MD1213Y - Process for growing cucumbers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to vegetable growing, namely to a process for growing cucumbers.The process, according to the invention, provides for the extra-root treatment of plants during vegetative growth with 0.005% aqueous solution of culture liquid obtained upon deep cultivation of Penicillium funiculosum CNMN FD 11 strain and subsequent separation of the biomass by filtration, at the same time the treatment is carried out in 2 stages: in the phase of 3- 4 leaves and after 14 days with a consumption of 150 ml/plant for each treatment.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to vegetable growing, namely to a process for cultivating cucumbers.

Currently, various cucumber cultivation processes are known using phytoprotective and phytostimulating biopreparations based on microorganisms (bacteria, algae, actinomycetes, fungi).

The process of treating cucumber seeds with zircon and aqueous suspension of metabolites of the fungal strain Trichoderma harzianum Rol-K-2 is known. The process consists of treating cucumber seeds before sowing with zircon solution, then introducing the metabolite suspension in an amount of 200 ml/plant (concentration of 0.5%) during sowing and extra-radicularly during growth, in 2 doses: 1 at the 4…5 leaf stage, 2nd after 14 days. Integrated application of the mentioned solutions protects plants from phytopathogens and increases the productivity of cucumbers by 18% [1].

The disadvantage of this process lies in the high costs required for the zircon preparation, as well as the large quantity of biopreparation required for treating plants.

Closer to the proposed procedure is the cucumber cultivation procedure which involves soaking the seeds in a preparation solution containing the Pseodomonas aureofaciens BS 1393 strain with a titer of 2-3 x 10-9…-10 UFC, at a dose of 0.1 L/kg of seeds and spraying the plants in the development phase of the lateral shoots and at the appearance of the first fruits, with a 0.01…0.03% solution at a dose of 10L/ha (Psevdobacterin - 2, Ж preparation) [2].

The disadvantage of this process is the low effect of the biopreparation on phytopathogens, as well as on cucumber productivity.

The technical problem solved by the present invention consists in developing a cucumber cultivation process that ensures plant protection against phytopathogens and stimulates cucumber productivity.

The invention solves the problem by proposing a cucumber cultivation process, which provides for extra-radicular treatment of plants during vegetative growth with an aqueous solution of 0.005% of cultural liquid obtained from submerged cultivation of the Penicillium funiculosum strain CNMN FD 11 on a medium containing, in %: glucose 4.0, KNO3 0.74, NaH2PO4 0.25, K2PO4 0.25, MgSO4 x 7H2O 0.005, FeSO4 x 7H2O 0.005, yeast extract 1.8, at a temperature of 28…30°C, for 6 days with continuous stirring and subsequent separation of the biomass by filtration, at the same time the treatment is carried out in 2 stages: at the 3-4 leaf stage and after 14 days with a consumption of 150 ml/plant for each treatment.

The technical result of the invention consists in increasing the cucumber harvest by 20...25% compared to the previous solution as well as increased effectiveness against phytopathogens.

The data presented represent the average of 10 samples.

Example of embodiment of the invention:

The Penicillium funiculosum strain CNMN FD 11 is cultivated in 0.75L Erlenmayer flasks, into which 200 ml of medium with the following composition (%) are introduced: glucose 4.0; KNO3 - 0.74; NaH2PO4 - 0.25; K2HPO4 - 0.25; MgSO4x7H2O - 0.005; FeSO4x7H2O - 0.005; yeast extract 1.8; distilled water up to 1 liter, under conditions of continuous stirring (180 r.p.m.) at a temperature of 28…30°C for 6 days. The culture liquid is separated from the biomass by filtration.

Cucumber seeds (Rodnicioc variety) were used as seed material.

In order to verify the stimulating effect of metabolites on cucumber seeds and plants, vegetative experiments were set up in laboratory and greenhouse conditions.

To determine the action of metabolites on seed germination, laboratory experiments were set up. The experiment was carried out under room conditions at a temperature of 20…24°C, in special boxes with sterile soil, humidity of 60…80% and daylight. The seeds were previously soaked in an aqueous solution of culture liquid with a concentration of 0.005%, the volume of which constitutes 1/3 of the seed weight, within 24 hours. After the expiration of the time, the seeds were sown in boxes prepared with sterile soil. The germination energy was determined on the third day of cultivation and the seed germination on the 7th day.

Table 1.

The action of biopreparations on the germination of cucumber seeds under laboratory conditions

Indices Proximal solution, (%) Invention, (%) Germination energy 96.3 100 Seed germination 98.5 98.5

According to the results presented in Table 1, seed germination in both cases is at the same level, and the germination energy when using the aqueous solution of metabolites of the fungal strain Penicillium funiculosum CNMN FD 11 is 100%. This demonstrates that the metabolite solution used contributes to accelerating seed germination and uniform and earlier plant growth.

The second experiment was carried out in greenhouse conditions. The seeds were introduced into the soil, being soaked in water, without prior treatment with the solution according to the invention. The treatment with metabolites was carried out extra-radicularly during vegetative growth, in 2 stages: 1 - at the 3-4 leaf stage and the second after 14 days (consumption rate 150 ml/plant, each treatment 30 l/ha).

Table 2.

The effectiveness of biopreparations on cucumber plants

Variant Efficacy against phytopathogens after 2 weeks from the last treatment, % Yield, kg/m2 Pseudobacterin - 2, Ж. 65.38 5.8 Penicillium funiculosum CNMN FD 11 75.4 7.0-7.3

The efficacy of biopreparations on phytopathogens from the genera Fusarium sp. and Rhizochtonia sp. was evaluated 2 weeks after the second treatment.

The results presented in Table 2 demonstrate that the exometabolites of the Penicillium funiculosum strain CNMN FD 11 possess more pronounced antifungal properties than the known preparation from the proximal solution. Thus, the effectiveness of the exometabolites of Penicillium funiculosum CNMN FD 11 against the tested phytopathogens exceeds the known preparation by 10%. Also, the application of the proposed process increases the productivity of cucumbers by 20....25%.

The stimulation of physiological and biochemical processes in the plant, as a result of applying the proposed procedure, is due to the extensive composition of physiologically active substances of the biopreparation (phytohormones, vitamins, enzymes, etc.).

1. Korsak I.V., Senatorova N.N. Testing of biopreparations against cucumber root rot in protected soil. Известия ТСХА, выпуск 3, 2010, р. 115-122

2. Кузина Е.В., Давлетшин Т. K., Silishchev N.N., Loginov O.N. Biological protection of cucumber and tomato greenhouse soil from root rot. Vestnik ОГУ, 2011, № 12 (131), р. 198-201

Claims (1)

Cucumber cultivation process, which provides for extra-radicular treatment of plants during vegetative growth with an aqueous solution of 0.005% of cultural liquid obtained from submerged cultivation of the Penicillium funiculosum strain CNMN FD 11 on a medium containing, in %: glucose 4.0, KNO3 0.74, NaH2PO4 0.25, K2PO4 0.25, MgSO4 x 7H2O 0.005, FeSO4 x 7H2O 0.005, yeast extract 1.8, at a temperature of 28…30°C, for 6 days with continuous stirring and subsequent separation of the biomass by filtration, at the same time the treatment is carried out in 2 stages: at the 3-4 leaf stage and after 14 days with a consumption of 150 ml/plant for each treatment.