TWI505653B - Enhanced isolation circuit - Google Patents
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本發明係與無線通訊領域有關,特別是關於一種增強Tx/Rx切換區間隔離度的電路。The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly to a circuit for enhancing the isolation of a Tx/Rx switching interval.
無線區域網路(Wireless Local Area Network,WLAN)收發機具有半雙工的機制,其工作狀態在接收Rx和發射Tx之間進行切換,但不能同時工作在Rx狀態和Tx狀態。Rx狀態和Tx狀態不能相互干擾,即Tx鏈路和Rx鏈路需要良好的隔離。The Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) transceiver has a half-duplex mechanism, and its working state switches between receiving Rx and transmitting Tx, but cannot work in both Rx state and Tx state. The Rx state and the Tx state cannot interfere with each other, that is, the Tx link and the Rx link require good isolation.
現有的收發機操作在Tx狀態時,會透過一控制信號將低噪音放大器(Low-Noise Amplifier,LNA)關閉,或者引入一開關電路,在低噪音放大器LNA不工作時對其斷電,以此來提高Tx/Rx鏈路的隔離度,避免回路失真,反之亦然。When the existing transceiver operates in the Tx state, the Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) is turned off by a control signal, or a switching circuit is introduced to turn off the low-noise amplifier LNA when it is not working. To improve the isolation of the Tx/Rx link and avoid loop distortion, and vice versa.
但Tx/Rx的控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal若同時用來控制該開關電路,如DC switch,若是DC switch設計不良的話,例如延遲時間太長,則無法立即斷電,從而由於斷電延遲導致回路失真。However, if the Tx/Rx enable signal of Tx/Rx is used to control the switch circuit, such as DC switch, if the DC switch is poorly designed, for example, if the delay time is too long, the power cannot be immediately turned off, resulting in power failure delay. Loop distortion.
在Tx/Rx切換區間,通常Rx控制信號Rx Enable Signal關閉後會隔一段保護時間tguard 再開啟Tx控制信號Tx Enable Signal來避免Tx/Rx切換 區間時的回路失真,反之亦然。如第1A圖所示,如果DC switch設計不良,那麼當Rx控制信號Rx Enable Signal關閉後,DC switch的輸出電壓DC switch Vout並不能立刻拉至關閉狀態,而是呈現緩慢的下降,此時Tx控制信號Tx Enable Signal在經過tguard 時間的延遲後開啟,依然會存在Tx/Rx鏈路都為工作狀態時段tTx/Rxen 。此種回路失真是由Rx鏈路的DC switch的輸出信號的電壓下降時間太長所引起的。In the Tx/Rx switching interval, usually after the Rx control signal Rx Enable Signal is turned off, the guard time t guard is turned on and the Tx control signal Tx Enable Signal is turned on to avoid loop distortion in the Tx/Rx switching interval, and vice versa. As shown in Figure 1A, if the DC switch design is poor, when the Rx control signal Rx Enable Signal is turned off, the DC switch output voltage DC switch Vout cannot be pulled to the off state immediately, but a slow drop, at this time Tx The control signal Tx Enable Signal is turned on after the delay of the t guard time, and there is still a Tx/Rx link that is in the working state period t Tx/Rxen . This loop distortion is caused by the voltage drop time of the output signal of the DC switch of the Rx link being too long.
相對的,若是Tx鏈路也使用DC switch來控制功率放大器(Power Amplifier,PA)的給電與否,而DC switch輸出電壓DC switch Vout下降緩慢,那麼在Tx控制信號Tx Enable Signal關閉且Rx控制信號Rx Enable Signal開啟的切換區間內同樣會產生回路失真,如第1B圖所示。In contrast, if the Tx link also uses a DC switch to control the power supply of the Power Amplifier (PA), and the DC switch output voltage DC switch Vout drops slowly, then the Tx control signal Tx Enable Signal is turned off and the Rx control signal is turned off. Loop distortion is also generated in the switching interval that Rx Enable Signal is turned on, as shown in Figure 1B.
因此,如果控制低噪音放大器LNA或功率放大器PA的開關電路設計不良,其電壓下降時間太長而超過保護時間tguard 的話,不管操作在Tx狀態還是Rx狀態,在Tx/Rx切換的過程中,都會產生嚴重的回路失真。Therefore, if the switching circuit of the low noise amplifier LNA or the power amplifier PA is poorly designed, the voltage drop time is too long and exceeds the guard time t guard , regardless of whether the operation is in the Tx state or the Rx state, during the Tx/Rx switching process. Both can cause serious loop distortion.
針對現有技術中存在的問題,本發明提供了一種增強Tx/Rx切換區間隔離度的電路,可大幅縮短開關電路的電壓下降時間,同時,該增強隔離度的電路還提供了保護機制避免發射鏈路和接收鏈路同時工作,徹底解決了回路失真問題。In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a circuit for enhancing the isolation of the Tx/Rx switching interval, which can greatly shorten the voltage drop time of the switching circuit, and at the same time, the circuit for enhancing the isolation also provides a protection mechanism to avoid the transmission chain. The road and the receiving link work at the same time, completely solving the loop distortion problem.
