, IEEE 802.11 MAC and DAVIC The standard DAVIC terminates TDMA upstream access at nominal data rates of 1.5 Mbps, and uses ATM cells for the transport of information.Additional textbooks and journal articles treat the implementation of media access procedures for very long links, as found in communication networks by inter-satellite and communication by These methods of media access address the relationship between the propagation time, the size of the message, the design of the link and the efficiency of media access. The current standard activities, which have an influence on several aspects of the design include, commission architectures of DAVIC and procedures to be used in the interactive television market, the procedures and structures of the MPEG2 DSM-CC message, the HiperLan activities within ETSI standardization efforts as they relate to layer structure, procedures for Media Access methods and registration and creation (different HiperLan) of the subnet, the DVB (Digital Video Distribution) standards with respect to to the processes of filtration and control of the error in advance for wireless links, VLAN standards of IEEE 802.11 with respect to the methods of access of means and the procedures LAN of office, and the group IEEE 802.14 for the system by cable based on MACs . The additional search work in static multiplexing and its effects on the TDMA Radio Interface is located in "Executing a Static Multiplexed Access Mechanism for a TDMA Radio Interface" ("Performance of a Statistically Multiplexed Access Mechanism for a TDMA Radio Interface "), IEEE Personal Comm, June 1995, pp.56-64). Within this article, the authors discuss the design options for a third-generation MAC and TDMA access structure and the implementation implications related to it. While the second-generation TDMA access structures used fixed slot allocation, the third-generation TDMA methods discussed within this article provide slot redistribution during a call. However, this method does not address flexible TDMA or flexible FDMA techniques, in which the bandwidth of the RF channel varies, while the channel is used. The distribution of the resource with the radio system is dealt with in many articles including, that of "Execution of a Static Access Mechanism Multiplexing for a TDMA Radio Interface " ("Performance of a Statistically Multiplexed Access Mechanism for a TDMA Radio Interface "), IEEE Personal Comm, June 1995, pp.56-64) The problem of distribution of the resource is present for any wireless system that has multiple bearers that are assigned dynamically to users, As the users start a connection or session, the problem of resource allocation consists of assigning frequencies, channel bandwidths and time segments to specific users based on the information, such as the number of available segments, the quality of the the available segments, the number of users currently in the system, the type of traffic that is transported in the system, the types of service requests, the priority of different services and additional criteria. The reference "Distributed Autonomous Wireless Channel Assignment Algorithm with Power Control" Algorithm Algorithm of the Distributed Autonomous Wireless Channel with Power Control ", IEEE Trans. On Veh. Tech. Vol. 44 (3) August 1995, pp. 420-429), discusses some aspects of the resource distribution problem and a description of an algorithm to use specific parameters to provide the service routine. It does not treat Wireless ATM systems. The additional propagation phenomenon related to energy delay profiles together with urban links, in particular, indicates that it is possible to establish an Urban Straight Line (LOS) link between two directional antennas, and to allow the link to operate at speeds of 155 Mbps data transmission. Of course, 155 Mbps is an appreciable speed because it then allows the transmission of SONET data transmission rates since no additional error correction or framing bits are added to the stream. Information considering these data transmission speeds was provided by Labs TR of Western Canada. The insulation between the distribution antennas and liaison has been studied by Canada's CRC (Communications Search Board), as well as antenna companies such as Andrew Corporation. The isolation levels between the link antennas typically achieve 100 to 130 dB of isolation, allowing compact antenna subsystems to be built within a small area. The isolation achieved between the distribution antennas (omnidirectional, cardioid, etc.) and the receptor receiving antennas located in the same tower, has not been widely studied in the literature. With analog MMDS systems, the isolation required for intensifier site implementations would typically allow a C / I (Carrier to Interference) ratio of approximately 45 dB to be achieved, which indicates that an 80 dB isolation would only allow a gain of 35 dB amplifier site is used. As seen in the design of the system below, digital systems allow high levels of C / l to be tolerated (such as 25 dB for 16-QAM, 31 dB for 64-QAM and 20 dB for QPSK modulation), which therefore it allows higher levels of repetitive gain (intensifier) in a repeating site (intensifier). In analog systems, the term intensifier is used. In digital systems, the term repeater is used. The functions of both of these types of sites are equivalent, in that a receiving antenna receives a signal coming from a more distant site, it provides the signal to a repeater power amplifier, which acts as a gain device, with the output of the repeater connecting to a distribution antenna ). This type of site is used in analog MMDS systems to provide coverage in areas of silence. For digital systems, this type of site is used for linking signals from one location to another. When the two types of functions are integrated together, there is a site in digital systems MMDS, LMCS, LMDS and MVDS, in which both the distribution and link is accommodated in the same tower. The Single Frequency Networks (SFNs) have been discussed in several references and articles "On the Probability of Cutting in the Single Frequency Networks for Digital Distribution (" On the Outage Probability in Signal Frequency Networks for Digital Broadcasting ", IEEE Tans. Broadcasting, Vol. 39, No. 4, December 1993, pp.395) SFNs are simultaneous broadcasting networks, in which the same data stream is transmitted from multiple transmission sites within an area, equivalent to a multicellular system of simultaneous broadcasting. (Note that this is different from the system discussed below, in which the different currents of information is transmitted from each location of the cell site). This article indicates that for networks of wide areas, very insufficient probabilities of cut can be achieved with very measured transmission energies, thus supporting a low energy access for multicellular systems. The SFN discussed within this document uses COFDM (Orthogonal Codified Frequency Division Multiplexing) methods to deal with the interference streams that originate in the mobile subscriber terminal. However, note that the mobile terminal must use an omnidirectional antenna, which will move too far into the environment. The design of the system proposed below achieves the same efficiency in the frequency spectrum and use of frequencies for a fixed distribution system through the use of fixed location, directional antennas in the home of the subscriber. The benefit and utility of the low energy multicellular design is further enhanced in the document cited above, when one considers the dual effects of the interface and thermo-agitation noise. In the case where the transmitting energies are very low, the execution of the system and the execution of the link is limited by the thermo-agitation noise. In the case where the transmitting energy is too high, the execution of the link and system is limited by the interference generated of the system. Only when an own balance of transmission energy is used, which is a low energy access, the thermo-agitation noise and interface can be balanced and the execution of the link optimized. The analysis of the execution of the RF system of the SFNs is important for the design of the system treated below, because a reuse value of compact frequency of 1 of the multicellular system becomes very similar to an SFN, except with the information of which differs from being transmitted from several cell sites. At the subscriber sites, most wireless systems currently use a single antenna in the subscriber's home with suitable diplexers that offer simultaneous transmission and reception functionality. However, the system described below, can use two antennas in the home of the subscriber in order to increase the isolation, which is achieved between the directions of transmission and reception. This use of two antennas is possible for high frequency networks due to the small size of the two antennas. Therefore, this approach provides increased isolation, which allows the more compact frequency reuse values to be used that approach a value of 1. Note that different wireless systems designed for the mobile environment, the system Wireless designed for the fixed site environment use directional antennas in the home of the subscriber, an optimal placement of the subscriber's antennas in / on or below the home line of the residential or commercial building. These advantages mean that the links of fixed-site wireless networks will experience drastically reduced problems due to interference and multiple trajectory. Also, despite the mobile contour, fixed-site systems use subscriber antenna locations typically found at a height of 20 feet or more above ground level. Therefore, the cases of multiple trajectory and the severity of the multiple trajectory are reduced. Because the multipath is reduced, the use of cross-polarization at cell site locations becomes easier, thus allowing the combination of cross-polarization between adjacent sectors at a cell site, and a plan of reuse of compact frequency throughout the system. In February 1996, the design of the wireless ATM point-to-multipoint system and the implementation of the fixed distribution wireless access purpose is in the very preliminary stages of being defined. There are no deployed systems. (Broadband Networks Ine of Winnipeg Canada, was the first company to provide a demonstration of Wireless ATM distribution, which occurs in the ComNet event in Washington D.C, in the spring of 1997). Several articles have appeared on the subject, "An ATM-Based Procedure for Wireless LANs", J. Porter and A. Hoper (Olivetti Research Ltd, Cambridge, England), deals with Design issues for Wireless ATM used in mobile applications. They address issues of frequency reuse for indoor environments, transfer, registration and identification and recognition based on data from link layers. They use broadcast spectrum, modulation is used within their system. The reference "ATM-based Transport Architecture for Multiple-Service Wireless Personal Communication Networks" ("ATM-based Transport Architecture for Multiservices Wireless Personnel Communication Networks"), IEEE Journal