Nano Files

Upgrade Notices

This release introduces a ledger consistency check at startup. If your ledger database is corrupted, the node will stop and require a full resync to restore a valid ledger. Previously, such corruptions could go undetected.

Some V28.0 users experienced occasional node crashes due to missing sideband in election blocks. This has been resolved in V28.1 and V28.2.

Major updates

Bounded Block Backlog

The Bounded Block Backlog (BBB) adds a maximum limit for unconfirmed transactions (currently 100,000), helping prevent resource exhaustion attacks & ensuring more consistent confirmation rates during high network load.

Traffic Shaping

Traffic shaping complements the fair queuing system implemented in V27, by managing outbound network traffic more intelligently. This helps ensure more equal distribution of bandwidth between peers, reduces network congestion, & helps maintain performance during peak network usage.

RocksDB Optimizations

Nano's RocksDB implementation has been updated to V9.7.2, and the default configuration settings have been updated to match current best practices. Additionally, a range of improvements related to memory usage, thread handling, & lock management have been included, improving stability and performance for nodes using the RocksDB database backend.

Vote Generation Improvements

The vote generation system has been redesigned to be more resource-efficient, reducing CPU usage, improving priority vote processing, & bundling votes more intelligently.

Vote Filter Implementation

A new vote filter implements sophisticated deduplication and relevancy checks, eliminating redudant votes, reducing bandwidth usage, lowering memory usage, & reducing overall network load.

Vote Rebroadcasting Overhaul

The vote_rebroadcaster component was overhauled, making vote rebroadcasting smarter & more efficient. Previously we used a simple queue with a naive filter which rebroadcasted all processed votes. Since a vote can contain up to 255 hashes and the same vote can be processed multiple times depending on the exact timing of election activation, this introduced a rather significant inefficiency where we could rebroadcast the same vote multiple times, wasting bandwidth. The vote rebroadcaster overhaul significantly improves this by improving tracking & filtering of vote rebroadcasts.

Bootstrap & Database Optimizations

Bulk frontier scanning has been added to the ascending bootstrapper, processing up to 1,000 accounts simultaneously. I/O overhead has also been reduced through smart caching and optimised database queries. Additionally, a new fork_cache & block bootstrapping improvements were added, speeding up fork resolution during certain bootstrap scenarios.

Legacy Code Removal

The legacy bootstrapper has been completely removed, simplifying the codebase & improving code maintability.

Ledger & Database Consistency Improvements

V28.2 introduces enhanced ledger consistency verification at startup, including representative weights verification and comprehensive ledger integrity checks. These improvements help ensure database consistency and prevent corruption-related issues.

Bug fixes

Several bugs were fixed, including race conditions, missing notifications, dependency issues, election sideband handling, and online representative weight sampling issues.

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Upgrade notices

RPC changes

Bootstrap RPCs

The following bootstrap related RPC commands have been extended, modified, or added:

• bootstrap_status: previously this returned the status of legacy bootstrap; modified to return the status of ascending bootstrap
• bootstrap_reset: resets ascending bootstrap state, both priority and blocking sets are cleared
• bootstrap_priorities: dumps info about priority and blocking sets to aid in debugging any potential problems

Please note that the above bootstrap RPC commands are internal/diagnostic RPCs, & may not be stable.

Confirmation_info RPC

This is a backwards compatible change that updated the confirmation_info RPC call to include a list of representatives_final (representatives that have voted with final votes). Thanks to MajorChump for submitting this PR!

Ratio & Conversion related RPCs

Xrb_ratio has been removed and replaced with nano_ratio:

Existing name	ratio	Value	New name
Gxrb_ratio	10^33	1000 nano	Knano_ratio
Mxrb_ratio	10^30	1 nano	nano_ratio
kxrb_ratio	10^27	0.001 nano	removed
xrb_ratio	10^24	0.000001	removed

The following deprecated RPC endpoints for conversion have been removed: * krai_from_raw * krai_to_raw * mrai_from_raw * mrai_to_raw * rai_from_raw * rai_to_raw

For alternatives, see Unit Conversion RPCs

Other RPC Changes

An optional include_linked_account parameter was added to the account_history, block_info, and blocks_info RPC endpoints. When enabled, the response will include a new field linked_account, which returns the linked account associated with the block (or "0" if no linked account exists/was found e.g. due to pruning). Thanks to Exxenoz for submitting this PR!

Config changes

While the previous toml for database backend configuration is still supported for now, it is being replaced by database_backend = "lmdb" or database_backend = "rocksdb" under [node].

Consider reviewing and updating your configuration files with the --update_config or --generate_config CLI parameters. Review the toml config quick reference, or the CLI documentation for additional details.

