COMPOSITION
The present invention relates to a composition comprising an oil.
Within the field of hair care, there is a need for improved conditioning shampoo compositions, which comprise oils. The improvements are particularly sought with respect to product stability, especially at elevated temperatures.
Additionally, the present invention has the additional advantage that a polymeric suspending agent is not required, thus reducing the cost of the formulation.
Copending patent application number EP09163568 describes a shampoo-conditioner composition comprising from 1-26% by weight cleaning phase, a network of conditioning gel with an oil dispersed therein, a polymeric suspending agent and a cationic deposition polymer.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a conditioning shampoo composition comprising:
i) a cleaning phase,
ii) a gel conditioning network comprising a fatty material;
an anionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant;
wherein the gel conditioning network has no overall charge or is anionic;
iii) an oil; Y
iv) a hydrophobically modified cationic deposition polymer;
wherein the cationic deposition polymer and the anionic surfactant of the gel network contain alkyl groups within 4 carbons of each.
All viscosities mentioned in this specification are viscosity measured at 30 ° C in a Brookfield viscometer with RV5 spindle and 20 rpm.
Preferably, the composition has a viscosity of 2000 up to
7000 cPs measured at 30 ° C.
Red gel conditioner
The gel conditioning network comprises:
(a) fatty material;
(b) an anionic gel network surfactant comprising an alkyl group with from 16 to 30 carbons;
(c) cationic surfactant;
wherein the gel conditioning network has no overall charge or is anionic.
The cationic surfactant provides improved robustness of the fatty material / anionic surfactant gel network, which leads to improved conditioning benefit from a composition that also comprises a non-cationic cleaning phase. The difference in carbon chain length between the anionic surfactant in the phase
Cleanser and the anionic surfactant in the conditioning gel significantly improve the stability of the gel conditioning network and maintain its integrity in the shampoo composition.
Preferably, the anionic and cationic surfactants in the gel network contain within 4, preferably 2 carbons and most preferably the same number of carbons. More preferably, they comprise a single alkyl group within 4, more preferably within 2 and most preferably are of the same length. This helps maintain the stability of the gel network.
Preferably, the carbons in the gel network cationic surfactant are present in a single alkyl group. More preferably, the cationic gel network surfactant has from 16-30 carbons.
Preferably, the cationic surfactants have the formula N + (R1) (R) (R3) (R4), wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently (C16 to C30) alkyl or benzyl.
Preferably, one, two or three of R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently (C16 to C30) alkyl and the other group or groups of R1, R2, R3 and R4 are (C16 to C30) alkyl or benzyl.
Optionally, the alkyl groups may comprise one or more d ester linkages (-OCO- or -COO-) and / or ether (-0-) within the alkyl chain. The alkyl groups may be optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups. The alkyl groups may be straight or branched chain and, for alkyl groups having 3 or more carbon atoms, cyclic. The alkyl groups may be saturated or may contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds (e.g.,
oleyl). Alkyl groups are optionally ethoxylated on the alkyl chain with one or more ethyleneoxy groups.
Cationic surfactants suitable for use in conditioning compositions according to the invention include cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, behenyltrimethylammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, tetramethylammonium chloride, tetraethylammonium chloride, stearyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, cocotrimethylammonium chloride, PEG-2-oleammonium chloride. and the corresponding idroxides thereof. Additional suitable cationic surfactants include those having the CTFA designations Quaternium-5, Quaternium-31 and Quaternium-18. Mixtures of any of the above materials may also be suitable. A particularly useful cationic surfactant for use in conditioners according to the invention is cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, commercially available, for example, as GENAMIN CTAC, eg Hoechst Celanese. Another cationic surfactant particularly useful for use in conditioners according to the invention is behenyltrimethylammonium chloride, commercially available, for example, as GENAMIN KDMP, eg Clariant.
