US1744791A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

G. NEMETZ l Jan. A21s, 1930.

PUMP

Filed July 25. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet l G. NEMETZ Jan. 28, 1930.

PUMP

'3 Sheets-sheet 2 Filed July 23. 1927 Jan. 28, 1930.

G. NEMETZ PUMP FiledJuly 23, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Jan. 28, 1930 UNITED STATES GUSTAV NEMETZ, OF VIENNA,

PATENT yOFFICE,

YUM?

Application led July 23, 1927, Serial No. 208,014, and' in Austria December 18, 1926.

My invention relates to pumps used in connection with spinning devices for artificial silk or rayon or like purposes, in which liquids of a higher grade of viscosity have 5 to be circulated, and particularly to the driving mechanism of such pumps in which the distribution of the liquid is controlled by the pistons of the pump, which to this effect are performing a ,combined reciprocating and a rotational movement around their axes.

Pumps of this kind are generally provided with pistons having slots which open or uncover the pressure or suction ducts at the required intervals of time. The driving mechanism is generally of a somewhat complicated character comprising for instance a groove into which a roller projects or similar devices, or a system of eccentric shafts and of links to make the pistons perform their distributioncontrol movement.

My invention has for its object to provide a driving mechanism which is simple and inexpensive and which allows to drive a large number of pumps simultaneously.. Accord ing to my invention the4 shaft with which the driving means proper are connected is arranged at an angle with respect to the piston which is smaller than 90 and this inclined driving axis receives 'its movement from a second shaft which is arranged in parallel to the axis of the piston. The transmission of movement is effected by means of an intermediate sleeve, loosely mounted on the inclined shaft and provided with the driving members proper. Each geometrical point of said members therefore performs an eccentric circular movement and an oscil-` movement.

.ISOA

To obtain an eccentric circular movement of the intermediate sleeve member on the inclined shaft or of the members connected therewith the point of intersection of a plane passing through all the centers ofi/the crank pins with the axis of the inclined shaft must have a certain eccentricity with respect to the point of intersection of the axis ofthe driving shaft with this plane and this eccentricity must not be smaller than the radius of the crank pins Within said plane.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings which show one modiication of the invention at various phases of the movement in a longitudinal section and in a top View and a horizontal section through the pistons and a detail of a second modification.

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section throu h said modification at the first phase of t e movement, Fig. 2 a section through the cylinders taken along the line II-II of Fig. 1,

which passes through the center'lines of the ducts or channels.

Fig. 3 shows a top view of the mechanism cation, wherein the return stroke is not effected positively but by spring action.

The arrangement compries a driving shaft 17, the axis y of which is arranged in parallel to the axis u of the pistons. This driving shaft 17 carries a short inclined shaft 3, the axis of which is inclined at an appropriate angle a to the axis y of the driving shaft. The inclined shaft 3 is xedly connected with the'driving shaft 17 and .carries a loosely mounted sleeve 19, which can freely rotate upon the inclined shaft and is held by a collar 22 secured on the shaft 3 by appropriate means, such `as a splint or pin 24. i

From the sleeve 19 a series of arms 20 is projecting, the number of which corresponds to the number of pumps to be driven by one driving mechanism. Instead of arms also a. disk or other members may be used, provided with holes or openings 10, which have preferably rounded or spherical inner surfaces. Into the holes the crank pins 18 of the 1 pistons 1 are inserted. These pistons may be provided with lifting means which consist of heads or disks 21, of a greater diameter than the holes or openings 10 and which are connected with the crank'pins so as to be able to be dismounted. Preferably they are screwed on the crank pins 18 orf` fixed b means of small pins or splints. The cran pins 18 form part of a crank that may be integral with or fixed in any other appropriate way to the pistons 1. The heads 21 are however only provided if the movement of the pistons is to be a positive one, so that the whole reciprocating movement of the pistons is to be derived from the oscillating movement of the driving members 20., Where the pistons are not driven positively but Yby a` spring such as shown in Fig. 13, the lifting 25 heads 21 may be dis ensed with. This is also the case where the ack or upward stroke of the piston is obtainedfby the pressure of the liquid under the piston.

'As will be seen from the drawing, a plane so z--z passing through the centers of the crank pins of the pistons will intersect the axis of the shaft 3 at a point y which is eccentrically located with respect to the point of intersection of the axis y of the driving 85 shaft 17 with this plane. The eccentricity e may be approximately equal to the eccentricity of the crank pins 18 with respect to the axis u of the pistons 1 and in any case should not be smaller than the radius of the crank. If therefore the shaft 17 is rotated the sleeve 19 performs not only a circular movement around the'axis y but each point also oscillates in a plane which is parallel to the axis u of the piston; this oscillating movement is utilized to transmit a reciprocating movement to said pistons. Each point of the driving disk or arm therefore performs a reciprocating or oscillating movement and a circular movement simultaneously and it is thereso fore possible to drive an number of pistons4 in the wa indicated. T e pistons which are connecte with the disk or arms connected with the sleeve by means of their cranks are therefore also executing a reciprocating and a rotational movement around their axis.

`The piston is provided with a distributing slot or recess 7 and works within a cylinder 4.which is provided with a suction duct 6 and a plressure duct 5 as usual.