CLI changes

A new --skip_consistency_check flag has been added for advanced users who need to bypass the startup ledger consistency check. Use with caution as this may allow nodes to run with corrupted databases.

Known Issues

Bootstrapping from scratch with pruning enabled causes the node to crash. As a potential workaround, node operators may be able to bootstrap with pruning disabled, and then enable pruning after bootstrapping is complete. A higher max_pruning_depth may also reduce the frequency of crashes. Pruning is considered experimental, so use it at your own risk - pruning is not currently recommended for important production services.

Docker Image

The official Docker tag for the V28.2 release is nanocurrency/nano:V28.2

See Pulling the Docker Image for more details.

Changelog

V28.2 Specific Changes * Fix elections sideband by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4905 * Election sideband tests by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4907 * Disable immediate rebroadcasting of forked blocks by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4906 * Log tcp connection rejection reason by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4912 * Respect read only mode for lmdb databases by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4913 * Rep weights verify consistency by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4914 * Ledger verify consistency by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4916 * Unlimited backlog when bootstrapping by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4922 * Add --skip_consistency_check flag by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4924 * Use const ref to vote in observers.vote.add lambda by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4926 * Fix online reps weight sampling by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4927 * Warn about ledger processing cooldown by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4921 * Bump max ledger notifications value by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4930

Bootstrapping * Use chrono timestamps in ascending bootstrap code by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4687 * Revert account store iterator in bootstrap_server by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4688 * Ascending bootstrap dependency resolution by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4692 * Fix handling of gap_previous by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4696 * More bootstrap fixes by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4699 * Bootstrap config tuning by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4698 * Update live network bootstrap weights by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4710 * Bootstrap weights in plain text by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4703 * Frontier scan client by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4739 * Remove legacy bootstrap by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4777 * Bootstrap tuning by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4784 * Optimize Vote Request Behavior During Bootstrapping by @gr0vity-dev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4798 * Bootstrap tuning by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4806 * Handle gap_epoch_open_pending block status when bootstrapping by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4821 * Fix incorrect tag hash when requesting blocks by frontier by @simpago in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4845 * Decay bootstrap blocking set by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4844 * Rate limiter for bootstrap server by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4818 * Updated bootstrap weights by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4843

Database / Ledger * Revert ledger account iterator by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4706 * Partially revert receivable iterator by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4711 * Perform ledger upgrade in batches by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4714 * Fix database iterator-transaction lifetimes by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4713 * Rocksdb overhaul and clean up by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4730 * Migration progress in percentage by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4725 * Rocksdb tx cleanup by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4737 * Database scan improvements by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4734 * Simplified RocksDb migration logic by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4740 * Database scan fix by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4742 * Various cleanups to store classes by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4760 * Pass transaction in to end iterator for future use. by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4761 * Convert store iterators to variants rather than using polymorphism. by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4759 * Use unique_ptr with LMDB resources to prevent leaks by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4770 * Exit migration if existing rocksdb ledger found by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4778 * Fix database write guard by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4780 * Fix out of order ledger notifications by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4824 * Pass node config directly to make_store function by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4826 * Extract pruning class by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4825 * Database backend configuration by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4828

Consensus / Elections / Voting / Confirmation * Bound the growth of election_winner_details set by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4720 * Cementing fixes by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4722 * Vote size histogram by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4751 * Remove election_winner_details container by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4755 * Activate cemented blocks by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4757 * Simplify vote generator by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4748 * Optimize vote distribution between PRs and non-PRs by @gr0vity-dev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4766 * Offload block processor notifications by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4763 * Fix vote generator stopping by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4788 * Remove node::process_confirmed (...) by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4758 * Rework random block sampling for rep crawler by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4792 * Offload rollback notifications to background thread by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4791 * Backlog scan refactoring by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4790 * Bounded backlog by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4787 * Make election behavior mutable to support dynamic behaviour transition by @gr0vity-dev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4799 * Fix timing issue in active_elections.fork_replacement_tally by @gr0vity-dev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4802 * Reduce likelyhood of race in node.fork_publish by @gr0vity-dev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4804 * Use new priority timestamp in priority scheduler by @simpago in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4809 * Do not add processed live traffic into priorities by @gr0vity-dev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4801 * Overhaul of online_reps class by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4656 * Fix activate immediately logic by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4822 * Extract vote_rebroadcaster by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4830 * Only query confirmed blocks in rep crawler by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4837 * Differentiate normal and final generator thread roles by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4838 * Improve handling of rep weights snapshots by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4847 * Online weight tracking improvements by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4854 * Differentiate between final and non-final vote generator stats by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4857 * Vote rebroadcasting overhaul by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4849 * Rep crawler should track local representatives by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4858 * Querying local reps wasn't throttled properly by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4860