為了達到上述目的,本發明提供了一種增強隔離度電路,用於增強Tx鏈路和Rx鏈路切換區間的隔離度,所述Tx鏈路和所述Rx鏈路的工作與否分別受控於Tx控制信號和Rx控制信號,所述Tx/Rx控制信號關閉後等待一保護時間再開啟所述Rx/Tx控制信號,所述增強隔離度電路包括一供電 電路,所述供電電路受控於所述Tx/Rx控制信號,在所述Tx/Rx控制信號使能時,對所述Tx/Rx鏈路供電,在所述Tx/Rx控制信號不使能時,對所述Tx/Rx鏈路斷電,其特徵在於,還包括:一放電電路,所述放電電路與所述供電電路的該電壓輸出端相連,所述放電電路的工作與否受控於所述Tx/Rx控制信號;以及一反相電路,所述反相電路連接在所述Tx/Rx控制信號和所述放電電路之間,用於將所述Tx/Rx控制信號作反相處理後再控制所述放電電路,從而在所述Tx/Rx控制信號使能時,所述放電電路不工作,在所述Tx/Rx控制信號不使能時,所述放電電路對所述供電電路的該電壓輸出端進行放電。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an enhanced isolation circuit for enhancing the isolation of a Tx link and an Rx link switching interval, and the operation of the Tx link and the Rx link is controlled by a Tx control signal and an Rx control signal, the Tx/Rx control signal being turned off, waiting for a guard time to turn on the Rx/Tx control signal, the enhanced isolation circuit including a power supply a circuit, the power supply circuit is controlled by the Tx/Rx control signal, and when the Tx/Rx control signal is enabled, powering the Tx/Rx link, the Tx/Rx control signal is not enabled De-energizing the Tx/Rx link, further comprising: a discharge circuit connected to the voltage output end of the power supply circuit, the operation of the discharge circuit being controlled And the inverting circuit is connected between the Tx/Rx control signal and the discharging circuit for inverting the Tx/Rx control signal Controlling the discharge circuit after processing, such that when the Tx/Rx control signal is enabled, the discharge circuit does not operate, and when the Tx/Rx control signal is not enabled, the discharge circuit supplies the power The voltage output of the circuit is discharged.
進一步優選地,所述放電電路的放電時間小於所述保護時間。Further preferably, the discharge time of the discharge circuit is less than the protection time.
進一步優選地,所述放電電路包括一n-MOS,其源極接地,汲極與所述供電電路的該電壓輸出端相連,閘極通過所述反相電路與所述Tx/Rx控制信號相連。Further preferably, the discharge circuit comprises an n-MOS having a source grounded, a drain connected to the voltage output of the power supply circuit, and a gate connected to the Tx/Rx control signal via the inverter circuit .
可替換地,所述放電電路包括一npn-BJT,其射極接地,集極與所述供電電路的該電壓輸出端相連,基極通過所述反相電路與所述Tx/Rx控制信號相連。Alternatively, the discharge circuit includes an npn-BJT whose emitter is grounded, the collector is connected to the voltage output of the power supply circuit, and the base is connected to the Tx/Rx control signal through the inverter circuit. .
進一步優選地,所述反相電路為一反相器。Further preferably, the inverter circuit is an inverter.
可替換地,所述放電電路包括第二n-MOS和第二電阻,所述第二n-MOS的源極接地,汲極與所述供電電路的該電壓輸出端相連,所述第二電阻連接在所述第二n-MOS的閘極和地之間; 所述反相電路包括第三p-MOS,其源極連接電源,閘極連接所述Tx/Rx控制信號,汲極連接所述第二n-MOS的所述閘極。Alternatively, the discharge circuit includes a second n-MOS and a second resistor, a source of the second n-MOS is grounded, and a drain is connected to the voltage output of the power supply circuit, the second resistor Connected between the gate of the second n-MOS and the ground; The inverter circuit includes a third p-MOS having a source connected to the power source, a gate connected to the Tx/Rx control signal, and a drain connected to the gate of the second n-MOS.
進一步優選地,所述增強隔離度電路還包括一延遲電路,其中,所述供電電路包括第一p-MOS和第一電阻,所述第一p-MOS的源極連接電源,汲極為所述供電電路的該電壓輸出端,所述第一電阻連接在該電源和所述第一p-MOS的閘極之間;所述延遲電路包括第四n-MOS和第四電阻,所述第四n-MOS的閘極連接所述Tx/Rx控制信號,汲極與所述第一p-MOS的該閘極相連,源極與所述Rx/Tx鏈路的該電壓輸出端相連,所述第四電阻連接在所述第四n-MOS的源極和地之間。Further preferably, the enhanced isolation circuit further includes a delay circuit, wherein the power supply circuit includes a first p-MOS and a first resistor, and a source of the first p-MOS is connected to a power source, a voltage output end of the power supply circuit, the first resistor being connected between the power source and the gate of the first p-MOS; the delay circuit comprising a fourth n-MOS and a fourth resistor, the fourth a gate of the n-MOS is coupled to the Tx/Rx control signal, a drain is coupled to the gate of the first p-MOS, and a source is coupled to the voltage output of the Rx/Tx link, A fourth resistor is coupled between the source of the fourth n-MOS and ground.
