TWI869631B - Photovoltaic permeable pavement structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A photovoltaic type water-permeable pavement structure is mainly composed of a photovoltaic module and a water-permeable unit arranged below the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic modules are arranged and laid on the ground, including a base with water-permeable holes around the base, a solar panel installed on the top of the base, a fixing piece on the bottom of the base to position it above the water-permeable unit, and a bare area inside the base, which extends outward and is connected to a connecting pipe connected to the adjacent base; the water-permeable unit is a water-permeable pavement, which can be a frame structure composed of a plurality of upright water-permeable pipes, a water-permeable pavement poured with concrete slurry, or a water-permeable pavement directly paved with water-permeable materials, or a water-permeable pavement with holes drilled to form water-permeable holes, thereby constructing a concrete structure pavement with a plurality of drainage holes. In this way, the pavement can have multiple functions such as drainage and energy storage at the same time.

Description

Photovoltaic permeable pavement structure

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic permeable pavement structure, in particular to a green energy pavement that can not only construct a solar power system, but also has the function of quickly draining rainwater and is a disaster-proof pavement.

Since ancient times, soil has the function of collecting and retaining water. However, due to the continuous development and expansion of cities, the large-scale construction of various artificial facilities has led to the continuous increase of impermeable pavements, causing the catchment area to gradually lose its original water retention capacity and resulting in a significant increase in surface runoff. In addition, the impact of climate change caused by global warming has made all urban areas face greater flood control pressure.

Therefore, in order to combat global warming and reduce environmental load and its negative impact, many places have proposed corresponding adaptation measures and sustainable development policies in recent years, such as promoting sponge cities and energy transformation policies. Sponge cities are a new urban model that builds flood control and ecological and environmental protection functions in cities. For example, permeable pavement is built to replace non-permeable pavement. When it rains, it absorbs, stores, infiltrates and purifies water. When the climate is dry and hot, it can release water vapor to improve the heat island effect and prevent global warming. Energy transformation is to promote the use of renewable energy, improve the energy structure through green energy, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve environmental quality, and leave a clean earth for future generations.

In view of this, the inventor of this case actively researched, designed and assembled the above-mentioned needs, and after careful evaluation, finally obtained this invention which is truly innovative and practical.

The main purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic permeable pavement structure that can not only use solar panels to convert light energy into electrical energy for use, but also quickly drain surface rainwater to the ground, reducing the chance of surface floods, and replenishing groundwater, thereby achieving a surface pavement that has both green energy and disaster prevention effects.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the photovoltaic type water-permeable pavement structure provided by the present invention is mainly composed of a photovoltaic module and a water-permeable unit, wherein the photovoltaic module is laid on the ground surface and is mainly provided with a base, and the periphery of the base is designed with water-permeable holes. The base is provided with a fixing piece on the bottom surface for positioning above the water-permeable unit, and the top edge of the base is provided with a frame, and a solar panel is embedded in the frame. In addition, a bare area is provided inside the base, and the periphery of the bare area is provided with through holes for connecting pipes to be embedded and connected with adjacent bases; and the water-permeable unit is a water-permeable pavement, arranged below the photovoltaic module, and is composed of a plurality of spacers. The frame structure is composed of vertical permeable pipes arranged at intervals. The permeable pipes located between two adjacent photovoltaic modules have longer bodies, and the tops of the permeable pipes can be laid out flush with the ground surface. The remaining permeable pipes are assembled under the photovoltaic modules, and the tops of some permeable pipes are interlocked and fixed with the fixings of the photovoltaic module base, while some permeable pipes are exposed in the bare area. After the entire frame is assembled, concrete slurry is poured to construct a concrete structure pavement with a large number of drainage holes formed around the photovoltaic module base and in the bare area. Finally, solar panels are installed in the base.

In one embodiment, the water-permeable unit is a water-permeable pavement, which is directly paved with water-permeable materials, or a water-permeable pavement with water-permeable holes formed by drilling holes.

