TWI404451B - Organic light emitting diode (oled) color tuning layer - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種有機電發光裝置，特別是有關於一種具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置。 The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device, and more particularly to an organic electroluminescent device having a color conversion layer.
目前，白光有機電發光元件係以多層發光層的方式產生，如中華民國專利號I293234、I292232及I288578，其係以多層發光層的方式產生，諸如以黃光加藍光的雙波段發光層，或是以紅、綠、藍三原色的三波段白光產生方法，惟此些技術製作有機發光二極體時必須調整各層發光層之厚度與主體材料與客體材料之參雜比例，且元件結構複雜，並有較高之操作電壓。另亦有習知單層多參雜的白光產生方式或共振腔的白光產生方式，惟其技術實行上較為困難。而中華民國專利號530519係揭露一搭配色彩轉換層以產生白光之技術，雖已有文獻提及，然而該方法僅利用一單色藍光光源，搭配一放黃光的色彩轉換層，利用互補色的概念以產生白光。此一系統由於缺乏紅光的組成，因此和自然界的光源相異甚大，演色性較其他習知技術更為不佳。中華民國專利號I228325係以兩個發光元件經電性串聯的白光產生方法。其中一元件將會產生單色光，而另一元件產生雙色混和光，將之串聯後可得一三原色混合之白光系統。以此技術製作雖然可以擁有很高的效率，然而元件結構較為複雜，且其操作電壓亦過高。 At present, white organic electroluminescent elements are produced in the form of a plurality of luminescent layers, such as the Republic of China Patent Nos. I293234, I292232 and I288578, which are produced in the form of a plurality of luminescent layers, such as a dual-band luminescent layer with yellow light and blue light, or The three-band white light generation method of red, green and blue primary colors, but the techniques for fabricating the organic light-emitting diode must adjust the thickness of each layer of the light-emitting layer and the mixing ratio of the host material and the guest material, and the component structure is complicated, and Has a higher operating voltage. There are also known white light generation methods for single-layer multi-doping or white light generation for resonant cavities, but the technical implementation is more difficult. The Republic of China Patent No. 530519 discloses a technique for aligning a color conversion layer to produce white light. Although it has been mentioned in the literature, the method uses only a monochromatic blue light source with a yellow color conversion layer, using complementary colors. The concept of producing white light. Due to the lack of red light, this system is quite different from the natural light source, and its color rendering is worse than other conventional techniques. The Republic of China Patent No. I228325 is a white light generating method in which two light emitting elements are electrically connected in series. One of the components will produce monochromatic light, while the other component will produce two-color mixed light, which will be connected in series to obtain a white light system with a mixture of three primary colors. Although this technology can be manufactured with high efficiency, the component structure is complicated and the operating voltage is too high.
有鑑於上述習知技藝之問題，本發明之目的就是在提供一種具色彩轉換層 之有機電發光裝置，以解決習知技術之各項問題。 In view of the above problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a color conversion layer The organic electroluminescent device solves the problems of the prior art.
根據本發明之目的，提出一種具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置，其包含一有機電發光元件及一色彩轉換層，有機電發光元件係包含一基板、一第一電極、一電洞傳輸層、至少一發光層、一電洞阻擋層、一電子傳輸層及一第二電極。第一電極係形成於基板之一側，電洞傳輸層係形成於第一電極之上，發光層係形成於電洞傳輸層之上，電洞阻擋層係形成於發光層之上，電子傳輸層係形成於電洞阻擋層之上，第二電極，係設形成於電洞阻擋層之上，色彩轉換層係位於有機電發光元件上。其中，當一電流施加於有機電發光元件，有機電發光元件係放出一第一區段光，色彩轉換層經第一區段光激發後，可以產生一第二區段光，並使該第一區段光與第二區段光混合以產生一混合光。 According to an object of the present invention, an organic electroluminescent device having a color conversion layer includes an organic electroluminescent device and a color conversion layer, the organic electroluminescent device comprising a substrate, a first electrode, and a hole transport layer At least one luminescent layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode. The first electrode is formed on one side of the substrate, the hole transport layer is formed on the first electrode, the light emitting layer is formed on the hole transport layer, and the hole blocking layer is formed on the light emitting layer, and the electron transport is performed. The layer is formed on the hole blocking layer, the second electrode is formed on the hole blocking layer, and the color conversion layer is located on the organic electroluminescent element. Wherein, when a current is applied to the organic electroluminescent element, the organic electroluminescent element emits a first segment of light, and after the color conversion layer is excited by the first segment of light, a second segment of light can be generated and the A section of light is mixed with the second section of light to produce a mixed light.