進一步優選地,所述第一電阻的阻值大於等於10kΩ,小於等於20kΩ,所述第二電阻的阻值大於等於10kΩ,小於等於20kΩ,所述第四電阻的阻值大於等於1kΩ,小於等於3kΩ。Further preferably, the resistance of the first resistor is greater than or equal to 10 kΩ, and is less than or equal to 20 kΩ, and the resistance of the second resistor is greater than or equal to 10 kΩ, less than or equal to 20 kΩ, and the resistance of the fourth resistor is greater than or equal to 1 kΩ, less than or equal to 3kΩ.
本發明的效果在於:本發明引入一放電路徑,在控制信號為低電平時,可迅速將電子開關的電壓降至關閉狀態,從而縮短了電壓的關閉延遲時間,有效抑制Tx/Rx切換區間的回路失真現象發生,大幅度提高了隔離度。同時本發明還提供了檢測和延遲的保護機制,對上一狀態的電壓是否完全關閉進行檢測,待徹底關閉後再輸出下一狀態的電壓,即針對延遲斷電的情況讓輸出電壓也相對應的延後輸出,從而通過延長保護時間提高Tx/Rx鏈路的隔離度,徹底抑制回路失真現象。The effect of the invention is that the invention introduces a discharge path, and when the control signal is low level, the voltage of the electronic switch can be quickly reduced to a closed state, thereby shortening the voltage off-delay time and effectively suppressing the Tx/Rx switching interval. Loop distortion occurs and the isolation is greatly improved. At the same time, the invention also provides a protection mechanism for detecting and delaying, detecting whether the voltage of the previous state is completely turned off, and then outputting the voltage of the next state after being completely turned off, that is, the output voltage is also corresponding to the case of delayed power-off. Delayed output, thereby increasing the isolation of the Tx/Rx link by extending the protection time, completely suppressing loop distortion.
10‧‧‧供電電路10‧‧‧Power supply circuit
20‧‧‧放電電路20‧‧‧Discharge circuit
30‧‧‧反相電路30‧‧‧Inverter circuit
31‧‧‧反相器31‧‧‧Inverter
40‧‧‧延遲電路40‧‧‧Delay circuit
第1A和1B圖係現有技術中產生回路失真的示意圖。Figures 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams showing loop distortion in the prior art.
第2圖係本發明之電路示意圖。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the present invention.
第3圖係本發明實施例1之電路示意圖。Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
第4圖係本發明實施例2之電路示意圖。Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
第5圖係本發明實施例3之電路示意圖。Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
第6圖係本發明實施例4之電路示意圖。Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
第7圖係本發明應用在NxN WLAN射頻前端電路中之示意圖。Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to an NxN WLAN radio frequency front end circuit.
下面結合附圖對本發明作進一步詳細說明。The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第2圖係本發明之增強隔離度電路示意圖,所述增強隔離度電路除了常規的供電電路10,還包括一放電電路20,供電電路10的電壓輸出端Vout與放電電路20的輸入端相連接。該供電電路10和放電電路20受控於同一控制信號,當控制信號使能時,供電電路10開始供電,反之,當控制信號不使能時,放電電路20開始進行放電,從而縮短供電電路10的電壓下降時間,若放電電路20的放電時間小於Tx/Rx鏈路的保護時間tguard ,就可達到增強隔離度的目的。2 is a schematic diagram of the enhanced isolation circuit of the present invention. The enhanced isolation circuit includes a discharge circuit 20 in addition to the conventional power supply circuit 10, and the voltage output terminal Vout of the power supply circuit 10 is connected to the input end of the discharge circuit 20. . The power supply circuit 10 and the discharge circuit 20 are controlled by the same control signal. When the control signal is enabled, the power supply circuit 10 starts to supply power. Conversely, when the control signal is not enabled, the discharge circuit 20 starts to discharge, thereby shortening the power supply circuit 10. The voltage drop time, if the discharge time of the discharge circuit 20 is less than the protection time t guard of the Tx/Rx link, the purpose of enhancing the isolation can be achieved.
該增強隔離度電路用於在Tx/Rx鏈路中增強Tx/Rx切換區間的隔離度,其中控制供電電路10和放電電路20是否工作的控制信號為控制Tx/Rx工作狀態的Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal。The enhanced isolation circuit is for enhancing the isolation of the Tx/Rx switching interval in the Tx/Rx link, wherein the control signal for controlling whether the power supply circuit 10 and the discharging circuit 20 operate is Tx/Rx control for controlling the Tx/Rx operating state. Signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal.
所述增強隔離度電路還包括一反相電路30,反相電路30連接 在控制信號和放電電路20之間,用於將Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal作反相處理後再控制放電電路20,從而在Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal使能時,放電電路20不工作;在Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal不使能時,放電電路20對供電電路10的電壓輸出端Vout進行放電。The enhanced isolation circuit further includes an inverter circuit 30, and the inverter circuit 30 is connected Between the control signal and the discharge circuit 20, the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal is used for inverting processing, and then the discharge circuit 20 is controlled, so that when the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal is enabled, The discharge circuit 20 does not operate; when the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal is not enabled, the discharge circuit 20 discharges the voltage output terminal Vout of the power supply circuit 10.