Another example of a class of cationic surfactants suitable for use in the invention, either alone or in admixture with one or more different cationic conditioning surfactants, is a combination of (i) and (ii) below:
(i) an amidoamine corresponding to the general formula (I):
R CONH (CH2) mN.
R3
wherein R1 is a hydrocarbyl chain having 10 or more carbon atoms,
R2 and R3 are independently selected from hydrocarbyl chains from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and
m is an integer from 1 to about 10; Y
(ii) an acid.
As used herein, the term "hydrocarbyl chain" means an alkyl or alkenyl chain.
Preferred amidoamine compounds are those corresponding to formula (I), in which
R1 is a hydrocarbyl residue having from about
1 to about 24 carbon atoms, R2 and R3 are each independently hydrocarbyl residues, preferably alkyl groups, having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and m is an integer from 1 to about 4.
Preferably, R2 and R3 are methyl or ethyl groups.
Preferably, m is 2 or 3, ie an ethylene or propylene group. Preferred amidoamines useful herein include stearamido-propyldimethylamine, stearamidopropyldiethylamine, stearamidoeti Id ietlamina, estearamidoethyldimetilamina, palmitamidopropyldimethylamine, palmitamidopropyldiethylamine,
pal mitamidoetildieti lamina, palmitamidoethyldimeti lamina, behenamidopropyldimethylamine, behenamidopropyldiethylamine, behenamidoethyldiethi lamina, behenamidoethyldimethylamine arachidomidopropyldimethylamine, arachidomidopropyldiethylamine, arachidyl amidoethyldiethylamine, arachidomidoethyldimethylamine, and mixtures thereof.
Particularly preferred amidoamines useful herein are stearamidopropyldimethylamine, stearamidoethyldiethylamine and mixtures thereof.
The commercially available amidoamines useful herein include:
Estearamidopropyl dimethylamine with the trade names LEXAMINE S-13 available from Inolex (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US) and AMIDOAMINE MSP available from Nikko (Tokyo, Japan), stearamidoethyldiethyl amine with a trade name AMIDOAMINE S available from Nikko, behenamidopropyldimethylamine with a trade name INCROMINE BB available from Croda (North Humberside, England), and several amidoamines with trade names SCHERCODINE series available from Scher (Clifton New Jersye, US).
The acid (ii) can be any organic or mineral acid, which is capable of protaming the amidoamine in the hair treatment composition. Suitable acids useful herein include hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the acid is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, tartaric acid, hydrochloric acid, fumaric acid and mixtures thereof.
The primary role of the acid is to protonate the amidoamine in the hair treatment composition, thereby forming a tertiary amine salt (TAS) in situ in the hair treatment composition. The TAS in effect is a cationic pseudo-quaternary ammonium or non-permanent quaternary ammonium surfactant.
Suitably, the acid is included in an amount sufficient to protonate all the amidoamine present, is. say, at a level which is at least equimolar for the amount of amidoamine present in the composition.
The level of cationic surfactant will generally vary from 0.01 to 10%, more preferably 0.02 to 7.5%, most preferably 0.05 to 5% by total weight of cationic surfactant based on the total weight of the composition.
The anionic surfactant of the gel network comprises an alkyl chain with from 16-30 carbons, preferably from 16-22 carbons.
Preferably, the anionic surfactant is a sulfate or sulfonate, more preferably sulfate, most preferably sodium cetyl stearyl sulfate.
Preferably, the carbons in the gel network anionic surfactant are present in a simple alkyl group.
The gel network comprises an anionic surfactant to achieve a global anionic charge for the gel network or no overall charge for the gel network.
Preferably, the proportion of anionic surfactant (b) within the gel network to cationic surfactant (c) within the gel network, has a ratio of from 6: 1 to 20: 1, most preferably 9: 1 to 13: 1.
The gel network comprises an anionic surfactant to achieve a global anionic charge for the gel network or no overall charge for the gel network.
The gel network anionic surfactant is present at from 0.1 to 5% by weight of the total composition and more preferably from 0.5 to 2.0% by weight.