on Sel. Areas in Comm, Vol.12 (8), October 1992, pp 1401-1414) discusses points of view in the use of ATM within PCN networks. Therefore, it is apparent that the new design solutions and methodologies are required to provide Wireless ATM, includes the methodology related to Q.2931 wireless signaling, VPI / VCI addressing schemes, Wireless Channel Access Control (CAC) functions , control channel methodologies for access to the system and effective transport of data through static interruption and multiplexing request methodologies, the specific methodologies used for the transport of CBR (Constant Bit Transfer Rate), VBR (Variable Bit Transfer Rate, ABR) (Bit Transfer Rate Available) and UBR (Unassigned Bit Transfer Rate) are part of the design of a Wireless ATM system, in addition, the mixing of CBR, VBR, ABR and UBR traffic types in a single upstream link of the subscriber to the cell site are also of interest, since it affects the dynamic broadband methodologies discussed below.In Wireless ATM systems, it is also important to limit the use and transmission of free cells within the system. cables, the interfaces typically operate at a fixed data rate without considering the information that is transmitted. However, as discussed below, specific methodologies can be used to eliminate free cells at the point of entry to the wireless link, thus providing maximum efficiency for the use of wireless spectrum. Wireless IP (Internet Procedure) systems, in which IP uses a means of transport instead of ATM, are also known. I dont know they know existing IP-based systems for inventors within the fixed broadband network market. For these systems, the IPv6 routes with their QoS methods (Quality of Service) and addressing are of interest, since these directions have to be traced in the design of the Wireless IP system. The reference "An architecture for a Wireless Mobile Internet Field Scale" ("An Architecture for a Campus-Scale Wireless Mobile Internet ", Purdue Tech. Report CSD-TR-95-058), deals with wireless systems based on IP in the mobile environment, although certain elements of the present invention can be found in other contexts as to how it can be determined, no relevant literature suggests a multidirectional, bidirectional, unidirectional, multicellular, multi-carrier, low-energy communication system for applications across a broad scale that includes the provision of voice, video, audio, television and data, which has spectral efficiency, The invention also encompasses the design of Wireless IP and Wireless ATM broadband networks for portable and fixed site applications SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a system for wireless distribution for communication by a coverage area, said system comprising: a plurality of cells within the coverage area; at least one cell site that includes means transmitting the signal, within each cell; at least one subscriber site enters each cell, including means receiving the signal, to receive signals from the cell site within the same cell. The invention also relates to a method for operating a wireless distribution system that is communicated by a coverage area that includes a plurality of cells, said method comprising: providing at least one cell site including means that transmit the signal, within of each cell; transmit signals from the cell sites by the respective cells; providing within each cell, at least one subscriber site that includes means that receive the signal; and receive signals at each subscriber site from the cell site within the same cell.

System modalities include broadband, multicellular, low-energy communication systems for multidirectional, bi-directional, or unidirectional (ie, distributed) reception and transmission of voice, video, audio, television and data signals within of the context of a point-to-multipoint network topology. In accordance with one aspect of the invention such a system is provided, wherein: each subscriber site includes a demodulation means for demodulating signals received from the cell site; the cell site includes broadband signal means for transmitting the bandwidth control signals to the subscriber site; and the demodulation means includes the means of selecting the bandwidth responsive to the broadband control signals selectively varying an operating bandwidth of the demodulation means. In the preferred embodiments, the demodulation means is a modem. In different conventional wireless systems, this aspect of the present system provides modem, modulator and demodulator elements that operate by the complete authorized band of the operator. Preferably, these elements offer bandwidths of the selective channel of the software, modulation capacity and ability to correct the error in advance. In addition, microwave transmitter, receiver and transceiver elements also operate over the operator's complete authorized band, thus achieving a broadband microwave infrastructure coupled with a flexible modem architecture (modulator, demodulator) that allows flexible channeling at the level of the systems. These attributes of the system element allow the authorized bandwidth to be used in any direction (downstream or upstream) at any time that the system operator considers reasonable. Therefore, there is no need to specify in advance what channels are used in which direction, as with the architectures of the existing wireless system. However, there may be fixed control channels within the design, which always remain in a constant direction, either downstream or upstream. The system can implement ATM transport capabilities to and from the subscriber, transport of IP to and from the subscriber and transport of MPEG2 to and from the subscriber. In this way, the system can be used for an integrated set of services, includes in-home distribution capabilities provided over ATM and other major networks, interactive television, video on demand, on-demand media, near video on demand, high bandwidth Internet access, video conferencing and other applications. The system is applicable to all frequencies between 200 MHz and 140 GHz, with several available RF distributions requiring changes to antennas, transmitters and other RF elements. The system can also be operated on two or more distributions of more separated frequencies, for example a frequency distribution downstream at 24 GHz coupled with an upstream frequency distribution at 36 GHz. It is possible through the division of the cell site to receive and transmit functions and the use of subscriber antennas that do not have equivalent transmitter / receiver pattern. This allows different numbers and different types of receptor or transmitter cell sites to be implemented. Therefore, subscribers can receive signals from a more centralized location within an area while transmitting to a local receiver. This approach to system design, used as appropriate for specific system clients, implements repeater / concentrator functions in the upstream path.

The system design can be used within small coverage areas (for example, a single room for the implementation of small-scale wireless LAN) for large areas covering 2000 km. One or more transport procedures (such as ATM, SMDS and other DQDB implementations), Frame Relay and others) or interconnection standards and procedures (Ethernet), can be used to provide a basic structure for transporting communications. A set of transmission, reception and transmission cell sites is organized throughout the coverage area. The reuse of compact frequency can be achieved using the appropriate modulation method or methods, the antenna technologies of the site. cell and subscriber cell, cell site and subscriber antenna patterns, cell site and subscriber site energy control algorithms and implementations and methodologies that respond to static interruption and multiplexing by air implemented using velocity modulators variable symbol, demodulators, modems, TDMA, FDMA, FDMA access structures to the flexible conductor (FDMA to the flexible conductor that is set for flexible FDMA, in which the bandwidth of the channel used by a particular household varies over time depending on the traffic load, and various MAC methods. the cell sites in reception, transmission and transmission functionality and the use of subscriber antennas that do not have equivalent transmission and reception trajectories, allows for increased isolation and increase of bit rate transfers to the client and data transmission speeds To the system. In addition, the use of advanced subscriber antenna technology allows cell sites, primary and secondary, to be defined for specific subscribers, thus providing diversity of routes to combat rain attenuation and rain cutting effects, which are the main cause of cut-off within large area networks operating at frequencies above 10 GHz. Within a none of the 1 GHz frequencies (as is common for LMDS at 28 GHz and MVDS at 40 GHz), the speeds of transmission of bits of the cellular service extend to values above 1000 Gbps, higher values being possible. The typical calculation for these types of data transmission rates uses the following equation: 1 GHz allowed spectrum X spectral efficiency of modulation methods (b / s / Hz) X number of polarizations used (typically horizontal and vertical) X number of sectors in a cell site = possible data transmission speed for that cell As an example, for 256-QAM modulation with 15% excess in filtration, the spectral efficiency is 6.3 b / s / Hz. Using polarizations, vertical and horizontal, transmitted from each sector, with a sector antenna 100, the value of the data transmission speed is 1300 Gbps from that cell site. This level of data transmission speed is divided between the trajectories, upstream and downstream, in a manner suitable for the system and the customer to whom the service is given. The methods of error correction, channel filtering, sectorization of the antenna and modulation scheme used, will vary based on customer requirements. The system can be designed to service areas as small as a single room and areas as large as 2,000 km or more, depending on the specifications of each installation and client. Small areas require a minimum of bandwidth and cell site complexity, while larger areas require careful selection of the modulation method (typically OFDM or its variants), and others system parameters (such as media access methodology for very large links). These large coverage areas are possible using the methods, modulator and demodulator, currently available in the market. These density levels of the bit rate, and the coverage areas that are possible, are a result of the unique design of the system. Even with rain or multipath fading and its effects on the cuts, the unique system design discussed below allows diversity of routes to combat the effects of multipath fading and rain. Each subscriber has one or more antennas, transceivers and antenna control systems and is directed to one or more cell sites of transmission, reception or transception. Each subscriber antenna has an appropriately narrow array of one or more receive and transmit beams, with the polarization of the antenna