實施例1Example 1
如第3圖所示,係本發明實施例1之電路示意圖,增強隔離度電路的供電電路10為一p-MOS,其源極連接電源VDD,放電電路20為一n-MOS,其源極接地,p-MOS的汲極為放電電路10的電壓輸出端Vout,其與n-MOS的汲極相連。As shown in FIG. 3, it is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The power supply circuit 10 of the enhanced isolation circuit is a p-MOS, the source of which is connected to the power supply VDD, and the discharge circuit 20 is an n-MOS, the source thereof. Grounded, the p-MOS 汲 is the voltage output terminal Vout of the discharge circuit 10, which is connected to the drain of the n-MOS.
反相電路30為一反相器31,Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal通過反相器31分別與p-MOS和n-MOS的閘極相連。The inverter circuit 30 is an inverter 31, and the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal is connected to the gates of the p-MOS and n-MOS through the inverter 31, respectively.
所述反相器31將Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal作反相處理,即將高電位反相成低電位再用來控制p-MOS與n-MOS的啟動與否。當Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal為高電位時,透過反相器31使得電位反相成低電位,此時,p-MOS通道開啟,供電電路10的輸出電壓端Vout有電壓輸出,同時,n-MOS通道關閉形同開路狀態;反之,當Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal為低電位時,透過反相器31使得電位反相成高電位,此時,p-MOS通道關閉,n-MOS通道開啟,輸出電壓端Vout通過n-MOS提供的接地路徑快速放電。The inverter 31 inverts the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal, that is, inverts the high potential to a low potential and then controls whether the p-MOS and the n-MOS are activated or not. When the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal is high, the potential is inverted to a low potential through the inverter 31. At this time, the p-MOS channel is turned on, and the output voltage terminal Vout of the power supply circuit 10 has a voltage output. At the same time, the n-MOS channel is turned off to be in an open state; conversely, when the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal is low, the potential is inverted to a high potential through the inverter 31, and at this time, the p-MOS channel When the n-MOS channel is turned off, the output voltage terminal Vout is quickly discharged through the ground path provided by the n-MOS.
需要指出的是,由於Tx控制信號Tx Enable Signal關閉後會等待一段保護時間tguard 再啟動Rx控制信號Rx Enable Signal,因此只有n-MOS的放電時間小於保護時間tguard ,才可避免回路失真現象。放電電路20的放電時間 包括n-MOS的電壓延遲時間tD 和電壓上升時間tR ,可得如下關係式:tguard >tD +tR (1)It should be noted that since the Tx control signal Tx Enable Signal is turned off, it will wait for a guard time t guard and then start the Rx control signal Rx Enable Signal. Therefore, only the discharge time of the n-MOS is less than the guard time t guard , and the loop distortion phenomenon can be avoided. . The discharge time of the discharge circuit 20 includes the voltage delay time t D of the n-MOS and the voltage rise time t R , and the following relationship can be obtained: t guard >t D +t R (1)
因此n-MOS的選擇必須滿足關係式(1)才能確保放電路徑能即時作用,進而避免回路失真現象。Therefore, the choice of n-MOS must satisfy the relationship (1) to ensure that the discharge path can act instantaneously, thereby avoiding loop distortion.
實施例2Example 2
如第4圖所示,係本發明實施例2之電路示意圖,增強隔離度電路的供電電路10為一pnp-BJT,其射極連接電源VDD,放電電路20為一npn-BJT,其射極接地,pnp-BJT的集極為放電電路10的電壓輸出端Vout,其與npn-BJT的集極相連。As shown in FIG. 4, it is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The power supply circuit 10 of the enhanced isolation circuit is a pnp-BJT, the emitter is connected to the power supply VDD, and the discharge circuit 20 is an npn-BJT, and its emitter Ground, the set of pnp-BJT is the voltage output terminal Vout of the discharge circuit 10, which is connected to the collector of the npn-BJT.
反相電路30為一反相器31,Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal通過反相器31分別與pnp-BJT和npn-BJT的基極相連。The inverter circuit 30 is an inverter 31, and the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal is connected to the bases of the pnp-BJT and npn-BJT through the inverter 31, respectively.
實施例2將實施例1中的p-MOS與n-MOS分別替換成pnp-BJT與npn-BJT,同樣可以達到縮短放電時間的效果。由於p-MOS與n-MOS的啟動必須先對閘極氧化層充電才能反轉通道極性,因此會存在電壓延遲時間tD ,如果使用npn-BJT則無電壓延遲時間tD ,即tD =0。當然,為了確保放電電路20能在保護時間tguard 內完成放電,npn-BJT的選擇必須滿足關係式(1)。In the second embodiment, the p-MOS and the n-MOS in the first embodiment are replaced with pnp-BJT and npn-BJT, respectively, and the effect of shortening the discharge time can be achieved. Since the p-MOS and n-MOS must be charged before the gate oxide layer can be charged to reverse the channel polarity, there will be a voltage delay time t D . If npn-BJT is used, there is no voltage delay time t D , ie t D = 0. Of course, in order to ensure that the discharge circuit 20 can complete the discharge within the guard time t guard , the selection of the npn-BJT must satisfy the relation (1).
