MXPA98007044A - Procedure to initialize a system contrarobo for a vehicle automo - Google Patents

Abstract

By means of the unusual actuation of a key (3) in the ignition lock (14), the anti-theft system is brought to the initialization state. Through a distance block (16), a bidirectional dialogue with the key (3) then takes place. If the dialogue is recognized as correct, a start value is transferred on the one hand by the remote block to the key (3), and by the other, of the key to the receiver (11) of the closing system (1). The start value is used in the key (3) to generate a changing code and in the receiver (11) to generate a correct code to compare with here

Description

PROCEDURE TO INITIALIZE A THEFT SYSTEM FOR AN AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method for initializing a anti-theft system for a motor vehicle, in particular for initializing a central locking equipment to remote control.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A known anti-theft system (German Patent 43 02 550 C2) presents a portable transmitter, which sends code signals for remote control of the central locking equipment. The code signals differ in each shipment of the previous shipment (changing code or Rolling Code). When this system is initialized against theft, the transmitter and the receiver first take an initialization status by entering a special signal through a diagnostic interface or by an unusual start-up drive. Next, the receiver must receive a code signal from a transmitter until then allowed, so that the initialization can be performed. An anti-theft system like this, after a battery change, can only be initialized if the last valid code signal is still stored in the transmitter.

This requires a costly memory, which necessarily requires more energy. If a simple memory is used, such as a RAM in itself, the last valid code signal is not retained after a battery change. Thus, after the same, a valid code signal can not be sent. The anti-theft system can not be initialized. In addition, in a system against theft of this type, there is a danger that in the initialization the transmitter is too far from the receiver, so that it does not receive the initial value produced in the key. Then the sender is initialized, but not the receiver. In this way, the transmitter can not control the central locking equipment, as they do not "fit" together. In another known anti-theft system (German Patent DE 44 11 450 Cl), one-way function values are stored by the vehicle for code assurance. The reading of the values does not allow an inadequate generation of a subsequent key and, thus, avoids an inadequate initialization. In another system against theft (German Patent DE 195 16 992 Cl), a request signal is sent to a transponder from the vehicle. The request signal contains a memory address, under which the transponder reads a corresponding code signal in its memory and sends it back to the vehicle.

In another known anti-theft system (German Patent DE 43 25 221 A1), by means of an already stored coding of a key, a memory arrangement is activated. After identifying the key, the anti-theft system activates a mode, by which the encryption of another key in the anti-theft system is stored.