此有機電發光裝置之結構不限制於上發光、下發光或雙側發光。本發明係利用多波段白光之形式並搭配一色彩轉換層，利用此一技術及製造方法，和利用一單色藍光光源，搭配一放黃光的色彩轉換層元件的方法相較起來，具有更高效率與演色性。且本發明可進一步修正多波段白光之整體效率，以使其更適合於照明上的應用。 The structure of the organic electroluminescence device is not limited to the upper luminescence, the lower luminescence, or the double luminescence. The invention utilizes the form of multi-band white light and is matched with a color conversion layer, and the method and the manufacturing method are utilized, and the method of using a monochromatic blue light source and a yellow color conversion layer component is compared. High efficiency and color rendering. Moreover, the present invention can further correct the overall efficiency of multi-band white light to make it more suitable for lighting applications.
承上所述，依本發明之具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置，其可具有一或多個下述優點： In view of the above, an organic electroluminescent device having a color conversion layer according to the present invention may have one or more of the following advantages:
(1)此具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置僅需要單色光源有機發光二極體結構，搭配此一外部色彩轉換材料，利用互補色之原理，即可以達成白光，大幅的簡化元件的製作技術。 (1) The organic electroluminescent device with the color conversion layer only needs a monochromatic light source organic light emitting diode structure, and with this external color conversion material, the principle of complementary color can be used to achieve white light and greatly simplify the fabrication of components. technology.
(2)此具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置可搭配一多波段的白光元件系統，以進一步提升整體元件的效率與演色性，以使的其更適合於照明上的應用 。 (2) The organic electroluminescent device with color conversion layer can be combined with a multi-band white light component system to further improve the efficiency and color rendering of the overall component, so that it is more suitable for lighting applications. .
(3)此具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置可應用在上發光之有機電激發光元件結構，減少微共振腔的效應。 (3) The organic electroluminescent device with the color conversion layer can be applied to the structure of the organic light-emitting element that emits light, thereby reducing the effect of the micro-resonator.
11‧‧‧基板 11‧‧‧Substrate
111‧‧‧出光面 111‧‧‧Glossy surface
112‧‧‧有角度反射面 112‧‧‧An angled reflective surface
113‧‧‧反射層 113‧‧‧reflective layer
12‧‧‧第一電極 12‧‧‧First electrode
13‧‧‧電洞傳輸層 13‧‧‧ hole transport layer
14‧‧‧發光層 14‧‧‧Lighting layer
141‧‧‧第一發光層 141‧‧‧First luminescent layer
142‧‧‧第二發光層 142‧‧‧second luminescent layer
15‧‧‧電洞阻擋層 15‧‧‧ hole barrier
16‧‧‧電子傳輸層 16‧‧‧Electronic transport layer
17‧‧‧第二電極 17‧‧‧second electrode
18‧‧‧色彩轉換層 18‧‧‧Color conversion layer
19‧‧‧第一區段光 19‧‧‧First section of light
191‧‧‧混合光 191‧‧‧ mixed light
192‧‧‧第二區段光 192‧‧‧Second section light
193‧‧‧第三區段光 193‧‧‧The third section of light
第1圖係為本發明之具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置之第一實施例示意圖；第2圖係為本發明之具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置之第二實施例示意圖；第3圖係為本發明之具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置之第三實施例示意圖；第4圖係為本發明之具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置之第四實施例示意圖；以及第5圖係為本發明之具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置之第五實施例示意圖。 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of an organic electroluminescent device having a color conversion layer according to the present invention; and FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of an organic electroluminescent device having a color conversion layer according to the present invention; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of an organic electroluminescent device having a color conversion layer according to the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a fourth embodiment of an organic electroluminescent device having a color conversion layer according to the present invention; A schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of an organic electroluminescent device having a color conversion layer of the present invention.