The effective benefit of the present invention lies in that the photovoltaic permeable floor paving constructed by the above-mentioned components can use the photovoltaic modules arranged on the surface to convert the energy of sunlight into electrical energy for use on sunny days. If it rains, the rainwater on the ground can be quickly drained to the ground through the drainage holes, which can not only effectively prevent the solar panels from being soaked in water, but also prevent the chance of flooding on the surface, and can also replenish groundwater resources, thereby achieving a surface paving with both green energy and disaster prevention effects.

Other features and specific embodiments of the present invention can be further understood in the following detailed description with accompanying drawings.

1: Plate module

10: Optoelectronic module

11: Base

111: Frame

112:Fixer

113: Naked area

114:Through hole

115: Anchoring Department

116: ribs

12: Solar panels

121: Frame

13: Connecting pipe

14: End cover

15: Frame cover

20: Water-permeable unit

21, 21a: Water-permeable pipe

22: Grille top plate

23: Connecting ribs

24: Tenon

25: Embedded groove

26: Drainage hole

30: Mould

60: Concrete slurry

Figure 1 is a three-dimensional appearance diagram of the photovoltaic module and water-permeable unit of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optoelectronic module of the present invention.

Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the optoelectronic module of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the optoelectronic module base and the water-permeable unit of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the optoelectronic module base and the water-permeable unit of the present invention.

Figure 4A is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 4 of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic water-permeable pavement structure of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module of the present invention installed on the solar panel.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the completed construction of the photovoltaic water-permeable pavement structure of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic water-permeable pavement structure of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the exploded view of the modular pavement embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the modular pavement precasting process of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a three-dimensional exterior view of the modular pavement of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the on-site installation of the modular pavement of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the modular paving construction of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 3, the photovoltaic water-permeable pavement structure of the present invention is mainly composed of a photovoltaic module 10 and a water-permeable unit 20 arranged under the photovoltaic module 10.

The photovoltaic module 10 is provided with a base 11, a solar panel 12 and a connecting pipe 13. The base 11 is arranged and laid on the ground. Water-permeable holes are designed around the base. A frame 111 is provided on the top edge of the base. The solar panel 12 is installed inside the frame 111. The base 11 is provided with a fixing member 112 on the bottom surface for positioning above the water-permeable unit 20. A bare area 113 is provided inside the base 11. A through hole 114 extending outward is provided around the bare area 113. The through hole 114 allows the connecting pipe 13 to penetrate and connect, so that the connecting pipe 13 can be buried under the ground in a mutually connected state with the adjacent base 11.

In addition, if there is no adjacent base 11 to connect to, the through hole 114 on that side is sealed by embedding another end cover 14. Furthermore, the present invention can further provide a plurality of anchoring parts 115 on the bottom surface of the base 11, which can form a ground anchor structure after the concrete slurry 60 is solidified, so that the base 11 can be laid more stably on the ground surface.

Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 2A for the water-permeable holes designed around the base 11. In the preferred embodiment, the solar panel 12 provided in the photovoltaic module 10 can be designed in different shapes according to the material of the outer frame 121, so that when the photovoltaic module 10 is engaged with the base 11, a suitable gap can be formed to be installed in the hierarchical edge of the frame 111 of the base 11. If the outer frame 121 is made of plasticized material, the periphery of the outer frame 121 can be directly designed into a wave shape, and a convex rib 116 is provided on the hierarchical edge of the frame 111 of the base 11, so that when the solar panel 12 is installed in the hierarchical edge of the frame 111 of the base 11, a suitable gap can be formed, as shown in FIG. 2. If the outer frame 121 of the solar panel 12 is made of metal, the volume of the solar panel 12 is designed to be slightly smaller than the area of the frame 111 of the base 11, and a pad 122 is provided at each corner of the outer frame 121 of the solar panel 12, so that the periphery of the solar panel 12 can be interlocked with the frame 111 of the base 11 with an appropriate gap, as shown in Figure 2A. In this way, it is easy to install and rainwater on the surface can penetrate into the open area 113 through the gap formed between the solar panel 12 and the frame 111 of the base 11.