OBJECTIVES AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION The invention is based on the problem of achieving a procedure to initialize a system against theft, in which it is formed in a simple manner and in which the user can carry out an initialization in a simple manner and trustworthy. This problem is solved according to the invention by means of a method with the features of claim 1. In this case, a receiver is first carried out by the vehicle and an emission and reception unit in the vehicle is initialized. Next, the sending and receiving unit sends a request signal to a transponder in a key, which responds with a response signal. The response signal is checked for its correction in the unit of emission and reception. If the answer signal is correct, a start signal is sent to the key and stored there. In addition, the start signal is sent from the key to the receiver and stored there as well. In this procedure, the key is located near the receiver. This ensures that the signals sent in the initialization reach both the key and the receiver. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the sub-claims. A) Yes, a successful initialization can be indicated optically or acoustically in response to the user by means of an indication unit. The signals transmitted between the key and the receiver can be optical or high-frequency signals. Power or data signals are transmitted inductively or optically between the key and the transmission and reception unit. The change to the initialization state can be carried out by an unusual operation of the key in the lock, within a predetermined period, or also by connecting an external device to a diagnostic interface and transmitting a signal of initialization.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS An example of an embodiment of the invention is illustrated in more detail below with the aid of the schematic drawings. Figure 1 is a block diagram of an anti-theft system. And Figure 2 is a sequence diagram of a method according to the invention for initializing the anti-theft system according to Figure 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION An anti-theft system for a motor vehicle presents a central block equipment with remote control 1 (Figure 1) and an electronic remote control 2. When a door or starter key 3 is activated, an electronic unit sends the coded signals (hereinafter referred to as code signals) for remote control of equipment lock and unlock. central lock 1 or coded signals (hereinafter referred to as response code signals) to initialize the remote lock 2. The electronic unit in the ignition key 3 has a central control unit 4, which is electrically connected to a memory 5, in particular a RAM. The control unit 4 controls a transmitter 6, so that it sends through an emitting element 7, the code signals for locking or unlocking the locks of the doors of the central locking equipment 1. The control unit 4 also controls a oscillating circuit to receive energy or data (they are transmitted in a request signal) or send data with code information (they are transmitted modulated in the response code signal). In addition, a replaceable power source is arranged in the ignition key, such as a battery 9, 1 which supplies the components of the electronic unit with energy. The ignition key 3 may also have one or more buttons not illustrated, which, by driving them, generate a code signal in the control unit 4 and is sent through the transmitter 6. The encoded signals sent contain respectively an encoded information (code information). ), that the receiver compares with an expected code information (correct code information). Only if they match at least to a large extent, will the control commands contained in the signals be executed. In a suitable place in the vehicle, a receiver 11 is arranged, which can receive the code signal through its antenna 12. The antenna 12 can be placed in one of the exterior mirrors, in the interior mirror or in another suitable place to perfectly receive signals from outside and inside the vehicle. The receiver 11 has a memory unit 13, in particular an EEPROM, in which a correct code information is permanently stored. As soon as the code signal is received, the code information it contains is compared with the correct code information. If they match, a door lock, all the door locks and / or the trunk are locked or unlocked. If the user got into his car and wants to start the engine, he enters the ignition key 3 in a steering lock or starting lock 14 and turns the ignition key 3 with which a starting switch 15 is activated. Thanks to this, an emitting and receiving unit 16 is activated in the starting lock 14, which is magnetically coupled to the oscillating circuit by the key, with the starter key 3 inserted, through an oscillatory circuit 10 on the part of the lock, with a coil 18 and a capacitor. In this way a request signal is transmitted inductively to the oscillating circuit 8 in the starter key 3. The oscillating circuit 8 in the key forms a transponder together with the control unit 4 and the memory 5 (RAM). It responds automatically to a request signal received with a response code signal. With it, the transponder tries to check its faculty (authentication). When the sending and receiving unit 16 receives a response code signal, the code information contained therein is compared with an expected correct code information. If they match (successful authentication), a release signal is generated, through which an electronic block of distance 2 is initialized. If there is an electronic blocking of the address, it can also be unblocked by means of the answer code signal or by means of the code signal, so that the steering wheel can be moved. The code information contained in the code signal or in the response code signal, as well as the correct code information, can be generated respectively with the aid of a mathematical algorithm. This can be realized by hardware (as a logic circuit) or by software in the ignition key 3 or in the transmission and reception unit 16. A code information that is transmitted in the code signal of the ignition key 3 to the receiver 11, to block or unblock, is different in each broadcast with respect to the code information issued last. The modification is made with the help of the mathematical algorithm, within