MX2013008320A - Uintahite and use thereof as a suspension for drilling, finishing and repairing oil and gas wells. - Google Patents

Abstract

Liquid uintahite, which is a product for facilitating the induction thereof in oil wells, this being a viscosity agent faster than conventional agents, the management thereof being more efficient, removing the product loses instead of using the powder version. The invention has a higher dispersion, in the different types of slurries used for the drilling, repair and finish of oil and gas wells. In addition, this product is environmentally friendly.

Description

UINTAHITE AND ITS USE AS A SUSPENSION FOR THE PERFORATION, TERMINATION AND REPAIR OF OIL AND GAS WELLS DESCRIPTION OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the composition, method of preparation and application of a fluid product, formulated with a mixture of uintahite highlighting the properties of high purity, resistant to pressures and temperatures, which can be used for drilling, finishing and repair of oil wells.

BACKGROUND The present invention relates to the composition, method of preparation and application of a fluid product, formulated with a mixture of uintahite highlighting the properties of high purity. Resistant to high pressures and high temperatures, which can be used for drilling, completion and repair of oil wells, and more specifically for drilling, finishing and repairing the production area of offshore, terrestrial and lacustrine wells, producers of hydrocarbons ( crude oil, gas and oil-gas mixtures and condensates The invention has the peculiarity of reducing significantly damages the permeability of the water-soluble production formation to provide the density characteristics, polymers and special additives to provide the product with the physicochemical properties that every drilling fluid, completion and well repair requires to fulfill its functions, and Above all, provide a thermal resistance of 85 ° C up to 233 ° C, lubricating the production line. A primary feature of the present invention is the composition that integrates the drilling fluid / completion / repair of oil wells is to increase the viscosity and control losses by filtration that do not require long times, high cutting speeds or heating. Turning it into a producer highly friendly with the environment.

Specifically, the present invention relates to compositions containing uintahite which is considered as an asphalt, polypropylene glycol, propylene glycol, tall oil fatty acids.

For the drilling of an oil well, employment is necessary; of a fluid (traditionally known as mud) which can be water base, oil base or a gas in order to carry out multiple functions. This fluid must, among other things, counteract the pressures of the drilling fluids, cool and lubricate the auger, carry the perforated cuttings to the surface for their separation and be recycled, after conditioning, to reintroduce it to the well itself.

During the drilling operations, different formations (shales, sands, sandy shales, limestones, marls, shales, shales) are traversed before reaching the formation containing the hydrocarbons that have to be extracted for commercialization. Usually the deposits where the hydrocarbons are located consist of carbonated rocks, sands and / or sandy shales, which by virtue of their permeability can allow said hydrocarbons to flow naturally taking advantage of the existing pressures in the deposits or to be depressed deposits. which require the use of secondary recovery techniques (pneumatic pumping, mechanical pumping, electro-centrifugal pumping.). Invariably, the flow of hydrocarbons through the porous medium will very much depend on whether the insoluble particles of the traditional drilling fluids have invaded said areas, causing, among other causes, the clogging of the pores of the formation, and with this the reduction of hydrocarbon production. The permeability is the ease with which the pores of the formation can allow the free flow of a fluid through them, which will depend to a large extent on how much the pores are communicated with each other and that there are no foreign particles to the formation that prevent or block the passage of fluids through it, this process of invasion or blockage of the pores of the formation is traditionally known as damage to the production formation, which is caused by the fluids used during operations of drilling, completion or repair of oil wells.

The solids contained in traditional drilling fluids are generally insoluble solids in water and oil, which, when drilling, invade the production formation, causing the formation pores to clog and thus reducing their permeability. The chemical nature of these solids (usually densifying agents such as barite, ilmenite, galena, iron oxide) prevents them from being dissolved by the traditional 15% HCI treatment, causing irreversible damage to the permeability of the formation.

To solve the problems of damage to the production formation have been using fluids formulated based on heavy brines free of solids, which present the advantage that do not require insoluble solids (such as barite, calcium carbonate, iron oxide, galena .) to increase the density that the high pressure high temperature wells require to control formation pressures, this type of fluid increases its density by dissolving salts or salt mixtures (NaCl, KCI, CaCl2, CaBr2, ZnBr2, NaHCO3, NaBr, KHC03, NaHC03, NH4CI, among others) in water, in such a way that there are no insoluble solids (in suspension) that could, during the drilling of the producing zone, invade the formation with the consequent tamponade and reduction of permeability and well production.

