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/*
* constants.i -
* Useful constants for physical computations with Yorick.
*
* Copyright (c) 2000-2003, Eric THIEBAUT.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
* Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
* option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* General Public License for more details (to receive a copy of the GNU
* General Public License, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675
* Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA).
*
* History:
* $Id: constants.i,v 1.1.1.1 2007/12/11 23:55:12 frigaut Exp $
* $Log: constants.i,v $
* Revision 1.1.1.1 2007/12/11 23:55:12 frigaut
* Initial Import - yorick-yutils
*
* Revision 1.4 2003/11/10 12:21:13 eric
* - fixed typo;
*
* Revision 1.3 2003/11/10 12:18:58 eric
* - change name: AstrophysicalUnit -> AstronomicalUnit;
* - change units: VacuumPermeability;
* - add complete documentation in pseudo-symbol "constants";
* - fixed units for EarthRotationalPeriod;
* - avoid inconsistencies (and errors) by explicitely compute constants
* which depend on others;
*
* Revision 1.2 2001/10/09 07:05:45 eric
* - fixed value of VacuumPermeability
*
* Revision 1.1 2001/03/23 17:02:53 eric
* Initial revision
*/
local constants;
/* DOCUMENT Physical constants defined in "constants.i":
Pi ........................ number pi, semi-perimeter of unit circle
E ......................... number e
Deg2Rad ................... radians per degree
Rad2Deg ................... degrees per radian
ArcSec .................... radians per arcsecond
EulerConstant ............. Euler's constant
ElementaryCharge .......... charge of a protron [C]
GravitationalConstant ..... gravitational constant [m^3/kg/s^2]
FineStructureConstant ..... fine-structure constant
LightSpeed ................ speed of light in vacuum [m/s]
VacuumPermittivity ........ permittivity of vacuum [F/m]
VacuumPermeability ........ permeability of vacuum [N m^2/C^2]
PlanckConstant ............ Planck's constant [J s]
DiracConstant ............. Dirac's constant [J s]
BoltzmannConstant ......... Boltzmann's Constant [J/K]
StefanConstant ............ Stefan-Boltzmann's constant [W/m^2/K^4]
WienConstant .............. Wien's constant [m K]
BohrMagneton .............. Bohr magneton [A m^2]
BohrRadius ................ Bohr radius [m]
RydbergConstant ........... Rydberg's constant [eV]
PerfectGazConstant ........ perfect gaz constant [J/mol]
AvogadroConstant .......... Avogadro's constant [1/mol]
IcePoint .................. absolute temperature of ice [K]
ElectronMass .............. electron mass [kg]
ProtonMass ................ protron mass [kg]
NeutronMass ............... neutron mass [kg]
ElementaryMassUnit ........ elementary mass unit [kg]
LightYear ................. light year [m]
ParSec .................... astronomical unit per arcsecond [m]
AstronomicalUnit .......... semi-major axis of Earth orbit [m]
SunLuminosity ............. luminosity of the Sun [W]
SunMass ................... mass of the Sun [kg]
SunRadius ................. radius of the Sun [m]
SunTemperature ............ effective temperature of the Sun [K]
SunRotationalPeriod ....... rotational period of the Sun [days]
EarthMass ................. mass of the Earth [kg]
EarthRadius ............... radius of the Earth [m]
EarthRotationalPeriod ..... rotational period of the Earth [hours]
EarthOrbitalPeriod ........ orbital period of the Earth [days]
*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if 0
// The following lines were automatically generated by the script:
grep '\.\.' constants.i | sed 's,^ *\([^ ]*\)[ .]*\(.*\),local \1;\n/* DOCUMENT \1 - \2\n SEE ALSO constants. */,';
#endif
local Pi;
/* DOCUMENT Pi - number pi, semi-perimeter of unit circle
SEE ALSO constants. */
local E;
/* DOCUMENT E - number e
SEE ALSO constants. */
local Deg2Rad;
/* DOCUMENT Deg2Rad - radians per degree
SEE ALSO constants. */
local Rad2Deg;
/* DOCUMENT Rad2Deg - degrees per radian
SEE ALSO constants. */
local ArcSec;
/* DOCUMENT ArcSec - radians per arcsecond
SEE ALSO constants. */
local EulerConstant;
/* DOCUMENT EulerConstant - Euler's constant
SEE ALSO constants. */
local ElementaryCharge;
/* DOCUMENT ElementaryCharge - charge of a protron [C]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local GravitationalConstant;
/* DOCUMENT GravitationalConstant - gravitational constant [m^3/kg/s^2]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local FineStructureConstant;
/* DOCUMENT FineStructureConstant - fine-structure constant
SEE ALSO constants. */
local LightSpeed;
/* DOCUMENT LightSpeed - speed of light in vacuum [m/s]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local VacuumPermittivity;
/* DOCUMENT VacuumPermittivity - permittivity of vacuum [F/m]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local VacuumPermeability;
/* DOCUMENT VacuumPermeability - permeability of vacuum [N m^2/C^2]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local PlanckConstant;
/* DOCUMENT PlanckConstant - Planck's constant [J s]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local DiracConstant;
/* DOCUMENT DiracConstant - Dirac's constant [J s]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local BoltzmannConstant;