a cycle (therefore, it is also called changing code or Rolling Code). In each new calculation part of the code information received before as initial value. The length of the cycle, that is, the total number of different possible code signals depends on the complexity of the algorithm and the bit length of the code information. In a secure anti-theft system, the code information is at least 32 bits. The cycle length then results in several billions of different code information. The modification of the code information can also be done with the help of a so-called cryptocode. In each new calculation, the code information received last as the initial value is used. The received code information was generated beforehand as a random value in the sending and receiving unit 16. In order to calculate the new code information, a confidential cryptoclave is required from both the lock and the key, which is stored in a security memory 17 (as an own EEPROM), so that it can not be read or accessed from the outside. In order to achieve a match with the correct code information, therefore, knowledge of the code information transmitted last and the algorithm is required. Thus, the illegally heard code signals are not enough to unlock the vehicle, because the next time a code signal modified with the algorithm is expected. In the starter key 3, the code information transmitted to the latter is temporarily stored in the memory 5, until either a new code signal is generated or until the battery 9 stops supplying the memory 5 with energy. In the memory unit 13 of the receiver 11, the code information recognized as correct is stored permanently, until a new code information is considered correct and the above code information is overwritten, erased or invalidated. When the power reserve of the battery 9 of the key 3 is empty, it no longer knows the code information sent to the latter. The receiver 11, on the other hand, determines the correct code information based on its code information recognized to the latter as adequate. If in this case, after changing the battery 9, a code signal is sent to the receiver 11, it is very likely that the code information contained in it will not be known as correct. Even a possibly present synchronization range (limited number of successive code information in the cycle) can not, as a rule, restore a synchronization. A present synchronization range only helps in the event that the code information of key 3, by operating "by mistake" key 3 is only a few steps of the cycle later than the correct code information in receiver 11. Nevertheless, if the battery 9 of the key 3 is "empty", all the code information of the key 3 was lost. Due to the above, the anti-theft system must be initialized again, so that both the starter key 3 and in the receiver 11 there is the same code information, to generate the code signal and remote control the central locking equipment 1 of the vehicle. Next, the method according to the invention for initializing a theft-deterrent system is illustrated in more detail based on Figure 2. First, the user must get into his car. If the unlocking of the vehicle doors can not be achieved with the code signal, because the battery 9 of the ignition key 3 was empty, the user can mechanically unlock the doors with the help of the starter key bit 3. In order to carry out the initialization, the user in step SI inserts the starter key 3 in the starter lock 14 and operates it in an unusual manner within a predetermined time. This can be a quick round trip, at least three or more times, of the key 3 within, for example, 10 seconds, going from the initial position to the final position and vice versa. The unusual actuation (multiple successive turns of the starter key) of the starter lock 14 must be clearly distinguished from the usual drive (insert the starter key into the starter lock 14 and turn the starter key 3 of the initial position to the starting position). For this reason, the time is determined in such a way that it is not confused with the circumstances of a double actuation of the ignition key 3 in the event of a bad start of the engine. For this reason, the unusual drive is immediately recognized and the anti-theft system is brought to an initialization state. Only in this state can the system be initialized against theft. At the end of the term, the ignition key 3 must be in a rotational position in which the ignition switch 15 is on and, thus, produces an electrical connection between the positive pole of the vehicle's battery (also referred to as terminal 30) and a so-called terminal R. In this position, both the receiver 11 and the transmitting and receiving unit 16 are supplied with power (on-board network voltage). The receiver 11 and the transmitting and receiving unit 16 can be powered, for example, with +12 Volts or +24 Volts of the vehicle battery. Due to the multiple start (unusual operation) of the start switch 15 the sending and receiving unit 16 is warned to perform, in step S2, a question-answer dialogue. For this, said unit sends a request signal through its coil to the transponder in the starter key 3. The transponder can take as much energy from the request signal as required to generate the response code signal. After receiving the request signal, the transponder generates a coded response code signal, which is sent back to the sending and receiving unit 16 (this bidirectional data / energy transfer process is called the FAD question-answer dialog). ). The sending and receiving unit 16 reviews in step S3 that the code information contained in the response code signal is correct. If the received code information is recognized as incorrect, the initialization is interrupted, since it must be assumed that someone not authorized is trying to initialize the system against theft. Eventually the alarm can be triggered. In contrast, if the response code signal is recognized as correct, in step S4 a start value is sent to the start key 3. The start value constitutes an initial value for the calculation of the code information. The start value is received by the control unit 4 and stored in the memory 5 (RAM), as if it were code information sent before. The start value is sent next in step S5, through the transmitter 6, to the receiver 11, which stores it in the step S6 in its memory unit 13 (EEPROM).

