MX2012012671A

MX2012012671A - Power conversion device using a wave propagation medium and operating method thereof.

Info

Publication number: MX2012012671A
Application number: MX2012012671A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Sverker Sander
Original assignee: Ericsson Telefon Ab L M
Priority date: 2010-06-11
Filing date: 2010-06-11
Publication date: 2012-11-29
Also published as: CN102934341B; EP2580856A1; CN102934341A; JP2013531453A; EP2580856B1; US20130094256A1; JP5629000B2; CA2802299A1; US8766607B2; WO2011154054A1; CA2802299C

Abstract

The present solution relates operation of a power conversion device (200, 500). A first gate (205, 505) is operated (901 ) to provide a voltage pulse (309,609) travelling from an input (201,501 ) to a wave propagation medium (105) through the first gate (205,505). The voltage pulse has duration (307,607) less than the propagation time through the medium (105) to one end of the medium (105) and back to the input (201,501 ). The pulse generates a reflected wave. The first gate (205,505) is operated (902) periodically providing a voltage pulse in synchronization with the reflected wave to accumulate the reflected wave travelling in the medium (105), performing the accumulation through an accumulation interval (303,603). A second gate (207,507) is operated (903) periodically to provide a discharge pulse (312,612) in synchronization with the reflected wave to discharge the wave travelling in the medium (105), performing the discharge through a discharge interval (310,610).

Description

POWER CONVERSION DEVICE USING A WAVE PROPAGATION ENVIRONMENT AND METHOD OF OPERATION THEREOF Technical field This invention relates generally to a power conversion device and to a method for operating the power conversion device. Very particularly, this invention relates to the operation of a power conversion device using a wave propagation means.

Background There are several different solutions to provide an adequate voltage to an electrical circuit, as a supply voltage and as a voltage input to the circuit. Often, a DC / DC converter is used to convert a voltage from one fixed level to another level, for example ascending or descending. Similarly, AC / DC converters are used to convert an AC voltage to a DC voltage to a certain level.

It is known to use an electrical transmission line for DC / DC voltage conversion in a switched manner using short pulses traveling on the transmission line and synchronizing switches to perform the DC / DC voltage conversion. This is known, for example, from WO2008 / 051119.

"Passive multi-resonant components for power conversion" by Phinney, Ph.D. Thesis, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Comp. Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Electromagnetic and Electronic Systems, 2005 describes a push-pull converter, in which two switches are used to generate a square-wave AC output on the secondary of the transformer. The replacement of the transformer derived in the center with a multi-resonant transformer that has the appropriate dynamics, allows a switch and a primary winding to be eliminated. The multi-resonant transformer may be individual resonance links or an entire transmission line. However, the switch elimination is only applicable to an isolated circuit of the transformer and may not be used for circuit breaker elimination in fundamentally uninsulated, non-isolated reducing, elevating or reducing-lifting power conversion circuits.

By using a microwave transmission line, or other means of electrical propagation, electrical energy can be converted. This can be used to make DC / DC converters or amplifiers, AC / DC, DC / AC and radio transmitter systems.

The use of DC / DC voltage converters can sometimes be problematic due to the types of response and cost considerations. In high frequency applications, such components do not need to be highly optimized to function properly. There is also an increasing demand for suppliers of high frequency equipment for cost reductions at all levels, eg, in the telecommunications industry, cost reductions and efficiency optimization is a strong market driver. In addition, this is also true for amplifiers in high frequency applications.

Depending on the configuration and applications of the circuit, the solutions mentioned above may sometimes not be optimal and alternative solutions may be better adapted. In addition, there are many applications within high frequency applications where solutions for different types of power conversion can find applicability, Different types of electrical / communication configurations may require a plurality of different types of solutions within the same circuit and in different modules that inter-operate with each other. The different types of solutions are not always compatible with each other and require different types of knowledge base.

Radio frequency applications have a complex situation in order to provide a working solution for transferring signals / electric power to / from functions in said applications.

Another drawback of the prior art is that power conversion solutions require a high number of semiconductors, which makes the electrical circuit large, complex and expensive.

The figure illustrates the oversampling (OVS) according to the prior art, which is defined as the duration of the active operating state ton of the switch 103 which is less than the time of the period of the reflected wave 2td in a transmission line 105. An active state in a state where the switch 103 is turned on, ie, it goes from an inactive state to an active state. Figure Ib illustrates sub-sampling (SUS) according to the prior art, which is defined as the duration of the active operating state tenc. 101 for the switch 103 that is equal to or greater than the period time of the reflected wave 2td on the transmission line 105. Typically, 100-1000 times as long. Td (s) is the propagation time in transmission line 105. T (s) is the time of the step period of current in the input of the transmission line 105 T = 2td- When the oversampling mode is used, two Separate DC output voltages can share the same inductive diode and freewheel components by time multiplexing, thus reducing the required number of semiconductors. The oversampling mode also allows for polarity change possibilities when setting one of the transmission line ends to be shortened or open. The power conversion efficiency will be poor when only one oversampling is used.

When operating in oversampling mode, the voltage drop, eg. , from the DC input voltage to the output DC, is created in the discordant output capacitor, in relation to the transmission line. However, this type of discordant voltage conversion (G? 1, G? 0, G? -1) will not produce higher power conversion efficiency than a conventional series regulator, that is, a low drop output regulator. (LDO).

Summary The objective problem is therefore to provide an alternative mechanism for power conversion.