The dust uintahite presents several problems at the time of pouring into the oil wells, which requires mixing properly with another additive that allows its maneuverability, adding the preparation time that this leads to be used even in many of the occasions there are fish lumps or eyes which hinders or impedes the specific function of providing a higher viscosity of the brines.

They can be taken as references of existing patents in the market in synthetic and water-based liquid versions such as: The patent US20130008348 A1 details a pelletized bituminous composition and a method for the preparation thereof. The composition is composed of: between about 30% to about 40% or by weight of bituminous; between about 15% to about 30% by weight of reinforcing compound; between about 35% to about 45% by weight of hardening compound, and about 0.05% by weight of water. The reinforcing compound is composed of between about 10% to about 20% by weight of the ground asphalt shingles; between about 5% to about 10% by weight of vulcanized rubber; between about 1% to about 2% by weight of uintahite, and up to about 0.5% by weight of zeolite. And the reinforcement compound can be Type II Portland cement.

Patent 5631313 provides a suspension that resists sedimentation and is easily pourable.

It is also another object of this invention to provide a process for forming stable liquid suspensions which are resistant to sedimentation and are easily pourable.

According to the present invention there is provided a stable liquid suspension comprising an oil, an oil-soluble resin and an oil-soluble articulated material not selected from the group consisting of lime (calcium oxide in its various forms, such as quick lime, hydrated lime, and hydraulic lime), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), sodium carbonate (Na2 CO3), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), graphite, zinc, tin, quebracho, lignin, lignite, caustisized lignite, lignosulfonate, chromium lignosulfonate, naphthalenesulfonate, uintahite (gilsonite) and polyvinyl alcohol.

A method is also provided for forming a stable liquid suspension comprising the mixture of the following components: an oil, an oil soluble resin and an oil soluble articulate material not selected from the group consisting of lime (calcium oxide in its different forms, such as quicklime, slaked lime and hydraulic lime), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), sodium carbonate (Na2 CO3), molybdenum disulfide MoS2, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), graphite, zinc, tin, quebracho, lignin, lignite, caustisized: lignite, lignosulfonate, chromium lignosulfonate, naphthalenesulfonate, uintahite (gilsoinitá), and polyvinyl alcohol, in a manner that facilitates the formation of a stable liquid suspension.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Uintahite is a natural asphalt highlighted by its high purity properties, provides superior control of fluid loss and inhibition of hydratable shales, reduces torque and drag and establishes a more stable well while drilling shales and problematic clays.

Propylene glycol (systematic name: propane-1,2-diol) is an organic compound (an alcohol, more precisely a diol) colorless, tasteless and odorless. It is a clear oily liquid, hygroscopic and miscible with water, acetone, and chloroform. It is obtained by hydration of propylene oxide.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a polyether widely used in the industry. Its name usually appears associated with a number that refers to the molecular mass of the polymer or oligomer; for example, a PEG with n = 80 will have an average molecular mass of about 3500 Da, so it will be called PEG 3500. Its chemical structure can be represented as HO- (CH2-CH2-p-;) n-H. It is increasingly being used as a biomaterial due to its physico-chemical properties, it is used as a fixative.

Fatty acids derived from the Tall 0/7, is a yellowish liquid, with a characteristic odor, obtained as a by-product in the manufacture of paper pulp, from coniferous, by the Kraft process, also called liquid resin, is obtained from the residual black liquor from the manufacture of cellulose pulp by alkaline processes and, more especially, by the process to sulfate. It is a liquid consisting essentially of a mixture of fatty acids and resin acids.

In order to obtain the liquid UINTAHITE object of the present invention, it is necessary that its elements have the following degree of concentration: UINTAHITE from 80% to 100%, preferably 100%; fatty acids derived from ra // o / 7 from 80% to 99%, preferably 99%, Propylene glycol from 80% to 100%, preferably 100%; 70% to 100% polypropylene glycol, preferably 100%; The present invention has a black color, specific gravity 1.08, pour point -20 ° C temperature resistance of 233 ° C.

