US1943069A - Governor control mechanism - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 9, 1934. M. J.'GOLDBERG GOVERNOR CONTROL MECHANISM File d Aug. so, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l w J I w 1 a a x w g a H i wok; 5 WWWI W MM T a o Wd m M 0 T iii- INVENTOR M04175 JGOLDEZ'E BY 7 Z AT ORNEY Jan. 9, 1934. GOLDBERG 1,943,069

GOVERNOR CONTROL MECHANI SM Filed Aug. 30, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet .2

FIGS

Ill/IIIIIIIIIIIIII/ INVENTOR MOAAl J'Gowazwa 5%)); Q0 TTORNEY Patented Jan. 9, 1934 GOVERNOR CONTROL MECHANISM- Morris J. Goldberg, Beloit, Wis., assignor to Fairbanks, Morse & 00., Chicago, 111., a cornotation of Illinois Application August 30, 1928. Serial No. 302,907

3 Claims. (Cl. 264-3) This invention relates to improvements in governor control mechanism, and particularly to a governor mechanism adapted for use with an internal combustion engine as a speed and fuel regulator.

An object of the present invention is to provide a speed-responsive means which will maintain the engine speed under any normal load change, and thereby provide an improved degree of speed regulation.

A further object is to provide an improved governor mechanism, operatively associated with a manual speed-control device, and so related thereto that adjustability of the governor mechanism by the speed-control is possible, independently of the normal governor control of the engine.

A still further object is to provide improved means whereby the engine is controlled manually, for speeds other than those within the range of the governor control, under which condition the governor is utilized only as an overspeed control.

An additional object of the present invention is to provide an improved governor control mechanism which is especially effective at light loads and low speeds, and which provides a wide range of selective speed control of the engine without interfering with the action of the governor proper.

Further objects and advantages will appear from the following detailed description of parts and the accompanying drawings. in which Fig. 1 is a plan view, partially in section, of a preferred form of the governor control mechanism, and showing also a sectional portion of the injection pump assembly to which the mechanism may be connected for control purposes; Fig. 2 is a section along the line 2-2 of the construction shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an end elevation as viewed from line 3--3 in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the driving gear arrangement; Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section taken along the line 5-5 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectiontaken along the line 6-6 in Fig. 2.

It will, of course, be understood that the described construction constitutes onlya single preferred executional embodiment of the present invention and that substantial alterations in the construction and arrangement of the parts may be made without departing from the spirit and full scope of this invention, as defined by the appended claims. I

For the purpose of illustrating a practical application, the present example is shown as adapted'to the control of a variable stroke injection pump, such as is described and claimed in myco-pending application, Serial No. 313,864, filed .October 20, 1928. In order better to coordinate the subject matter of the several applications, certain of the reference numerals designating parts common to the present case and the copending application, mentioned above, have been repeated in the present application. It will, however, be understood that the present invention may be applied with improved results, to the control of other equipment, or to other constructions of injection pump control apparatus.

Referring by numerals to the drawings, the governor proper comprises a governor shaft 10, preferably of hollow construction, which is ro- .tatably mounted in a bearing 11 removably dis- -the governor shaft is taken in'one direction by the thrust washer 15, bearing against the end of the bearing member 11, and in the other direction by the ball thrust bearing 17. The spiral gear 13 is arranged to mesh with acorresponding spiral gear 18, which in turn is secured to, and rotates with, the cam shaft 28. Thus the rotation of the engine cam shaft 28 is transferred to the governor shaft 10. The governor shaft is-provided with a forked portion or attachment 19, to which governor weights 20 are pivotally fulcrumed at 22. A governor spindle 23 is slidably mounted, preferably inside of the hollow governor shaft, and is provided with a head end 24 or equivalent attachment, which is grooved on its sides as appears at 25, to receive and engage rollers 26 suitably pivoted to the governor weight arms. The grooved head portion 24 is provided, preferably,

with ears or flattened sides 24, which are adapted to engage corresponding surfaces provided on the forked portion 19 of the governor shaft. By this means, relative rotation between the spindle and the governor shaft is prevented. The centrifugal movement of the weights'20, tends to be opposed by a spring 27, which is disposed between the governor shaft and spindle. On the opposite end of the spindle 23, is mounted a yoke collar 29, which is free to rotate on the spindle. Endwi'se movement of the spindle is, by this means, transmitted to a governor yoke or arm 30, by means of shoes 31 pivoted at 32. The governor yoke 30 is pivotally fulcrumed at 33, to an eccentric 34 which is journalled in the bearing member 11, and is adapted to rotate about a center 35. The endwise movement of the spindle 23, is transferred to the control shaft 21, by means of a link 36, connected to the governor yoke 30. In the example illustrated, the movement thus transferred to the control shaft, is utilized to control the displacemen stroke of each of the injection pumps, in the manner shown and described in my co-pencling application referred to above.

