/*
coords.c
borrowed from:
http://acme.com/software/coords/
I (Evan Battaglia <viking@greentorch.org>) have only made some small changes such as
renaming functions and defining LatLon and UTM structs.
2004-02-10 -- I also added a function of my own -- a_coords_utm_diff() -- that I felt belonged in coords.c
2004-02-21 -- I also added a_coords_utm_equal().
2005-11-23 -- Added a_coords_dtostr() for lack of a better place.
*/
/* coords.h - include file for coords routines
**
** Copyright © 2001 by Jef Poskanzer <jef@acme.com>.
** All rights reserved.
**
** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
** are met:
** 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
** 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
** documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
**
** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
** ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
** IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
** ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
** FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
** DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
** OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
** HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
** LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
** OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
** SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "viking.h"
#ifdef WINDOWS
#define M_PI 3.14159265358979
#endif
/**
* Convert a double to a string WITHOUT LOCALE.
*
* Following GPX specifications, decimal values are xsd:decimal
* So, they must use the period separator, not the localized one.
*
* The returned value must be freed by g_free.
*/
char *a_coords_dtostr ( double d )
{
/* In order to ignore locale, we do all the stuff manually */
double integer, decimal;
integer = trunc(d);
/* 6 decimals are sufficient (~0,1m) */
/* Cf. http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/rpm-gbi/guides/Latlong_f.asp */
decimal = d - integer;
decimal = decimal * 1000000;
decimal = trunc ( decimal );
decimal = fabs ( decimal );
/* Format */
return g_strdup_printf ( "%g.%06g", integer, decimal );
}
#define PIOVER180 0.01745329252
#define K0 0.9996
/* WGS-84 */
#define EquatorialRadius 6378137
#define EccentricitySquared 0.00669438
static char coords_utm_letter( double latitude );
int a_coords_utm_equal( const struct UTM *utm1, const struct UTM *utm2 )
{
return ( utm1->easting == utm2->easting && utm1->northing == utm2->northing && utm1->zone == utm2->zone );
}
double a_coords_utm_diff( const struct UTM *utm1, const struct UTM *utm2 )
{
static struct LatLon tmp1, tmp2;
if ( utm1->zone == utm2->zone ) {
return sqrt ( pow ( utm1->easting - utm2->easting, 2 ) + pow ( utm1->northing - utm2->northing, 2 ) );
} else {
a_coords_utm_to_latlon ( utm1, &tmp1 );
a_coords_utm_to_latlon ( utm2, &tmp2 );
return a_coords_latlon_diff ( &tmp1, &tmp2 );
}
}
double a_coords_latlon_diff ( const struct LatLon *ll1, const struct LatLon *ll2 )
{
static struct LatLon tmp1, tmp2;
tmp1.lat = ll1->lat * PIOVER180;
tmp1.lon = ll1->lon * PIOVER180;
tmp2.lat = ll2->lat * PIOVER180;
tmp2.lon = ll2->lon * PIOVER180;
return EquatorialRadius * acos(sin(tmp1.lat)*sin(tmp2.lat)+cos(tmp1.lat)*cos(tmp2.lat)*cos(tmp1.lon-tmp2.lon));
}
void a_coords_latlon_to_utm( const struct LatLon *latlon, struct UTM *utm )
{
double latitude;
double longitude;
double lat_rad, long_rad;
double long_origin, long_origin_rad;
double eccPrimeSquared;
double N, T, C, A, M;
int zone;
double northing, easting;
longitude = latlon->lon;
latitude = latlon->lat;
/* We want the longitude within -180..180. */
if ( longitude < -180.0 )
longitude += 360.0;
if ( longitude > 180.0 )
longitude -= 360.0;
/* Now convert. */
lat_rad = latitude * M_PI / 180.0;
long_rad = longitude * M_PI / 180.0;
zone = (int) ( ( longitude + 180 ) / 6 ) + 1;
if ( latitude >= 56.0 && latitude < 64.0 &&
longitude >= 3.0 && longitude < 12.0 )
zone = 32;
/* Special zones for Svalbard. */
if ( latitude >= 72.0 && latitude < 84.0 )
{
if ( longitude >= 0.0 && longitude < 9.0 ) zone = 31;
else if ( longitude >= 9.0 && longitude < 21.0 ) zone = 33;
else if ( longitude >= 21.0 && longitude < 33.0 ) zone = 35;
else if ( longitude >= 33.0 && longitude < 42.0 ) zone = 37;
}
long_origin = ( zone - 1 ) * 6 - 180 + 3; /* +3 puts origin in middle of zone */
long_origin_rad = long_origin * M_PI / 180.0;
eccPrimeSquared = EccentricitySquared / ( 1.0 - EccentricitySquared );
N = EquatorialRadius / sqrt( 1.0 - EccentricitySquared * sin( lat_rad ) * sin( lat_rad ) );
T = tan( lat_rad ) * tan( lat_rad );
C = eccPrimeSquared * cos( lat_rad ) * cos( lat_rad );
A = cos( lat_rad ) * ( long_rad - long_origin_rad );
M = EquatorialRadius * ( ( 1.0 - EccentricitySquared / 4 - 3 * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared / 64 - 5 * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared / 256 ) * lat_rad - ( 3 * EccentricitySquared / 8 + 3 * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared / 32 + 45 * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared / 1024 ) * sin( 2 * lat_rad ) + ( 15 * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared / 256 + 45 * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared / 1024 ) * sin( 4 * lat_rad ) - ( 35 * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared / 3072 ) * sin( 6 * lat_rad ) );
easting =
K0 * N * ( A + ( 1 - T + C ) * A * A * A / 6 + ( 5 - 18 * T + T * T + 72 * C - 58 * eccPrimeSquared ) * A * A * A * A * A / 120 ) + 500000.0;
northing =
K0 * ( M + N * tan( lat_rad ) * ( A * A / 2 + ( 5 - T + 9 * C + 4 * C * C ) * A * A * A * A / 24 + ( 61 - 58 * T + T * T + 600 * C - 330 * eccPrimeSquared ) * A * A * A * A * A * A / 720 ) );
if ( latitude < 0.0 )
northing += 10000000.0; /* 1e7 meter offset for southern hemisphere */
utm->northing = northing;
utm->easting = easting;
utm->zone = zone;
utm->letter = coords_utm_letter( latitude );
/* All done. */
}
static char coords_utm_letter( double latitude )