being suitable for transmitting and receiving from the specified set of cell sites (if they are transmission cell sites, reception and transception). The system is capable of operating at any frequency or frequency range. The different frequency distributions affect the available RF bandwidth, the physical properties of the antenna design, the physical properties of the propagation path and the physical properties of implementation of the transmitter / receiver / transceiver that must be taken into account within the design of the specific system for a particular area and client. Subscriber isolation from unwanted communications or transmissions can be achieved through the use of polarization diversity, diversity of subscriber antenna from front to back, cross-polarized emissions, cell site antenna directionality, radiated energy control effective isotope of the cell site (EIRP), selection of modulation, frequency, time, space and transmission and reception of the multiple channel, orthogonal and almost orthogonal code diversity through spread spectrum modulation that skips the frequency and direct sequence, diversity of routes, location and height of the antenna of the cell site and the location and height of the subscriber antenna in relation to obstacles and adjacent buildings such as trees, overhead wires, and metal poles. The propagation phenomenon that affects the system design includes, rain fading, selective multipath fading, the effect of the height of the antenna on the occurrence of multiple trajectory, the effect of the height of the antenna on the path loss dependent on the distance (ie the variation of the exponential law of less than 2 for the propagation along the streets of the city to greater than 6 for propagation, in which the reception and transmission antennas are submerged below the average height of the building), the effect of directional antennas at both sites, transmission and reception, the impact of the foliage cover and soil that causes variations in the level of seasonal reception and the multiple trajectory of short duration, the impact of the movement of people, trucks and wet foliage in the variations of the reception level of short duration and multiple trajectory, and the architecture of urban areas in the intensity of the sign along the streets and through the streets. In particular, it is well known that the fixation of the receiving antenna (whether in industrial, commercial or residential locations) and the transmission antenna, will affect the propagation along and between the streets as well as the propagation path on surfaces of the roof, with diffracted signals that propagate below the streets. Therefore, the preferred embodiments of the present invention provide a communications structure that operates in a transparent manner to the modulation method, frequency band or set of bands, or for the use of any or all of the devices discussed within this section. In addition, the embodiments of this invention may employ specific designs and methodologies for interconnect wireless access systems with ATM standards based on fiber / coaxial. Lower functionality, lower cost and simpler systems can use one or more of these concepts. Higher-cost, advanced, high-functionality systems use a multiple of these concepts, with the highest functionality system using all of these concepts to achieve unprecedented spectral efficiency of above 1000 Gbps per sq. km. For the purposes of this application, the concept of the design of the system and its associated equipment is referred to as the Wide Area Wireless Distribution System (WADS). The WADS can exist in a very large number of configurations based on the requirements of the system operator, with multiple numbers of sites being implemented within an area. The WADS is planned to support broad-area chain transmission based on SONET, ATM, SMDS, Frame Relay, DQDB and / or other techniques and with superimposed element antennas of various procedures and overlapping element antennas of inter-mixed procedure. The use of technologies and the process of chain inter-transmission does not detract from the concept of implementation of the fundamental system described superficially below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention: Figure 1 is a generic system diagram illustrating the placement of the cells within a coverage area. Figure 2 is an illustration of a computer architecture within a subscriber site. Figure 3 illustrates a typical installation for the transceiver cell site. Figures 4a, 4b and 4c illustrate three modes of CPE-R. Figure 5 illustrates schematically the use of a supporting UTP bridge. Figure 6 illustrates the implementation of home diversity reception for Digital TV MPEG Distribution systems MMDS, VHF and UHF. Figure 7 illustrates the use of different transmission and reception sectorization at the cell site or repeater / concentrator.

Figure 8 illustrates the use of two trajectories, one of which is primary and the other secondary, to mitigate rainfall fading for fixed access systems. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Referring to Figure 1, the illustrated system includes cell sites (including transmitter cell sites, receptor cell sites and transceiver cell sites), repeater sites, subscriber sites, monitoring sites and main sites. A main WADS is implemented using fiber interconnection of the main sites and the cell sites. Wireless access is used to interconnect repeater sites, subscriber sites and monitoring sites with the main WADS. The repeater support sites (lighting post) are wireless to the twisted pair repeater sites. Descriptions and Definitions of the Site A Main site contains the primary interface from the outside world to the WADS system, and connects to any of the other sites within the network. A Principal site can exist either as a single node or as a network or interconnection of nodes with distributed capabilities. A cell site contains interfaces, secondary or multi-primary, to the outside world. Cell sites can connect to any of the other sites within the network. Multiple cell sites can exist within a cell. A repeating site connects to the cell sites. The main function of the repeater site is to transport and receive information from the cell sites, transmitting sites or receiving sites to the subscriber's site, using broadcasting for the twisted pair conversion at a support site. Transmitting sites can connect to all other sites, including receiving sites. Its main function is to transmit information to the subscriber and / or receiver. The control information and the order of the system is received and transmitted potentially by the transmitting site to all other sites within the network. The receiving sites can connect to all other sites. Its main function is to receive the information from the subscriber. The control and order information of the system is received and transmitted potentially by the receiving site to all other sites within the network. The monitoring sites prepare for the control and monitoring of the execution of the system. Measure the characteristics of the signal and retransmit the information back to the other sites of the system in order to prepare for the coordination of the wide area of frequency, symbol, polarization and spatial redundancy. Monitoring sites can be co-located with bull sites in the system, and can be implemented in hardware, software or a combination of these technologies. Subscriber sites receive and transmit one or more streams of data simultaneously, dependent on the configuration of the subscriber equipment. The subscriber sites are connected to the system through wireless links or through twisted pair connections to the repeater support sites. For wireless access, the subscriber's site equipment consists of one or more antennas or antenna facilities, one or more transceivers and associated frequency conversion, order and control, system monitoring and other functional elements consistent with the implementation of data from wide area, voice, video, audio, television, interactive programming, interactive computing, distribution computing and other applications based on analogous and digital communication methods. The subscriber's site connects to one or more transmission, reception, repetition or cell sites through the main connection based on wireless technologies, using frequencies between 54 MHz and 140 GHz 0 through twisted pair methods. Referring once again to the drawings, the Figure 1 is a generic system diagram illustrating the placement of cells within a coverage area. These cells are of arbitrary size, only limited by normal requirements so that there is a signal received between the two locations during some percentage of the day, night or period of time. The coverage area, which is the collection of one or more cells associated with the system, is also of arbitrary size. In different modalities, a coverage area can cover the total area of the land or a single room in a home. Figure 1 illustrates all the types of sites used within the design, including: • transmitter cell site 12 • host cell site 14 • transceiver cell site 16 • transmit repeater site 18 • relay site 20 • repeater site of transception 22 • repeater site / hub 24 • site monitor system 26 • reception site subscriber 28 • transcriber site subscriber 30 The various types of subscriber sites are described as follows, with reference to the subscriber site that is numbered within Figure 1: Subscriber Site Type 1. Receives the distribution communication from a transmitting site. No link is present from the subscriber to the receiver. Subscriber site Type 2. Receives the communication from the transmitting site, return path implemented towards the Receiving Site. (The sites, receiver and transmitter, connect through a main network that is not shown). Subscriber site Type 3. Receives the communication from the transceiver site, return path implemented towards the transceiver site and receiving site, with coordination algorithms that determine if one or both reception sites receive the message. Subscriber site Type 4. Communicates with a transceiver site. Subscriber site Type 5. Communicates with a transceiver site and also with a repeater / hub site. The repeater / concentrator communicates with the transceiver through wired or wireless means. Therefore, this subscriber's site is provided with two-way communication through two means, both of which are which can be transmitting or receiving simultaneously. Subscriber site Type 6. The subscriber connects to a local area or support connection using UTP (with ADSL, HDSL or CAP technologies). The connection of the local or support area is connected to the main fiber used by the WADS. Figure 1 illustrates round cells and a round coverage area for discussion purposes, however, the coverage area will be affected by the urban topography of buildings and streets. The shape of the coverage area is also affected by the height of the transmission and reception antenna above or below the average height of the buildings within the area. Figure 2 is an illustration of an equipment architecture within