實施例3Example 3
如第5圖所示,係本發明實施例3之電路示意圖,增強隔離度電路的供電電路10為一低壓差穩壓器(Low Drop-Out regulator,LDO),放電電路20為一n-MOS,其源極接地,汲極與供電電路10的電壓輸出端Vout相連。Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal與低壓差穩壓器LDO相連,控制低壓差穩壓器LDO是否供給電源,同時,Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal通過 一反相器31與n-MOS的閘極相連,控制放電電路20是否放電。As shown in FIG. 5, it is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The power supply circuit 10 of the enhanced isolation circuit is a Low Drop-Out regulator (LDO), and the discharge circuit 20 is an n-MOS. The source is grounded, and the drain is connected to the voltage output terminal Vout of the power supply circuit 10. The Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal is connected to the low dropout regulator LDO to control whether the low dropout regulator LDO is supplied with power. At the same time, the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal is passed. An inverter 31 is connected to the gate of the n-MOS to control whether the discharge circuit 20 is discharged.
當Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal為高電壓準位元時,低壓差穩壓器LDO可供給電源,當Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal為低電壓準位元時,低壓差穩壓器LDO關閉電源,此時Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal透過反相器31產生高電壓準位元,開啟n-MOS提供一放電路徑。為確保在保護時間tguard 內,輸出電壓端Vout可快速降為零電位,即完成放電而避免回路失真,LDO的電壓下降時間toff 需要小於保護時間tguard ,可得如下關係式:tguard >toff (2)When the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal is a high voltage level, the low dropout regulator LDO can supply power. When the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal is a low voltage level, the low dropout The regulator LDO turns off the power. At this time, the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal generates a high voltage level through the inverter 31, and turns on the n-MOS to provide a discharge path. In order to ensure that during the protection time t guard , the output voltage terminal Vout can be quickly reduced to zero potential, that is, the discharge is completed to avoid loop distortion. The voltage drop time t off of the LDO needs to be less than the guard time t guard , and the following relationship can be obtained: t guard >t off (2)
實施例4Example 4
本實例所提供的增強隔離度電路除了可提供放電路徑外,還增加了延遲保護機制,如第6圖所示,係本發明實施例4之電路示意圖,增強隔離度電路的供電電路10包括第一p-MOS Q1和第一電阻R1,第一p-MOS Q1的源極連接電源VDD,汲極為供電電路10的電壓輸出端Vout,第一電阻R1為一大電阻,連接在電源VDD和第一p-MOS Q1的閘極之間。其中,第一p-MOS Q1閘極的電壓為Von,源極與汲極間的電壓為VSD,流經第一電阻R1的電流為In。The enhanced isolation circuit provided by the present example adds a delay protection mechanism in addition to the discharge path. As shown in FIG. 6, it is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present invention. The power supply circuit 10 of the enhanced isolation circuit includes the a p-MOS Q1 and a first resistor R1, the source of the first p-MOS Q1 is connected to the power supply VDD, the voltage output terminal Vout of the power supply circuit 10 is extremely large, and the first resistor R1 is a large resistor connected to the power supply VDD and the first Between the gates of a p-MOS Q1. The voltage of the first p-MOS Q1 gate is Von, the voltage between the source and the drain is VSD, and the current flowing through the first resistor R1 is In.
放電電路20包括第二n-MOS Q2和第二電阻R2,第二n-MOS Q2的源極接地,汲極與供電電路10的電壓輸出端Vout相連,第二電阻R2為一大電阻,連接在第二n-MOS Q2的閘極和地之間,流經第二電阻R2的電流為IP 。The discharge circuit 20 includes a second n-MOS Q2 and a second resistor R2. The source of the second n-MOS Q2 is grounded, the drain is connected to the voltage output terminal Vout of the power supply circuit 10, and the second resistor R2 is a large resistor. Between the gate of the second n-MOS Q2 and ground, the current flowing through the second resistor R2 is I P .
反向電路30包括第三p-MOS Q3,其源極連接電源VDD,閘 極連接Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal,汲極連接第二n-MOS Q2的閘極。當Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal為低電位時,第三p-MOS Q3信號導通,由於第二電阻R2是大電阻,流經第二電阻R2的電流IP 相當微小,因此第二n-MOS Q2通道開啟,輸出電壓端Vout通過第二n-MOS Q2提供的接地路徑快速放電。The reverse circuit 30 includes a third p-MOS Q3 whose source is connected to the power supply VDD, the gate is connected to the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal, and the drain is connected to the gate of the second n-MOS Q2. When the Tx / Rx control signal Tx / Rx Enable Signal is low, the third p-MOS Q3 signal is turned on, since the resistance of the second resistor R2 is large, the current flowing through the second resistor R2 I P is quite small, so that the second The n-MOS Q2 channel is turned on, and the output voltage terminal Vout is quickly discharged through the ground path provided by the second n-MOS Q2.