6o he operation of the device is the following:

Considering first the left hand piston 1* and assuming the piston to be in its lowest positionas shown in Fig. 1, then it will be seen 05 that the slot 7 of the piston is in its inoperative position, the ducts 5`and 6 being covered by the cylindrical part of the piston which 1s not cut. When the shaft 17 is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the piston begins to raise and to rotate, the suction duct 6 is uncovered while the pressure duct is closed. In Fig. 4 the piston 1'I is represented in its middle position during the u ward stroke in which by raising the piston uid is drawn in through the duct 6, uncover by the slot 7. The piston is 'raised further and is simultaneously rotated so that the slot again moves to its inoperative position with respect to the ducts, the space beneath the piston during such movement having been lled with liquid, drawn in through duct 6 (Fi 7). The` piston 1 now begins its backwar stroke simultaneously uncoverin the pressure duct 5 andpress upon the l1 uid which is slowly pressed oultll rough said uct. In the `position shown in Fig. 10 the piston 1*.is in its middle position durin the downward stroke,'where it uncovers t e pressure duct 5 and it presses the liquid through the same on its stroke downward. Finally the lowermost position shown in Fig. 1 'is again reached, the piston having been rotated so as to bring the slot 7 in its inoperative position and the cycle is repeated.

If all the pistons 1*-1 are considered it is seen that every piston has reached another phase and is in another position with respect to the ducts if these are arranged properly, as shown on the drawings. It is of course Aalso possible to have the istons working in another succession and t 's depends so el upon the arrangements of the cylinders with respect to each other.

From the above it will be seen that the arrangement described, which may be modified in many ways, without departing from the essence of the invention, allows to drive any number of pumps with a single driving mechanism, which is very simple and inexpensive and it is also possible to make these Vpistons exactly in succession or conjointly or in any other way preferred without altering the driving mechanism.

What I claim is:

1. In a pump for viscose or other liquids, pistons performing a. reciprocating and a rotational movement, means for driving said pistons comprising a shaft inclined with respect to the axis of said pistons, a crank on each piston, and a driving member adapted to be moved by the rotation of said inclined shaft, said driving member acting upon the cranks of the piston. 1

2. In a pump for viscose or other liquids, pistons performing a reciprocating and a rotational movement, a driving mechanism for said pistons comprising a shaft inclined with respect to the axes of the pistons at an angle less than a right angle, a crank on each piston, and a driving member adapted to be moved by the rotation of said inclined shaft, said driving 4member acting upon the cranks of the piston.

3. In a pump for viscoseror other liquids, pistons performing a reciprocating and a rotational movement, a driving mechanism for said pistons, comprising a rotating shaft and a second shaft connected with the driving shaft and arranged at an angle with respect to the same, a driving member loosely mounted on said inclined shaft, capable of rotational movement with respect thereto, cranks -on said piston and an operative connection between said driving member and said cranks.

4. In a pump for viscose or other liquids pistons performing a reciprocating and a rotational movement, a driving mechanism for said pistons consisting of a rotating driving shaft and a second shaft connected therewith and inclined with respect to said driving shaft, a driving member on said inclined shaft, comprising a sleeve loosely mounted thereon, adapted to be operatively connected with the pistons, a crank on each piston for effecting said connection, the angle between the driving shaft and the second shaft being so chosen,th`at the points of intersection of the geometrical axes of the two shafts with a plane passing through the points of contact of the cranks with the driving member are located at a distance approximately equal to the radius of the crank.

5. In a pump for viscose or other liquids pistons performing a reciprocating and arotational movement, cranks on said pistons provided with crank pins, a driving member for actuating said crank pins performing as a whole an oscillating and an eccentric circular movement, said driving member being mounted on a shaft inclined with respect to the axis of the pistons.

6. In a pump for viscose or other pistons performing a reciprocating and a rotational movement, cranks on said pistons each being rovided with a crank pin and a lifting hea a driving member for any number of cranks connected with the same, so as to allow rotation ofthe cranks and performing an oscillating movement in the direction of the axis of the pistons, thereby reciprocating the pistons and an eccentric circular movement thereby rotating the cranks, said driving member being mounted on a shaft inclined with respect to the axis of the piston, said shaft rotating around an axis which is parallel to the axis of the' pistons.

7 In a pump for 'viscose or other liquids,

pistons performing a reciprocating and a rotational movement, cranks on said pistons each being provided with a crank pin and a lifting head, a driving member for any number of cranks connected with the same, so as to allow rotation of the cranks and performing an oscillating movement in the direction of the axis of the pistons, thereby reciprocatiiquids,

ing the pistons and an eccentric circular movement thereby rotating the cranks, said drivin member being mounted on a shaft incline with respect to the axis of the piston and connected with a driving shaft arranged in parallel to the axes of the pistons, the angle at which the first shaft is inclined being so chosen that the axis of said shaft and the axis of the driven shaft when intersecting a plane passing through the points of contact of the cranks with the driving member are located at a distance approximately equal to the radius of the cranks.

8. In a pump for viscose or other iiuids, cylinders having their axes varranged in parallel and provided with suction and pressure ducts,

- a series of pistons in said 'cylinders performing a reciprocating and a rotary movement, means for actuating all the pistons in common, said means comprising a shaft inclined with respect to the parallel axes of the cylinders, a crank member on each piston and a common driving member driven by said inclined shaft and cooperating with the crank members on each piston, so as to impart a reciprocating and rotary movement to all pistons simultaneously, the hases of movement of the various pistons 'fl'ering from each other and the pressure 4and suction ducts of the various cylinders being so arranged that the suction and pressure strokes of the various pistons overlap regularly, the pressure ducts from various cylinders leading to a common pressure duct, so that by virtue of the overlapping of the pressure stroke periods a uniformity of the discharge of the liquid is obtained in the common pressure duct.

p In testimony whereof I aiixmy signature.

, ING. GUSTAV NEMETZ.

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