EXAMPLE 1. Preferred obtaining method of the present invention: Are introduced: fatty acids derived from Tall 0/7 to 99% + Propylene glycol at 100% + 100% polypropylene, in a mixer; once said components are introduced, said mixer is turned on and stirring starts at 1000 rpm, until the integration of the components a viscous texture is observed, then the uintahite powder is added, preferably at 100%, in addition the mixer agitation is increased to 2000 rpm, to ensure that no lump or fish eye remains, and agitation is maintained, to obtain the uintahite, which is a suspension, viscous in color black, stable and manageable at room temperature to finally obtain the uintahite object of the present invention.

The uintahite will not experience the dehomogenization of the elements when it is at rest or storage, due to the mixing system by agitation, which in other liquid products, happens the separation of the elements when at rest. Making a unique suspension, eliminating the sedimentation of the pure polymeric solids Polyanionic Cellulose high density, converting it into a fully pourable compound. This allows an efficient handling to make quick mixes and sweeps without the need of mixer equipment, to pour it into the oil well.

EXAMPLE 2. Preparation of 1 liter of Uintahite The amount of the components that are used to prepare 1 liter of the present invention are detailed in table 1.

Table 1. Amount of elements used in the 1 liter preparation of the present invention.

The present invention comprises 40% of uintahite which together with the rest of the elements that make up the formula provide a liquid state for brines in high density, making it not degrade by common bacteria. Providing a pseudoplastic rheology not allowing to develop high gels. Making a product easy to handle, increasing the volume of the fluids facilitating their extraction, working in any type of salinity and does not require biosides.

EXAMPLE 3. Method of Application of the invention The fluids that are used in the drilling of a well are administered by the so-called circulation system and injection treatment. The system is composed of intercommunicated tanks that contain mechanisms such as: sieves / s: mechanical device, first in the drilling fluid cleaning line, which is used to separate trepan cuttings or other solids found in the same in his return from the well. The fluid passes through one or several vibrating strainers of different meshes or size of holes that separate the larger solids; the degasser / is; Desander / developer The fluid is pumped tangentially through the interior of one or more cyclones, cones, within which the rotation of the fluid provides sufficient centrifugal force to separate the dense particles by effect of their weight. The mixing funnel or hopper that is used to add dusty additives or suspensions to the drilling fluid and the centrifugal pumps and piston pumps (2 or 3): they are responsible for receiving the injection prepared or reconditioned from the tanks and push it inside from the column of drilling through the passage or passages of the trephine and returning it to the surface by the resulting annular space between the drilling column and the wall of the well, loaded with the cuttings of the trepan, and contaminated by the components of the traversed formations. Drilling fluids; Its design and composition are established according to the physico-chemical characteristics of the different layers to be traversed. The qualities of the selected fluid depends on the density, viscosity, pH, filtering, chemical composition, they must contribute to fulfill the different functions of the same, such as cooling and cleaning the trepan; carry the cuts that generate the action of the trepan, care of the environment.

EXAMPLE 4. Evaluation of the viscosity of the uintahite.

In table 2, the viscosity acquired by uintahite is shown, by means of the Brookfield analysis.

Table 2. is performed by the Brookfield method 6 12 30 60 2,000 1,500 900 600 Table 3. It shows the tests made of corrosivity, reactivity, explosivity, toxicity, inflammability, biological infectious.

Table 3. Analyzes carried out to demonstrate the maximum minimum levels of the compound.