Networking / P2P / Telemetry * Fixes for port_mapping by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4690 * Disable telemetry replies by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4695 * Add bucket that was accidentally removed during refactor of buckets. by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4715 * Network filter for votes by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4735 * Use channel as telemetry data key by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4697 * Fix mismatched channel owners by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4750 * Channel class cleanup by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4749 * Fix tcp_socket::type() race by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4775 * Per traffic type stats by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4785 * Bucketing component by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4794 * Traffic shaping by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4786 * Change fanout to scale by std::log rather than std::sqrt by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4835 * Filter channels with spare capacity when broadcasting by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4848

RPC / API / Websocket * Revert "Rewrite json_handler::unopened in terms of receivable iterators" by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4707 * Fix regression account history when querying open state blocks by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4709 * Add block hash to websocket new_block_arrived by @gr0vity-dev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4729 * Move http callbacks logic out of node class by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4816 * Websocket: Add linked_account to block content of confirmation topic by @Exxenoz in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4833 * RPC: Include optional linked_account field in account_history, block_info, and blocks_info RPCs by @Exxenoz in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4841 * Fix websocket confirmation options handling by @gr0vity-dev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4855 * Extend bootstrap related RPC commands by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4820

Testing / CI / Development Process * Fix test logging by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4693 * Rework broadcast_block_on_arrival test by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4723 * Improve nano::test::system::add_node (...) by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4731 * Log test system exceptions by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4746 * GitHub workflow updates by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4756 * Disable backtrace in CI build until backtrace log linking is resolved. by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4764 * Enable reporting memory leaks when running sanitizers by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4769 * Fix epoch_conflict_confirm test by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4779 * Remove Develop Branch Dockers Deploy workflow by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4796 * Fix rep_self_vote test by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4797 * Fix flaky inactive_votes_cache.election_start test by @gr0vity-dev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4803 * Fix ledger_priority.sequential_blocks testcase by @gr0vity-dev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4805 * Organize socket tests by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4808 * Request aggregator tests by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4823 * Fix bootstrap_fork_open test by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4827 * Tests for frontier_scan class by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4829 * Disable peer_container.list_fanout test by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4834 * Fix races in optimistic_scheduler tests by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4850 * Include status code in assertions by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4865

Configuration * Rework configs for backlog, telemetry and bandwidth limiter by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4728 * Compile time autumn2024 by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4776 * Cleanup tcp_config class by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4813 * Make network settings configurable by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4839

Build System / Dependencies * Update CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR to 28 by @github-actions in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4686 * Update miniupnp to 2.3.6 by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4700 * Fix two boost dependency issues by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4716 * Update to RocksDb V9.7.2 by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4753 * Update boost to 1.86 by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4743 * Removing lines in build scripts because bash. by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4765 * Link boost stacktrace appropriately for line information. by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4771 * Remove unnecessary com file for Win by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4863 * Use the latest c++ redist for windows build by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4864

Code Quality / Refactoring / Performance / Documentation * Fixed spelling in comments by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4726 * Replace legacy XRB ratios by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4733 * Updated gxrb -> knano ratio in comments by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4738 * Rework collect_container_info (..) functions by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4736 * Factor utility functions by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4745 * Use spaceship comparisons by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4767 * Rework nano::thread_pool by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4762 * Modify observer_set to only accept and pass const ref arguments by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4768 * Move assert to a dedicated header by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4773 * Delete unused declarations by @RickiNano in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4781 * Prettify ledger constants by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4793 * Readme update by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4795 * Move network_constants to a dedicated header by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4800 * Rename blockprocessor to block_processor for consistency by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4812 * Use unique ptrs for all node components by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4814 * Uniform indentation for nested namespaces by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4817 * Remove unused process_live_dispatcher by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4831 * Modify nano::locked to work in const contexts by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4846

Logging & Diagnostics * More comprehensive logging of wallet actions by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4815 * Avoid unnecessary string allocations when logging by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4832 * Remove unnecessary stacktrace call by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4836 * Log ledger data path on startup by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4852 * Avoid unnecessary stacktrace when logging expected errors by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4856

Core / Bug Fixes * Fix correctness, sanity check, and resolve shutdown issue. by @clemahieu in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4719 * Disallow database operations on network IO threads by @pwojcikdev in https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/pull/4772

Full Changelog: https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/compare/V28.0...V28.2 Incremental Changelog: https://github.com/nanocurrency/nano-node/compare/V28.1...V28.2