TW201229008A - An amine flux composition and method of soldering - Google Patents
An amine flux composition and method of soldering Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201229008A TW201229008A TW100144127A TW100144127A TW201229008A TW 201229008 A TW201229008 A TW 201229008A TW 100144127 A TW100144127 A TW 100144127A TW 100144127 A TW100144127 A TW 100144127A TW 201229008 A TW201229008 A TW 201229008A
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- group
- substituted
- alkyl
- aryl
- amine
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- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 70
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
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- -1 guanamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
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- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/01—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C211/02—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C211/09—Diamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3612—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with organic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3615—N-compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/203—Fluxing, i.e. applying flux onto surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/365—Selection of non-metallic compositions of coating materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C215/00—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C215/02—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C215/04—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated
- C07C215/06—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and acyclic
- C07C215/18—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and acyclic with hydroxy groups and at least two amino groups bound to the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C215/00—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C215/02—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C215/22—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being unsaturated
- C07C215/28—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being unsaturated and containing six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C217/00—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C217/02—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C217/04—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C217/28—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having one amino group and at least two singly-bound oxygen atoms, with at least one being part of an etherified hydroxy group, bound to the carbon skeleton, e.g. ethers of polyhydroxy amines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
- B23K2101/38—Conductors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
- B23K2101/42—Printed circuits
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
Description
201229008 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種胺助熔劑組成物,包括作為起始魬 分之式I所示之胺助熔劑:其中,R1、R2、R3和R4係獨立 選自氫、經取代之C^o烷基、未經取代之ο,烷基、經取 代之芳基烷基和未經取代之C?8Q芳基烷基;其中尺7 和R8係獨立選自Cuo烷基、經取代之Cl_2Q烷基、α,芳基 和經取代之C6 — 2。芳基;或者其中,|^和R8連同其所附接之 碳形成視需要經Ci-6烷基取代之(:3—2〇環烷基環;其中,R10 和R11係獨立選自G-2。烷基、經取代之Ci—2。烷基、Ce-2。芳基 和經取代之C6_2。芳基;或者其中,R1Q和R„連同其所附接 之碳形成視需要經Ch烷基取代之Cwo環烷基環;以及其 中’ R9係選自氫、Ci-3。烷基、經取代之Cuo烷基、Ce-3。芳基 和經取代之Ce-3。芳基。本發明復關於焊接電接點之方法。 【先前技術】 焊接程序含跨人工手動焊接法至自動焊接法。在焊接 程序(人工焊接法與自動焊接法兩種)使用助溶材料亦為眾 人所知。實際上’單一焊接的使用通常不會產生可接受的 電互連(electrical interconnection)。助溶材料在焊接 過程中提供多種功能。例如,助熔材料作用為除去可能已 生成於金屬接點(例如焊接區域、接觸墊、觸針、鍍銅之通 孔)的氧化物;加強焊料至金屬接點之潤濕效果。 在焊接過程中,有相當多種方法已經用於將助熔材料 知加至金屬接點的表面。在某些方法中,係使用含有焊料 4 95425 201229008 之助熔材料。例如, 炫材斜弋> π二、该專經組合之材料已以環形線併入助 、广 提供。當該焊料加熱熔融時,在芯之助熔 ^活化’而助錢藉由熔融焊料互連的表面。焊料糊 、 其中助炼材料與焊料粉末係複合(compounded) 而摘中形成烊料粒子之大體上勻相之安定懸浮液。 種商業上獨特自動焊接法的應用係為半導體裝置的 =:即’轉程序係常被用於半導體裝置的自動生產, ^ 導體晶片係安裝於印刷電路版(PCB)。在某些該自 ^產方法中’焊料糊使用例如,網版印刷或孔板印刷而 仏加至印刷電路版。然後使該半導體晶片與PCB接觸且 加熱焊料糊以將_焊料回焊,而於半導體晶片與PCB間 2電互連。該加熱可藉由’例如’將焊料縣露於紅外 中加熱而促進。在某些應用中,該半導體晶片 組裳件係復經實質上填充半導體晶片與PCB間之填隙 的底填充材料處理,以封裝該互連。 由於對大量製造含有持續複雜化和微小化之電路的電 子裝置有需求,快速且自動焊接程序已浮現,像是例如, 併入拾浸(piek and dip)程序者。在絲騎,助熔劑可 藉由將半導體晶月的電接點部沉浸於助炫劑浴中而施加至 半導體晶;1的複數個電接f卜在半導體晶片上的經助^ 包覆電接點可再與包括對應的電接點與焊料球的pcB月 觸。然後該焊料球可被加熱以回流互連該半導體a片接 PCB。或者,該拾浸程序可被施用於有電接點與預施焊料2 裝置組件。在這些程序中,預施焊料經助熔材料一,勹 95425 201229008 後與對應的電接點接觸且加熱至回焊,形成電互連。許多 電子組件適合該後述製程類別,這是因為他們以載於組件 上之足夠的焊料製造,以促進該組件與另一電子組件(例如 PCB)之互連。 在多數情況中,商業上可得之助熔劑的使用將在焊接 區遺留離子性殘留物,其可能會非所欲地導致電路腐蝕及 短路γ因此,在形成焊接互連後需要額外的程序步驟以去 除該等殘留物。在半導體裝置线製財,在半導體晶片 與PCB間形成的焊料連接在半導體晶片與⑽之間造成相 對小之間隙(例如,小於4密耳(mil))。因此,在焊接程序 後殘留於焊接區上離子性殘⑽相當難以去除(即清洗)。 即使^焊接區是可觸及的(因此,有助清洗操作)程序中, 清洗操作仍造成環境相關議題,包含於清洗操作中產生之 廢料的處理。 些具有低固體含量之低殘留物免清洗助熔劑在商業 上是可取得的。Duchesne等人已於美國專利申請案公開說 20100175790揭露一種助熔劑組成物,其聲稱在焊接電子 組件時此實質上減少或實質上除去助炼劑殘留物。 Duchesne等人揭露一種包括助熔劑之材料組成物,其中該 助熔劑基本上由以下組合構成:(a)助熔劑;和(b)溶劑; 其中忒助熔劑係(1)包括鯛酸;或(2)包括醋酸;或(3)包括 該酮酸與該酯酸之混合物;而其中,該溶劑包括選自多元 醇或其混合物之黏性溶劑,和選自一元醇或其混合物之非 黏性溶劑之混合物。 95425 6 201229008 .; 儘管如此,仍有非固化性、有助於信賴的焊接接連與 -可客製化使易於與習用之以環氧化物為主之底填充劑相容 ' 之助熔劑組成物的需求。 【發明内容】 本發明提供一種胺助熔劑組成物,包括作為起始組分 之如式I所示之胺助熔劑: R4