According to a first aspect of the invention, the objective problem is solved by a method for operating a power conversion device. The power conversion device comprises at least one electrical input interface, at least one first electric gate and a second electrical gate, at least one electrical wave propagation means and at least one electrical output interface connectable to a load. Together, the electrical input interface, the first gate, the second gate, the electrical wave propagation medium and the electrical output interface form an electrical circuit. The first gate is operated to switch to an active state to provide at least one voltage pulse traveling from the electrical input interface to the electrical wave propagation means through the first gate. At least one voltage pulse has a duration of less than two times the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means, ie, 2t¿. At least one pulse of voltage is reflected at one end of the electrical wave propagation means. The first gate is operated to periodically switch an active state that provides at least one pulse of accumulation voltage in synchronization with at least one reflected electrical wave, to accumulate the reflected electric wave traveling in the electrical wave propagation means, performing the accumulation through a range of accumulation sub-sampling. The second gate is operated to periodically switch to an active state such as to provide at least one pulse of discharge voltage in synchronization with at least one reflected electrical wave, to discharge the electrical wave traveling in the wave propagation medium. electrical, performing the discharge through a download sub-sampling interval.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the objective problem is solved by a power conversion device comprising at least one electrical input interface, at least a first electric gate and a second electrical gate, at least an electrical wave propagation means, at least one electrical output interface connectable to a load. The power conversion device further comprises an operation circuit configured to operate the first gate to switch to an active state to provide at least one voltage pulse traveling from the electrical input interface to the electrical input propagation means through of the first gate. At least one voltage pulse has a duration of less than two times the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means, i.e., 2td. At least one pulse of voltage is reflected at one end of the electrical wave propagation means. The operation circuit is further configured to operate the first gate to periodically switch to an active state that provides at least one accumulation voltage pulse in synchronization with at least one reflected wave to accumulate the reflected electrical wave traveling in the middle of electric wave propagation, performing the accumulation through a range of accumulation sub-sampling. In addition, the operating circuit is configured to operate the second gate to periodically switch to an active state such as to provide at least one pulse of discharge voltage in synchronization with at least one reflected wave, to discharge the traveling electrical wave. in the medium of electrical wave propagation, performing the discharge through a range of discharge sub-sampling. Together, the electric input interface, the first composite, the second gate, the electrical wave propagation medium, the electrical output interface and the operating circuit form an electrical circuit.

Thanks to the operation of a first and second gates in a power conversion device using a wave propagation means, an alternative mechanism for power conversion is provided. This is obtained by operating the first gate to switch to an active state to provide at least one voltage pulse traveling from the electrical input interface to the electrical wave propagation means through the first gate. At least one voltage pulse has a duration of less than two times the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means, i.e., 2td. At least one pulse of voltage is reflected at one end of the electrical wave propagation means. The first gate is operated to periodically switch to an active state by providing at least one accumulation voltage pulse in synchronization with at least one reflected wave, to accumulate the reflected electrical wave traveling in the electrical wave propagation means, performing communication through a range of accumulation sub-sampling. The second gate is operated to periodically switch to an active state such as to provide at least one pulse of discharge voltage in synchronization with at least one reflected wave to discharge the electrical wave traveling in the electric wave propagation means, performing the download through a download sub-sampling interval.

The present technology allows many advantages, for which a non-exhaustive list of examples is given below.

An advantage of the present solution is that multiplexing in time in the mixed mode OVS / SUS makes the counting of semiconductor component reduced with power conversion of high efficiency maintained. This reduces the physical size, complexity and cost of the power conversion devices, and optimizes the efficiency of the device.

Another advantage of the present solution is that it is possible to achieve controllable output voltage polarity, by alternating the transmission line end to be short or 'open, with sustained high power conversion efficiency. This reduces the physical size and cost of the power conversion devices and optimizes the efficiency of the device. The reduced number of semiconductor components, in for example an AC / DC application, also reduces the complexity of the power conversion device.

The present solution is not limited to the features and advantages mentioned above. One skilled in the art will recognize additional features and advantages upon reading the following detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present solution will now be described in more detail in the following detailed description by reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate embodiments of the solution and in which: Figures la and Ib are a block diagram illustrating the prior art principle of oversampling and subsampling.

Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a power conversion device in accordance with the present solution that can be used in a mixed mode of sub-sampling and over-sampling.

Figure 3 is a timing and amplitude diagram illustrating the operation of a power conversion device in a sub-sampling or over-sampling mode in accordance with a first embodiment of the present solution.

Figure 4 is a timing and amplitude diagram illustrating the operation of a power conversion device in a sub-sampling or over-sampling mode in accordance with a second embodiment of the present solution.

Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a converter device in accordance with the present solution that can be used in a mixed sub-sampling or over-sampling mode. 6 is an amplitude timing diagram illustrating the operation of a power conversion device in a sub-sampling or over-sampling mode in accordance with a third embodiment of the present solution.

Figure 7 is a timing and amplitude diagram illustrating the timing of a power conversion device in a sub-sampling or over-sampling mode in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present solution.

Figure 8 is a graph illustrating the difference between the input current and output voltage waveforms in the step-down converter and the step-down converter operated in a mixed mode of sub-sampling and oversampling Figure 9 is a flow diagram illustrating embodiments of a method in a power conversion device.

Figure 10 is a block diagram illustrating embodiments of a power conversion device.

The drawings are not necessarily to scale, the emphasis rather being put to illustrate the principle of the present solution.

Detailed description The basic concept of the present solution is that by mixing the subsampling and oversampling modes of operation, a multiplexing of component resource time and alternating voltage polarity is possible with maintained high power conversion efficiency.