the subscriber's site. The modulator / demodulator pair can implement the same modulation scheme or different schemes and the equipment can be selected among different FEC schemes and methods based on the software or hardware switches. The subscriber's site also has VFC (Variable Frequency Control) and VPC (Variable Energy Control), which are standard features provided within cellular telephone systems. Figure 3 illustrates a typical installation for the cell site transceiver. The transceiver cell site consists of digital equipment that is interconnected to the main network and microwave equipment and sub-installation of the antenna. The digital equipment can be indoors or outdoors depending on the design of the components and packaged. Figure 3 illustrates a transception cell site for an ATM connection system. Technologies currently available in the public domain can be applied to the construction of cell sites that vary in data transmission speeds from 155 Mbps or less to 1000 Gbps or more, as described herein. Figures 4a, 4b and 4c illustrate implementations of CPE-R, a piece of customer premise equipment for residential users. Figures 4a and 4b show integrated configuration of the antenna / receiver / digital equipment and Figure 4c shows a more typical installation with the transceiver and the outdoor antenna connecting to the digital equipment indoors. The implementations of the CPE-R of Figures 4a and 4b show integrated antenna elements. Additional benefits of this type of design include, increased stability of the local oscillator frequency, reduced cable losses over the VHF frequency range, reduced installation cost due to that the construction of the single unit, reduced production costs, reduced packing costs, increased production and reduced break of the CPE elements. Figure 5 illustrates the use of WADS to provide an intermediate link between the main network and the local UTP connection point (Twisted Unarm Torque), called a support. In this case, the cell site communicates with a broadcaster to the UTP router or bridge, with the client receiving communication through the UTP in the home or building. Multiple configurations are possible for this equipment, which are connected from Subscriber I to many subscribers. Various designs are made for antennas, transceivers and digital support equipment depending on the details of the connection requirements of the system operator. Figure 6 illustrates the implementation of diversity reception at a subscriber site for UHF / VHF / MMDS and other Digital TV and MPEG distribution systems through the use of two reception antennas with different LNB oscillator values , followed by a design of the upper box assembly that allows the evaluation of RSSI and BER within the set of the upper box the demodulator level. Figure 7 illustrates the use of different transmission and reception sectorization at the site of cell and / or repeater / concentrator to achieve reduced transmission energies of the subscriber's site. Figure 8 illustrates the use of technology from Multiple Antenna in a Subscriber Home to prepare for the mitigation of the rain fading effect based on the use of secondary links to the transceiver, transmitter and receiver cell sites. The design and operation of the present system when used with Wireless IP and Wireless ATM transport technologies constitute a composite of many factors, of which the main ones are described below and summarized in the following list: 1. Systems using modems of variable bandwidth to achieve the various behaviors of the claims below, with the system preparing for the control and configuration of the modems on a dynamic basis per session. 2. Dynamic Band Amplitude Distribution (DBA) Algorithm for Wireless IP and ATM ATM ATM systems, based on the use of proportions of CBR, VBR, ABR, UBR traffic types and priority types to mitigate the Fading events due to rain. This dynamic bandwidth distribution requires the use of variable modulation and variable speed modems. 3. In band link systems for networks of unique frequencies. "4. Correlation of wireless ATM signaling messages to ITU Q.2931 or ATM Forum UNI 3.2 / 4.0 . Wireless IP addressing architecture. 6. Segmentation and Reinstallation of MPEG2 over ATM with PID correlation for VCC. 7. Broadband systems that do not use the filtering of the hardware guard band, but instead prepare for the software guard band (SGB) algorithms in which the transmission and reception frequencies are separated by a reasonable amount within the system design to allow spectral re-growth, inter-modulation and interference effects. 8. Inverse multiplex method for wireless OC3 supply. 9. Use of UTP support bridges to provide twisted pair connectivity to the subscriber sites. 10. Implementation of diversity reception at the subscriber's site for UHF / VHF / MMDS and other Digital TV MPEG distribution systems through the use of two reception antennas with different values of the LNB oscillator, followed by a design of the set of the upper box that allows the evaluation of RSSI and BER within the set of the upper box at the demodulator level. 11. Use of free cell discard algorithms for Wireless ATM links in the upstream direction from the subscriber to the cell site. 12. Use of different transmission and reception sectorization in the cell site to achieve the reduced transmission energies of the subscriber's site. 13. Spatially diverse locations of cell site reception and transmission. 14. Use of the multiple antenna technology in the home of the subscriber to prepare for the mitigation of the effect of fading by rain based on the use of secondary links for the transceiver cell sites, transmission and reception. Each of the reference algorithms and technologies are discussed in more detail below. 1. Systems using variable bandwidth modems to achieve the various behaviors of the claims below, with the system preparing for the control and configuration of the modems on a dynamic basis per session. The wireless access systems of the previous technology generations used data Fixed modulation and fixed bandwidth distributions to support mobile applications such as, mobile telephony (AMPS, digital cellular, PCS) and mobile data (PCS, CDPD). Fixed wireless broadband access systems within our design use variable bandwidth modems capable of operating over a range of 0 to 20 MHz, variable modulator establishments from QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM, and error correction methods in advance variables such as, Reed-Solomon, Viterbi and convolutional, with the exact establishments of each of these established parameters of the software being dependent on the service requirements of the subscriber and operator of the system. Within this claim, systems that use variable bandwidth capability are unique. This variable bandwidth capability is used to provide several data transmission rates to subscribers, it is used to provide evolution of the size of the coverage area for system operators (because modems that operate in QPSK mode with a 2 MHz bandwidth has a background thermo-agitation noise that is 10 dB lower than a bandwidth of 20 MHz, which therefore achieves the increased distance of coverage) and is used to provide fading mitigation by rain, which is achieved by reducing the bandwidth of the channel during rain fading cases 2. Dynamic Band Amplitude Distribution (DBA) Algorithm for Wireless IP and ATM ATM ATM systems, which allows a specific proportion of priority elevated or CBR traffic as it relates to the lower priority or VBR, ABR, UBR assignments on a per-channel basis. This dynamic bandwidth distribution requires the use of variable bandwidth, variable modulation format and FEC modem equipment (Advance Error Correction). For Wireless IP and Wireless ATM systems operating in frequency ranges above 10 GHz, the effects of rain fading are the main cutting house. The system incorporates elements of the modem that allow the software to supply the following parameters: • the modulation can be selected as QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM. • Advance Error Correction can be selected as Reed-Solomon, Viterbi or a combination of these and other standard techniques. • the bandwidth of the channel can be selected in a range from 0 MHz to 20 MHz. The four types of traffic that are defined for transported by wireless links are CBR (Constant Bit Transfer Rate), VBR (Variable Bits Transfer Rate), ABR (Bit Transfer Rate Available) and UBR (Unassigned Bit Transfer Rate). During the normal operation of the system on clear days (without fading due to rain) a particular MBU (Unit of Multiple Business) or MDU (Multiple Residence Unit) or other subscriber sites will have several amounts of each of these types of traffic. The modems at the subscriber's site will have an opportunity to operate at QPSK, 416QAM and 64-QAM levels or with other modulation methods, with various bandwidth values of the channel and with various FEC methods. During clear days modems can operate at 64-QAM levels within the minimum FEC in order to maximize spectral efficiency and support a data transmission rate of N Mbps. A specific proportion of CBRM VBR traffic types, ABR and UBR are then allowed by the Dynamic Band Amplitude Distribution (DBA) algorithm, with the proportion value discussed below. During the operation, in the case of a rain fading case, the additional link margin may be required by this link. This additional link margin is realized by reducing the constellation of modulation from 256QAM to 64QAM to 16QAM to QPSK depending on the severity of rain fading. If the channel bandwidth and the FEC method are not changed during this reduction in the modulation rate, therefore, this reduction in the modulation method reduces the total data transmission rate that can be provided to the subscriber, which is which therefore forces low priority traffic to be limited while maintaining high or higher priority traffic at same speed. For example, CBR traffic may be of high priority while with VBR, ABR, UBR being of lower priority. In this case, the ratio of CBR traffic to VBR, ABR and UBR traffic is dependent on the modulation methods used, as illustrated in the table below. In this table, the excess bandwidth is assumed to be 15%, which then provides a spectral efficiency for each modulation method of 6.3 b / s / Hz for 256QAM, 5.0 b / s / Hz for 64 QAM, 3.5 b / s / Hz for 16QAM and 1.5 b / s / Hz for QPSK. Table 1. Percentage of CBR traffic allowed for several modulation changes in the presence of the constant channel bandwidth and the constant FEC method.

Additional tables can be constructed with different mixes of the Advance Error Correction and bandwidth excess methods. Additional tables can be constructed for systems, in which the channel bandwidth (0 to 20 MHz or more) can be varied during operation. As an additional example, consider an operator that implements a system and DBA as follows: Table 2. Example of Specific System Implementation to Mitigate Rain Fade In this case, the 16QAM, 9 MHz link will provide the same data transmission rate to the subscriber as the QPSK link, 20 MHz.

