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Andersen experienced an unhappy childhood marked by deep poverty. When he was 14 years old, he left his parents' home and fled alone to Copenhagen. Here the director of the Royal Theater, Jonas Collin, took care of the child and gave him shelter and work. With his help, the young Hans Christian Andersen was also able to attend school. Inspired by his theater work, he began to write his first plays, which he later wanted to expand into stage plays. The first stories, stories and poems were created at this time. In 1822, Andersen's first plots were published with great success. He became a recognized writer in 1829 with his fantastic stories, which were entirely based on the example of the German writer Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann.

Andersen's debut novel, "The Improviser", was written in 1835 and received extremely positive reviews from critics. The Danish philosopher and writer Sören Kierkegaard was critical of him in his 1837 work "Only a Violinist". From 1839 Andersen was provided with a state poet's salary. As a result, financially secure, he traveled to Europe, Asia and Africa. However, he spent most of his time in Germany. He recorded his adventures and experiences in dramas, novels and travel books. Anderson became a literary figure with worldwide recognition through his precise portrayal of individual characters, which the writer wrote in everyday language that was atypical at the time. The secret fears and longings of the characters were portrayed, and their exemplary behavior also represented an educational goal.

During his literary work, Andersen wrote some of the most popular children's stories of modern times. Andersen's collected fairy tales and poems were published between 1835 and 1848 under the Danish title "Eventyr, fortalte for børn". His most successful stories include "The Ugly Duckling", "The Emperor's New Clothes", "The Snow Queen" and "The Princess and the Pea". Andersen's extensive legacy includes over 150 fairy tales, including "The Little Mermaid", which gave rise to the sculpture of the same name in memory of him in the harbor of Copenhagen. Andersen's stories have been translated into over 80 languages and served as plays, ballets, picture books and later as successful films.

Hans Christian Andersen died on August 4, 1875 in Copenhagen.

Joseph Smith Jr. (December 23, 1805 - June 27, 1844) was an American religious leader and founder of Mormonism and the Latter Day Saint movement. When he was 24, Smith published the Book of Mormon. By the time of his death, 14 years later, he had attracted tens of thousands of followers and founded a religion that continues to the present with millions of global adherents.

Adalbert Stifter was born on 23 October 1805 in Oberplan, Krumau, Bohemia, Austrian Empire [now Horní Planá, Cesky Krumlov, Czech Republic]. He was a writer, known for Bergkristall (1949), La valle di pietra (1992) and Die Flucht (1978). He was married to Amalia Mohaupt. He died on 28 January 1868 in Linz, Upper Austria, Austria-Hungary [now Austria].

August Bournonville was born on 21 August 1805 in Copenhagen, Denmark. He is known for Un danseur: Rudolph Nureyev (1972), Great Performances: Dance in America (1976) and Grands pas classiques (1978). He was married to Helena Frederika Håkansson. He died on 30 November 1879 in Copenhagen, Denmark.

British novelist William Harrison Ainsworth's career lasted so long (60 years) and his output was so prolific that some critics have termed him "the king of historical potboilers". His most lasting of the many books he wrote is probably the series about the infamous highwayman Dick Turpin, which was so popular that there was a successful series of films featuring him in the 1920s.

Harrison was born in Manchester, England, in 1805. He picked up his taste for history and writing as a youngster. His father was a criminal-defense attorney, and as a child William would sit fascinated as his father told tales of the daring highwaymen and bandits he defended. His father also moved in Manchester's social circles, and young William met such literary figures as Charles Dickens and Edward George Bulwer-Lytton at the family estate. The youngster began writing melodramas and plays while still in grammar school, and even set up his own theater in the basement of his parents' home where he would stage these productions, making all the costumes, props and scenery himself. He also began submitting poems and short stories to local literary magazines, and began getting published in such publications as "The New Monthly Magazine", "London Magazine" and "Edinburgh Magazine".