PROOF TEST CONDITIONS OBSERVATIONS Determination of pH 7.8 pH (< 2 &> 12.5 corrosive) Negative Corrosivity Corrosion veil, mm / year NA Corrosion velosity, mm / year (> 6.35 corrosive) Negative At 25 ° C and the atmosphere is combined or plumbed Negative At 25 ° C and 1 atmosphere (Residue-Water) of 5: 1 Negative At 25 ° C and 1 atmosphere (Residue-Water) of 5: 3 Negative At 25 ° C and 1 atmosphere (Residue-Water) of 5: 5 Negative At 25'C and the atmosphere (Residue - HCI 1.0 N) of 5: 1 Negative At 25"C and l atmosphere (Residue-HCI 1.0 N) of 5: 3 Negative At 25'C and 1 atmosphere (Residue-HCI 1.0 N) of 5: 5 Negative At 25'C and latmosphere (Residue-NaOH 1.0 N) of 5: 1 Negative Reactivity At 25'C and the atmosphere (Residue - NaOH 1.0 N) of 5: 3 Negative At 25 ° C and the atmosphere (Residue-NaOH 1.0 N) of 5: 5 Negative Gases, Vapors, or Fumes in conditions of pH 2.0 Negative Gases, Vapors, or Fumes in conditions of pH 4.0 Negative Gases, Vapors, or Fumes in conditions of pH 7.0 Negative Gases, Vapors, or Fumes in conditions of pH 9.5 Negative Gases, Vapors, or Fumes in conditions of pH 12.5 Negative It is layers of producing free radicals Negative Explosivity ICD of explosivity = To dinitrobenzene Negative At 25 ° C and 1.03 Kg / cm2 of pressure suffers explosive reaction Negative Toxicity Exceeds the limits of tables 5,6 and 7 of the Negative standard In non-aqueous contains > 24% alcohol in volume Negative Flash point, ° C NA If it is liquid (flash point < 50 ° C, flammable Negative Flammability It is not liq. And causes friction fire. Negative It is not liq. And causes fire by moisture absorption Negative At 25 'C and 1.03 g cm2 undergoes quim changes. Negative spontaneous They are gases or oxidants stimulants of Negative combustion Content of total coliform bacteria / gr Absent Biological Content of fecal coliform bacteria / gr Absent infectious Negative infectious biological risk Test method: Cretib (NOM-052-ECOL / 1993) The data shown in the various tests done, the results are shown, absent, negative and in some cases does not apply. It makes it be within the norm.

Claims (22)

CLAIMS Having described my invention enough, I consider it as a novelty and therefore claim as my exclusive property, what is contained in the following clauses:

1. Uintahite characterized in that it comprises uintahite from 35% to 50% ratio w / v, from 50% to 100% purity; fatty acids derived from tall oil from 1% to 8% v / v ratio, from 50% to 99% pure; propylene glycol from 40% to 60% v / v ratio, from 50% to 100% purity and polypropylene glycol from 1% to 8% v / v ratio, from 50% to 100% purity.

2. Uintahite, according to claim 1, characterized in that it preferably comprises uintahite at 40% ratio w / v at 100% purity; fatty acids derived from tall oil at 2% v / v ratio, at 99% purity; propylene glycol 53% v / v ratio, at 100% purity; polypropylene glycol 4% ratio v / v to 100% purity.

3. Uintahite, according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises uintahite at 53% w / v ratio.

4. Uintahite, according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises uintahite in 100% purity.

5. Uintahite, according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises fatty acids derived from tall oil in 2% v / v ratio.

6. Uintahite, according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises fatty acids derived from tall oil in 99% purity.

7. Uintahite, according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises Propylene glycol in 53% v / v ratio.

8. Uintahite, according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises Propylene glycol in 100% purity.

9. Uintahite, according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises polypropylene glycol in 4% v / v ratio.

10. Uintahite, according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises 100% pure polypropylene glycol.

1 1. Uintahite, according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a pour point at -20 ° C.

12. Uintahite, according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a temperature resistance of 233 ° C;

13. Uintahite, according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a specific gravity (SG) of 1.08.

14. Uintahite, according to claim 1, characterized in that its viscosity at 1, 500 Cps at 12 rpm.

15. Uintahite, according to claim 1, characterized in that the results of its corrosivity test, is within the normal range.

16. Uintahite, according to claim 1, characterized in that the results of its reactivity test, is within the normal range.

17. Uintahite, according to claim 1, characterized in that the results of its explosion test, is within the normal range.

8. Uintahite, according to claim 1, characterized in that the results of its toxicity test, is within the normal range.

19. Uintahite, according to claim 1, characterized in that the results of its flammability test, is within the normal range.

20. Uintahite, according to claim 1, characterized in that the results of its infectious biological test, is within the normal range.

21. Uintahite, according to claims 1 to 22, characterized in that it is obtained by the introduction of propylene glycol, fatty acids derived from 7a // 0/7, polypropylene glycol, in a mixer; Once these components are introduced, the mixer is turned on and the stirring starts at 1000 rpm, until the integration of the components shows a viscous texture, then the Uintahite powder is added, the agitator is added by agitation, 2000 rpm, to ensure that no lump or fish eye remains, and agitation is maintained, to obtain the uintahite, which is a suspension, viscous in black, stable and manageable at room temperature to finally obtain the hydroxyethyl cellulose not ionic

22. Use of the Uintahite, in accordance with claims 1 to 20 as suspension for drilling, completion and repair of oil and gas wells