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Origin and history of thorp

thorp(n.)

an archaic word preserved in place names ending in -thorp, -thrup; Old English ðorp "village, hamlet, farm, estate, group of houses together in the country," reinforced by Old Norse ðorp "estate, farm," both from Proto-Germanic *thurpa- (source also of Old Frisian thorp, Frisian terp, Middle Dutch doorp, Dutch dorp, Old High German thorf, dorf, German Dorf, Middle Low German dorp, dörp "village;" Gothic þaurp "estate, land, field").

This is reconstructed to be probably (Watkins) from PIE root *treb- "dwelling" (see tavern). Boutkan on phonetic grounds eliminates most of the proposed cognates beyond Germanic and suspects a substrate word.

Entries linking to thorp

tavern(n.)

c. 1300, "establishment that sells and serves drinks and food," from Old French taverne (mid-13c.) "shed made of boards, booth, stall," also "tavern, inn," from Latin taberna "shop, inn, tavern," originally "hut, shed, rude dwelling."

For -b- to -v- shift, compare Old French governer "to steer" from Latin gubernare. Taverner "tavern-keeper" as a surname is from late 12c.; Taberner is attested from late 13c. as a surname, perhaps from Latin tabernarius. 

Þe tauerne is þe deueles scole hous, for pere studieþ his disciples, and þere lerneþ his scolers, and þere is his owne chapel, þere men and wommen redeþ and syngeþ and serueþ hym. [The Book of Vices and Virtues, c.1400]
troop(n.)

1540s, "body of soldiers;" 1580s, "assemblage of people, multitude," from French troupe, from Old French trope, trupe "band of people, company, troop, crowd" (13c.), a word of uncertain origin.

Perhaps it is from Frankish *throp "assembly, gathering of people" or another Germanic source, perhaps related to Old English ðorp, Old Norse thorp "village" (see thorp). OED (1989) derives the French word from Latin troppus "flock," which is of unknown origin but also might be from the proposed Germanic source.

Of groups of animals from 1580s. Specifically as "subdivision of a cavalry force," corresponding to a company of infantry, from 1580s; of Boy Scouts from 1908. Troops "armed forces, soldiers in general" is from 1590s. Troop-ship is attested from 1862. Middle English had diminutive tropel "small troop or company of fighting men" (c. 1400).

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