In more detail, the present solution refers to conversions of electrical power other than electrical power in an electrical circuit using a wave propagation means, such as a transmission line (delay) or similar power transmission delay paths, such as a concentrated transmission line, a flat line, a microplane line, a printed circuit board (PCB) guide, a coaxial cable, an artificial transmission line, etc., and impedance mismatch properties in relation to the line / transmission path1. When an electrical wave is transmitted on a transmission line / trajectory and encounters an impedance mismatch, at least part of the electrical wave is reflected back to the transmission line / trajectory.

The subsampling effect, together with oversampling techniques, and together with suitable electrical components can be used to perform different types of electrical power conversions finding applicability as, for example, in: • Reducing converter • Alternating pulsed power amplifier • Waveform generator or a bit-controlled CC / DC converter / amplifier • Continuous power amplifier • Lifting converter • Radio transmitter with carrier generated by switching mode • Down or rising DC / DC converter with multiple output voltages that share at least one semiconductor • AC / DC converter with a small number of semiconductors • DC / AC converter with a small number of semiconductors The electrical power conversion can be implemented as different embodiments in accordance with the present solution, such as, for example, as a reduction converter, an elevator converter or a reduction-elevator converter. The step-down converter is also referred to as a down-converter and the step-up converter is referred to as an up-converter. Different converters can operate in different modes, such as a sub-sampling mode, an oversampling mode or a mixed mode of sub-sampling and oversampling.

The down converter presented below can have multiple output voltages independently controlled. The output voltages will be sharing the same freewheeling diode and transmission line 105. This circuit will consequently reduce the number of semiconductors required compared to two conventional reducing converters. The number of semiconductors in a conventional converter versus the number of semiconductors required in the mixed downsampling / oversampling down converter is illustrated in Table 1 below. This reduction of semiconductors can also be used in a mixed subsampling / oversampling rising converter as an alternative to two or more conventional boost converters.

Table 1 The following text applies only to the mixed mode of sub-sampling / oversampling. Each output voltage is assigned to a time slot ta (s). During this time slot, an inductor, i.e., a transmission line, can be used to store or freewheel energy for each output voltage independently with maintained high power conversion efficiency. This can be seen as a multiplexing of freewheeling diode time and inductor resources. It should be noted that the total available output power is constant by increasing the number of output voltages, Figure 2 illustrates a power conversion device 200 illustrated as a step-down converter operated in what is referred to as a mixed mode of sub-sampling and oversampling in accordance with the present solution. The power conversion device 200 comprises a VENTRED voltage input interface 201, a CENTRED input capacitance 203, a first electric gate, e.g., a switch, Si 205, Si is connected to a second electrical gate, v .gr., switch, S2 207 and with the common node connected to a transmission line TL 105. The transmission line TL 105 has one input end and one output end. The output end, ie the far end of the transmission line TL 105 is connected to ground. The TL 105 transmission line has the characteristic impedance Z0. The voltage input interface VENTRADA 201 can be supplied by a DC voltage source of for example 10 V DC. The transmission line TL 105 is connected to an output capacitance CSALIDA 209, a voltage output interface VSALIDA (V) 211 and a load RCARGA 213. The input capacitance CENTRATED 203 is used as a source of low impedance for the line of transmission TL 105, and the output capacitance CSALIDA 209 retains the output voltage when power is not supplied from the transmission line. The load RCARGA 213 is a consumer of the output voltage through the output voltage interface V "sALiDA (V) 211. A switching controller circuit 215, such as for example a microprocessor, is connected to the switches Si 205 and S2 207, and is configured to control and operate the two switches Si 205 and S2 207. The step-down converter raises or reduces the input voltage of the voltage input source in VENT ADA 201 voltage input interface to a voltage output VSALIDA (V) 211.

The operation of this power conversion device 200 illustrated as a step-down converter operated in a mixed mode of sub-sampling and oversampling is illustrated in FIG. 3 in accordance with a first embodiment of the present solution. Figure 3 illustrates the state of the switches Si 205 and S2 207 and the current in the transmission line TL 105 (ÍINTL) in the initial phase of the operation of the device 200. The output voltage VSALiDA of the power conversion device 200 it is also shown in figure 3. A more detailed description of the VSALIDA output voltage is found below in relation to figure 8. In constant state, when the output power plus losses equals the input power, the voltage of VSALIDA 211 output will fluctuate around a fixed CC level, eg, -20VDC. The loss can be losses in CENTRATED, SI, S2, TL, CSALIDA and additional PCB losses. The box with crossed diagonal lines represents the amplitude of the current wave and the arrow represents the direction of travel of the current wave, while the line in which the current wave is shown, on the y-axis representing the level of zero current and on the x axis representing the position in meters along the TL 105 transmission line.

The sub-sampling period 301 is illustrated in Figure 3 as 10td, and describes the period in which the accumulation under-sampling interval 303 is repeated. The accumulation under-sampling interval 303 for the first switch Si 205 describes the interval for which an electric wave is accumulated in the transmission line TL 105. The discharge sub-sampling interval 310 for the second switch S2 207 describes the interval in which which the accumulated electrical wave is discharged through the second switch S2 207. The oversampling period 305 is illustrated as 2td. The oversampling interval 307 is illustrated as time length td / 4. The first switch Si 205 and the second switch S2 207 are periodically operated by the switch controlling unit 215. The switches 205, 207 are in a driving position, ie, in an active state, substantially separated from each other in time.

