[Architecture Blueprint] CI components catalog

What does this MR do and why?

Related to #367677 (closed)

First iteration of Architecture evolution blueprint related to the upcoming feature of CI components catalog. This MR focues on defining the problem space, the challenges and the principles to be followed when implementing a CI Components catalog.

In a separate MR we will define a proposal.

MR acceptance checklist

This checklist encourages us to confirm any changes have been analyzed to reduce risks in quality, performance, reliability, security, and maintainability.

• I have evaluated the MR acceptance checklist for this MR.