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Blockchain platforms are frameworks that allow developers to create, deploy, and manage blockchain-based applications and services. These platforms provide the underlying infrastructure for building decentralized applications (dApps), executing smart contracts, and enabling secure, transparent transactions. Blockchain platforms are typically built on distributed ledgers, which ensure data immutability, security, and decentralization. Common uses of blockchain platforms include financial services (like cryptocurrency), supply chain management, identity verification, and voting systems. Popular blockchain platforms offer support for consensus mechanisms, scalability, privacy features, and interoperability with other blockchain networks.

Layer 1 protocols, also known as layer 1 blockchains, are blockchain protocols that are built as the base layer of a blockchain. A layer 1 protocol serves as the underlying base blockchain of a blockchain network, as opposed to a layer 2 protocol which is designed to improve the scaling problems and transaction speeds and fees that layer 1 blockchain networks and protocols face. Decentralized applications and cryptocurrencies can be built on Layer 1 protocols, and layer 1 protocols interact with layer 2 protocols in order to improve efficiency and overall user experience.

Smart contract platforms enable blockchain developers to build, manage, verify, and execute smart contracts. Smart contracts are contracts that are governed and executed by code on a blockchain.