A Mulher Inseto ou Tratado Entomológico do Japão

The film won the Best Actress Silver Bear award at the Berlin Film Festival. The film is most notable for chronological episodes, carefully edited in the script, to minimize unnecessary footage. While the film is centered around the life of Tome, her parents' life take up the early part (pre-World War II Japan) of the film which is lovingly made by Imamura. The tale might be of the life of Tome but the tale encapsulates the world of Japan pre-WWII where peasants were bonded laborers of the rich, WWII, post-WWII and the behavior of Americans in Japan towards women, American's war in Korea which the common Japanese can't comprehend, the relationship of one Japanese woman (not Tome) with an American man and later with a Korean man, jail life for a woman in Japan, farm cooperatives in latter day Japan that improves the rice served in trains, etc. The link between the episodes is with a song sung by Tome/her mother. The opening visuals of the insect is very well-integrated with the human tale that follows.

The development of the Tome's father--a simpleton with a good heart--may be short but well presented.

The film is also important as it is made by a man presenting the life of women with empathy, just as John Ford did with his swansong "7 Women."

I had the honor of interviewing the director Imamura in 1984 in Mumbai for the All India Radio.

Unpleasant, and far too long. It was difficult for me to connect to the characters, and Imamura's style seemed more intent on playing up the sordid bits than exploring their emotions in an honest way. With cool detachment and amidst tedium he serves up incest, adultery, prostitution, children being born out of wedlock, and a daughter breastfeeding her father not once, but twice. It's a rags to riches to rags kind of tale for the main character (Sachiko Hidari) told over many decades, and it has a broader, cyclical sense about it which could have been compelling, but it's remarkably cold. Even the title seems to refer the lack of humanity in those in the bottom rungs of society, as they climb all over each other at the first opportunity, which is demeaning and rather offensive. Yes, there is an aspect of survival here, but the characters are essentially viewed as bugs. The freeze-frame transitions with quirky music did nothing for me either. A real chore to finish.

The title, (which strikes me as a play on Japanese sci fi movies of the 50s), has two meanings. One is, of course, a reference to the exploitation and subordination of women in Japanese society while the other refers to the loathsome aspect of the main character as she spreads her feelers ever further into organized crime. And it is this second meaning which, in my opinion, gives this somber, brutal, perhaps too long film its greatness. For director Shohei Imamura will not take the easy way out by condemning society while letting its chief victim/victimizer off the hook. The result is a work that arouses both our pity and anger as we watch Tome, the poor girl from the provinces, rise and fall in the vice laden Tokyo underworld. Sachiko Hidari's performance as this damaged character is amazingly good. We see her subtle hardening of heart (and face) as she ages but not in a monstrous, exaggerated manner. Acts of kindness alternate with acts of neglect or cruelty. Her inattentiveness leads to the horrible scalding death of an infant but she clearly feels contrition for it and tries to help out the infant's mom (albeit by giving her a job as a hooker!) Two minutes after beating a co worker she expresses a desire for her daughter not be like her. And that you believe both sides of Tome is a tribute both to Imamura as a director and Hidari as an actor. If Japanese films other than Kurosawa's been taken seriously by the Academy in the early 60s she might have garnered an Oscar nomination. She certainly deserved one. Also quite good is Jitsuko Yoshimura as Tome's daughter. Will she turn out better, the same or worse than her mom? Imamura provides an ending with a somewhat hopeful answer to that question that helps to partially relieve the (as a previous reviewer wrote with remarkable understatement) unpleasantness of the preceding two hours. PS...Freeze frames and needless narration were a bit distracting and "arty", in my opinion Reason I give it an A minus 'stead of an A.

Insect Woman seems to be Imamura's Trojan horse in the world scene. Not the stunning debut of a young up and coming director that catches everyone unawares, Imamura had quite a few films under his belt by that point. Not even the film that cemented his reputation because if critical recognition and prestigious awards predate rather than follow public awareness then Imamura is only in the past 10 years beginning to earn his due.

But with Insect Woman he emerged not only as a preeminent auteur and bright hope of what is known as the Nuberu Bagu movement, who would be twice decored with the coveted Palm D'Or in time, this perhaps a status that is often subliminally associated with notions of a haughty intelligenzia hermetically removed from the populus whose struggles and follies it purports to address, but also an artist equal parts humane and cynic who picks his characters from the lowest strata of society and examines their lower instincts with care and affection. Moral judgement is absent from the film. The life and misadventures of a poor farmer's illegitimate daughter who travels to Tokyo and becomes first a prostitute then the owner of a call-girl service is observed in a matter of fact way. He never allows the movie to careen in melodramatic shallows and moralistic histrionics. If Imamura has a case to make and premise to prove, it's of a political nature.

Spanning almost half a century of Japanese history, the story of Insect Woman parallels the rise and fall of Japan in the years leading to and after WWII. The rise from humble beginnings to power and the subsequent fall with the bitter feeling of having been betrayed by everyone. Like other Imamura movies, Insect Woman can be tedious at parts, not because nothing happens. Superficially there is a succession of episodes. But really because little to nothing meaningful happens. Sprawling in nature and rarely stopping to examine motives and psychology, Insect Woman even at its most intimate moments places a certain distance between viewer and film and in doing so allows for an often comedic tinge to seep in. As such, it doesn't have some deep insight into human nature to depart but it's mostly pleasing to watch and Imamura's filmic language feels amazingly fresh and vibrant even to this day. The man was 20 years ahead of his time and his films have aged in all the right ways.

Viewed on DVD. No, this is not a horror movie; just a horrible movie! Director Shôhei Imamura again documents his obsession with the sex lives of those at the bottom of Japan's social-economic food chain. In doing so, he promotes several old/new stereotypes: sex workers as role models for survival (a riff on prostitutes with hearts of gold?); the poor and ignorant being no better than insects; migrants from rural to urban environments cause big-city degeneracy because they bring it with them; etc. Pushing the boundaries of contemporary censorship (that would all but evaporate in a few years), Imamura tries his hand (and hopes to broaden his film's paying audience?) at soft porn with: simulated sex (partially hidden with poorly lit scenes); strongly-implied sex between daughter and father; adult breast feeding; etc. The film is also loopy: each succeeding generation repeats the same life process; many instances of a Capella singing with nonsense lyrics on the sound track; the opening scenes of an insert struggling to climb an incline and the closing scenes of the heroine struggling to climb a hill; etc. The net result is that the movie goes in a circle and, hence, nowhere (and also seems to stop abruptly). Acting is uneven due to an inferior script (or an over abundance of on-set improvisation?). Line readings range from grunts to micro "proverbs." Cinematography (wide screen, black and white) is hard to judge, since interior scenes are often poorly lit or not lit at all. Editing includes random bouts of freeze framing (often accompanied by comments that may be expository or just nonsense). Film music is somewhat spastic. Translations of line readings are usually close enough. Japanese film making at its worse (or darn close to it!). WILLIAM FLANIGAN, PhD.