US2039454A - Weaving of fabrics - Google Patents

Description

May'5, 1936. R. ROSSMANN WEAVING OF FABRICS Filed May 2'7, 1935 llllllllllllll mummn Patented May 5, 1936 PATENT OFFICE wmvmo or FABRICS Rudolf Rossmann, Gauting, near Munich, Germany, assignor to firm 'Iefag Textil-Finanz A.-G., Zurich, Switzerland Application May 2'7, 1933, Serial No. 673,227

I In Germany June 2, 1932 11 Claims.

This invention relates to the weaving of fabncs.

In looms as hitherto constructed the slay is usually reciprocated by crank gears so as to beat up the weft, the pick being effected by means of shuttle boxes carried and reciprocated by the slay so that the projection of the shuttle takes place during the return movement of the slay. During part of this return movement and part of the succeeding forward movement of the slay the pick takes place, so that the shuttle is guided by the reed. Since therefore the slay must be operatively connected to the shuttle boxes, complicated and sometimes unreliable mechanisms result whilst, in addition, the shocks due to the catching and projection of the shuttle necessitate a heavy slay which consequently requires considerable power for its operation.

Though proposals have been made to employ fixed shuttle boxes and to stop the slay momentarily at its rearmost reversal point to allow the shuttle to pass through the shed, theshuttle is liable to be projected out of the desired path due to the unevenness of the warp caused, for example, by knots in the warp threads. The present invention has for its object to overcome the above difficulties without forfeiting the advantages attendant upon the use of fixed shuttle boxes.

To this end according to the invention the reed is held stationary in a position remote from the beating up point while the shuttle passes through the shed, the shuttle being positively guided as it passes through the shed. The positive guiding of the shuttle may be effected by the reed itself while this is stationary.

and to this end the reed may have a shape which conforms to the contour of at least one part of the shuttle. plane of the warp threads, the shuttle boxes being conveniently then arranged so'that the shuttle passes into and out of each box in a direction substantially tangential to the curvature of the reed.

Instead of or in addition to such curvature the reed may be formed so as to positively engage the shuttle as, for example, byforming the reed of teeth so constructed that, when assembled to constitute the reed, .the teeth together form a guide which engages or conforms substantially to the contour of at leastone part of the shuttle. Each tooth may comprise two fingers spaced apart and converging towards their outer ends thus forming, when all the teeth are assembled,

a passage through which the shuttle can pass,

The reed may be curved in the the inner surface of each finger being preferably cut away or recessed with a view to preventing warp threads from being drawn into the tooth by the shuttle. Alternatively the converging fingers of the tooth may be formed to engage grooves on opposite sides of the shuttle. If desired a tooth may be constituted'by a member bent or recessed to engage a correspondingly shaped part of the shuttle.

The reed, instead of being formed of a series of similar teeth, for example as any one of those above. indicated, the reed may have .teeth of two or more of such constructions so that as the shuttle passes through the teeth it will be guided at different parts of its surface. In this way not only the horizontal but also the vertical sides of the shuttle will be positively guided.

In the accompanying drawing- Figures 1 and 2 illustrate in plan and in side elevation respectively one construction of a'loom embodying the invention,

Figure 3 illustrates in a. manner similar to Figure 1, another construction also according to the invention, and

Figures 4, 5, 6, '7, 8, 9, and 10 show forms of the tooth which may be employed to build a reed in accordance with the invention.

, In the construction illustrated in, Figures 1 and 2 the loom comprises two lateral frame members I, 2 having shuttle boxes 3 and 4 respectively.

At the rear side of the machine is arranged a let-off beam 5 (Figure 2) from which the warp threads 6 pass over the slay I. The slay I, which is operated as hereinafter described, carries a reed 8 whereby the weft is beaten up after it has been picked in by the shuttle 9, the fabric it) thus formed passing on to a take-up beam ll. The mechanism for operating the slay is clearly shown in Figure 2 and comprises a fixed pivot l2 carrying a bell-crank lever one arm it of which constitutes a sword for operating the slay whilst the other arm carries a followerll engaging a cam groove l5 ina cam l6.- The warp threads pass from the let-off beam 5 over a swing beam II, the fabric passing over a breast beam It to the take-up beam ii.