增強隔離度電路還包括一延遲電路40,所述延遲電路40包括第四n-MOS Q4和第四電阻R4,第四n-MOS Q4的閘極連接Tx/Rx控制信號Tx/Rx Enable Signal,汲極與第一p-MOS Q1的閘極相連,汲極與源極間的電壓為VDS,第四電阻R4為一大電阻,連接在第四n-MOS Q4的源極和地之間。第四n-MOS Q4的源極與Rx/Tx鏈路的輸出電壓端Rx/Tx Vout相連,連接節點為保護檢測端Vpd,也就是說,當增強隔離度電路受控於Tx控制信號Tx Enable Signal時,保護檢測端Vpd與Rx鏈路的輸出電壓端Rx_Vout相連,反之,當增強隔離度電路受控於Rx控制信號Rx Enable Signal時,第四n-MOS Q4的源極與Tx鏈路的輸出電壓端Tx_Vout相連。The enhanced isolation circuit further includes a delay circuit 40 including a fourth n-MOS Q4 and a fourth resistor R4, and a gate of the fourth n-MOS Q4 is connected to the Tx/Rx control signal Tx/Rx Enable Signal, The drain is connected to the gate of the first p-MOS Q1, the voltage between the drain and the source is VDS, and the fourth resistor R4 is a large resistor connected between the source of the fourth n-MOS Q4 and the ground. The source of the fourth n-MOS Q4 is connected to the output voltage terminal Rx/Tx Vout of the Rx/Tx link, and the connection node is the protection detection terminal Vpd, that is, when the enhanced isolation circuit is controlled by the Tx control signal Tx Enable In the case of Signal, the protection detection terminal Vpd is connected to the output voltage terminal Rx_Vout of the Rx link, and conversely, when the enhanced isolation circuit is controlled by the Rx control signal Rx Enable Signal, the source of the fourth n-MOS Q4 and the Tx link The output voltage terminal Tx_Vout is connected.
本實施例中的增強隔離度電路工作原理如下:第一p-MOS Q1為供電電路10的開關元件,第二n-MOS Q2為放電電路20的開關元件,第三p-MOS Q3及第四n-MOS Q4起反相作用並整合保護機制。以增強隔離度電路應用在Rx鏈路上為例,如第6圖所示,電壓輸出端Vout完全受控於Rx控制信號Rx Enable Signal,當Rx控制信號Rx Enable Signal大於第四n-MOS Q4的臨界電壓時,第四n-MOS Q4的n通道導通,此時Von=VDS+Vpd (3)The working principle of the enhanced isolation circuit in this embodiment is as follows: the first p-MOS Q1 is a switching element of the power supply circuit 10, the second n-MOS Q2 is a switching element of the discharging circuit 20, and the third p-MOS Q3 and the fourth The n-MOS Q4 acts as a reversal and integrates the protection mechanism. Taking the enhanced isolation circuit applied to the Rx link as an example, as shown in FIG. 6, the voltage output terminal Vout is completely controlled by the Rx control signal Rx Enable Signal, when the Rx control signal Rx Enable Signal is greater than the fourth n-MOS Q4. At the threshold voltage, the n-channel of the fourth n-MOS Q4 is turned on, at which time Von=VDS+Vpd (3)
Vpd=InR4 (4)Vpd=InR4 (4)
In=(VDD-VDS)/(R1+R4) (5)In=(VDD-VDS)/(R1+R4) (5)
關係式(5)忽略第四n-MOS Q4導通電阻的影響,由於第一電阻R1與第四電阻R4為大電阻使得流通至第一電阻R1與第四R4的電流In相當微小,且由關係式(5)可知,通過提高第一電阻R1的電阻值可降低電流In,其中第一電阻R1的阻值應在如下範圍:10kΩ≦R1≦20kΩ (6)The relation (5) ignores the influence of the fourth n-MOS Q4 on-resistance, and since the first resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R4 have a large resistance, the current In flowing to the first resistor R1 and the fourth R4 is relatively small, and the relationship is Equation (5) shows that the current In can be reduced by increasing the resistance value of the first resistor R1, wherein the resistance of the first resistor R1 should be in the following range: 10 kΩ ≦ R1 ≦ 20 kΩ (6)
同時考慮到保護檢測端Vpd接至Tx鏈路的輸出電壓端Tx_Vout,當Tx鏈路的輸出電壓端Tx_Vout為供電狀態時,第四電阻R4的阻值應當大小適中,因為太大會影響第四n-MOS Q4的正常操作,太小會產生嚴重的汲電流消耗,因此第四電阻R4阻值的選擇上應為:1kΩ≦R4≦3kΩ (7)Considering that the protection detection terminal Vpd is connected to the output voltage terminal Tx_Vout of the Tx link, when the output voltage terminal Tx_Vout of the Tx link is in the power supply state, the resistance of the fourth resistor R4 should be moderatelysized, because too large will affect the fourth n. - MOS Q4 normal operation, too small will produce severe 汲 current consumption, so the fourth resistor R4 resistance should be selected: 1kΩ ≦ R4 ≦ 3kΩ (7)