In the early 1820s he struck up a friendship with noted historian Charles Lamb. In 1824 his father died and Ainsworth, now an attorney, took over his father's law firm in London, and stayed there for two years. He and a friend, John Partington, co-wrote a romance novel, "Sir John Chiverton", which became quite popular and attracted the attention of writer Sir Walter Scott, who wrote Ainsworth to request a meeting. Ainsworth married Fanny Ebers, the daughter of a prominent book publisher, in 1826. He began helping his father-in-law to run his business, but soon tired of that life and set up his own law practice. However, he still kept his hand in the writing game, and in 1834 his novel "Rookwood" became a national best-seller. cementing his reputation as an author and giving him the financial security to devote himself full-time to writing.

His novel "Jack Sheppard" (1839) was also a success, both critically and financially. In addition to writing, Ainsworth was also editor of "Bentley's Miscellany" magazine from 1840-41. In 1846 he attended a dinner given at the home of Charles Dickens--with whom he had now become close friends--and Dickens gave him a personally signed copy of his new novel, "The Haunted Man". In 1842 Ainsworth began his own literary magazine, "Ainsworth's Magazine", while still working as editor of both "Bentley's Magazine" and "The New Monthly Magazine". Unfortunately, he was forced to terminate his own magazine in 1854 for financial reasons but bought "Bentley's Mischellany" (and was forced to sell that in 1868). He was still writing novels and they were selling, but not in the numbers that his earlier ones had, and he soon moved from the glitz and glamour of London to the more staid (and less expensive) seaside community of Brighton. His financial situation didn't improve much, though, and he eventually moved from Brighton to lower-rent Tunbridge Wells in 1867. He soon had to sell his magazines, and even some of his family property, to stave off financial ruin. He was eventually forced to work for what was called a "penny dreadful" magazine, "Bow Bells" (penny-dreadfuls were adaptations and severely edited versions of major British works, which were then sold--without even covers--for a penny apiece), to make a living.

He died at Reigate, Surrey, England, on Jan. 3, 1882.

Constantino Brumidi (July 26, 1805 - February 19, 1880) was a Greek-Italian-American historical painter, best known and honored for his fresco work, Apotheosis of Washington, in the Capitol Building in Washington, DC. Brumidi was born in Rome, his father a Greek from Filiatra in the province of Messinia, Greece, and his mother an Italian. He showed his talent for fresco painting at an early age and painted in several Roman palaces, among them being that of Prince Torlonia. Under Gregory XVI he worked for three years in the Vatican.

George Müller was born on 27 September 1805 in Kroppenstedt, Kingdom of Prussia, Holy Roman Empire [now Saxony-Anhalt, Germany]. He was married to Susannah Sanger and Mary Groves. He died on 10 May 1898 in Bristol, England, UK.

Fanny Mendelssohn was born on 14 November 1805 in Hamburg, Germany. Fanny was a composer, known for Insomnies (2000) and Symfonia haraktiron (1999). Fanny died on 14 May 1847 in Berlin, Germany.

Esteban Echeverría was born on 2 September 1805 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He was a writer and producer, known for Cuentos de película (2001), Argentina Animada (2018) and Bruno (2006). He died on 19 January 1851 in Montevideo, Uruguay.

Henri Auguste Barbier was born on 28 April 1805 in Paris, France. He was a writer, known for Benvenuto Cellini (2007). He died on 14 February 1882 in Nice, France.

Luigi Ricci was born on 8 June 1805 in Naples, Italy. He is known for Ricci: Crispino e la Comare (2016). He died on 31 December 1859 in Prague.

Sarah F. Adams was born on 22 February 1805 in Harlow, Essex, England, UK. Sarah F. was married to William Bridges Adams. Sarah F. died on 14 August 1848 in St. Martin in the Fields, Middlesex, England, UK.

Jacob Niclas Ahlström was born on 5 June 1805 in Visby, Gotland, Sweden. He is known for Den blomstertid... (1940). He died on 14 May 1857 in Stockholm, Sweden.

Frederick H. Hedge was born on 12 December 1805 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. He was married to Lucy L. Pierce. He died on 20 August 1890 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

August Wilkonski was born on 28 August 1805 in Kakolewo, Poznan Department, Duchy of Warsaw, French Empire [now Kakolewo, Wielkopolskie, Poland].