[go: up one dir, main page]
Advertisement

Origin and history of swank

swank(adj.)

"stylish, classy, posh," 1913, from earlier noun or verb (see below); "A midland and s.w. dial. word taken into general slang use at the beginning of the 20th cent." [OED].

Swank (n.) "ostentatious behavior" is noted in 1854 as a Northampton word ("what a swank he cuts!"); swank (v.) is attested from 1809 as "to strut, behave ostentatiously."

Perhaps the group is ultimately from a Germanic root meaning "to swing, turn, toss" (source also of Middle High German swanken "to sway, totter, turn, swing," Old High German swingan "to swing;" see swing (v.)). If so, OED suggests (2nd ed. print, 1989), it is perhaps from the notion of "swinging" the body ostentatiously (compare swagger). Related: Swankpot "ostentatious or boastful person" (1914).

A separate swank word-thread in English is from Old English swancor "pliant, bending," also held to be from the swing root (compare German schwank "pliant," Old Norse svangr "thin, slender, slim"). From this comes a number of words now dialectal or obscure, such as swanky (n.) "active or clever young fellow" (c. 1500), also "small beer, weak fermented drink" (1841); swanking "supple, active."

also from 1913

Entries linking to swank

swagger(v.)

1580s, "to strut in a defiant or insolent manner," probably a frequentative form of swag (v.) "to sway." The earliest recorded uses are in Shakespeare ("Midsummer Night's Dream," "2 Henry IV," "King Lear"). The meaning "to boast or brag" is from 1590s. Related: Swaggered; swaggering. The noun is attested from 1725, "insolent strut; piece of bluster; boastful manner."

swing(v.)

Middle English swingen "cause to move, throw, cast, fling; move, dash, rush;" also "deliver a blow, smite with a weapon," from Old English swingan "to beat, strike; scourge, flog; to rush, fling oneself" (strong verb, past tense swang, past participle swungen). This is from Proto-Germanic *swangwi- (source also of Middle Dutch swingen, Old Saxon, Old High German swingan "to swing," Old Frisian swinga "pour," German schwingen "to swing, swingle, oscillate"), which is of uncertain origin and might be in Germanic only. Swirl, switch, swivel, swoop are sometimes considered to be from the same source. Boutkan finds Pokorny's IE reconstruction implausible for formal and semantic reasons.

The meaning "move freely back and forth," as a body suspended from a fixed point, is recorded by 1540s; that of "move with a swinging step" is by 1854. The transitive sense "cause to sway or oscillate" is from 1550s. From 1660s as "ride on a swing;" colloquially, "be hanged," 1520s.

The sense of "bring about, make happen" is by 1934. Related: Swung; swinging.

swanky(adj.)

"imposing, stylish," 1842, from swank in the old "strut" sense (see swank (adj.)) + -y (2). Related: swankiness.

    Advertisement

    More to explore

    flaunt
    1560s, "to display oneself in flashy clothes," of unknown origin. Perhaps a variant of flout or vaunt. Perhaps from Scandinavian, where the nearest form seems to be Swedish dialectal flankt "loosely, flutteringly," from flakka "to waver" (related to flag (v.1)). It looks French,
    flash
    Middle English flashen, flasken (c. 1200), "sprinkle or splash (water, powder, etc.); to gush forth;" probably at least partly imitative (compare splash, dash), or in part from PIE *bhleu- "to swell, well up," extended form of root *bhel- (2) "to blow, swell." From c. 1400, of bi
    chic
    1856, "style in fine art, artistic skill, faculty of producing excellence rapidly and easily," from French chic "stylishness" (19c.), originally "subtlety" (16c.), which is of unknown origin. Perhaps [Klein] it is related to German Schick, Geschick "tact, skill, aptness," from Mi
    exhibit
    "offer or present to view," mid-15c., from Latin exhibitus, past participle of exhibere "to hold out, display, show, present, deliver," from ex "out" (see ex-) + habere "to hold" (from PIE root *ghabh- "to give or receive"). Related: Exhibited; exhibiting....1620s, "document or o
    display
    c. 1300, "unfold, spread out, unfurl" (a banner, etc.), from Old French desploiir (Modern French déployer) "unfold, unfasten, spread out" (of knots, sealed letters, etc.), from Latin displicare "to scatter," in Medieval Latin "to unfold," from dis- "un-, apart" (see dis-) + plica
    expose
    early 15c., "to leave without shelter or defense," from Old French esposer, exposer "lay open, set forth, speak one's mind, explain" (13c.), from Latin exponere "set forth, lay open, exhibit, reveal, publish," from ex "from, forth" (see ex-) + ponere "to put, place" (see position
    show
    Middle English sheuen, from Old English sceawian "to look at, see, gaze, behold, observe; inspect, examine; look for, choose," from Proto-Germanic *skauwojanan (source also of Old Saxon skauwon "to look at," Old Frisian skawia, Dutch schouwen, Old High German scouwon "to look at"
    off
    by c. 1200 as an emphatic form of Old English of (see of), employed in the adverbial use of that word. The prepositional meaning "away from" and the adjectival sense of "farther" were not firmly fixed in this variant until 17c., but once they were they left the original of with t
    last
    c. 1200, "latest, final, following all others," a contraction of Old English latost (adj.) "slowest, latest," superlative of læt (see late); in some uses from late (adv.). Cognate with Old Frisian lest, Dutch laatst, Old High German laggost, German letzt. Meaning "last in space,
    word
    Old English word "speech, talk, utterance, sentence, statement, news, report, word," from Proto-Germanic *wurda- (source also of Old Saxon, Old Frisian word, Dutch woord, Old High German, German wort, Old Norse orð, Gothic waurd), from PIE *were- (3) "speak, say" (see verb). The

    Share swank

    Advertisement
    Trending
    Dictionary entries near swank
    Advertisement