In another embodiment not shown in the figure, the water-permeable holes designed around the base 11 are formed as a whole with water-permeable holes or water-permeable gaps, or a component is embedded to form water-permeable holes or water-permeable gaps. In this way, the solar panel 12 is directly installed inside the frame 111, and no water-permeable holes or water-permeable gaps are formed around the two due to installation. This technical means should also be included in the scope of the invention.

The water-permeable unit 20 is preferably a frame structure composed of a plurality of vertical water-permeable pipes (21, 21a) arranged at intervals, and is arranged below the photovoltaic module 10. The water-permeable pipe 21a of the frame structure located between two adjacent photovoltaic modules 10 has a longer pipe body, the top of which can be flush with the ground surface, and the remaining water-permeable pipes 21 are set below the base 11 of the photovoltaic module 10. In the preferred embodiment, the water-permeable unit 20 is provided with a grating top plate 22 or a cover or mesh cover at the upper end of the water-permeable pipe (21, 21a) to form a barrier to avoid blockage during the pouring of concrete slurry 60. The bottom edge of the pipe body is provided with an outwardly extending connecting rib 23, which is connected to another water-permeable pipe (21, 21a), so that each water-permeable pipe (21, 21a) is connected to each other to form a frame structure. In addition, corresponding convex tenons 24 and embedded grooves 25 are provided on the outer periphery of the connecting rib 23 on the two adjacent sides of the outermost side of the frame structure, so as to provide another water-permeable unit 20 for connection and assembly and laying.

Please refer to Figures 3 to 8 again. When the present invention is implemented, the ground is first prepared on the floor where the photovoltaic permeable pavement is to be constructed, and the permeable unit 20 is completely arranged on the construction area with the same area as the pavement to be constructed according to the overall pavement planning blueprint. Then, the fixing member 112 protruding from the bottom of the base 11 of the photovoltaic module 10 is embedded in the pipe opening of the top of the permeable pipe 21 corresponding to the permeable unit 20 for positioning, so that the base 11 can be stably laid on the permeable unit 20, and the exposed permeable pipe 21 is framed in the bare area 113, and the permeable pipes 21a with longer pipe bodies in the permeable unit 20 are arranged and distributed between the adjacent bases 11. Furthermore, since the grille top plate 22 provided at the outlet of the water-permeable pipe 21 is designed in the form of a thin sheet, the base 11 of the photoelectric module 10 can be directly passed through the fixing piece 112 at the bottom during assembly, and can be easily broken through to an open position for embedding and fixing, and then the two ends of the connecting pipe 13 are respectively embedded in the through holes 114 of the two adjacent bases 11, so that each base 11 is interconnected, and finally concrete slurry 60 is poured to form a water-permeable pavement. It can also be a water-permeable pavement directly paved with water-permeable materials, or a water-permeable pavement with water-permeable holes formed by drilling holes, one of which is used.

If a cover or a mesh cover is added to the outlet of the water-permeable pipe 21, it can also form a blocking effect. After the concrete slurry 60 is poured, the temporarily blocked cover can be removed to avoid blockage during the concrete slurry pouring operation.

In addition, in order to facilitate the pouring of the concrete slurry 60, a frame cover 15 can be used to cover the area between the inner side of the top edge frame 111 of the base 11 of the photovoltaic module 10 and the bare area 113 before the pouring operation. Alternatively, another feasible method not shown in the figure is to use tape or non-woven fabric for covering to prevent the area of the base 11 where the solar panel 12 is installed from being covered by the concrete slurry 60, and the frame cover 15, tape or non-woven fabric can be removed after the concrete slurry 60 solidifies. In addition, when the concrete slurry 60 is poured, the exposed water-permeable pipes (21, 21a) of the water-permeable unit 20 are provided with a grating top plate 22, which can block the concrete slurry 60 at the pipe opening. Therefore, after the concrete slurry is properly solidified, it is only necessary to use a high-pressure spray gun to spray high-pressure air or water to remove the residue in each water-permeable pipe (21 , 21a) port, the sludge on the grille top plate 22 can be sprayed off to construct a concrete structure permeable pavement with many drainage holes 26 formed around the base 11 and in the bare area 113. Finally, the solar panels 12 are electrically connected to each base 11 by passing wires through the connecting pipe 13 to complete the installation of the entire photovoltaic permeable pavement.