A cycle of operation at the start is shown in Figure 3 and is described in the following text: t < 0 No power lies in the transmission line TL 105 or in the output capacitor CSALIDA 209. The output voltage 211 is zero. The voltage of the input capacitor CENTRED 203 is equal to the DC voltage applied to the input voltage interface 201. t = 0 The switch 205 is turned on briefly, forming an oversampling interval 307, for example with a length of td / 4. A positive current wave 318, in crossed diagonal lines, and a positive voltage wave propagates in the transmission line 105. During this sampling interval the. current in IT. 105 ÍINTL 313 is given by the input DC at the voltage interface 201 divided by the characteristic impedance of the transmission line TL 105. t = td / 2 The current wave has reached the path through the transmission line TL 105. t = td The current wave reaches the far end of the short circuit of the transmission line TL 105. The current wave will consequently be fully reflected with an unchanged sign, while the voltage wave will change polarity. t = l.5td The reflected current wave has reached the half way back to the input end of the transmission line TL 105. t = 2td The reflected current wave reaches the input end of the transmission line TL 105. The switch Si 205 is turned on a second time and with the same oversampling interval duration. The current wave will be reflected almost completely at the low impedance of the 203 CENTERED input capacitor. CENTER 203 is large and has a very low impedance at the frequency f = l / 2td from which the reflected waves appear. The current wave will have an invariable sign, while the voltage wave will change its polarity.

At the same time, the second ignition of the switch Si 205 is generating unei second current wave, with power supplied from the DC voltage source to the input voltage interface 201. The second generated current will be superimposed on the first current wave generated. This can be seen in the increase of the input current 314 of the transmission line TL 105 and in the graphical presentation of the mixed current / cumulative current wave at t = 2.5td (crossed diagonals). t = 2.5td The mixed current wave has reached the middle path through the transmission line TL 105. t = 3td The mixed current wave reaches the far short-circuit end of the transmission line TL 105. The mixed current wave will be fully reflected with invariant change, while the voltage wave will change the polarity.

The reflected mixed-current wave has reached halfway to its return to the input end of the TL 105 transmission line. t = 4td The mixed mixed current wave reaches the input end of the transmission line TL 105. The Si 205 switch is turned on for the third time. The superposition described above, see t = 2td / is carried out a second time. t = 4.25td • The accumulation of energy in the sub-sampling interval 303 is finished. t = 4.5td The mixed current wave has reached halfway through the transmission line TL 105. t = 5td The mixed current wave reaches the far end of the short circuit of the transmission line TL 105. The mixed current wave will be fully reflected with invariant sign, while the voltage wave will change polarity. t = 5.5td The reflected mixed-current wave has reached halfway on its return to the input end of the TL 105 transmission line. t = 6td The switch S2 207 is briefly turned on during an oversampling interval 307 with the same length as used above. This ignition forms the start of the download sub-sampling interval 310.

The energy accumulated in the transmission line TL 105 is now partially discharged in the parallel coupled output capacitor CSALIDA 209 and the load RCA GA 213. The current floating in these two components is shown in 315. The output voltage VSALIDft 211 will begin to increase from zero volts. t = 6.5td The mixed current wave, reflected in the parallel coupled output capacitor CSALIDA 209 and load RCARGA 213 has reached the half way through the transmission line TL 105. The load RCARGA 213 will be supplied with power from the output capacitor CSALIDA 209. The output voltage VSALIDA 211 will slowly decrease as a consequence. t = 7td The mixed current wave reaches the far end of the short circuit of the transmission line TL 105. The mixed current wave will be fully reflected invariant sign, while the voltage wave will change polarity. The load RCARGA 213 will be supplied with power from the output capacitor CSALIDA 209. The output voltage VSALIDA 211 will consequently decrease slowly. t = 7.5td The reflected mixed-current wave has reached halfway on its return to the input end of the transmission line TL 105. The load RCARGA 213 will be supplied with power from the output capacitor CSALIDA 209. The output voltage VSALIDA 211 will consequently decrease slowly. t = 8td The second switch S2 207 is briefly turned on for the second time during an oversampling interval 307 with the same length as previously used. The accumulated energy in the transmission line TL 105 is now partially discharged for the second time in the output capacitor coupled in parallel CSALIDA 209 and the load RCARGA 213. The current floating in these two components is shown in 316. The output voltage OUTPUT 211 will begin to increase a second time. t = 8.25 a The discharge sub-sampling interval 310 is terminated.

The RCARGA load 213 will be supplied with power from the output capacitor CSALIDA 209. The output voltage OUT 211 will consequently slowly decrease until the next discharge sub-sampling interval is initiated. t = 10td The first 301 subsampling period is over and a new one begins.

Figure 4 illustrates the operation of the power converter device 200 in accordance with a second embodiment of the present solution illustrated as a step-down converter in a mixed subsampling and oversampling operation mode, but wherein the oversampling period 405 is selected as an integer division, in this example td / 2, of the previous oversampling period 2td shown in figure 3. t < i may be for example in the ns range if the PCB guide is used, or for example in the range of ys if a disproportionate TL is used. The operation of the power conversion device 200 illustrated in Figure 4 is the same as that illustrated in Figure 3, except that the procedure is repeated twice during each time frame 2td. Therefore, Figure 4 is not further described. The VSALIDA output voltage of the power conversion device 200 is also shown in FIG. 4. A more detailed description of the VSALIDA output voltage is found below in relation to FIG. 8.

