Etherlink/Kernel: Introduce ChainConfig Trait

What

Stacked on !17312 (merged).

This MR introduces a few traits with two instantiations, one for Etherlink and one for Tezlink.

Why

• Get a clear interface to be implemented by any new chain to be added to the kernel of the canonical rollup.
• Bring static guarantees that we are not accidentally switching from Ethereum-compatibility to Tezos-compatibility or vice-versa in the middle of a kernel run.

How

Manually testing the MR

Checklist

• Document the interface of any function added or modified (see the coding guidelines)
• Document any change to the user interface, including configuration parameters (see node configuration)
• Provide automatic testing (see the testing guide).
• For new features and bug fixes, add an item in the appropriate changelog (docs/protocols/alpha.rst for the protocol and the environment, CHANGES.rst at the root of the repository for everything else).
• Select suitable reviewers using the Reviewers field below.
• Select as Assignee the next person who should take action on that MR

Summary by CodeRabbit

• New Features

  • Enhanced block processing with flexible, modular blockchain configurations.
  • Introduced generic blueprint handling for robust transaction processing.

• Refactor

  • Streamlined configuration management and dispatching for improved user experience.
  • Simplified transaction handling by focusing exclusively on Ethereum transactions.

• Tests

  • Updated tests to verify the behavior of the new blueprint and configuration enhancements.