The formation of the cam-groove I 5 is such that as the cam rotates in the direction of the arrow, for example, from the position shown in Figure 2, the follower ll remains stationary with respect tothe' pivot l2. The slay I and reed I are thus arrested in their rearmost position, i. e. with the reed 8 remote from the beating up point in .the shed. the shuttle 9 passing through the shed so as to pick in a weft thread while the slay and reed are thus arrested. The length of time during which the slay and reed are held stationary is determined by the angle subtended by the truly circular part of the cam groove l5, this angle being preferably at least 180. The length of time during which the slay and reed are held stationary can therefore be determined as desired in accordance with the speed of the shuttle and the width of the fabric ID, by employing a cam disc the circular portion of whose track subtends a greater or smaller angle.

After the weft thread has been picked in, the eccentric portion of the cam groove l5 engages the follower and moves the slay and reed 8 so that this beats up the weft.

In the construction illustrated in Figure 3 the reed 8 is curved, as shown, in the plane of the fabric ID. The shuttle boxes, which are fixed in position as in the construction already described. are directed tangentially with respect to the curvature of the inner surface of the reed 8. The shuttle passes throughthe shed when the reed and slay are held stationary, as by the cam l5 above described, the reed 8 guiding the shuttle E as this passes through the shed from one shuttle box to the other. The shuttle 9 is in this way positively guided since its own momentum causes it to bear against the curved reed throughout the passage of the shuttle through the shed.

If desired instead of or in addition to curving the reed as described with reference to Figure 3 a passage or guide channel for the shuttle may be incorporated in the reed. Thus, for example, as illustrated in Figure 4 the reed may be constituted by a series of teeth l9 each comprising two fingers 20, 2i together forming a guide conduit for the shuttle S which may be bevelled as shown to fit freely within the guide conduit. The space between the free ends of the fingers 2t, 2! allows for the passage of the fabric during the beating up operation. Alternatively, the reed may be constructed as shown in Figure 5 in which a series of teeth 40 are arranged to form a reed having a curvature as indicated in Figure 3. Each tooth 40 is bent or recessed whereby the teeth 40 together form a V-shaped channel for engagement with bevelled surfaces 4| formed on each longitudinal side of the shuttle 9.

The reed may be constructed as shown in Figure 6 wherein the reed is formed by a series of teeth 22, each tooth having two fingers 23, 24 forming a channel in a manner somewhat similar to the construction shown in Figure 4. The fingers 23 and 24 are however recessed internally at 25 and 26 which will tend to prevent warp threads, which have become disarranged from the shed, from being drawn and jammed between the fingers 23, 24 by the shuttle, and thus interfering with free movement of the shuttle during the pick. Figure 7 illustrates yet a further construction of reed which is formed by a series of teeth 21 each having two fingers 28, 29 the free. ends of which are adapted to engage grooves 30 and 3| formed in the shuttle 9.

If desired the reed may be constructed of a series of teeth which differ from each other. Thus, for example, alternate teeth may be constructed as'shown in Figure 1 and the remaining teeth as shown in Figure 8 or as shown in Figure 9. In Figure 8 each tooth comprises two fingers 32, 33 whose inner faces are substantially parallel to each other, recesses 25', 26' being conveniently provided as described with reference to Figure 6. In Figure 9 the tongues 34, 35 of each tooth are slightly curved but the inner surfaces 36, 37 are substantially parallel to the back or opposite surface 38. Teeth as shown in Figure 8 thus engage the upper and lower surfaces of the shuttle 9 whilst teeth of the type shown in Figure 9 engage its vertical sides, so that by forming the reed with alternate teeth as shown in Figure 7, with the remainder of the teeth as shown in Figure 9, the shuttle will, in eifect, be engaged on all sides as it passes through the weft. Alternatively, some of the teeth constituting the reed may be formed as shown in Figure 8 whilst the remaining teeth are formed as shown in Figure 9. This last described combination is shown in Fig. 10 of the drawing. In this figure, a tooth according to Fig. 9 is shown in front. Behind this, is a tooth according to Fig. 8, the invisible parts of which are shown in dotted lines.