Preferably, the fatty material is selected from fatty acids, fatty amides, fatty alcohols, fatty esters and mixtures thereof. Fatty alcohols are highly preferred.
Preferably, the fatty material comprises a fatty group having from 14 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 16 to 22. Examples of suitable fatty alcohols include cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and mixtures thereof. An example of a suitable fatty ester is glyceryl monostearate.
The level of fatty material in compositions of the invention is conveniently from 0.01 to 10%, preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight of the total composition.
Preferably, the ratio between fatty alcohol (a) within the gel network and anionic surfactant (b) within the gel network is from 0.1: 1 to 100: 1, preferably from 1.2: 1 to 50: 1, more preferably from 1.5: 1 to 10: 1 and most preferably around 2: 1.
Preferably, the anionic and the fatty materials of the gel network contain alkyl group within 4, preferably 2 carbons and most preferably the same number of carbons. More preferably, they comprise a single alkyl group within 4, more preferably within 2 and most preferably are of the same length. This helps maintain the stability of the gel network.
Hydrophobic cationic deposition polymer
The composition according to the invention comprises a hydrophobically modified cationic deposition polymer.
Preferably, the hydrophobically modified cation deposition polymer has a carbon chain having from 14 to 30 carbons. It is preferred if the carbon chain is a simple alkyl chain, more preferably unbranched.
Suitable hydrophobic cationic auxiliary deposition polymers can be homopolymers, which are cationically substituted or can be formed by two or more types of monomers. The weight average molecular weight (w) of the polymers will generally be from 1,000 to 6 million daltons, more preferably from 100,000 to 2 million daltons. The polymers will have groups containing cationic nitrogen, such as quaternary ammonium or protonated amino groups, or a mixture thereof. If the molecular weight of the polymer is too low, then the conditioning effect is poor. If it is too high, then there may be problems of high viscosity of extension which leads to fibrousness of the composition when it is emptied.
The group containing cationic nitrogen will generally be present as a substituent in a fraction of the total monomer units of the cationic polymer. In this way, when the polymer is not a homopolymer it can contain units of non-cationic monomer separators. Such polymers are described in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Directory (CTFA Cosmetic Ingredients Directory), 3rd edition. The ratio of cationic to non-cationic monomer units is selected to give polymers having a cationic charge density in the required range, which is generally from 0.1 to 5 meq / gm, more preferably from 0.2 to 3.0 meq / gm. The cationic charge density of the polymer is suitably determined via the Kjeldahl method as described in the US Pharmacopoeia under chemical tests for nitrogen determination.
The cationic amines can be primary, secondary or tertiary amines, depending on the particular species and the pH of the composition. In general, secondary and tertiary amines, especially tertiary, are preferred.
The vinyl monomers substituted with amine and amines can be polymerized in the amine form and then converted to ammonium by quaternization.
The hydrophobically modified cationic polymers may comprise mixtures of monomer units derived from monomers substituted with amine and / or quaternary ammonium and / or monomers
compatible separators.
The hydrophobically modified cationic deposition polymer for use in the present invention can be obtained from hydrophobically modified deposition polymers from the group consisting of guar, carob, tara gum, black acacia, cassia, fenugreek and flame tree (Australian tree fíame tree) . Other useful polymers could include xanthan gum, gelatin gum, welana gum, rhamsan gum, conjac, mamana, gum arabic, soy polysaccharide, xylofructose gums, polyglucose (starch) and tamarind gum.
The hydrophobically modified cationic deposition polymer and the anionic surfactant of the gel network contain alkyl groups with from 4, preferably 2 carbons and most preferably the same number of carbons. More preferably, they comprise a single alkyl group within 4, more preferably within 2 and most preferably are of the same length. This helps maintain the stability of the gel network and reduces the need for a suspending agent.