Figure 5 illustrates a power conversion device 500 illustrated as a down converter, that is, a down converter, operated in a mixed mode of sub-sampling and oversampling in accordance with another embodiment of the present solution. The power conversion device 500 comprises an input INPUT 501, an input capacitance CENTRED 503, a first electric gate, e.g., a switch, Si 505 connected to a second electric gate, e.g., switch , S2 507. The voltage input VENTR 501 may be for example 10 V DC. The transmission line TL 105 is connected to an output capacitance CSALIDA 509, a voltage output VSALIDA (V) 511 and a load RCA GA 513. A switching controller circuit 515, such as for example a microprocessor, is connected to the Switches Si 505 and S2 507, and is configured to control and operate the two switches, that is, turn the switches on and off.

The illustrated reducing converter operated in mixed mode of sub-sampling and oversampling follows the same typical waveforms as described above for the step-down converter, with the exception that the output voltage increases in a slightly different manner. Therefore, only the main difference between the step-down converter and the operation of the step-down converter is described in the following parts.

Figure 6 illustrates the operation of the power conversion device 500 illustrated as a down converter in subsampling and mixed oversampling operation mode, wherein the oversampling period 605 is 2td in accordance with a third mode. The VSALIDA output voltage of the power conversion device 200 is also shown in FIG. 6. A more detailed description of the VSALIDA output voltage is found below in relation to FIG. 8. See previous description of time instances for the circuit reducer-elevator in figure 3.

Figure 7 illustrates the operation of the power conversion device 500 illustrated as a mixed mode subsampling and oversampling, reducing converter, wherein the oversampling period 705 is td / 2 in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present solution. The output voltage VSALIDA of the power conversion device 200 is also shown in Fig. 7. See above description of time instances for the step-down step-up circuit in relation to Fig. 4.

Figure 8 illustrates the main difference between the waveforms in the step-down converter and the step-down converter operated in a mixed mode of sub-sampling and oversampling over an oversampling period time of 2td. During the sub-sampling interval 301 the RCARGA load 213 is not directly or indirectly connected to the input power source at the voltage input interface 201 in the step-down converter. At start 801, the energy is accumulated in the transmission line TL 105 and the current increases in accordance with íINTL e? Figure 3 and 802 in Figure 8. Power is not supplied to RCARGA load 213 during the sub-sampling interval. Not until when the energy discharge sub-sampling interval 310 is started, the transmission line TL 105 is supplying the capacitor CSALIDA 209 and load RCARGA 213 with power, and the output voltage will start to rise 211, 803.

During the accumulation sub-sampling interval 603, the RCARGA load 513 is indirectly connected through the transmission line TL 105 to the input power source 501 in the reducing converter circuit. At the start 801, the energy is accumulated in the transmission line TL 105 and the current is increasing in accordance with ÍINTL in figure 6 and 804 in figure 8. Simultaneously, but with a time delay ta, the capacitor CSALIDA 509 and the RCARGA load 513 are supplied with power through the transmission line TL 105 which will cause the output voltage to increase 511, 805 during the energy accumulation sub-sampling interval.

The difference described above is in analogy with a comparison of a conventional step-down converter and a conventional step-down converter using an inductor as an energy storage device.

The method described above will now be described from the perspective of the power conversion device 200, 500. Figure 9 is a flow chart describing the present method for operating the power conversion device 200, 500. The conversion device of power 200, 500 comprises at least one electrical input interface 201, 501, at least one first electric gate 205, 207 and a second electrical gate 207, 507, at least one electrical wave propagation means 105 and per at least one electrical output interface 211, 511 connectable to a load 213, 513. The first electrical gate 205, 505 and the second electrical gate 207, 507 may be in a driving position substantially separate from another in time. The power conversion device 200, 500 can be one of DC / DC converter, AC / DC converter or DC / AC converter, power amplifier, radio transmitter with carrier wave generation and mixer or a modulated amplifier. The first electric gate 205, 505 and the second electrical gate 207, 507 can be operated using a switch control unit 215, 515.

Together, the electric input interface 201, 501, the first gate 205, 505, the second gate 207, 507, the electrical wave propagation means 105 and the electrical output interface 211, 511 form an electrical circuit. The electrical circuit can be configured in different ways, for example as illustrated in figures 5 and 2.

The method includes the additional steps that must be carried out: Step 901 The first gate 205, 505 is operated to switch from an inactive state to an active state to provide at least one voltage pulse 309, 609 that travels from the electrical input interface 201, 501 to the electrical wave propagation means 105 to through the first gate 205, 505.

At least one voltage pulse lasts 307, 607 which is less than twice the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means 105 a, i.e. 2td. In other words, the duration 307, 607 is less than the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means 105 to one end of the electric wave propagation means 105 and back to the first gate 205, 505. At least one voltage pulse is reflected at one end of the electrical wave propagation means 105 that generates at least one reflected electrical wave.

A plurality of voltage pulses 309, 609 can form a train of pulses 409, 709.

Step 902 The first gate 205, 505 is operated to periodically switch to an active state that provides at least one accumulation voltage pulse in synchronization with at least one reflected electrical wave, to accumulate the reflected electrical wave traveling in the propagation medium. of electrical wave 105, performing the accumulation through an accumulation sub-sampling interval 303, 603.

A plurality of accumulation voltage pulses 309, 609 can form a train of accumulation voltage pulses 409, 709.

Step 903 The second gate 207, 507 is operated to periodically switch to an active state such as to provide at least one pulse of discharge voltage 312, 612 in synchronization with at least one reflected wave, to discharge the electrical wave traveling in the electrical wave propagation means 105, performing the download through a sub-sampling interval of: download 310, 610.

