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About: Joseph Needham

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British biochemist, historian and sinologist (1900–1995)

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  • 1900-12-09 (xsd:date)
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  • Noel Joseph Terence Montgomery Needham (en)
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dbo:birthYear
  • 1900-01-01 (xsd:gYear)
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dbo:deathYear
  • 1995-01-01 (xsd:gYear)
dbo:description
  • סופר בריטי (iw)
  • ލިޔުންތެރިއެއް (dv)
  • مؤرخ من المملكه المتحده (arz)
  • britský biochemik (cs)
  • brittiläinen tieteilijä (fi)
  • storico della scienza, biochimico e orientalista inglese (it)
  • Britanyalı biyokimyager, tarihçi ve sinolog (tr)
  • Brits historicus (1900-1995) (nl)
  • angla biokemiisto (eo)
  • biochimiste, historien des sciences, sinologue (fr)
  • bioquimico ingles (es)
  • brit tudós, történész és sinológus (hu)
  • britischer Sinologe und Biochemiker (de)
  • brittisk biokemist, historiker och sinolog (sv)
  • British biochemist, historian and sinologist (1900–1995) (en)
  • 生化学者、歴史家、中国学者（イギリス、1900–1995） (ja)
  • biocemegydd, hanesydd a sinolegydd Prydeinig (1900-1995) (cy)
  • 英国生物化学家、汉学家 (zh)
  • biokimiawan, sejarawan, dan pakar kebudayaan Tiongkok asal Britania (1900-1995) (in)
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dbp:author
  • Joseph Needham (en)
  • Joseph Needham (en)
dbp:awards
dbp:birthDate
  • 1900-12-09 (xsd:date)
dbp:birthName
  • Noel Joseph Terence Montgomery Needham (en)
dbp:birthPlace
  • London, England (en)
dbp:deathDate
  • 0001-03-24 (xsd:gMonthDay)
dbp:deathPlace
  • Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England (en)
dbp:education
  • Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge (en)
dbp:knownFor
  • Science and Civilisation in China (en)
dbp:name
  • Joseph Needham (en)
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  • Joseph Needham (en)
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  • t (en)
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  • "One factor which stands out above all others is the rise of the bourgeoisie for the first time in history. We may review the factors which led to it, and we may discuss the results which followed from it, but it is the rise of the bourgeoisie in Western Europe from the 15th century onwards which decided that Europe would not continue trying to emulate its classical past, nor evolve in Chinese fashion, improving its technology and making small advances in various sciences without actually coming to grips with the scientific method, but would strike out in a new direction, developing capitalism, scientific method and the industrial revolution one after the other[1]. (en)
  • "But the great step during the bourgeois revolution was the mathematisation of hypotheses, and this was something which was never achieved in China before the 19th century. It became possible in Europe because scholars and artisans at last found themselves communicating not fitfully but regularly in the course of business and daily work. And this became possible because a new type of education opened for the artisans. For centuries the sons of artisans and merchants had been able to get an education if they were sufficiently lucky or gifted. Cardinal Wolsey, for example, was the son of a butcher. Such educated persons, however, did not make their way into commerce, but were absorbed into the Church or the old classically educated orders. The new education began when for the first time books were printed in the vernacular languages of Europe. The importance of printing for the Renaissance was brought out in '1979 in such books as The Printing Press as an Agent of Social Change, by Elizabeth Eisenstein. Although the Chinese invented moveable­ type printing they could not achieve the same information revolution as the Europeans. They were hamstrung by the complexities of Chinese characters......Thus it was only when the old Chinese invention of moveable-type printing met with the alphabetical languages of the West that an 'information revolution' came about....... Even with only a rudimentary education artisans became more useful to their employers, and educated employers needed the help of artisans who could read and write. The gulf between artisans and scholars had at last been bridged. The fruit of this union was modern science and the industrial revolution..."[1] (en)
dbp:title
  • Master of Gonville and Caius College (en)
  • Science and Civilisation in China vol 7-2 p229 (en)
  • Science and Civilisation in China vol 7-2 pages 230-231 (en)
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  • 1966 (xsd:integer)
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  • Joseph Needham (en)
  • جوزيف نيدام (ar)
  • Joseph Needham (ca)
  • Τζόζεφ Νήνταμ (el)
  • Joseph Needham (cs)
  • Joseph Needham (eo)
  • Joseph Needham (es)
  • Joseph Needham (de)
  • Joseph Needham (ga)
  • Joseph Needham (in)
  • Joseph Needham (it)
  • ジョゼフ・ニーダム (ja)
  • Joseph Needham (fr)
  • 조지프 니덤 (ko)
  • Joseph Needham (pl)
  • Joseph Needham (nl)
  • Joseph Needham (pt)
  • Нидэм, Джозеф (ru)
  • Джозеф Нідем (uk)
  • Joseph Needham (sv)
  • 李约瑟 (zh)
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  • Joseph Needham (en)
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