{
/* This routine determines the correct UTM letter designator for the
** given latitude. It returns 'Z' if the latitude is outside the UTM
** limits of 84N to 80S.
*/
if ( latitude <= 84.0 && latitude >= 72.0 ) return 'X';
else if ( latitude < 72.0 && latitude >= 64.0 ) return 'W';
else if ( latitude < 64.0 && latitude >= 56.0 ) return 'V';
else if ( latitude < 56.0 && latitude >= 48.0 ) return 'U';
else if ( latitude < 48.0 && latitude >= 40.0 ) return 'T';
else if ( latitude < 40.0 && latitude >= 32.0 ) return 'S';
else if ( latitude < 32.0 && latitude >= 24.0 ) return 'R';
else if ( latitude < 24.0 && latitude >= 16.0 ) return 'Q';
else if ( latitude < 16.0 && latitude >= 8.0 ) return 'P';
else if ( latitude < 8.0 && latitude >= 0.0 ) return 'N';
else if ( latitude < 0.0 && latitude >= -8.0 ) return 'M';
else if ( latitude < -8.0 && latitude >= -16.0 ) return 'L';
else if ( latitude < -16.0 && latitude >= -24.0 ) return 'K';
else if ( latitude < -24.0 && latitude >= -32.0 ) return 'J';
else if ( latitude < -32.0 && latitude >= -40.0 ) return 'H';
else if ( latitude < -40.0 && latitude >= -48.0 ) return 'G';
else if ( latitude < -48.0 && latitude >= -56.0 ) return 'F';
else if ( latitude < -56.0 && latitude >= -64.0 ) return 'E';
else if ( latitude < -64.0 && latitude >= -72.0 ) return 'D';
else if ( latitude < -72.0 && latitude >= -80.0 ) return 'C';
else return 'Z';
}
void a_coords_utm_to_latlon( const struct UTM *utm, struct LatLon *latlon )
{
double northing, easting;
int zone;
char letter[100];
double x, y;
double eccPrimeSquared;
double e1;
double N1, T1, C1, R1, D, M;
double long_origin;
double mu, phi1_rad;
int northernHemisphere; /* 1 for northern hemisphere, 0 for southern */
double latitude, longitude;
northing = utm->northing;
easting = utm->easting;
zone = utm->zone;
letter[0] = utm->letter;
/* Now convert. */
x = easting - 500000.0; /* remove 500000 meter offset */
y = northing;
if ( ( *letter - 'N' ) >= 0 )
northernHemisphere = 1; /* northern hemisphere */
else
{
northernHemisphere = 0; /* southern hemisphere */
y -= 10000000.0; /* remove 1e7 meter offset */
}
long_origin = ( zone - 1 ) * 6 - 180 + 3; /* +3 puts origin in middle of zone */
eccPrimeSquared = EccentricitySquared / ( 1.0 - EccentricitySquared );
e1 = ( 1.0 - sqrt( 1.0 - EccentricitySquared ) ) / ( 1.0 + sqrt( 1.0 - EccentricitySquared ) );
M = y / K0;
mu = M / ( EquatorialRadius * ( 1.0 - EccentricitySquared / 4 - 3 * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared / 64 - 5 * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared * EccentricitySquared / 256 ) );
phi1_rad = mu + ( 3 * e1 / 2 - 27 * e1 * e1 * e1 / 32 )* sin( 2 * mu ) + ( 21 * e1 * e1 / 16 - 55 * e1 * e1 * e1 * e1 / 32 ) * sin( 4 * mu ) + ( 151 * e1 * e1 * e1 / 96 ) * sin( 6 *mu );
N1 = EquatorialRadius / sqrt( 1.0 - EccentricitySquared * sin( phi1_rad ) * sin( phi1_rad ) );
T1 = tan( phi1_rad ) * tan( phi1_rad );
C1 = eccPrimeSquared * cos( phi1_rad ) * cos( phi1_rad );
R1 = EquatorialRadius * ( 1.0 - EccentricitySquared ) / pow( 1.0 - EccentricitySquared * sin( phi1_rad ) * sin( phi1_rad ), 1.5 );
D = x / ( N1 * K0 );
latitude = phi1_rad - ( N1 * tan( phi1_rad ) / R1 ) * ( D * D / 2 -( 5 + 3 * T1 + 10 * C1 - 4 * C1 * C1 - 9 * eccPrimeSquared ) * D * D * D * D / 24 + ( 61 + 90 * T1 + 298 * C1 + 45 * T1 * T1 - 252 * eccPrimeSquared - 3 * C1 * C1 ) * D * D * D * D * D * D / 720 );
latitude = latitude * 180.0 / M_PI;
longitude = ( D - ( 1 + 2 * T1 + C1 ) * D * D * D / 6 + ( 5 - 2 * C1 + 28 * T1 - 3 * C1 * C1 + 8 * eccPrimeSquared + 24 * T1 * T1 ) * D * D * D * D * D / 120 ) / cos( phi1_rad );
longitude = long_origin + longitude * 180.0 / M_PI;
/* Show results. */
latlon->lat = latitude;
latlon->lon = longitude;
}