The governor assembly and its immediately related parts, described above, may also be provided with an improved speed regulator, comprising means for reducing, or increasing the engine speed, at will. An example of a preferred form of such a device will best appear in Fig. 2. A handwheel 38 is rotatably mounted on a bearing member 39, which also serves as a removable front closure for the governor case; and the handwheel is held against endwise movement by a split retaining collar 40, which is in turn fastened to the member 39. The collar 40 is adapted to engage an annular groove 41 formed in the handwheel. A female threaded portion 42 is provided to engage a threaded sleeve 43, which is free to move longitudinally, but not to rotate. The provision preventing rotation, but permitting longitudinal slidable movement of the sleeve 43, may be effected in any suitable manner, for

example, by splining the sleeve member 43 to a ring key which is secured to the housing 39. The sleeves 43 and 45 may be similarly associated. A compression spring 44 is inserted between the threaded sleeve .43 and a guide sleeve 45 in telescoping engagement therewith, and tends to urge the head end 24 of the governor spindle to the left (Fig. 2), through a thrust receiving, antifriction ball 46. Movement of handwheel 38 serves to compress, or to relieve compression on the spring 44, to effect a manual control over the governor action, as hereinafter described.

For effecting routine speed control over the engine, below the maximum speed determined by the setting of wheel 38, I prefer to provide a linkage arrangement, best seen in Fig. 2 Essentially this consists of means for maintaining an accurate control over the angular position of the shaft 21, and comprises a handwheel 46, which is mounted on a shaft 47. Actuation of the wheel rotates a pinion 48 which transmits the movement to a rack or gear sector 49. The rack being rotatable about a fixed pivot, serves to control the angular position of the yoke fulcrum 33, by means of the connecting link 50. The described movement of fulcrum 33, serves to control delivery of fuel by the injection pumps, and hence controls the engine speed in a manner clearly appearing from the above mentioned co-pending application.

In operation, the governor shaft 10 is driven by the cam shaft 28 through gears 13 and 18, and the resulting rotation causes the centrifugal effect of the governor weights 20, to oppose or counteract the force of the spring 27 to give an endwise movement of the governor spindle 23. The governor yoke 30 is thus moved about its pivot point 33, and through link 36, adjusts the position of the control shaft 21 responsively to the speed of the engine. In the example illustrated, the rotation of the control shaft 21 increases or decreases the quantity of oil injected, responsively to the speed of the engine. As will be well understood, when the load on the engine increases,

the speed tends to drop 01f. This causes the spring 27 to overcome the centrifugal effect of the governor weights 20, and moves the spindle 23 to the right, as seen in Fig. 2., Such a movement, gives an anti-clockwise rotation to the control shaft 21, which (as will be seen by reference to the co-pending application mentioned above), increases the stroke of the pump plungers, thereby increasing the quantity of fuel injected to maintain the desired speed regulation. When the load on the engine decreases, the governor spindle 23 moves to the left (as seen in Fig. 2), thus rotating the control shaft 21, clockwise, and decreases the pump stroke, and hence the amount of fuel injected. The mechanism will control the engine for all load changes, and will maintain the proper and desired speed regulation. a

The governor proper is responsive to the centrifugal force of the weights, acting against the force of the governor spring 27, but the weights are assisted in opposing spring 27, by the spring 44, of the speed control. For a given setting of the adjusting spring 44, the governor is responsive, to control the engine between certain speed limits. When the handwheel 38 is in one extreme posi-; 'tion of its rotation, in which the spring 44 is farthest extended, the governor proper operates at its maximum speed. As the handwheel 38 is turned in the other direction, the spring 44 is compressed, and partly counteracts the force of the governor. spring 27. Therefore, the net spring effect against the centrifugal action of the weights is decreased; and results only from the differential effects of the opposed springs 27 and 44, and as the governor will then produce a relatively low engine speed,-:' it will be understood that a means of controlling the governor action is thus provided. For any setting of the speed control, the engine is under control of the governor for all load variations. It will be understood that such-adjustability is pro-,- vided without interfering with, or interrupting the operation of the governor proper.