請參閱第1圖，其係為本發明之具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置之第一實施例示意圖。圖中，具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置，其包含一有機電發光元件及一色彩轉換層18。有機電發光元件係包含一基板11、一第一電極12、一電洞傳輸層13、至少一發光層14、一電洞阻擋層15、一電子傳輸層16及一第二電極17。第一電極12係形成於基板11之一側，電洞傳輸層13係形成於第一電極12之上，發光層14係形成於電洞傳輸層13之上，電洞阻擋層15係形成於發光層14之上，電子傳輸層16係形成於電洞阻擋層15之上，第二電極17係設形成於電洞阻擋層15之上，色彩轉換層18係位於有機電發光元件之外部。其中，有機電發光元件更包含一出光面111，且色彩轉換層18係形成於出光面111上，並平行於有機電發光元件。當一電流施加於有機電發光元件時，有機電發光元件係放出一第一區段光19，色彩轉換層18經第一區段光19激發後，可以產生一第二區段光192，並使第一區段光19與第二區段光192混合以產生一混合光191。其中，色彩轉換層18之厚度範圍係 6μm~10μm之間且其歸一化強度範圍為0.5wt%~1wt%。此有機電發光元件係為一有機電發光二極體，基板11材質可為玻璃、金屬或塑膠，發光層14材料係為紅、藍、綠等發光材料，其更包含一藍色發光材料或紫外光發光材料。發光層14係包含至少一複合層，此複合層係以相同的或不同之一主體材料所組成，各複合層分別參雜不同濃度及種類之一客體材料，此客體材料可為螢光或磷光材料，再者，發光層14係置入其它不含主體材料或客體材料之物質以調整其結合區與發光波譜，如此即可達到調整混合光之效果。色彩轉換層18之組成為無機螢光粉物質或為有機的染料，色彩轉換層18係溶解或參雜於一特定材料之內以形成薄膜，色彩轉換層18之吸收波長係包含紫外光至藍光的吸收波段，並以較長波長之形式放出。 Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an organic electroluminescent device with a color conversion layer according to the present invention. In the figure, an organic electroluminescent device having a color conversion layer includes an organic electroluminescent element and a color conversion layer 18. The organic electroluminescent device comprises a substrate 11, a first electrode 12, a hole transport layer 13, at least one light emitting layer 14, a hole blocking layer 15, an electron transport layer 16, and a second electrode 17. The first electrode 12 is formed on one side of the substrate 11, the hole transport layer 13 is formed on the first electrode 12, the light emitting layer 14 is formed on the hole transport layer 13, and the hole blocking layer 15 is formed on the hole Above the light-emitting layer 14, an electron transport layer 16 is formed on the hole blocking layer 15, a second electrode 17 is formed on the hole blocking layer 15, and the color conversion layer 18 is located outside the organic electroluminescent element. The organic electroluminescent device further includes a light emitting surface 111, and the color conversion layer 18 is formed on the light emitting surface 111 and parallel to the organic electroluminescent element. When a current is applied to the organic electroluminescent element, the organic electroluminescent element emits a first segment of light 19, and after the color conversion layer 18 is excited by the first segment of light 19, a second segment of light 192 can be generated, and The first segment of light 19 is mixed with the second segment of light 192 to produce a mixed light 191. Wherein, the thickness range of the color conversion layer 18 is It is between 6 μm and 10 μm and its normalized intensity ranges from 0.5 wt% to 1 wt%. The organic electroluminescent device is an organic electroluminescent diode, the substrate 11 can be made of glass, metal or plastic, and the luminescent layer 14 is made of red, blue or green luminescent materials, and further comprises a blue luminescent material or Ultraviolet light luminescent material. The luminescent layer 14 comprises at least one composite layer, the composite layer is composed of the same or different ones of the host materials, and each composite layer is respectively mixed with one of different concentrations and kinds of guest materials, and the guest material may be fluorescent or phosphorescent. The material, in addition, the luminescent layer 14 is placed in other materials that do not contain the host material or the guest material to adjust the bonding region and the luminescence spectrum, so that the effect of adjusting the mixed light can be achieved. The color conversion layer 18 is composed of an inorganic phosphor material or an organic dye. The color conversion layer 18 is dissolved or mixed in a specific material to form a film. The absorption wavelength of the color conversion layer 18 includes ultraviolet light to blue light. The absorption band is emitted in the form of longer wavelengths.