Background thermo-agitation will be extended for the QPSK link, however the retransmitting energy in amp required for the QPSK is reduced and the carrier for the required noise ratio (CNR) in the receiver is reduced, thus leading to improvements in the execution of the link during the case of rain fading. In this case, there is no requirement to limit low priority traffic because the data transmission rates offered to subscribers are the same. The additional fading margin that is required during the case of rain fading is provided by this transition. The specific feature that is patented, therefore, is any dynamic bandwidth distribution algorithm that uses the concept of limiting the proportion of traffic types from highest priority to lowest priority in order to allow changes in traffic. modulation, bandwidth and FEC to be used during the cases of rain fading. Each operator of the system that manages a flexible system will have to implement different specific approaches within this concept of design. The DBA algorithm and the specific algorithm implementations can place both the TDMA access system as of FDMA. 3. In band-link systems for single frequency networks, in which the distribution polarization in each cell is the same and in which the link polarization is the same and cross-biased from the distribution polarization. Frequency networks are defined as systems that distribute signals on the same frequency. In addition, the concept of link between these distribution sites that use the same cross-polarized frequencies with the distribution frequency is new. In this system design method, all links are polarized in one method (for example, either vertical or horizontal) and the distribution sites cross polarized from the links. In this approach, the forward to back proportions of the subscriber antenna and the cross polarization discrimination are used to provide good performance in all the interference zones that appear. The design of the system is new, in which the classic analog MMDS systems use cross-polarization of the distribution cells. This system design does not use frequency conversion circuits in the various repeater / distributor towers within the link design, and therefore no degradation of phase noise is observed. along the link route. The band link design is achieved through its own isolation in the link / distribution tower. For example, the test showed that 100 dB isolation values can be achieved at 2.5 GHz for an orientation of the tower equipment, in which the distribution antenna is 100 feet above the receiving link antenna. Therefore, this value of 100 dB allows a gain of 70 dB in the tower, thus achieving a value of Carrier to Interface (co-channel) of 30 dB. The C / I value of 30 dB is sufficient for the final part of a band link system that uses 16-QAM modulation. The in-band link repeater equipment can be operated in a fixed gain mode (in which the repeater gain does not change with the level of the input signal) or it can be operated in an ALC or AGC mode. For a fixed gain band link system, the value of C / l in the tower will be kept at a constant value when fading occurs, and therefore the C / N value of the distributed signal is allowed to vary. For the repeater equipment that offers ALC capability, the repeater gain varies while fading occurs, which therefore causes the C / N value to remain constant as the C / I value at the tower site increases or decreases . Both of these approaches to the system are consistent with the band link discussed above. In addition, the intermodulation noise and the cascading intermodulation noise that are foralong series of these in-band link jumps must be adapted within the specific design of the distribution and link system. The adaptation of the intermodulation noise within this design can be carried out using waveguide filtering to allow the reduction of out-of-band C / CTB emissions, or the design can be such that it does not require waveguide filtering. Both of these approaches for the control of intermodulation are within the scope of the claim of the link in band. 4. Correlation of wireless ATM signaling messages to ITU Q.2931 or ATM Forum UNI 3.2 / 4.0 The WADS covered under this patent is fundamentally different from metallic cable ATM systems. The physical layer of the WADS is a point-to-multipoint system compared to the physical layer of metallic cable ATM which is a point-to-point system. Note that ATM networks provide point-to-multipoint service, but that this service is a logical view of several point-to-point connections. Due to this fundamental architectural difference, there is a need to correlate the signaling messages of the network of Wireline ATMs that are designed to support point-to-point connections for wireless signaling messages that are designed to operate in a point-to-multipoint environment. The wireless network node communicates with the ATM switch using standard signaling procedures by standard bodies such as, the ITU, the ATM Forum and ETSI. The signaling information and handling information between the wireless network node and the ATM switch are exchanged using well known virtual connections such as VPI / VCI = 0/5 and VCI / VCI = 0/16. However, the wireless network node does not address all users in the point-to-multipoint environment using the same virtual signaling connections. Therefore, the design uses a unique virtual connection (VPI / VCI) for call control messages and a single virtual connection (VPI / VCI) for management messages, are located for each user in the point-to-multipoint system . Each user recognizes their own virtual connections, handling and signaling and ignores all other virtual connections, handling and signaling. The wireless network node executes the mapping between the standard signaling VPIs / VCIs and the individual virtual signaling connections of each user. The correlation function is executed based on the information in the call placed message such as the called party number or any other parameters that may be appropriate depending on the nature of the services that are provided collectively by the wireless network node and the metallic wire network. The correlation of the subsequent message is made based on the reference value of the call. In addition, due to the fact that the physical layer is configured in a point-to-multipoint manner, we are able to define VPI / VCIs for distribution signaling and stereophonic broadcast with two stations. The VPI / VCI of two-station stereophonic broadcast is addressed to a group of users and the VPI / VCI is addressed to all users. The specific values and the number of VPl and VCI values that are used for this signaling correlation change based on the requirements of the system operator, and these variations are consistent with the Wireless ATM Signaling design detailed above. 5. Wireless IP Addressing Architecture With an Internet Service Provider (ISP), addressing is typically assigned on a per-connection basis through the modem to which the user connects. This architecture is functional for dedicated connection networks, in which the user's modem is connected to a specific ISP modem within the ISP's modem bank, however, for a wireless system, it is possible to share the modem devices in the user's terminal. Therefore, this design allows each PC in the customer's home to use the serial number of the wireless modem to communicate with the cell site. This design uses a serial number that is dedicated to a specific wireless modem. In addition, in the CPE each PC has a class A IP address (false IP address) and uses the address of the physical layer for traffic between the entities in the client's site. This will prevent local traffic 1 from leaving the local LAN. Next, we will discuss the routing of IP messages sent from the client's PC to the Internet and from the Internet to the client's PC. First, we will start with the messages sent from the client's PC to the ISP and then with the messages sent from the ISP to the client's PC. There may be more than one PC on the client's site. Each PC has a false IP address (address class A). When one of the PCs on the client side wants to communicate with the ISP, it sends a message to the wireless modem. When the wireless modem recognizes that a message is directed to it, it knows that that message has to be advanced to the cell site computer. Because the communication between entities on the consumer's side of the home is made by Ethernet, and in order to send the Ethernet packet to the cell site, the wireless modem is removed from the Ethernet address, divides the message into segments in the appropriate wireless package, add your serial number to each packet, and send each packet in your distributed upstream traffic time segments. The cell site team reinstalls the original Ethernet packet, exchanges the fake IP address within the IP address provided by the ISP for that connection, and sends the Ethernet packet to the ISP equipment. The routing of IP traffic from the ISP to the client PC is done as follows. The ISP sends the Ethernet packet with the destination IP address to the cell site equipment. The cell site team takes the Ethernet packet and extracts the Ethernet address. The destination IP address is compared to a serial number of the wireless modem and a false IP address from one maintained by the cell site equipment. Once a comparison has been found, the destination IP address is changed with the fake IP address and the message is divided into segments in the wireless packets downstream. The serial number of the directed wireless modem is now added to each wireless packet downstream. The client's wireless modem list the downstream channel and recognize the packets with their serial number. These packets are then installed in an Ethernet packet and the Ethernet address that corresponds to the fake IP address is added to the message. Finally, the message is sent via Ethernet to the consumer's PC. 6. Segmentation and Reinstallation of MPEG2 over ATM with PID correlation for VCC. Each MPEG2 stream is identified by a unique Bit Package Identifier 13 (PID). A separate PID is used for MPEG audio and video streams. To transport the MPEG2 packets over ATM, it is necessary to correlate each MPEG2 stream in a single Virtual Channel Connection (VCC). In the data of this patent presentation, there are no standards to make this correlation. The VCC is identified by the Virtual Trajectory Identifier (VPl) and a Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) fields of the ATM base. Therefore, we execute a direct correlation between the MPEG2 PID and ATM VPI / VCI. Segmentation and reinstallation runs on the MPEG2 packets in such a way that the MPEG2 packets can be transported by the ATM. Four SARing algorithms are described superficially as follows: 1. Correlation of an MPEG packet in a packet AAL5 using S-ARing procedures of the AAL5. This results in the creation of an AAL5 packet, which is an ATM of five cells long. 2. Correlation of three MPEG packets in an AAL5 package using SARA procedures of the AAL5. This results in the creation of an AAL5 packet, which is an ATM of 12 cells long. 3. Correlation of an MPGE2 packet in ATM of four cells using a proprietary SARing algorithm. Each MEPG-2 package is divided into four segments and is planned in four ATM cells. The last ATM cell contains four bits that are used for control and reinstallation (see figure below). A term of the signal of the MPEG packet is indicated in bit 45. After the end of the packet signal there is a three-bit field containing a sequence of the Cyclic Redundancy Control Sum, which is able to detect and correct transmission errors.