因此在第一電阻R1與第四電阻R4滿足關係式(6)與(7)的情況下,保護檢測端Vpd會趨近於0,因此當第四n-MOS Q4被打開,Von的電壓可近似為VDS,此時VDS-VDD會小於第一p-MOS Q1的臨界電壓並將第一p-MOS Q1開啟,最後Vout=VDD-VSD (8)Therefore, in the case where the first resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R4 satisfy the relations (6) and (7), the protection detecting terminal Vpd will approach 0, so when the fourth n-MOS Q4 is turned on, the voltage of Von can be Approximate to VDS, VDS-VDD will be less than the threshold voltage of the first p-MOS Q1 and the first p-MOS Q1 will be turned on, and finally Vout=VDD-VSD (8)
此外,在第二電阻R2電阻值的選擇上其原則與第一電阻R1相同,大電阻有利於電流IP 變小減少不必要的功耗,因此第二電阻R2的電阻值範圍為:10kΩ≦R2≦20kΩ (9)In addition, the principle of the second resistor R2 is the same as that of the first resistor R1. The large resistor is beneficial to reduce the current I P to reduce unnecessary power consumption. Therefore, the resistance of the second resistor R2 ranges from 10 kΩ. R2≦20kΩ (9)
本實施例最佳電阻值為:R1=10kΩ、R2=10kΩ、R4=3kΩThe optimum resistance value of this embodiment is: R1=10kΩ, R2=10kΩ, R4=3kΩ
儘管引入放電路徑加速放電,但是仍無法確保Tx鏈路和Rx 鏈路不會同時工作,因此需要延遲電路40針對延遲關閉的情況讓輸出電壓端Vout也相對應的延後輸出,即通過延長保護時間徹底提高Tx/Rx鏈路的隔離度,進而抑制回路失真現象。仍以本實施例應用在接收鏈路Rx上為例,在第四n-MOS Q4的源極接上Tx鏈路的輸出電壓端Tx_Vout,其作用在於檢測Tx鏈路中輸出電壓端Tx_Vout的電壓準位元,若有電壓輸出會使得Rx控制信號Rx Enable Signal無法開啟第四n-MOS Q4,第一p-MOS Q1也同時被關閉,這樣就能延後輸出電壓端Vout的電壓輸出,進而達到抑制回路失真的目的。Although the discharge path is introduced to accelerate the discharge, the Tx link and Rx cannot be ensured. The link does not work at the same time, so the delay circuit 40 is required to delay the output voltage terminal Vout correspondingly, that is, the delay of the Tx/Rx link is completely improved by extending the protection time, thereby suppressing the loop distortion. phenomenon. For example, the present embodiment is applied to the receiving link Rx. The source of the fourth n-MOS Q4 is connected to the output voltage terminal Tx_Vout of the Tx link, and the function thereof is to detect the voltage of the output voltage terminal Tx_Vout in the Tx link. Quasi-bit, if there is voltage output, the Rx control signal Rx Enable Signal can not turn on the fourth n-MOS Q4, the first p-MOS Q1 is also turned off at the same time, so that the voltage output of the output voltage terminal Vout can be delayed, and then The purpose of suppressing loop distortion is achieved.
本實施例應用于Tx鏈路中的工作原理同上。The working principle of this embodiment applied to the Tx link is the same as above.
第7圖係本發明應用在NxN WLAN射頻前端電路中之示意圖,NxN WLAN射頻前端電路包括N組射頻鏈路,每一組射頻鏈路中的Rx鏈路和Tx鏈路分別對應連接一單刀雙擲開關(Single Pole Double Throw,SPDT)的兩個獨立埠,而該SPDT的公共埠與一天線Ant相連接。每個Rx鏈路包括一個低雜訊放大器LNA,每個Tx鏈路包括一個功率放大器PA。N組Rx鏈路Rx 1-Rx N共用一Rx控制信號Rx Enable Signal控制N個低雜訊放大器LNA的狀態,N組Tx鏈路Tx 1-Tx N共用一Tx控制信號Tx Enable Signal控制N個功率放大器PA的狀態。Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to an NxN WLAN radio frequency front-end circuit. The NxN WLAN radio front-end circuit includes N sets of radio frequency links, and the Rx link and the Tx link in each set of radio link are respectively connected to a single-pole pair. Two independent ports of the Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT), and the common 埠 of the SPDT is connected to an antenna Ant. Each Rx link includes a low noise amplifier LNA, and each Tx link includes a power amplifier PA. N sets of Rx links Rx 1-Rx N share a Rx control signal Rx Enable Signal controls the state of N low noise amplifier LNAs, N sets of Tx links Tx 1-Tx N share a Tx control signal Tx Enable Signal control N The state of the power amplifier PA.