In some cases, it is desirable to control the engine fuel-feed entirely by manual means. By turning the handwheel 46 in an anti-clockwise direction, (as seen in Fig. 2), the rack 49 is rotated clockwise, and, through the link 50, rotates the eccentric 34 in an anti-clockwise direction, thus changing the position of the fulcrum 33 of the governor yoke 30. This movement corresponds to the movement of the governor in cutting down the quantity of fuel injected to the engine, or in thus effecting a reduction in the engine-speed. This manual control varies the speed below or above that normally maintained'qm without the surrounding governor case, it is preferred to lubricate the apparatus by splash. To this end, the casing or housing 12 is adapted to contain a supply of lubricant, which may be replenished through the plugged opening-51 in the removable front closure or bearing member 39, and drained through the plugged opening 52 in the casing 12. Easy accessibility to the various controls is provided by the described assembly, in which each control mechanism is adapted tube assembled and replaced independently of the other mechanism. The entire counter spring mechanism is removably secured to the front closure member 39, and the governor proper, including the bearing 11, is removably mounted in the housing 12. Adjustment of the manual control is provided by removal of the case cover 53. It will readily be seen that the assembly affords a means for ready access to the mechanisms for service adjustment and replacement, and that the arrangement permits the ready introduction and removal of the governor assembly through the opening normally closed by member 39.

The governor control mechanisms described above, are adapted to provide excellent operating qualities at light loads, and low speeds. It will be seen from the preceding description, that the assembly affords a plurality of automatic and manual fuel and speed-controls. Each of these controls is operable independently, and collectively provide a flexibility of engine control, entirely adequate for engines of any usual size and purpose.

Although the present invention has been described as applied to the control of a variable stroke fuel injection pump, it will be understood that the mechanism or parts thereof, may be applied to other apparatus, and for other purposes in connection with internal combustion engines, without departing from the essential principles of the invention.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an auxiliary manual control mechanism for a centrifugal governor of a type characterized by a yieldably opposed, centrifugally actuated spindle, the combination with the governor and governor case, of a boss formed by a wall element of the case and provided with a bore in line with the governor spindle, a pair of sleeves mounted in opposed relation within said bore, and slidably movable therein, each of said sleeves having one closed end and one of the sleeves being telescopically disposed in the other, a ball element between the closed end of one sleeve and the governor spindle, a spring carried within and between the sleeves, a control wheel having a hub portion journalled on said boss, a flange carried by the boss for preventing axial movement of the control wheel, the hub bei provided with internal threads beyond its journalling portion and one of the sleeves being provided with companion external threads, adapted through coaction of the threaded parts when the wheel is rotated, to effect a relative endwlse displacement of the sleeves, for varying the loading of said spring.

2. A manual control mechanism for a governor of a type having a yieldably opposed, centrifugally actuated spindle, including in combination with the governor and a governor case, a boss formed by a wall element of the case and provided with a bore in line with the governor spindle, an outer sleeve slidably disposed in said bore, an inner sleeve telescopically disposed in the outer sleeve, each sleeve having one closed end, a thrust element between the closed end of the inner sleeve and the governor spindle, a compression spring within and enclosed by the sleeves, a control wheel having a hub portion journaled on said boss, companion interengaging flange members on the hub and boss, adapted to position the wheel against axial movement, the hub being internally threaded, and the outer sleeve externally threaded, whereby rotation 01' said wheel is adapted to cause displacement of the outer sleeve, to effect a variation in loading of said spring.

3. An auxiliary control mechanism for a governor of a type characterized by a yieldably opposed, centrifugally actuated spindle, the mechanism including, in combination with the governor and the governor case, a boss detachably mounted as an extension of one of the case walls, and provided with a bore in line with the governor spindle, an outer socket member slidably disposed in said bore, an irmer socket member telescopically disposed in the outer socket in opposed relation thereto, a ball element disposed between the inner socket and the governor spindle, a compression spring disposed between and enclosed by the socket members, a rotat able control wheel having hub portions extended on each side thereof, the extension on one side of the wheel being joumalled on said boss, companion, interengaging flange members, one being carried by the hub and the other detachably secured to the said boss, the flange members coacting to prevent axial movement of the wheel, the opposite extension of said hub being internally threaded, and the outer socket member being provided with companion external threads near its outer end, whereby rotation of said wheel is adapted to effect relative displacement of the socket members, for variation in loading of said spring.

MORRIS J. GOLDBERG.

Images