Similarly, the hydrophobically modified cationic deposition polymer and the fatty material of the gel network contain alkyl groups within 4, preferably 2 carbons, and most preferably the same number of carbons. More preferably, they comprise a single alkyl group within 4, more preferably within 2 and most preferably are of the same length. This helps maintain the stability of the gel network and reduces the need for a suspending agent.
The cationic polymer will generally be present in a shampoo composition of the invention at levels from 0.01 to 5%, preferably from 0.05 to 2%, more preferably from 0.07 to 1.2% by total weight of cationic polymer based on the total weight of the composition.
Oils
The oil can be any oil commonly used in personal care products, for example, polyolefin oils, ester oils, triglyceride oils, hydrocarbon oils and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the oil is a light oil.
Preferred oils include those selected from:
• Oils having viscosities from 0.1 to 500 centipoises measured at 30C.
· Oils with viscosity above 500 centipoise (500-500000 cps), which contain up to 20% of a lower viscosity fraction (less than 500 cps).
The oil can be dispersed within the gel network or as part of the cleaning phase. Improved stability is achieved if the oil is inside the gel network.
If the oil is in the cleaning phase, the product can be easily processed.
Polyalphaolefin oil
Preferably, the oil is a polyalphaolefin oil. Like silicone oils, these materials can enhance the conditioning benefits found with the compositions of the invention. Suitable polyalphaolefin oils include those derived from 1-alkylene monomers having from 6 to 16 carbons, preferably from 6 to 12 carbons. Non-limiting examples of materials include 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, branched isomers, such as 4-methyl-1-pentene and mixtures thereof.
Preferred polyalphaolefins include polydecenes with trade name Puresyn 6 having a number average molecular weight of about 500, Puresyn 100 having a molecular weight of about 3000 and Puresyn 300 having a molecular weight of about 6000 commercially available from Mobil.
Preferably, the polyalphaolefin oil is present at from 0.05 to 10%, in particular from 0.2 to 5%, and especially from 0.5 to 3% by weight of the total composition.
Triglyceride oil
Suitable triglyceride oils include fats and oils including natural fats and oils, such as jojoba, soybean, sunflower seed, rice bran, avocado, almond, olive, sesame, castor, coconut, coconut, sunflower, mink; cocoa fat, beef tallow, lardo; hardened oils obtained by hydrogenating the aforementioned oils; and synthetic mono-, di- and triglycerides, such as myristic acid glyceride and 2-ethylhexanoic acid glyceride.
Preferably, the triglyceride oil is present in from 0.05 to 10%, in particular from 0.2 to 5%, and especially from 0.5 to 3% by weight of the composition.
Hydrocarbon oils
Suitable hydrocarbon oils have at least 12 carbon atoms, and include paraffin oil, polyolefin oil, mineral oil, saturated and unsaturated dodecane, saturated and unsaturated tridecane, saturated and unsaturated tetradecane, saturated and unsaturated pentadeca, saturated and unsaturated hexadecane , and mixtures thereof. The branched chain isomers of these compounds, as well as hydrocarbons of greater chain length, can also be used. Also suitable are polymeric hydrocarbons of C2-6 alkenyl monomers, such as polyisobutylene.
Preferably, the hydrocarbon oil is presented from
0. 05 to 10%, in particular from 0.2 to 5%, and especially from 0.5 to 3% by weight of the composition.
Esters oils
Suitable ester oils have at least 10 carbon atoms and include esters with hydrocarbyl chains derived from fatty acids or alcohols. Typical ester oils are of the formula R'COOR, in which R 'and R denote independently alkyl or alkenyl radicals and the sum of carbon atoms in R' and R is at least 10, preferably at least 20. The di - and trialkyl and alkenyl esters of carboxylic acids can also be used.
Preferably, the ester oil is present in from 0.05 to 10%, in particular from 0.2 to 5%, and especially from 0.5 to 3% by weight of the total composition.
Preferably, the composition comprises an anionic cleansing surfactant, which comprises an alkyl group with from 10 to 14 carbons.