The sub-sampling period 301, 601 and the download sub-sampling interval 310, 610 is sometimes repeated sequentially and iteratively with time.

The accumulation under-sampling interval 303, 603 mentioned in step 902 and the unloading sub-sampling interval 310, 610 may be of different length or of the same length.

A plurality of discharge voltage pulses 312, 612 may form a train of discharge voltage pulses 412, 712.

In some embodiments the operation of the first gate 205, 505 to switch to an active state and the operation of the second gate 207, 507 to switch to an active state is such that a resulting multiple reflected electrical wave is generated in the middle electric wave propagation 105. As seen for example in Figures 3 and 6, the shape and duration of the resulting wave is substantially constant with time and the amplitude of the resulting wave varies with time. However, at the extreme points of the electric wave propagation means 105, the configuration and duration of the resulting wave is not the same as the waves shown, that is, the configuration and duration of the resulting wave is only substantially constant when the wave is at "half" of wave propagation medium 105.

In some embodiments, the duration of the active states of the first gate 205, 505 and the second gate 207, 507, said active states having a duration of less than two times the wave propagation time through the wave propagation means. electrical 105, an oversampling interval 307, 607 is formed which is constant and which is repeated periodically to form an oversampling period 305, 605. The accumulated reflected electrical wave and the electrical output interface 211, 511 is controlled by adjusting the interval of accumulation sub-sampling 303, 603 in a number of oversampling periods 305, 605.

In some embodiments, the duration of the active states of the first gate 205, 505 and the second gate 207, 507, said active states having a duration of less than two times the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means 105, it forms an oversampling interval 307, 6C7 which is constant and which is repeated periodically to form an oversampling period 305, 605. The electrical output interface 211, 511 is controlled by adjusting the discharge sub-sampling interval 310, 610 in a number of oversampling periods 305, 605.

In some embodiments, the duration of the active states of the first gate 205, 505 and the second gate 207, 507, said active states having a duration of less than two times the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means 105, forms an oversampling interval 307, 607 that is constant and that is repeated periodically to form an oversampling period 305, 605. The electrical output interface 211, 511 is controlled by adjusting the ratio, i.e., duty cycle, between the accumulation under-sampling interval 303, 603 and the unloading sub-sampling interval 310, 610 by adjusting the number of oversampling periods 305, 605.

In some embodiments, the duration of the active states of the first gate 205, 505 and the second gate 207, 507, said active states having a duration of less than two times the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means 105, forms an oversampling interval 307, 607, which is repeated periodically to form an oversampling period 305, 605. The electrical output interface 211, 511 is controlled by adjusting the oversampling intervals 307, 607 during the sub-sampling interval of accumulation 303, 603 and the unloading sub-sampling interval 310, 610.

In some embodiments, operation 902 of the first gate 205, 505 to periodically switch to an active state and operation 903 of the second gate 207, 507 to periodically switch to an active state is such that a resulting multiple reflected electrical wave is generated. in the electrical wave propagation means 105. The duration of the resulting wave is substantially constant with time and the amplitude of the resulting wave varies with time.

To perform the steps of the method shown in Figure 9 to operate a power conversion device, the power conversion device comprises a power conversion device arrangement as shown in Figure 10. The thick arrows in Figure 10 represent the flow of energy in the power conversion device. The power conversion device comprises at least one electrical input interface 201, 501, at least one first electric gate 205, 505 and a second electrical gate 207, 507, at least one electrical wave propagation means 105 and at least one electrical output interface 211, 511 connectable to a load 213, 513. The first electric gate 205, 505 and the second electrical gate 207, 507 are in a conductor position substantially separated from each other in time. The power conversion device 200, 500 can be one of a DC / DC converter, AC / DC converter, DC / AC converter, power amplifier, radio transmitter with carrier wave generation and mixer or a modulated amplifier.

The power conversion device 200, 500 further comprises an operation circuit 1001 configured to operate the first gate 205, 505 to switch to an active state in order to provide at least one voltage pulse 309, 609 traveling from the electrical input interface 201, 501 to electrical wave propagation means 105 through the first gate 205, 505. At least one voltage pulse has a duration 307, 407 which is less than two times the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means 105, ie, 2td. At least one voltage pulse being reflected at one end of the electrical wave propagation means 105. The operation circuit 1001 is further configured to operate the first gate 205, 505 to periodically switch to an active state providing at least a pulse voltage of accumulation in synchronization with at least one reflected electric wave, to accumulate the reflected electric wave traveling in the electric wave propagation means 105, performing the accumulation through a 303 accumulation sub-sampling interval, 603. The operation circuit 1001 is also configured to operate the second gate 207, 507 to periodically switch to an active state such as to provide at least one discharge voltage pulse 312, 612, in synchronization with at least one wave reflected electric, to discharge the electric wave traveling in the electrical wave propagation medium 105, performing the discharge through a download sub-sampling interval 310, 610.

The accumulation sub-sampling period 303, 603 and the download sub-sampling interval 310, 610 is, in some embodiments, repeated sequentially and iteratively with time.

The operation circuit 1001 is further configured to form a train of pulses 409, 709 from a plurality of voltage pulses 309, 609.

The operation circuit 1001 is further configured to form a train of discharge voltage pulses from a plurality of discharge voltage pulses 412, 712.

The power conversion device 200, 500 comprises a switch control unit 215, 515 configured to operate the first electric gate 205, 505 and the second electrical gate 207, 507.