The MPEG-2 packet divided into segments is as follows: The payload of the last packet is: 44 bits 1 bit 3 bits 1. Correlation of an MPEG2 packet in four ATM cells using a proprietary SARing algorithm where the last ATM cell is marked with the PT1 field set to one. Similar to the number method. Each MPEG- packet is divided into four sectors and is planned in four ATM cells. We use the Payload Type Indicator field in the ATM cell to indicate the last cell of an MPEG packet. The PT1 field of the last ATM cell is set to PT1 = 1. For the three previous ATM cells, the PT1 field is set to PT1 = 0. The four bits archived in the last ATM cell are used so that CRC- 32 detect and correct transmission errors. Note that this algorithm is different from the AAL5 algorithm in that constant length packets are SARed and therefore the compensation and length fields are removed, allowing us to place an MPEG 2 packet in four ATM cells. 7. Broadband systems that do not use the filtering of the hardware guard band, but instead use algorithms from the software guard band (SGB) in which the transmission and reception frequencies are separated by a reasonable amount to allow spectral re-growth, inter-modulation and interference effects, providing flexible allocation of the upstream and downstream frequencies. This concept of broadband microwave equipment with variable bandwidth modems that allow channeling can be used to provide varying reception and transmission frequencies. For example, during the day when commercial data connections are used, most connections can be symmetric, in which case an equal portion of the allowed frequency will be allocated in the upstream and downstream directions. However, at night, most of the traffic requirement may be residential Internet access, in which case the operator may wish to use more than the frequency allowed for communication downstream and less for upstream communication. The system design required to provide this feature can not use hardware filtering to dictate the upstream and downstream channels, because this will limit the flexibility of the system. Instead, an SBA algorithm is required, which operates at the cell site and distributes the transmission and reception frequencies to the subscriber terminals for the purpose to provide a reasonable frequency separation between the Rx and Tx frequencies, thus creating the software guard bands instead of the hardware guard bands. The definition of the term "reasonable" will vary between the operators of the system and between the permitted frequency bands. This claim is applicable to any broadband system that does not use fixed upstream and downstream pipelines, which is limited by hardware filtering. The implementation of the reception and transmission equipment can use separate reception and transmission antennas at the subscriber and / or cell site (which therefore allows full double communication due to the high isolation values that can be achieved), or it can be implemented using a common antenna with adequate cross-polarization or diversity of frequencies between the reception and transmission bands. Any type of implementation is consistent with this claim since the filtering of the hardware guard band does not limit the system. 8. Inverse multiplex method for wireless OC3 supply. This technology applies the concept of inverse multiplexing to wireless links. Consider the following example. Suppose a single user has requested a service in the data transmission speed OC of 155.52 Mb / s. The propagation characteristics for that user allow only 18 Mb / s wireless links to be established. The limitation depends on the particular propagation between the transmitter and the receiver. In this case, we provide 9 wireless links, each operating at a data transmission speed of 18 Mb / s. Each link carries a portion of the OC-3 traffic. In the transmission direction (from the metal cable ATM to the Wireless ATM), seven ATM cells are packaged in a wireless package. Each wireless packet is sent over a different link in a circular fashion, such that each wireless link carries the equivalent of 1/9 of the OC-3 data rate. Free ATM cells can be inserted into the wireless packets to ensure proper de-coupling of the speed between the higher speed OC3 link and the slower speed wireless links. The wireless packet contains a sequence counter that is used to ensure that the cells are rebuilt in the same order they arrived. The process of cutting incoming traffic on several slower parallel wireless paths is called the process without link.

In the receiving direction (from the wireless ATM to the metallic wire ATM), the wireless packets from the parallel paths are recombined into a single stream of ATM cells. The order of the ATM cells is preserved using the field of the sequence counter. The recombined ATM current is sent to the wire-cable interface of the OC-. The free ATM cells are removed in the reception process to ensure that the cell arrival time of all parallel paths is maintained. The process of combining the ATM cells of all the different parallel cells is called a link. The separators are provided in the reception and transmission directions so that the cell's time is preserved during the processes of, link and without link. The system is not limited to only 9 parallel trajectories. Any number of parallel paths from 2 to 9 and above can be used to provide an end-to-end transmission path for any number of wireline data transmission rates such as, DS3, E3, OC-3 and OC-12. This algorithm includes the ability to gracefully recover from one to several failures of wireless links, which can result in failure of the component or an interference of the time path. Under this type of failure, the traffic speed offered to the wireless system may be higher than the wireless links can carry. The system will initially execute a cell level discard or a packet level discard based either on the Cell Loss Priority (CLP) bit or the Payload Type Indicator (PTl) of the ATM header to match the data transmission speed offered with the transmission capacity of the remaining links. The link can incorporate traffic shaping techniques and end-to-end flow control algorithms in the ATM traffic type ABR and UBR to reduce inbound traffic from the OC-3 until it matches the capacity of the links Remaining wireless, functional and cell discarding is no longer required. 9. Use of UTP support bridges to provide high bandwidth connectivity of UTO (Unarmed Twisted Pair) to subscribers. The WADS can be used to provide an intermediate link between the main network and the UTP connection point (Unarmed Twisted Pair), called a support. In this case, the cell site communicates with a broadcaster to the UTP or router support, with the client in this way receiving the communication through of the UTP in the home or building. This is represented in Figure 5 for a typical configuration. The multiple configurations for this equipment, connecting from a subscriber to many subscribers, are possible. The various designs for antennas, transceivers and digital support equipment are made depending on the details of the connection requirement of the system operator. 10. Implementation of diversity reception at the subscriber's site for UHF / VHF / MMDS and other Digital TV MPEG distribution systems through the use of two reception antennas with different values of the LNB oscillator, followed by a design of the set of the upper box that allows the evaluation of RSSI and BER within the set of the upper box at the demodulator level. For systems using frequencies from 54 MHz to 10 GHz, the main cutting mechanism is multi-path. In order to mitigate the multiple path, two or more antennas are provided in the subscriber's home. This is shown in Figure 6. these antennas have LNB (Noise Block Subconverters) Low) integrated or not integrated with different oscillating frequencies. A common cable from the indoor equipment (upper set or upper layer set) connects to both LNBs. The indoor team will have two sets of signals, one set at a frequency such as 222-408 MHz and the other at a higher frequency (for example, 600-786 MHz). Both of these frequency ranges contain exactly the same data, the only difference is in the value of the IF (Intermediate Frequency). Both of these subverted frequencies can be observed by a set of the upper box that has a selector that converts these ranges. Within the upper box assembly, the various TV channels that are defined by the system operator have been associated with a pair of frequencies (one in the range of 222-408 MHz, the other in the range of 600-78 MHz) and a set of PID values (Identification Pack) within the MPEG2 standard and specification. For example, channel 2 can be specified as frequency 225 and frequency 606, with PID values at both frequencies being video = l, audio = 2. When the subscriber uses the upper case set and selects a specific TV channel, the upper case set first searches within the range of 222-408 MHz for the channel. If the level of the received signal or the bit error rate is too high, the upper case set checks the highest frequency block (600-78 GHz in our example). This approach achieves the use of a single coaxial cable for outdoor equipment and mitigates the fading of multiple trajectory that occurs in the link because two antennas are available. These outdoor and indoor antennas are typically separated by 10 wavelengths in order to achieve a lower correlation value for the received signal levels. Note that for MMDS systems, the wavelength is approximately 10 cm, leading to a typical antenna space in the 100 cm range. The approach listed above obviously works with different types of antennas, several antenna spaces, and several ranges of the IF frequency. The approach can also use a toner / demodulator section for lower cost or multiple toner / demodulator sections for reasons of redundancy without changing the basic design principle. The approach will operate on UHF / VHF frequencies, MMDS frequencies and other system frequencies that suffer from multiple trajectories. The antennas in the subscriber can be pointed in the same distribution or to different distribution antennas within the area, with these different distribution antennas separating by small and large distances. Subscriber antennas can be mounted on two different sides of a home or building, on the same side, in different vertical heights, all of which is consistent with this design concept. 11. Use of free cell discard algorithms for Wireless ATM links in the upstream direction from the subscriber to the cell site. Within standard ATM. ATM links operate with fixed speed connections. Within wireless links, this would lead to a low efficiency system because wireless links are shared resources among all users. The use of the free cell discard algorithms is therefore a unique feature of wireless ATM systems, and is claimed. The specific free cell discard algorithms that are used depend on the type of traffic, be it CBR, VBR, ABR or UBR and on the specific Qos (Quality of Service) contract, which is in force. The discard algorithm of the free cell can be activated or deactivated, depending on the type of traffic. The discarding algorithm of the free cell is not used from the cell site to the subscriber, because constant rate data streams are required to maintain subscriber timing and synchronization. Instead, the discarding of the free cell is used from the subscriber's site to the cell site (the upstream address), so that only useful data is transmitted from the cell. subscriber. 