/* DOCUMENT BoltzmannConstant - Boltzmann's Constant [J/K]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local StefanConstant;
/* DOCUMENT StefanConstant - Stefan-Boltzmann's constant [W/m^2/K^4]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local BohrMagneton;
/* DOCUMENT BohrMagneton - Bohr magneton [A m^2]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local BohrRadius;
/* DOCUMENT BohrRadius - Bohr radius [m]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local RydbergConstant;
/* DOCUMENT RydbergConstant - Rydberg's constant [eV]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local PerfectGazConstant;
/* DOCUMENT PerfectGazConstant - perfect gaz constant [J/mol]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local AvogadroConstant;
/* DOCUMENT AvogadroConstant - Avogadro's constant [1/mol]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local IcePoint;
/* DOCUMENT IcePoint - absolute temperature of ice [K]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local ElectronMass;
/* DOCUMENT ElectronMass - electron mass [kg]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local ProtonMass;
/* DOCUMENT ProtonMass - protron mass [kg]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local NeutronMass;
/* DOCUMENT NeutronMass - neutron mass [kg]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local ElementaryMassUnit;
/* DOCUMENT ElementaryMassUnit - elementary mass unit [kg]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local LightYear;
/* DOCUMENT LightYear - light year [m]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local ParSec;
/* DOCUMENT ParSec - astronomical unit per arcsecond [m]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local AstronomicalUnit;
/* DOCUMENT AstronomicalUnit - semi-major axis of Earth orbit [m]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local SunLuminosity;
/* DOCUMENT SunLuminosity - luminosity of the Sun [W]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local SunMass;
/* DOCUMENT SunMass - mass of the Sun [kg]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local SunRadius;
/* DOCUMENT SunRadius - radius of the Sun [m]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local SunTemperature;
/* DOCUMENT SunTemperature - effective temperature of the Sun [K]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local SunRotationalPeriod;
/* DOCUMENT SunRotationalPeriod - rotational period of the Sun [days]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local EarthMass;
/* DOCUMENT EarthMass - mass of the Earth [kg]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local EarthRadius;
/* DOCUMENT EarthRadius - radius of the Earth [m]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local EarthRotationalPeriod;
/* DOCUMENT EarthRotationalPeriod - rotational period of the Earth [hours]
SEE ALSO constants. */
local EarthOrbitalPeriod;
/* DOCUMENT EarthOrbitalPeriod - orbital period of the Earth [days]
SEE ALSO constants. */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* MATHEMATICS */
/* 35 significant digits is sufficient for 16-byte IEEE floating point */
Pi = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795029;
E = 2.7182818284590452353602874713526625;
Deg2Rad = Pi/180.0;
Rad2Deg = 180.0/Pi;
ArcSec = Deg2Rad/3600.0;
/* lim_{n->+infinity} sum_{k=1}{n} 1/k - log(n) */
EulerConstant = 0.5772156649;
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* PHYSICS */
LightSpeed = 2.99792458e+8; // [m/s]
PlanckConstant = 6.6260755e-34;
DiracConstant = PlanckConstant/Pi;
BoltzmannConstant = 1.380658e-23;
GravitationalConstant = 6.67259e-11;
WienConstant = 2.8978e-3;
// StefanConstant = 5.67032e-8;
StefanConstant = 2.0*Pi^5*BoltzmannConstant^4/(15.0*PlanckConstant^3
*LightSpeed^2);
PerfectGazConstant = 8.31441;
AvogadroConstant = 6.0221367e+23;
IcePoint = 273.15; // kelvin temperature at 0 celcius degree
WaterTriplePoint = 273.16;
VacuumPermittivity = 8.854187e-12;
// VacuumPermeability = 4e-7*Pi;
VacuumPermeability = 1.0/(4.0*Pi*VacuumPermittivity);
ElectronMass = 9.1093897e-31;
ProtonMass = 1.6726231e-27;
NeutronMass = 1.6749540e-27;
ElementaryMassUnit = 1.6605656e-27;
UnifiedAtomicMassUnit = 1.6605402e-27; // 0.0000010e-27
ElementaryCharge = 1.60217733e-19; // 0.00000049e-19 C
FineStructureConstant = ElementaryCharge^2/(2.0*PlanckConstant*LightSpeed
*VacuumPermittivity);
BohrMagneton = ElementaryCharge*PlanckConstant/(4.0*Pi*ElectronMass);
BohrRadius = 5.2918e-11; // [m]
RydbergConstant = 13.595; // [e V]
#if 0
ElectronComptonWavelength = PlanckConstant/(ElectronMass*LightSpeed);
ProtonComptonWavelength = PlanckConstant/(ProtonMass*LightSpeed);
HydrogenReducedMass = 1.0/(1.0/ElectronMass + 1.0/ProtonMass);
HydrogenReducedMass = 9.1045755e-31; // [kg]
#endif
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* ASTROPHYSICS */
SunLuminosity = 3.826e+26; // [W]
SunMass = 1.989e+30; // [kg]
SunRadius = 6.9599e+8; // [m]
SunTemperature = 5.77025e+3; // [K]
SunRotationalPeriod = 25.38; // [hours]
EarthMass = 5.976e+24;
EarthRadius = 6.378e+6;
EarthRotationalPeriod = 23.96; // [hours]
EarthOrbitalPeriod = 365.24219879; // [days]
AstronomicalUnit = 1.4959787066e+11;
LightYear = 24.0*3600.0*EarthOrbitalPeriod*LightSpeed;
ParSec = AstronomicalUnit/ArcSec;
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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