Cleaning phase
The compositions of the invention comprise a cleaning phase, preferably at a level of from 1-26% by weight of the total composition.
The cleaning phase comprises a cleaning surfactant. The cleaning phase anionic surfactant has from 8 to 14 carbons, more preferably from 10 to 2 and most preferably 12 carbons. More preferably, these carbons are present in a single alkyl group.
Preferred anionic cleaning surfactants include alkali metal alkyl sulfates, more preferably alkyl ether sulfates. Particularly preferred anionic cleaning surfactants include sodium lauryl ether sulfate.
The level of cleaning surfactant is from 5 to 26% by weight of the total composition.
Other components
The aqueous shampoo composition of the invention may further comprise a suspending agent, however, it is preferable if the composition comprises less than 0.1% by weight of suspending agent, preferably without suspending agent.
Preferably, the hair care compositions of the invention are aqueous, that is, they have water or an aqueous solution or a lyotropic liquid crystalline phase as their main component.
Suitably, the composition will comprise from 10 to 98%, preferably from 30 to 95% water by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
The composition according to the invention preferably comprises a silicone.
Particularly preferred silicone conditioning agents are silicone emulsions, such as those formed of silicones, such as polydiorganosiloxanes, in particular polydimethylsiloxanes, which have the designation CTFA dimethicone, polydimethyl siloxanes having hydroxyl end groups, which have the designation of CTFA dimethiconol, and amino-functional polydimethyl siloxanes, which have the designation CTFA amodimethicone.
The emulsion droplets can typically have an average droplet diameter of Sauter (D3 2) in the composition of the invention ranging from 0.01 to 20 micrometers, more preferably from 0.2 to 10 micrometers.
A suitable method for measuring the Sauter average droplet diameter (D32) is by scattering laser light using an instrument such as a Malvern Mastersizer.
Silicone emulsions suitable for use in compositions of the invention are available from silicone suppliers such as Dow Corning and GE Silicones. The use of such pre-formed silicone emulsions is preferred for ease of processing and control of silicone particle size. Such pre-formed silicone emulsions will typically additionally comprise a suitable emulsifier, such as an anionic or non-ionic emulsifier, or mixture thereof, and can be prepared by a chemical emulsification process, such as emulsion polymerization, or by mechanical emulsification using a high shear mixer. Pre-formed silicone emulsions having an average droplet diameter of Sauter (D32) of less than 0.15 microns are generally called microemulsions.
Examples of suitable pre-formed silicone emulsions include emulsions DC2-1766, DC2-1784, DC-1785, DC-1786, DC-1788 and microemulsions DC2-1865 and DC2-1870, all available from Dow Corning. DC7051 is a preferred silicone. These are all dimethiconol emulsions / microemulsions. Also suitable are amodimethicone emulsions, such as DC2-8177 and DC939 (from Dow Corning) and SME253 (from GE Silicones).
Also suitable are silicone emulsions, in which certain types of high molecular weight active surface block copolymers have been mixed with the emulsion droplets of
silicone, as described, for example, in WO03 / 094874. In such materials, the silicone emulsion droplets are preferably formed from polydiorganosiloxanes, such as those described above. A preferred form of the surface active block copolymer is according to the following formula:
HO (CH2CH20) x (CH (CH3) CH20) and (CH2CH20) xH
where the average value of x is 4 or more and the average value of y is 25 or more.
Another preferred form of the surface active block copolymer is according to the following formula:
(HO (CH2CH20) a (CH (CH3) CH20) b) 2-N-CH2CH2-N ((OCH2CH (CH3)) b (OCH2CH2) aOH) 2
where the average value of a is 2 or more and the average value of b is 6 or more.
Mixtures of any of the silicone emulsions described above can also be used.
The silicone emulsions described above will generally be present in a composition of the invention at levels from 0.05 to 15%, preferably from 0.5 to 12% by total weight of silicone based on the total weight of the composition.
The silicone is preferably present in from 0.5 to 15% by weight, more preferably 1 to 12% by weight.