12. Use of different Transmission and Reception Sectorization in the cell site and / or Repeater / Concentrator to achieve the Reduced Transmission Energies of the Subscriber's Site. At the cell site, highly divided antennas are used in sectors to provide the highest bandwidth in the coverage area of the cell, both for the upstream current and the downstream current. In addition, the sectorization of the receiving antenna is increased beyond that of the transmission antenna, thereby providing increased gain in the upstream path. This increased gain allows for a reduction in the transmission power of the subscriber side, thus mitigating well-being issues at the subscriber's site, providing a lower-cost subscriber site equipment and also allowing distributions of the guardband frequency. of zero within the system. Zero-guard band frequency distributions are carried out as shown in Figure 7, in which the lowest transmission power coupled with the transmission for the receiving circuit isolation of approximately 10 dB, allows the cheap subscriber team deployments for For purposes of this example, it is assumed that a 2 dB transmit power is used at the cell site or repeater / hub and that the subscriber LAN can maintain a maximum RSL of -18 dB before distortion, and that the duplexer of the Subscriber provides 10 dB of isolation between the transmission circuits to subscriber reception. Without receiving antenna sectorization, the transmit power at the subscriber link is required to be the same as at the cell site or the transmitter / hub transmitter power (i.e., 2 dbM). However, with an increase in sector gain of 10 dB, the required transmission energy is reduced to a value of -8 dBm, which provides cost savings and savings of the welfare effect. Obviously, if the subscriber's LNA maximum input signal before distortion is -20 dBm, the Rx Antenna in the cell site or repeater / concentrator can be specified in gain = G + .20 dBm - Isolation of the Duplexer, the which allows for various coordinated specifications of the cell site and subscriber and / or equipment of the repeater / hub site. In all cases, the Received Signal Level (RSL) is equal to the N value in both links, upstream and downstream, which therefore provides equal quality of service (QoS) in both directions. 13. Spatially diverse locations of cell site reception and transmission. The cell sites can exist as transmission-only sites, reception-only sites or as a transceiver site. The purpose of the separation of the transmission and reception functions is to provide increased isolation between the two functions, leading to increased efficiency of the bandwidth. The second purpose of the separation of the transmission and reception sites is to allow a higher number of transmission and reception sites, in such a way that the bandwidth efficiency both upstream and downstream is optimized for the applications specific. As the separation between the functions of the transmission and reception site increases, the first effect is an increase in isolation. In those cases where the system has more reception sites than transmission sites, the subscriber's antennas, which have both a main receiving lobe and a main transmission lobe that can be pointed in different directions, can allow reception upstream at levels signaling, leading to lower-cost subscriber equipment, reduced emissions at the subscriber's home to mitigate welfare issues, and increased implementation of the system. 14. Use of the Multiple Antenna technology in the Subscriber's Home to prepare for the mitigation of the fading effect by rain based on the use of secondary links for the transceiver, transmission and reception cell sites. At the subscriber's home, current system designs for MMDS systems have included a single antenna element for transmission and reception functions. Based on advanced antenna technology and based on the frequency of operation for the system, it is possible to implement multiple antenna elements in the home of the subscriber. These multiple antennas can be used to provide diversity of routes for the purpose of mitigating rain attenuation and can also be used to provide spatial diversity for the purpose of mitigating multipath attenuation. This approach is represented in Figure 8. The drawing is applicable to either any configuration of the subscriber's home or configuration of the support team. Links 1 and 2 can be used for the simultaneous transmission of the same information or can be used as a link configuration, primary and secondary, in which the primary link is used until the signal level drops below acceptable levels, after which the secondary link is used. While the drawing illustrates an antenna in a typical dielectric lens or parabola configuration, it is understood that the antennas may be flat panels and other antenna technologies. The antennas can also be integrated into the subscriber's home and / or packaging of the support team. Also, the drawing illustrates the addressing of the antennas in opposite directions, however, it should be understood that any orientation of the antennas is allowed. Also, the antennas can point to the same cell site and be used with combination equipment in the microwave, IF or digital level in order to combat the effects of multiple trajectory. While the particular aspects and embodiments of the present invention have been described in the foregoing, it should be understood that other aspects and embodiments are possible within the scope of the invention and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (46)

1. NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the present invention, it is considered as a novelty and therefore the property described in the following claims is claimed as property. A wireless distribution system for communication over a coverage area, said system comprising: a plurality of cells within the coverage area; at least one cell site including means of signal transmission within each cell; at least one subscriber site within each cell, including signal receiving means for receiving signals from the cell site within the same cell. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that: each subscriber site includes a modem for demodulating the signals received from the cell site; the cell site includes bandwidth signal means for transmitting the bandwidth control signals to the subscriber site; and the modem includes band-width selection means responsive to the band-width control signals to selectively vary an operating bandwidth of the modem. 3. A system according to claim 2, characterized in that it includes a plurality of subscriber sites within at least one cell, the means of signal transmission in said at least one cell comprises means for spreading within a cell at least one microwave signal having a selected bandwidth, and the modems comprise means responsive to respective bandwidth control signals that operate in respective portions of said selected bandwidth. A wireless distribution system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a plurality of subscriber sites within at least one cell comprises transmission means for transmitting signals to the cell site and receiving means for receiving signals from the site of the cell, the transmission means and the reception means operate at different transmission and reception frequencies and the modems comprise means that respond to the control signals of the bandwidth to provide a guardband between the transmission and reception frequencies . 5. A wireless distribution system according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: the cell site includes signal modulation means for transmitting the control signals of the modulation to the subscriber's site; and the modem includes modulation method selection means that respond to the modulation control signals to selectively vary the modulation method of the modem. 6. A wireless distribution system according to claim 5, characterized in that the modulation method is selected from: QPSK; 16 -QAM 64 -QAM and 256 -QAM. 7. A wireless distribution system according to any of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: the cell site includes forward error correction signal means for transmitting error correction control signals in advance towards the subscriber's site; and the modem includes forward error correction selection means responsive to forward error correction control signals to selectively vary the modem error correction method. 8. A wireless distribution system according to claim 7, characterized in that the forward error correction method is selected from: Reed-Solomon and Viterbi. 9. A wireless distribution system according to any of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that it includes monitoring means to monitor the performance of the system and control means to vary in a controlled manner the control signals of the bandwidth according to the performance of the system. 10. A wireless distribution system according to any of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that it includes monitoring means for monitoring the performance of the system and control means to vary in a controlled manner the control signals of the modulation according to the performance of the system. 11. A wireless distribution system according to any of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that it includes monitoring means to monitor the performance of the system and control means to vary in a controlled manner the control signals of the error correction in advance according to the System performance A method for operating a wireless distribution system characterized in that it communicates over a coverage area, including a plurality of cells, said method comprising: providing at least one cell site that includes means of signal transmission within each cell; transmit signals from the cell sites by all the respective cells; providing within each cell at least one subscriber site that includes signal receiving means; and receiving signals at each subscriber site from the cell site within the same cell. 13. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that it includes providing each subscriber site with a modem; demodulate the received signals from the cell site with the modem; transmitting the control signals of the bandwidth from each cell site; and varying the operating bandwidth of the modem according to the bandwidth control signals. A method according to claim 13 characterized in that the system includes a plurality of subscriber sites within at least one cell, and the method includes broadcasting within a cell at least one microwave signal having a selected bandwidth, and controlling the modems to operate in respective portions of said selected bandwidth. A method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the method further comprises: transmitting signals from at least one subscriber site to the respective cell site at a first frequency; receiving the signals in said at least one subscriber site from the respective cell site at a second frequency; and controlling the operation of the modems to provide a guardband between the first and second frequencies. 16. A method according to claim 13, 14 or 15, characterized in that it includes: transmitting the modulation control signals to the subscriber's site; Y selectively vary the modulation method of the modem according to the control signals of the modulation. 17. A method according to claim 16, characterized in that it comprises selecting the modulation method of: QPSK; 16-QAM; 64-QAM and 256-QAM. 18. A method according to any of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that it includes: transmitting error correction control signals in advance towards the subscriber's site; and vary the method of correction of the error in advance of the modem according to the control signals of the correction of the error in advance. 19. A method according to claim 18, characterized in that it comprises the correction method of Reed-Solomon and Viterbi. 20. A method according to any of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that it includes monitoring the performance of the system and varying in a controlled manner the control signals of the bandwidth according to the performance of the system. 21. A method according to any of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that it includes monitoring the performance of the system and varying in a controlled manner the control signals of the modulation according to the performance of the system. 22. A method according to any of the claims 18 to 21, characterized in that it includes monitoring the performance of the system and varying in a controlled manner the control signals of the error correction in progress according to the performance of the system. 23. A wireless distribution system according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it comprises plural cell sites that include linking means for wireless communication between the cell sites with link signals at a selected frequency and at a selected polarization. , the means of signal transmission comprising means for transmitting the distribution signals within the respective cells at said selected frequency and polarizing them crosswise with respect to the link signals. 24. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the system includes a wired ATM network that provides ATM signaling messages; each cell site includes means that communicate with the ATM network to exchange messages with it; a plurality of subscriber sites is provided within each cell; each cell site includes means for assigning a plurality of virtual connections to the respective subscriber sites; and each subscriber site includes means that exclusively respond to the virtual connection assigned to that cell site. 25. A method according to claim 12 characterized in that it correlates the ATM signaling messages from a wired ATM network with a point-to-multipoint network of the wireless WADS, said method comprising: providing messages that include ATM signaling messages to each site of the WADS. WADS cell; assign a unique virtual connection to each of a plurality of subscriber sites served by the WADS; determine a correspondence between each signaling message and one of the virtual connections; associate the messages with the corresponding virtual connections; transmit the messages; detect in each subscriber site only those transmitted messages associated with the virtual connection assigned to the subscriber's site. 26. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cell site includes means for communicating with an internet service provider; at least one subscriber site includes a plurality of computers, a network linking the computers to communicate with one another computer, a modem connected to the network, transmitting means to transmit signals from the modem to the cell site and receiving means to receive the signals coming from the cell site; each modem has a unique serial number assigned to it; each computer within the subscriber's site has a class A IP address; each modem comprises: means for converting a message received from a computer over the network associated with a wireless message format containing the serial number of the modem; and means for converting a received message into a wireless message format from the cell site to a message format of the network; comprising the cell site; means for converting a message received from a modem to an IP format, replacing the class A IP address with an IP address; and means for converting a message received from the internet service provider to a wireless message format containing a serial number of the modem and a class A IP address. 27. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises: providing the cell site with means to communicate with an internet service provider; providing at least one subscriber site with a plurality of computers, a network linking the computers to communicate with each other, a modem connected to the network, transmitting means for transmitting signals from the modem to the cell site and receiving means for receiving signals from the cell site; assign a unique serial number to each modem; provide a class A IP address for each computer within the subscriber's site; convert a message received from a computer through the associated network in a wireless message format containing the serial number of the modem; and converting a message received by the modem into a wireless message format from the cell site to a message format of the network; converting a message received by the cell site from a modem to an IP message format; replacing the class A IP address with an IP address; and converting a message received by the cell site from the internet service provider to a wireless message format containing a serial number of the modem and a class A IP address. 28. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that includes: means for multiplexing and transmitting to a cell site, information to supply it to the plural subscriber sites; and means to de-multiplex the information and select the relevant information in each subscriber's site. 29. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the signal transmission means comprise: means for providing a plurality of data links within each cell; means for dividing the data to be transmitted in sequential packets; means to transmit the packets in sequence over the links of respective data, covering the transmission periods of the sequential packets; and the subscriber site comprises means for receiving the data packets in sequence. 30. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises: providing a plurality of data links within each cell; divide the data to be transmitted in sequential packages; transmit the packets in sequences over the respective data links, covering the transmission periods of the sequential packets; and receive the data packets in sequence. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes: a support bridge comprising an antenna for receiving signals from the cell site and means for converting the signals received by the antenna into Ethernet format; a plurality of subscriber sites; and a plurality of uncovered twisted pairs connecting the respective subscriber sites to the support bridge. 32. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that: at least one subscriber site includes plural means for receiving signals from one or more cell sites. 33. A system according to claim 32 characterized in that: the plurality of signal receiving means receives common signals from one or more cell sites; said at least one subscriber site includes: a user apparatus for using a signal; a plurality of converters, each one to receive the signals coming from a respective signal reception means and generate an intermediate frequency signal modulated with the received signals, differing from one another the intermediate frequencies of the intermediate frequency signals generated by the converters respective; tuning means for selecting any of the intermediate frequency signals and demodulating the selected intermediate frequency signals; means for monitoring the signal to compare the selected intermediate frequency signals with a standard; signal switching means, which respond to a detection by the signal monitoring means, that the selected intermediate frequency signal falls outside said standard to cause the selection means to select another of the intermediate frequency signals. 34. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes: means for measuring an indicator of the intensity of the received signal that represents the intensity of the signal received at a site of subscriber; means for comparing the indicator of the intensity of the received signal with a nominal value; means for adjusting the intensities of the transmission signal of the cell site and the subscriber site according to the difference between the indicator of the received signal strength and the nominal value. 35. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that it includes: measuring an indicator of the intensity of the received signal that represents the intensity of the signal received at a subscriber's site; compare the indicator of the intensity of the received signal with a nominal value; and adjust the intensities of the transmission signal of the site and of the cell site according to the difference between the indicator of the intensity of the received signal and the nominal value. 36. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system supplies data as an ATM data stream from the subscriber sites to the cell sites, and includes means at the subscriber sites to discard the data cells free of the current from the subscriber sites. data 37. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one cell site comprises transmission and reception antennas divided into sectors with the sectorization of the receiving antenna being greater than that of the transmission antenna, thus providing an increased gain for the transmissions received from a subscriber's site. 38. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that: at least one cell includes at least one repeater site for receiving and retransmitting signals between the subscriber and cell sites. 39. A system according to claim 38, characterized in that the repeater site is a repeater / hub site for receiving transmissions from a plurality of subscriber sites, multiplexing the signals received from the subscriber sites and transmitting the multiplexed signal to the cell site . 40. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that: at least one cell includes a receptor cell site and a transmitter cell site or a transceiver cell site at separate locations within the cell. 41. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cell site includes means for modulating the signal to transmit the control signals of the modulation to the subscriber's site; and the modem includes the means for selecting the modulation method that respond to the control signals of the modulation to selectively vary the modulation method of the modem. 42. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cell sites include linking means for wireless communication between the cell sites with link signals at a selected frequency and a selected polarization, and each cell site includes distribution means for transmitting the distribution signals by all the respective cell in said selected frequency and cross-biased with respect to the link signals. 43. A system according to claim 1 characterized in that a plurality of cell sites within the coverage area, each including means of microwave signal transmission; at least one subscriber site within each cell, which includes a plurality of signal receiving means for receiving signals from the respective cell sites. 44. A system according to claim 43, characterized in that the subscriber's site includes: a user apparatus for using a signal; signal selection means for selecting the signals received by one of the signal receiving means and supplying the selected signals to the user's apparatus; media of signal monitoring to monitor the intensity of the selected signals; signal switching means responsive to a detection by the signal monitoring means, that the intensity of the selected signals is less than a predetermined signal strength to cause the signal selection means to select signals received by another signal. the means of receiving signals. 45. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes: means for measuring a received signal intensity indicator that represents the intensity of a signal received at a subscriber's site; means for comparing the received signal strength indicator with a nominal value; means for adjusting the transmission signal strengths of the cell site and the subscriber site according to the difference between the indicator of the intensity of the received signal and the nominal value. 46. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes means for the conversion of MPEG to ATM, which includes means for dividing the 188-bit MPEG2 transport packet into four packets of 47 bits each; means for inserting the 47 bits in an ATM cell payload and means for using the 48 bit to provide synchronization marks, implemented as 1-bit marks or brands up to 8-bit marks. SUMMARY A broadband, multicellular, low-energy communication system is provided for unidirectional (ie, broadcast), bi-directional, and multidirectional transmission and reception of voice, video, audio, television, and data signals within the context of a network topology from point to multipoint. The system incorporates elements of modem, modulators and demodulators that operate on the complete authorized band of the operator. In addition, the microwave transmitter, receiver and transceiver elements also operate on the authorized band of the operator, thus achieving a broadband microwave infrastructure coupled with a flexible modem architecture (modulator, demodulator) that allows flexible channeling at the level of the systems. The system can operate on two or more separate frequency distributions, such as a frequency distribution downstream at 24 GHz coupled with an upstream frequency distribution at 36 GHz. This is possible due to the division of reception and transmission functions of the cell site and the use of subscriber antennas that do not have equivalent transmitter / receiver patterns. This allows different numbers and different types of receptor and transmitter cell sites to be implemented. The use of an antenna technology Advanced Subscriber allows cell sites, primary and secondary, to be defined for specific subscribers, thus providing the diversity of routes to combat rain attenuation and rain cutting effects, which are the main cause of cut within networks of large areas operating at frequencies above 10 GHz. The unique system design under treatment allows the diversity of routes to combat the effects of rain and multipath fading.