Thus, when the rainy season comes and heavy rain falls on the ground surface instantly, the drainage holes 26 formed between the photovoltaic modules 10 and the appropriate gaps formed between the solar panels 12 and the base 11 can be used to infiltrate rainwater into the drainage holes 26 in the open area 113, and then the rainwater can be quickly drained to the ground through the permeable pipes (21, 21a), which can not only achieve the probability of preventing regional floods in a shorter time, but also replenish groundwater resources. In this way, the function of effectively draining water from the ground in a short time and replenishing groundwater can be achieved.

If the weather is fine, the solar panels 12 arranged in the photovoltaic module 10 can be used to convert the energy of sunlight into electrical energy for use. At the same time, when the temperature on the ground is high and hot, the water content in the ground is relatively high, so it can be converted into water vapor and released to the outside. For the photovoltaic module 10, not only can the solar panels 12 achieve a moderate cooling effect, thereby extending the service life of the solar panels 12, but also the photovoltaic conversion efficiency can be increased. For the overall environment, heat exchange in the environment can also be carried out to avoid the occurrence of the heat island effect or mitigate the heat island effect. Furthermore, this solar energy method of generating electricity does not require the use of any fuel, is noiseless and does not pollute the air. It is a clean energy source that is friendly to the earth, and the electricity generated can also be effectively used nearby.

Please refer to Figures 9 to 11 for another preferred embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment mainly adopts a modular design for the photovoltaic water-permeable pavement. A base 11 with a photovoltaic module 10 is provided with through holes 114 on four sides thereof, and an end cap 14 is embedded on the outer side of each through hole 114 to seal it. After being combined with the corresponding water-permeable unit 20, it is simultaneously placed in a pre-cast mold 30, and a frame cover 15 is covered on the top of the base 11. Alternatively, another feasible method not shown in the figure is to use tape or non-woven fabric for masking, and then pour concrete slurry into the mold 30. After the concrete slurry solidifies, the frame cover 15 or non-woven fabric is removed to pre-cast a plate module 1.

Please refer to Figures 12 and 13. During implementation, the panel module 1 of the photovoltaic permeable pavement can be pre-cast in the factory. After the floor preparation of the construction site where the photovoltaic permeable pavement is to be laid is completed, the pre-cast panel module 1 is transported to the construction site for direct laying, and finally the solar panel 12 is installed. In this way, not only can the construction process on site be simplified and convenient, but also the construction schedule of the entire project can be shortened to reduce the inconvenience and disturbance caused to road users during construction.

From the above, it can be seen that the photovoltaic water-permeable pavement structure of the present invention has the following practical advantages:

1. Improve the energy structure, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reduce air pollution and improve environmental quality through renewable, sustainable and clean green energy generation.

2. It can reduce surface runoff and reduce the chance of floods. It can also recycle rainwater and replenish groundwater resources, not only to achieve the purpose of water conservation in the base, but also to release water vapor to exchange heat with the surface temperature, thereby regulating the overall temperature and humidity in the environment, effectively reducing the heat island effect, or avoiding the occurrence of the heat island effect, and creating a more efficient sponge city ecological environment.

