Volume 32

Goel et al. observe persistent microcompartments in mitotic chromatin, suggesting previously unseen interactions between enhancers and promoters that are facilitated by chromosome compaction.

See Goel et al.

Single-molecule microscopy shows that GAGA transcription factors search chromatin for nucleosomal targets through rapid one-dimensional sliding on free DNA, which can be blocked by nucleosomes, and three-dimensional diffusion.

See Feng et al.

Miao et al. show that loss of neuronal Vps13d in mice leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, GSDME-mediated mitochondrial DNA release, cGAS–STING inflammatory signaling, and activation of microglia, which culminate in neuronal loss.

See Miao et al.

In this Focus issue, we highlight primary research and commissioned content about ubiquitylation and protein degradation mechanisms. Our cover features a school of fish evoking the barrel-shaped proteasome.

See Editorial

Ishikawa et al. determine the cryo-electron microscopy structures of the PspCas13b–guide RNA complex alone and in complex with target RNA, as well as that of the dPspCas13b–ADAR2–guide RNA–target RNA (REPAIR) complex, providing mechanistic insights into RNA cleavage and editing.

See Ishikawa et al.

Qi et al. provide cryo-electron microscopy structures of tau filaments from the brains of individuals with MAPT mutations V337M and R406W, known to give rise to frontotemporal dementia, and show that the tau filaments adopt the Alzheimer fold.

See Qi et al.

Two studies report cryo-electron microscopy structures of naturally occurring circularly permuted group II introns, revealing mechanisms of branching, self-splicing and circular RNA formation.

See Articles Wang et al. and Ling et al.

Using cryo-electron microscopy, cryo-electron tomography and computational modeling, Gong, Reynolds et al. uncover the principles of how the structural plasticity of fascin allows it to build and regulate actin filament bundles.

See Gong, Reynolds et al.

Abid Ali et al. show that binding of kinesin KIF1C releases the autoinhibitory conformation of the FTS–HOOK3–FHIP1B (FHF) complex, allowing dynein to bind the adapter and FHF to act as a dynein-processivity factor, which explains how FHF mutually activates both kinesin and dynein.

See Article Abid Ali et al.

Three papers in this issue use biophysical and structural approaches to describe oligomers of ESCRT-III family member Vipp1 on membranes. Authors describe a variety of structures — from spirals, flat carpets and polygons to rods, baskets of stacked rings and helices — together providing insights into membrane remodeling and repair within chloroplast thylakoids.

See Pan et al. , Junglas et al. and Naskar, Merino et al.

Xue et al. use in situ cryo-electron tomography to visualize chloramphenicol action on the ribosome in the crowded environment of the bacterial cell, showing it inhibits protein synthesis and increases ribosomal collisions and cellular stress.

See Xue et al.

Mencia, Arce et al. show that, in Arabidopsis, an inverted-repeat transposon next to the gene that encodes the pathogen receptor EFR forms a rollercoaster-like loop to control chromatin organization, Mencia, Arce et al. show that, in Arabidopsis, an inverted-repeat transposon next to the gene that encodes the pathogen receptor EFR forms a rollercoaster-like loop to control chromatin organization, EFR expression and the plant immune response.EFR expression and the plant immune response.

See Mencia, Arce et al.