本發明所提供的增強隔離度電路分別用於Rx鏈路和Tx鏈路中來提高隔離度。如第7圖所示,用於控制N組Rx鏈路Rx 1-Rx N中低雜訊放大器LNA供電與放電的為具有增強隔離度電路的Rx開關電路Rx Switch,用於控制N組Tx鏈路Tx 1-Tx N中功率放大器PA供電與放電的為具有增強隔離度電路的Tx開關電路Tx Switch。所述Rx開關電路Rx Switch受控於Rx控制信 號Rx Enable Signal,其電壓輸出端Rx_Vout分別與N個LNA相連,其保護檢測端Rx_Vpd連接Tx開關電路Tx Switch的電壓輸出端Tx_Vout;所述Tx開關電路Tx Switch受控於Tx控制信號Tx Enable Signal,其電壓輸出端Tx_Vout分別與N個PA相連,其保護檢測端Tx_Vpd連接Rx開關電路Rx Switch的電壓輸出端Rx_Vout。The enhanced isolation circuit provided by the present invention is used in the Rx link and the Tx link, respectively, to improve isolation. As shown in Figure 7, the Rx switch circuit Rx Switch with enhanced isolation circuit is used to control the N-group Rx link Rx 1-Rx N low-noise amplifier LNA power supply and discharge, used to control the N-group Tx chain. The Tx 1-Tx N power amplifier PA is powered and discharged by a Tx switch circuit Tx Switch with an enhanced isolation circuit. The Rx switch circuit Rx Switch is controlled by the Rx control letter No. Rx Enable Signal, whose voltage output terminal Rx_Vout is respectively connected to N LNAs, and its protection detecting terminal Rx_Vpd is connected to the voltage output terminal Tx_Vout of the Tx switching circuit Tx Switch; the Tx switching circuit Tx Switch is controlled by the Tx control signal Tx Enable Signal The voltage output terminal Tx_Vout is respectively connected to the N PAs, and the protection detecting terminal Tx_Vpd is connected to the voltage output terminal Rx_Vout of the Rx switch circuit Rx Switch.
Rx開關電路Rx Switch和Tx開關電路Tx Switch所具有的放電路徑,提升了Rx/Tx鏈路的隔離度。並且由於Rx開關電路Rx Switch的保護檢測端Rx_Vpd連接Tx開關電路Tx Switch的電壓輸出端Tx_Vout,以判斷Tx開關電路Tx Switch的電壓輸出端Tx_Vout是否給電,若是Rx開關電路Rx Switch的保護檢測端Rx_Vpd讀取到Tx開關電路Tx Switch的電壓輸出端Tx_Vout為高電位,則Rx開關電路Rx Switch的電壓輸出端Rx_Vout中斷電壓輸出,反之亦然,從而徹底避免了Rx鏈路和Tx鏈路同時工作的情況,解決了回路失真問題,進而提升上下行的吞吐量。The discharge path of the Rx switch circuit Rx Switch and the Tx switch circuit Tx Switch improves the isolation of the Rx/Tx link. And the protection detection terminal Rx_Vpd of the Rx switch circuit Rx Switch is connected to the voltage output terminal Tx_Vout of the Tx switch circuit Tx Switch to determine whether the voltage output terminal Tx_Vout of the Tx switch circuit Tx Switch is powered, if the Rx switch circuit Rx Switch protection detection terminal Rx_Vpd When the voltage output terminal Tx_Vout of the Tx switch circuit Tx Switch is read to be high, the voltage output terminal Rx_Vout of the Rx switch circuit Rx Switch interrupts the voltage output, and vice versa, thereby completely avoiding the simultaneous operation of the Rx link and the Tx link. In this case, the loop distortion problem is solved, thereby improving the throughput of the uplink and the downlink.
本發明中,供電電路10在具體應用中可有多種方式,放電電路20的實現方式不受到供電電路10的影響,只是不同的放電電路20可能需要搭配相應的反相電路30以實現發明目的。In the present invention, the power supply circuit 10 can be implemented in various ways in a specific application. The implementation of the discharge circuit 20 is not affected by the power supply circuit 10, but different discharge circuits 20 may need to be matched with the corresponding inverter circuit 30 to achieve the object of the invention.
需要注意的是,以上內容是結合具體的實施方式對本發明所作的進一步詳細說明,不能認定本發明的具體實施方式僅限於此,在本發明的上述指導下,本領域技術人員可以在上述實施例的基礎上進行各種等效修飾和變形,而這些等效修飾或者變形落在本發明的申請專利範圍內。It should be noted that the above description is a detailed description of the present invention in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, and the specific embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art may Various equivalent modifications and variations are possible on the basis of the invention, and such equivalent modifications or modifications fall within the scope of the invention.
10‧‧‧供電電路10‧‧‧Power supply circuit
20‧‧‧放電電路20‧‧‧Discharge circuit
30‧‧‧反相電路30‧‧‧Inverter circuit
40‧‧‧延遲電路40‧‧‧Delay circuit
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| CN101114840A (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2008-01-30 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A method and device for improving mobile terminal transceiver isolation |
| US8103221B2 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2012-01-24 | National Ict Australia Limited | High-isolation transmit/receive switch on CMOS for millimeter-wave applications |
| TW201330505A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-07-16 | System General Corp | Isolation interface circuit for power management |
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| TW201517529A (en) | 2015-05-01 |
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