Also in the receiver 11 the start value is treated as if it were code information received before and recognized as correct. In this way, both the starter key 3 and the receiver 11 know the start value, from which the following valid code signal can be generated with the help of the mathematical algorithm. As soon as the start value is stored both in the RAM of the starter key 3 and in the EEPROM of the receiver 11, the initialization was successfully completed. The successful initialization, controlled by the receiver 11, can be indicated optically or acoustically in step S7 through a response unit not shown in the vehicle. As a response unit, it is possible to use indicating units that are already present in the vehicle, such as directionals, horn, lights or LEDs on the dashboard, among others. The sending and receiving unit 16 only needs to be initialized once after manufacturing, then no longer, since the unit itself generates a random start value in each question-answer dialog and communicates it to the transponder via the signal of request. From the start value, the response code signal is generated both in the transponder and in the transmission and reception unit 16 the correct code information. The sending and receiving unit 16 was initialized together with the ignition key 3, for the first time, at the end of the band with the car manufacturer. There or already from the manufacturer of the anti-theft system, the mathematical algorithm was implemented in one or all of the starter keys 3 assigned to the vehicle, as well as the emission and reception unit 16. This algorithm can not be "discovered" by a person other In addition to the algorithm, data related to the vehicle or the person can also be used to generate the code information. The transmitting and receiving unit 16 generates, at each activation (turning of the ignition key or ignition of a start switch) a random value, which is transmitted as a request signal or as a value of 'start to the ignition key 3 With the aid of the random value, the response signal is generated in the starter key 3. As in the transmission and reception unit 16 the random value is known, starting from the same and with the same algorithm as in the transponder, the correct code information can be generated and compared with the code information of the response signal. The memory 5 in the starter key 3 is designed as RAM. As a RAM needs little energy for data storage, by using a RAM it prolongs the life of the battery 9. The user does not need to change the battery 9 so often because it is empty. A RAM also has the advantage that when the voltage of the battery is disconnected, for example when removing it, the data is lost in the memory 5. In this way, someone not authorized can not read the data in the RAM, to know the code information used last. In this way, it is difficult to violate the system against theft. In addition, a RAM is in itself present as working memory for the control unit 4. As the data is often accessed, it is advantageous to use a RAM, since this access to the data consumes less energy than, for example, access to data in an EEPROM. Additionally, a security memory 17 may be present, in which they are stored so that they can not be read, for example, the confidential cryptoclave or other data that must be stored permanently. The control unit 4 in the ignition key 3 controls both the transmitter 6 and also the oscillating circuit 8 of the transponder. The data for generating the code signal is taken from the memory 5 (RAM or in the case of a cryptocode, both RAM and additionally the security memory 17). The data to generate the response code signal is communicated to the transponder in the request signal. The signals that are transmitted bidirectionally between the transmitting and receiving unit 16 and the transponder are transmitted inductively. For this, on each side there is respectively an oscillating circuit 8, 10 with respectively a coil 20, or 18 and a capacitor 21 (the lock capacitor is not shown). The oscillating circuit 10 or 8 is excited to oscillate by a high frequency oscillation, whereby the coil 18, or (primary coil) generates an alternating magnetic field. The magnetic field induces in the respective other coil 20, or (secondary coil) an alternating voltage, in which the code information transferred is contained in modulated form. By demodulation, said code information is retrieved. If the magnetic coupling between both coils is good enough, an oscillating circuit is not required. The data can thus be transmitted to the secondary coil with the help of an alternating magnetic field, which is generated by an alternating current flowing through the primary coil. Instead of an inductive, bidirectional transfer of data and energy, an optical, bidirectional transfer of the data can also be used. Preferably, the optical transfer is carried out in the infrared range. The code signal is transferred unidirectionally and wirelessly between the transmitter 6 and the receiver 11. Advantageously, the code signal is transferred as a high frequency signal or as an optical signal (infrared). However, the receiver 11 must be arranged in such a way in the vehicle that it can perfectly receive the code signal (or the start value) of both the ignition key 3 inserted in the ignition lock, as well as outside the ignition. vehicle The method according to the invention for initialising the anti-theft system is carried out in accordance with the invention with greater certainty, since instead of a mechanical coding of the key bit only (when rotating in the start lock 14), the coding is used secure by means of a received response code signal and recognized as correct in the sending and receiving unit 16. Therefore, the anti-theft system can only be initialized when the transmitting and receiving unit 16 has previously received a code signal of correct answer. The start value that is transferred during the initialization of the ignition key 3 to the receiver 11 in the vehicle is received safely by the receiver 11, since the ignition key 3 is located near the receiver 11 during initialization. Thus, the danger of someone else hearing the transfer of the signal is reduced, since the regulating user is present during the initialization. In addition, it is possible to foresee that the transfer of the signal of the start value during the initialization is carried out with a reduced range. By the term initialization one must understand to provide a start value for the first time or again to generate a code information. This is generated again with the help of a mathematical algorithm of a cyclic sequence of code information, with each actuation of the start key 3. The start value is updated in both the starter key 3 and in the receiver 11. Normally an initialization is carried out when a starter key 3 that was lost is replaced with a new one. In this way, the starter key 3 above is invalidated. Preferably, the receiver 11 and the transmit and receive unit 16, in a first initialization at the end of the car manufacturer's band, are brought into the initialization mode by a special diagnostic signal. For this purpose, an apparatus that can be connected from outside to the vehicle sends an initialization signal through a diagnostic interface per se and a data line (on-board network) to the receiver 11 and the transmission and reception unit 16. In this case, the key 3 does not need to be operated in an unusual way in the starting lock 14, to start the initialization. Later, the initialization can also be carried out in authorized workshops, if they are equipped with the corresponding devices and are authorized to do so. The code signal may also contain control information, with the aid of which the vehicle receiver 11 recognizes which functions of the vehicle must be controlled remotely. But the control is only carried out when the authentication (faculty review) by the received code information was successful. So you can control windows, sliding roofs, sliding hoods, seats, heating, air conditioning, ventilation, mirrors, alarms, etc. from a distance. The control unit 4 can be realized by a microprocessor or a functionally equivalent unit. A microprocessor may also be present in the sending and receiving unit 16. The transmitting and receiving unit 16 can be housed securely against manipulation near the ignition lock 14 or also on a control device itself present in the vehicle, such as the engine control apparatus and / or an engine control device. brakes and / or a gearbox control device. The coil 18 of the transmitting and receiving unit 16 is advantageously arranged at the front end of the starting lock 14, so that with the inserted key 3 there is a good magnetic coupling with the coil 20 in the starter key 3.