It will be seen that whilst a loom embodying the invention retains all the advantages obtained due to fixed shuttle boxes, it also results in a considerable economy in power being effected since the slay is light and has only to support the reed. At the same time accurate guiding of the shuttle is ensured with consequent reduction in breakage of warp threads.

It will be understood that the constructions above-described are given by way of example and that details may be modified.

I claim:

- 1. In a loom for weaving, the combination of stationary shuttle boxes, a shuttle, a slay, a reed supported by said slay, said reed consisting of a plurality of claw-shaped members each having two fingers pointing substantially in the direction of the warp threads and being spaced apart and converging toward their outer ends thus forming, when all members are assembled, a passage through which the shuttle can pass and an opening through which the weft thread can run off.

2. In a loom for weaving, stationary shuttle boxes, a shuttle, a slay, a reed supported by said slay, said reed consisting of a plurality of clawshaped members each having two fingers spaced apart and converging toward their outer ends thus forming, when allmembers are assembled, a passage through which the shuttle can pass,

each finger having a recess at its inner face, said recess forming an open space when the shuttle pastsgs through said members, for the purpose set for 3. In a loom for weaving, stationary shuttle boxes, a shuttle, a slay, a reed supported by said slay, said reed consisting of a plurality of clawshaped members each having two fingers spaced apart and converging toward their outer ends thus forming, when all members are assembled, a passage through which the shuttle can pass, said fingers having projections at their ends and said shuttle having recesses negatively conforming with said projections.

4. In a loom for weaving, stationary shuttle boxes, a shuttle, a lay, a reed supported by said lay, said reed consisting of a plurality of clawshaped members' each having two fingers pointing in substantially the direction of the warp threads and being spaced apart and converging toward their outer ends, thus forming, when all members are assembled, a passage through which the shuttle can pass, each finger having a recess at its inner face, said recess forming an open space when the shuttle passes through said members.

5. In a loom for weaving, stationary shuttle boxes, shuttles, a lay, a reed-supported by said lay, said reed having a plurality of claw-shaped members which point and open up in substantially the direction of the warp threads and iorm a tunnel-like channel having a rounded inside contour through which the shuttles can pass.

. ,6. In a loom i'or weaving, the combination of stationary shuttle boxes, shuttles, a lay, a reed supported by said lay, said reed having a plurality of claw-shaped members which point and open up in substantially the direction of the warp threads and form a tunnel-like channel having a rounded inside contour through which the shuttles can .pass, said shuttles having an octagonal cross-section leaving open spaces between said shuttles and said channel when racing through said channel.

rectangular cross-section having flattened corners and flat sides-said flattened comers forming surmembers of another set having a part conforming ends spaced apart, said fingers pointing substantially in the direction of the warp threads and converging toward their outer ends thus forming, when all members are assembled, a passage through which the shuttle can pass, said passage 5 having an opening with rounded sides permitting an easy run-oil? of the weft threads. 9. In a loom for weaving, stationary shuttle boxes, shuttles, a slay, a reed supported by said slay, said reed consisting of at least two sets of different tooth members, the members of one set being interspersed between the members of boxes, shuttles, a slay, a reed supported by said slay, said reed consisting of at least two sets oi. different tooth members, the members of one set being interspersed between the members of another set, all tooth members together forming a channel which is open on one side and is adapted to definitely guide the shuttles.

11. In a loom for weaving, stationary shuttle boxes, shuttles having aplurality of sides, a slay, a reed supported by said slay, said reed consist-. ing of at least two sets of different tooth members, the members of one set having a part (2011-. forming with at least one side of said shuttles, the

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