Together, the electric input interface 201, 501, the first gate 205, 505, the second gate 207, 509, the electrical wave propagation means 105, the electrical output interface 2 1, 511, the operation circuit 1001 and The switch control unit 215 forms an electrical circuit. These components can be arranged in different ways, for example as illustrated in Figures 5 and 2.

In some embodiments, the duration 'of the active states of the first gate 205.505 and the second gate 207, 507, said active states having a duration of less than two times the wave propagation time through the electrical wave propagation means 105 , it forms an oversampling interval 307, 607 that is constant and that is repeated periodically to form an oversampling period 305, 605. The accumulated reflected electrical wave and the electrical output interface 211, 511 is controlled by adjusting the sub-sampling interval of accumulation 303, 603 in a number of oversampling periods 305, 605.

In some embodiments, the duration of the active states of the first gate 205, 505 and the second gate 207, 507, said active states having a duration of less than two times the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means 105, it forms an oversampling interval 307, 607 that is constant and that is repeated periodically to form an oversampling period 305, 605. The electrical output interface 211, 511 is controlled by adjusting the discharge sub-sampling interval 310, 610 in a number of oversampling periods 305, 605.

In some embodiments, the duration of the active states of the first gate 205,505 and the second gate 207, 507, said active states having a duration less than two times the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means 105, it forms an oversampling interval 307, 607 that is constant and that is repeated periodically to form a period of oversampling 305, 605. The electrical output interface 211, 511 is controlled by adjusting the ratio, i.e., duty cycle, between the accumulation sub-sampling interval 303, 603 and the download sub-sampling interval 310, 610 when adjusting its number of oversampling periods 305, 605.

In some embodiments, the operation 902 of the first gate 205, 505 to periodically switch an active state and the operation 903 of the second gate 207, 507 to periodically switch to an active state is such that a resulting multiple reflected electrical wave is generated at the electric wave propagation means 105, said resulting wavelength is substantially constant with time and said amplitude of the resulting wave varies with time.

In addition to the step-down and step-down step-down circuits described in Figures 2-7, the mixed undersampling and oversampling operation mode described can be used in Reducers, Cuk, Extremely-Used Primary Inductance (SEPIC) or other types of circuits non-isolated or transformer-isolated power converters (not shown in any figure).

The mechanism hereof for operating a power conversion device can be implemented through one or more processors such as a processor 1003 in the power conversion device illustrated in FIG. 10, along with computer program code to perform the functions of the present solution. The processor may be for example a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Application Circuit Processor (ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Array Processor (FPGA) or microprocessor. The aforementioned program code can also be provided as a computer program product, for example in the form of a data carrier that carries computer program code to perform the present solution when it is loaded into the control device. Such a carrier may be in the form of a compact disk read-only memory disk (CD ROM). However, it is feasible with other data carriers such as a memory card. The computer program code can also be provided as a pure program code on a server and downloaded to the control device remotely.

The present solution is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Several alternatives, modifications and equivalents can be used. Therefore, the above embodiments should not be taken as limiting the scope of the solution, which is defined by the appended claims.

It should be emphasized that the term "comprises / comprising", when used in this specification, is taken to specify the presence of established features, entities, steps or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other characteristics, entities, steps, components or groups thereof.

It should also be emphasized that the steps of the methods defined in the appended claims, without departing from the present solution, can be performed in a different order than the order in which they appear in the claims.

Abbreviations and definitions AC Alternating current ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit CD ROM Compact Disc Read Only Memory DC Direct Current DSP Digital Signal Processor FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array LDO Low Output OVS Oversampling PCB Printed Circuit Board SEPIC Primary Single-Inductor Converter Extreme YOUR Subsampling TL Transmission Line

Claims

1. A method for operating a power conversion device (200, 500), the power conversion device (200, 500) comprising at least one electrical input interface (201., 501), at least one first electric gate (205, 505) and a second electric gate (207, 507), at least one electrical wave propagation means (105) and at least one electrical output interface (211, 511) connectable to the load (213). , 513), the electrical input interface (201, 501), the first gate (205, 505), the second gate (207, 507), the electric wave propagation means (105) and the electrical output interface ( 211, 511) together form an electrical circuit, the method comprising: operating (901) the first gate (205, 505) to switch to an active state in order to provide at least one voltage pulse (309, 609) traveling from the electrical input interface (201, 501) to the electrical wave propagation (105) through the first gate (205, 505), at least one voltage pulse having a duration of time (307, 607) less than twice the wave propagation time through the medium electric wave propagation (105), ie, 2td, and the at least one voltage pulse being reflected at one end of the propagation medium of the electric wave (105); operating (902) the first gate (205, 505) to periodically switch to an active state that provides at least one pulse of accumulation voltage in synchronization with at least one reflected electrical wave, to accumulate the reflected electric wave traveling in the electrical wave propagation means (105), performing the accumulation through the accumulation sub-sampling interval (303, 603), and operating (903) the second gate (207, 507) to periodically switch to an active state such as to provide at least one pulse of discharge voltage (312, 612) in synchronization with at least one reflected electric wave, to discharge the electric wave traveling in the electric wave propagation means (105), performing the discharge through a discharge sub-sampling interval (310, 610).

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of voltage pulses (309, 609) form a train of pulses (409, 709).

3. The method according to any of claims 1-2, wherein a plurality of discharge voltage pulses (312, 612) forms a train of discharge voltage pulses (412, 712).

4. The method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the first electric gate (205, 505) and the second electric gate (207, 507) are in a driving position substantially separated from one another in time.