Claims (7)

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the above invention, it is considered as a novelty, and therefore, the content of the following is claimed as property: CLAIMS

1. A method for initializing an anti-theft system for a motor vehicle, in which the anti-theft system has: a key in which a remote control unit is arranged to lock or unlock a central locking device and a transponder to trigger a lock remote control, - a receiver in the vehicle, which receives and evaluates the signals from the remote control unit, and an emission and reception unit in a lock, which sends a request signal to the transponder, receives a coded response signal from the transponder and reviews the response signal in terms of its correction, characterized by the following steps: operating an initialization state, with which the receiver and the transmitting and receiving unit are brought into an initialization state, emitting the signal of requirement to the transponder, re-sending of the response signal to the unit of emission and reception, review of the response signal in as to its correction, comparing a code information contained in the response signal with an expected and stored correct code information, issuing a coded start value to the key, if the response signal was recognized as correct, as well as storage of the start value in a key memory, and send the start value of 1 key to the receiver.

2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the start value is stored in a memory of the receiver as the initial value to generate a coded remote control change code signal.

3. A method according to claim 1 of claim 1, characterized in that a successful initialization is indicated optically and / or acoustically by an indicator unit. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the signals between the transponder and the transmitting and receiving unit are transmitted as inductive or optical energy or data signals and the signals of the remote control unit to the receiver are transferred as optical or high-frequency data signals. 5. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuation of the initialization state is carried out by means of the unusual operation of the key in the lock, within a predetermined period, or by means of the connection of a external device to a diagnostic interface and the transfer of an initialization signal, whereby the receiver and the transmitting and receiving unit pass to the initialization state. 6. A system against theft that is initialized with the procedure according to the claim in claim 1. 7. A procedure to initialize a system against theft for a motor vehicle, where the anti-theft system has: a key in which a remote control unit for locking or unlocking a central locking device and a transponder for actuating a remote locking, a receiver on the vehicle, which receives and evaluates the signals of the remote control unit, and transmitting and receiving in a lock, which sends a request signal to the transponder, receives a coded response signal from the transponder and checks the response signal as to its correction, characterized by the following steps: operating an initialization state, with the that the receiver and the unit of emission and reception are brought to a state of initialization, issuance of the signal of requirement to the nspondedor, - calculating the response signal and re-sending it to the unit of emission and reception and / or generating a start value in the transponder, reviewing the response signal as to its correction, comparing a code information contained in the response signal with an expected and stored correct code information, issuing a coded start value to the key or request for the transponder from use the start value, if the answer signal was recognized as correct, and send the start value of the key to the receiver or requirement to take the start value calculated before.