Optionally, a composition of the invention may contain additional ingredients as described above to enhance consumer performance and / or acceptability. The composition may include co-surfactants, to help impart aesthetic, physical or cleansing properties to the composition.
An example of a co-surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant, which can be included in an amount ranging from 0.5 to 10%, preferably from 0.7 to 6% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
For example, representative nonionic surfactants which may be included in shampoo compositions of the invention include condensation products of straight or branched chain alcohols, primary or secondary, aliphatic (C8-C18) or phenols with alkylene oxides, usually sodium oxide. ethylene and generally having from 6 to 30 ethylene oxide groups.
Other representative nonionic surfactants include mono- or dialkyl alkanolamides. Examples include coconut mono- or di-ethanolamide and coconut mono-isopropanolamide. A particularly preferred nonionic surfactant is coconut mono-ethanolamide.
Additional nonionic surfactants, which may be included in shampoo compositions of the invention are the alkyl polyglycosides (APGs). Typically, the APG is one which comprises an alkyl group connected (optionally via a bridging group) to a block of one or more glycosyl groups. The preferred APGs are
defined by the following formula:
O - (G) n
wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group, which may be saturated or unsaturated and G is a saccharide group.
R can represent an average alkyl chain length from about C5 to about C12. Most preferably, the value of R falls between about 9.5 and about 10.5. G may be selected from monosaccharide residues of C5 or C6, and preferably is a glucoside. G can be selected from the group comprising glucose, xylose, lactose, fructose, mannose and derivatives thereof. Preferably G is glucose.
The degree of polymerization, n, can have a value from about 1 to about 10 or more. Preferably, the value of n falls from about 1.1 to about 2. Most preferably, the value of n falls from about 1.3 to about 1.5.
Suitable alkyl polyglycosides for use in the invention are commercially available and include, for example, those materials identified as: Oramix NS10 eg Seppic; Plantaren 1200 and Plantaren 2000 ej Henkel.
Other nonionic surfactants derived from sugar, which can be included in compositions of the invention include the C 0 -C 18 acid amides N-methyl glucamides, as described for example in WO 92 06154 and US 5 194 639, and the amides of N-alkoxy polyhydroxy fatty acids, such as C 10 -C 18 N- (3-methoxypropyl) glucamide.
A preferred example of a co-surfactant is an amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant, which can be included in an amount ranging from 0.5 to about 10%, preferably from 1 to 6% by weight based on the total weight of the composition total.
Examples of amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants include alkyl amine oxides, alkyl betaines, alkyl amidopropyl betaines, alkyl sulfobetaines (sultaines), alkyl glycinates, alkyl carboxyglycinates, alkyl amphoacetates, alkyl ampropropionates, alkylalanoglycinates, alkyl amidopropyl hydroxysultaines, acyl taurates and acyl glutamates, where the alkyl and acyl groups have from 8 to 19 carbon atoms. Typical amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants for use in shampoos of the. invention include lauryl amine oxide, cocodimethyl sulphopropyl betaine, lauryl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine and sodium cocoamphoacetate.
A particularly preferred amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant is cocamidopropyl betaine.
Mixtures of any of the above amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants may also be suitable. Preferred mixtures are those of cocamidopropyl betaine with additional amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants as described above. A preferred additional amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant is
sodium cocoanfoacetate.
A composition of the invention may contain other ingredients to enhance consumer performance and / or acceptability. Such ingredients include fragrance, dyes and pigments, H-adjusters, pearlescent or opacifying agents, viscosity modifiers and preservatives or antimicrobials. Each of these ingredients will be present in an effective amount to achieve its purpose. In general, these optional ingredients are individually included at a level of up to 5% by weight of the total composition.
The invention will be further illustrated by the following non-limiting example, in which all percentages quoted are by weight based on total weight unless stated otherwise.
Example
Example A Brookfieid viscosity measured at 30C = 7.6 Pa.s