請續參閱第2圖，其係為本發明之具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置之第二實施例示意圖。圖中，具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置係包含一色彩轉換層18及一有機電發光元件。有機電發光元件係包含上下兩個出光面111。色彩轉換層18係形成於出光面111上，並平行於有機電發光元件。當一電流施加於有機電發光元件時，有機電發光元件係放出一第一區段光19，位於有機電發光元件上部之色彩轉換層18經第一區段光19激發後，可以產生一第二區段光192，並使第一區段光19與第二區段光192混合以產生一混合光。而射入有機電發光元件下部之第一區段光19激發底部之色彩轉換層以產生第二區段光192，此第二區段光192係與第一區段光19混合以產生混合光191。 Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the organic electroluminescent device with color conversion layer of the present invention. In the figure, an organic electroluminescent device having a color conversion layer comprises a color conversion layer 18 and an organic electroluminescent element. The organic electroluminescent element includes two upper and lower light emitting surfaces 111. The color conversion layer 18 is formed on the light-emitting surface 111 and is parallel to the organic electroluminescent element. When a current is applied to the organic electroluminescent element, the organic electroluminescent element emits a first segment of light 19, and the color conversion layer 18 located at the upper portion of the organic electroluminescent element is excited by the first segment of light 19 to generate a first The two-segment light 192 combines the first segment light 19 with the second segment light 192 to produce a mixed light. The first segment of light 19 incident on the lower portion of the organic electroluminescent element excites the bottom color conversion layer to produce a second segment of light 192 that is mixed with the first segment of light 19 to produce a mixed light. 191.
請續參閱第3圖，其係為本發明之具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置之第三實施例示意圖。圖中，有機電發光元件更包含一出光面111，色彩轉換層18係設置於出光面111上，色彩轉換層18係於出光面111上形成於一有角度反射面112，有機電激發光二極體所發出之第一區段光19，經出光面111後照射 於有角度反射面112上，射入色彩轉轉換層18，藉以激發有角度反射面112產生第二區段光192，並以此第二區段光192與第一區段光19混合以形成混合光191，並由設置於有角度反射面112底部之反射層113反射以射出有機電發光元件之外部。 Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the organic electroluminescent device with color conversion layer of the present invention. In the figure, the organic electroluminescent device further includes a light emitting surface 111, and the color conversion layer 18 is disposed on the light emitting surface 111. The color conversion layer 18 is formed on the light emitting surface 111 on an angled reflecting surface 112, and the organic electroluminescent diode is The first segment of light 19 emitted by the body is illuminated by the light exiting surface 111 On the angled reflecting surface 112, the color conversion layer 18 is incident, thereby exciting the angled reflecting surface 112 to generate the second segment light 192, and the second segment light 192 is mixed with the first segment light 19 to form The light 191 is mixed and reflected by the reflective layer 113 disposed at the bottom of the angled reflecting surface 112 to emit the outside of the organic electroluminescent element.
綜合第1圖、第2圖及第3圖所述，本發明所揭露之具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置，其係以一有機電發光元件搭配一外部色彩轉換層18(External color tuning layer)以形成白光有機發光二極體元件。此一外部色彩轉換層18會部分吸收藍光至綠光的波譜，並以較長波長，黃綠光至橘紅光的形式放出。色彩轉換層18係將外部色彩轉換材料溶解於具有高透明度的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)高分子薄膜中，而後於有機電激發光二極體之出光面側達到需求的厚度，最後產生白光。本發明係進一步降低白光有機發光二極體之操作電壓，和提高功率效率之功用。 As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the organic electroluminescent device with color conversion layer disclosed in the present invention is characterized in that an organic electroluminescent element is combined with an external color conversion layer 18 (External color tuning layer). ) to form a white organic light emitting diode element. The external color conversion layer 18 partially absorbs the spectrum of blue to green light and emits it in the form of longer wavelengths, yellow-green to orange-red. The color conversion layer 18 dissolves the external color conversion material in a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer film having high transparency, and then reaches a desired thickness on the light-emitting side of the organic electroluminescence diode, and finally produces white light. . The invention further reduces the operating voltage of the white organic light-emitting diode and improves the power efficiency.