In summary, the present invention uses a photovoltaic permeable pavement structure design to construct a surface pavement that has both green energy and disaster prevention benefits. It has industrial application value, and a patent application is filed in accordance with the law.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention; therefore, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the invention specification should still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

10: Optoelectronic module

11: Base

111: Frame

12: Solar panels

121: Frame

13: Connecting pipe

14: End cover

20: Water-permeable unit

21, 21a: Water-permeable pipe

22: Grille top plate

23: Connecting ribs

24: Tenon

25: Embedded groove

Claims (10)

A photovoltaic type water-permeable pavement structure is mainly composed of a photovoltaic module and a water-permeable unit. Its characteristics are: the photovoltaic module is laid on the ground surface and is mainly provided with a base. The periphery of the base is designed with water-permeable holes. The water-permeable holes are used for the solar panels of the photovoltaic module. A pad is arranged at each corner and embedded in the inner part of the frame of the base. In addition, a convex rib is arranged at the bottom of the frame to form a gap between the solar panel and the base for rainwater to penetrate. The base is provided with a frame at the top edge, and a solar panel is embedded in the frame. The base is provided with a fixing piece on the bottom surface for positioning above the water-permeable unit. A bare area is provided inside the base. Through holes are provided around the bare area for connecting pipes to be inserted and connected with adjacent bases. The water-permeable unit is a water-permeable pavement, which is arranged under the photovoltaic module. The pavement structure composed of the above components can not only convert solar energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic module, but also quickly drain rainwater from the ground to the ground through the drainage holes formed by the water-permeable unit through the water-permeable pipe. A photovoltaic type water-permeable pavement structure is mainly composed of a photovoltaic module and a water-permeable unit. The photovoltaic module is laid on the ground surface and is mainly provided with a base. The periphery of the base is designed with water-permeable holes. The water-permeable holes are formed by integrally forming the periphery of the base with water-permeable holes or water-permeable gaps, or by embedding components to form water-permeable holes or water-permeable gaps. The base is provided with a frame at the top edge, and solar panels are embedded in the frame. The base is provided with a There is a fixing part for positioning above the water-permeable unit, and a bare area is provided inside the base. Through holes are provided around the bare area for the connecting pipe to be embedded and connected with the adjacent base; the water-permeable unit is a permeable pavement, which is arranged under the photovoltaic module; The pavement structure composed of the above components can not only convert the energy of solar light into electrical energy through the photovoltaic module, but also can quickly drain the rainwater on the ground to the ground through the drainage holes formed by the water-permeable unit through the permeable pipe. As described in claim 1 or 2, the photovoltaic type water-permeable pavement structure, wherein the base of the photovoltaic module is further provided with an anchor portion on the bottom surface, which can be stably combined with the concrete structure. The photovoltaic type water-permeable pavement structure as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-permeable unit is a frame structure composed of a plurality of vertical water-permeable pipes, and is arranged under the photovoltaic module, and is poured with concrete slurry to construct a concrete structure pavement with a plurality of drainage holes. As described in claim 4, the photovoltaic permeable pavement structure, wherein the permeable pipe of the frame structure arranged between two adjacent photovoltaic modules has a longer pipe body, and its top end is aligned with the ground surface. The photovoltaic type water-permeable pavement structure as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-permeable unit is a water-permeable pavement directly paved with water-permeable materials, or a water-permeable pavement with water-permeable holes formed by drilling holes in various pavements, one of which is used. As described in claim 1 or 2, the photovoltaic type water-permeable pavement structure, wherein the base of the photovoltaic module is between the inner side of the frame and the bare area, and a non-woven fabric is provided to cover it. As described in claim 4, the photovoltaic type water-permeable pavement structure, wherein the water-permeable unit is provided with a grating top plate at the upper end of each water-permeable pipe, and an outwardly extending connecting rib is provided at the bottom edge of the pipe body and connected to another water-permeable pipe, thereby connecting each water-permeable pipe to form a frame structure. As described in claim 4, the photovoltaic type water-permeable pavement structure, wherein the outer periphery of the connecting ribs on the two outermost adjacent sides of the water-permeable unit are respectively provided with corresponding tenons and grooves for connection and paving of another water-permeable unit. The photovoltaic type water-permeable pavement structure as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the base of the photovoltaic module and the water-permeable unit are assembled in pairs, and then a plate module is pre-cast with concrete slurry using a mold for paving.

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