5. The method according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the duration of the active states of the first gate (205, 505) and the second gate (207, 507), said active states having a duration less than two times the wave propagation time through the electrical wave propagation means (105), forms an oversampling interval (307, 607) which is constant and which is repeated periodically to form an oversampling period (305, 605), and wherein the accumulated reflected electrical wave and the electrical output interface (211, 511) is controlled by adjusting the accumulation under-sampling interval (303, 603) in a number of oversampling periods (305, 605).

6. The method according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the duration of the active states of the first gate (205, 505) and the second gate (207, 507), said active states having a duration less than two times the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means (105), forms an oversampling interval (307, 607) which is constant and which is repeated periodically to form an oversampling period (305, 605) and in wherein the electrical output interface (211, 511) is controlled by adjusting the discharge sub-sampling interval (310, 610) in a number of oversampling periods (305, 605).

7. The method according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the duration of the active states of the first gate (205, 505) and the second gate (207, 507), said active states having a duration less than two times the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means (105), forms an oversampling interval (307, 607), which is constant and which is repeated periodically to form an oversampling period (305, 605), and wherein the electrical output interface (211, 511) is controlled by adjusting the ratio, i.e., duty cycle, between the accumulation under-sampling interval (303, 603) and the discharge sub-sampling interval (310, 610) by adjusting its number of oversampling periods (305, 605).

8. The method according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the duration of the active states of the first gate (205, 505) and the second gate (207, 507), said active states having a duration less than two times The wave propagation time through electric wave propagation means (105), forms an oversampling interval (307, 607), which is repeated periodically to form a period of oversampling (305, 605), wherein the The electrical output interface (211, 511) is controlled by adjusting the oversampling intervals (307, 607) during the accumulation under-sampling interval (303, 603) and the unloading sub-sampling interval (310, 610).

9. The method according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the operation (902) of the first gate (205, 505) to periodically switch to an active state and the operation (903) of the second gate (207, 507). ) to periodically switch to an active state is such that the resulting multiple reflected electric wave is generated in the electric wave propagation means (105), said duration of the resulting wave is substantially constant with time and said amplitude of the resulting wave It varies with time.

10. The method according to any of claims 1-9, wherein the accumulation under-sampling interval (303, 603) and the discharge sub-sampling interval (310, 610) is repeated sequentially and iteratively with time.

11. The method according to any of claims 1-10, wherein the power conversion device (200, 500) is one of a DC / DC converter, AC / DC converter, DC / AC converter, an energy amplifier, radio transmitter with carrier and mixer wave generation or a modulated amplifier.

12. The method according to any of claims 1-11, wherein the first electric gate (205, 505) and the second electric gate (207, 507) are operated using a switching controller circuit (215, 515).

13. A power conversion device (200, 500) comprising at least one electrical input interface (201, 501); at least a first electric gate (205, 505) and a second electric gate (207, 507); at least one electric wave propagation means (105); at least one electrical output interface (211, 511) connectable to a load (213, 513), and an operating circuit (1001) configured to operate the first gate (205, 505) to switch to an active state to provide at least one voltage pulse (309, 609) traveling from the electrical input interface (201). , 501) to the electrical wave propagation means (105) through the first gate (205, 505), at least one voltage pulse having a duration (307, 607) less than two times the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means (105), ie, 2td, at least one voltage pulse being reflected at one end of the electric wave propagation means (105); operating the first gate (205, 505) to periodically switch to an active state providing at least one accumulation voltage pulse in synchronization with at least one reflected wave, to accumulate the reflected electrical wave traveling in the propagation medium of electric wave (105), performing the accumulation through a range of accumulation sub-sampling (303, 603); and to operate the second gate (207, 507) to periodically switch to an active state such as to provide at least one pulse of discharge voltage (312, 612) in synchronization with at least one reflected electric wave, to discharge the electrical wave traveling in the electrical wave propagation means (105), performing the discharge through a discharge sub-sampling interval (310, 610), where the electrical input interface (201, 501), the first gate (205, 505), the second gate (207, 507), the electric wave propagation means (105), the electrical output interface (211, 511) and the operation circuit (1001) together they form an electrical circuit.

14. The power conversion device (200, 500) according to claim 13, wherein the duration of the active state of the first gate (205, 505) and the second gate (207, 507), said active state having a duration less than twice the wave propagation time through the electric wave propagation means (105), it forms an oversampling interval (307, 607) that is constant and that is repeated periodically to form an oversampling period (305, 605) and wherein the accumulated reflected electrical wave and the electrical output interface (211, 511) is controlled by using the accumulation under-sampling interval (303, 603) in a number of oversampling periods (305, 605).

15. The power conversion device (200, 500) according to any of claims 13-14, further comprising a switching controller circuit (215, 515) configured to operate the first electric gate (205, 505) and the. second electric gate (207, 507). SUMMARY The present solution relates to the operation of a power conversion device (200, 500). A first gate (205, 505) is operated (901) to provide a voltage pulse (309, 609) traveling from an input (201, 501) to a wave propagation means (105) through the first gate (205, 505). The voltage pulse has duration (307, 607) less than the propagation time through the medium (105) to one end of the medium (105) and back to the entrance (201, 501). The pulse generates a reflected wave. The first gate (205, 505) is operated (902) periodically by providing a pulse of voltage in synchronization with the reflected wave to accumulate the reflected wave traveling in the medium (105), performing the accumulation through an accumulation interval ( 303, 603). A second gate (207, 507) is operated (903) periodically to provide a discharge pulse (312, 612) in synchronization with the reflected wave to discharge the wave traveling in the medium (105), performing the discharge through a discharge interval (310, 610).