請參閱第4圖，其係為本發明之具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置之第四實施例示意圖。圖中，有機電發光裝置係包含一有機電發光元件及一色彩轉換層18。有機電發光元件係包含一基板11、一第一電極12、一電洞傳輸層13、一第一發光層141、一第二發光層142、一電洞阻擋層15、一電子傳輸層16及一第二電極17。其中，第一發光層141係發出一第一區段光19，第二發光層142係發出一第三區段光193，第一區段光19經過色彩轉換層18係激發一第二區段光192，第三區段光193經過色彩轉換層18不產生變化，其通過色彩轉換層18後直接射出，而後由第一區段光19、第二區段光192及第三區段光193三者係混合為一混合光191，且此混合光191係可為一混色白光。 Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of an organic electroluminescent device having a color conversion layer according to the present invention. In the figure, the organic electroluminescent device comprises an organic electroluminescent element and a color conversion layer 18. The organic electroluminescent device includes a substrate 11 , a first electrode 12 , a hole transport layer 13 , a first light emitting layer 141 , a second light emitting layer 142 , a hole blocking layer 15 , an electron transport layer 16 , and A second electrode 17. The first illuminating layer 141 emits a first segment of light 19, and the second illuminating layer 142 emits a third segment of light 193. The first segment of light 19 is excited by the color conversion layer 18 to a second segment. The light 192, the third segment light 193 is not changed by the color conversion layer 18, and is directly emitted through the color conversion layer 18, and then by the first segment light 19, the second segment light 192, and the third segment light 193. The three are mixed into a mixed light 191, and the mixed light 191 can be a mixed white light.
請參閱第5圖，其係為本發明之具色彩轉換層之有機電發光裝置之第五實施例示意圖。圖中，有機電發光裝置係包含一有機電發光元件及一色彩轉換 層18。有機電發光元件係包含一基板11、一第一電極12、一電洞傳輸層13、一第一發光層141、一第二發光層142、一電洞阻擋層15、一電子傳輸層16及一第二電極17。有機電發光元件更包含一出光面111，色彩轉換層18係設置於出光面111上，色彩轉換層18係於出光面111上形成於一有角度反射面112。其中，第一發光層141係發出一第一區段光19，第二發光層142係發出一第三區段光193，第一區段光19經過色彩轉換層18係激發一第二區段光192，第三區段光193經過色彩轉換層18不產生變化，色彩轉換層底部係設置一反射層113，第一區段光19、第二區段光192及第三區段光193經由反射層113反射後射出，且第一區段光19、第二區段光192及第三區段光193混合而形成一混合光191。 Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of the organic electroluminescent device with color conversion layer of the present invention. In the figure, the organic electroluminescent device comprises an organic electroluminescent device and a color conversion Layer 18. The organic electroluminescent device includes a substrate 11 , a first electrode 12 , a hole transport layer 13 , a first light emitting layer 141 , a second light emitting layer 142 , a hole blocking layer 15 , an electron transport layer 16 , and A second electrode 17. The organic electroluminescent device further includes a light emitting surface 111. The color conversion layer 18 is disposed on the light emitting surface 111, and the color conversion layer 18 is formed on the light emitting surface 111 on an angled reflecting surface 112. The first illuminating layer 141 emits a first segment of light 19, and the second illuminating layer 142 emits a third segment of light 193. The first segment of light 19 is excited by the color conversion layer 18 to a second segment. The light 192, the third segment light 193 does not change through the color conversion layer 18, and a reflective layer 113 is disposed on the bottom of the color conversion layer, and the first segment light 19, the second segment light 192, and the third segment light 193 are The reflective layer 113 is reflected and emitted, and the first segment light 19, the second segment light 192, and the third segment light 193 are mixed to form a mixed light 191.
以上所述僅為舉例性，而非為限制性者。任何未脫離本發明之精神與範疇，而對其進行之等效修改或變更，均應包含於後附之申請專利範圍中。 The above is intended to be illustrative only and not limiting. Any equivalent modifications or alterations to the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims.
11‧‧‧基板 11‧‧‧Substrate
111‧‧‧出光面 111‧‧‧Glossy surface
12‧‧‧第一電極 12‧‧‧First electrode
13‧‧‧電洞傳輸層 13‧‧‧ hole transport layer
14‧‧‧發光層 14‧‧‧Lighting layer
15‧‧‧電洞阻擋層 15‧‧‧ hole barrier
16‧‧‧電子傳輸層 16‧‧‧Electronic transport layer
17‧‧‧第二電極 17‧‧‧second electrode
18‧‧‧色彩轉換層 18‧‧‧Color conversion layer
19‧‧‧第一區段光 19‧‧‧First section of light
191‧‧‧第二區段光 191‧‧‧Second section light
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| TWI762183B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2022-04-21 | 日商半導體能源研究所股份有限公司 | Light-emitting device, display device, and electronic device |
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