R8 R7 (1) 其中,R1、R2、R3和R4係獨立選自氫、經取代之Ci⑼烷基、 未經取代之G-8。烷基、經取代之Cwo芳基烷基和未經取代 之G-8。芳基烷基;其中,R7和R8係獨立選自匕2。烷基、經 取代之Cl-2。烧基、C6-2〇芳基和經取代之Ce-2。芳基;或者其 中’ R7和R8連同其所附接之碳形成視需要經Cl_6烷基取代 之C3-2。環烷基環;其中,R10和R11係獨立選自Cy燒基、 經取代之Ci—2〇烧基、Ce-2。芳基和經取代之Cho芳基;或者 其中,R1(I和R11連同其所附接之碳形成視需要經Ci e燒義取 代之C3-2。環烷基環;以及其中,R9係選自氫、Ci 3()燒展 經取代之Cl,烧基、Cb-3。芳基和經取代之C6,芳基。 本發明提供一種將焊料施加至電接點之方法,包括. 提供電接點;提供本發明之胺助熔劑組成物;將該胺助熔 劑組成物施加至該電接點;提供焊料;將該焊料熔融;以 95425 7 201229008 及,以雜融焊❹換該施加至電接點之胺㈣劑 物’其中’魏融焊料與該電接點產生物理性 至該電接點。 ·^結 【實施方式】 本發明之胺助炫劑組成物係設計為易於與各種底填 充、、且成物相4,以使焊接表面較佳在施加底填充組成物 剛不需要清洗以形成完工的電子接合。 在本文與隨附的申請專利範圍中所用之「免清洗助溶 劑組成物」—詞意指胺助_組成物表現出具有<〇.5wt% 之鹵化物成份的低、或無胺助熔劑殘留物活性(亦即,胺助 熔劑在IPC J-STD-004B分類為0RL1或ORLO者)。 本發明之胺助熔劑組成物包括(基本上紐成為)作為 起始成份之式I所示之胺助熔劑。較佳的,該胺助炫劑組 成物為非固化性組成物(即,其中胺助熔劑組成物不含每分 子具有能在焊接條件下反應以產生分子間共價鍵結之二個 或更多個反應性官能基之化合物;且其中胺助熔劑於每分 子中不含有能在焊接條件下反應以產生分子間共價鍵結之 二個或更多個反應性官能基。 用於本發明之胺助熔劑組成物之胺助熔劑係依據式j 所示,其中,^、^、^和^係獨立選自氫〜經取代之匕, 烷基、未經取代之Cl,烷基、經取代之Ο,芳基烷基和未 經取代之C?-8。芳基院基(較佳地,其_,、R2、R3和R4係 獨立選自氫、經取代之C,w烷基、未經取代之Ci,烷基、 經取代之〇-3〇芳基焼基和未經取代之Cmo芳基規基);其 95425 8 201229008 0 中’ R和Μ係獨立選自Cl-2。烷基、經取代之Ci-2。烷基、C6-20 ; 芳基和經取代之芳基(或者其中,R7和R8連同其所附 接之碳形成視需要經G-6烷基取代之C3^環烷基環);其 中,r和R11係獨立選自C,—2。烷基、經取代之Ci_M烷基、 C6-2。芳基和經取代之Ce_2Q芳基(或者其中,Rl0和r11連同其 所附接之碳形成視需要經Cl_6烷基取代之CM。環烷基環/ 以及其中,R係選自氫、Cl_3fl烷基、經取代之G,烷基、 (^。芳基和經取代之^⑽芳基^較佳地^叭^ ^和只4 ^的0至3者為氫。較佳地依據式I所示之該胺助溶劑的 R R、R、R、r7、R8、Rg、R1、Ru基係選擇為:提供助 溶別於給疋應用上具有所欲之流變性質;視需要地,使胺 助溶劑與用於遞送至待焊表面之給定溶劑套組相容化;以 視兩要地,使胺助熔劑與用於焊接後之給定封裝组成 物(例如,環氧樹脂)相容化以形成封裝焊接接合(例如,用 於常見之覆晶底填充應用)。較佳者,依據式I之胺助熔劑 之R、R2、R3m、R9、Rl>Rll_^_^ 2炼劑與給疋封裝組成物相容化,以致祕組成物係免清 ^助炫劑組成物。較佳地,和R4中的G至3者為 虱。二佳地,“^^中的⑴者為氫^再更佳地, 'MH的2至3者為氫。尚更佳者,r1、r2 r3 中的2者,氫。最佳者,r1、r2中的q為氫且〜 3,1者為氫。又’依據式1所示之胺助熔劑之R1、R2、 R R ^、R、Rl、Rl1基團係較佳經選擇以使該助 有由微分掃描熱量法測定之彿點溫度‘125t (更 95425 9 201229008 佳者之250 C)以及經熱重分析 analysis,TGA)測定於自25°c起升溫速度為i〇t:/分鐘加 溫至250°C時質量損失百分比幻〇wt%者。
較佳地’用於本發明之胺助溶劑組成物之胺助熔劑係 依據式I所不;其令,R1、R2、!^和R4係獨立選自氫、經 取代之C^。烷基、未經取代之ο,烷基、經取代之。別芳 基烷基和未經取代之芳基烷基;以及其令,該經取代 之C^o烷基和該經取代之匕⑻芳基烷基之取代基係選自_〇H 基、-OR 基、-COR5-基、-COR5 基、-c(0)R5 基、-CH0 基、-C00R5 基、-0C(0)0R5 基、-s(〇)(〇)R5 基、_s(〇)r5 基、_s(〇)(〇)NR52 基、-0C(0)NR 2 基、-C(〇)NR62 基、-CN 基、-N(R6)-基和-NO2 中的至少一者(較佳者係為-〇Η基、-OR5基、-COR5-基、-COR5 基、-C(0)R 基、-CH0 基、-C00R5基、-〇c(〇)〇r5基、-s(〇)(〇)r5 基、-S(0)R 基、-S(〇)(〇)NR52 基、-〇c(〇)NR62 基、-C(〇)NR62 基、-CN基和-N〇2基中的至少一者);其中,R5係選自Cl_28 燒基、C3-28環烷基、Cb芳基、Ο-28芳基烷基和c7-28烷基芳 基;其中’ R6係選自氫、C丨-μ烷基、〇3—28環烷基、c6-i5芳基、 C?-28芳基烷基和〇-28烷基芳基。該經取代之Cho烧基和該 經取代之Ct-so芳基烧基可含有該等取代基之組合。舉例來 說’經取代之Ci-8。烷基和經取代之C7-8。芳基烷基可:含有 多於一個的相同類型取代基(例如’兩個_〇H基);含有多 於一種類型的取代基(例如,一個-0H基與一個-C0R5-基); 含有多於一種類梨的取代基與多於一個的相同類型取代基 (例如,兩個-〇H基與一個_〇R5基)。 95425 10 201229008 * 較佳地,用於本發明之胺助熔劑組成物之胺助熔劑係 • 依據式I所示;其中’ R7和R8係獨立選自Ci-2。烷基、經取 代之Ci-2〇烧基、Ce-2。芳基和經取代之c6-2。芳基(或者其中,R7 和R8連同其所附接之碳形成視需要經Cl-6烷基取代之C3-20 環烧基環);以及其中’該經取代之Cl-2Q烧基和該經取代 之C6-2。方基之取代基係選自-〇H基、苯基、Ci-η燒基、_0R12 基、-COR12-基、-COR12 基、-C(0)R12 基、—CH0 基、-C00R12 基、-0C(0)0R12 基、-S(0)(0)R12 基、-s(〇)R12 基、-S(0)(0)NR132 基、-0C(0)NR132 基、-C(0)NR132 基、-CN 基、-N(R13)-基和-N02 基中的至少一者(較佳為_〇H基、-〇R12基、-cor12-基、-cor12 基、-C(0)R12 基、-CH0 基、-C00R12 基、-〇c(〇)〇R12 基、-s(〇)(〇)R12 基、-S(0)R12 基、-S(〇)(〇)NR122 基、-〇C(〇)NR132 基、-C(〇)NR132 基、-CN基和-N〇2基中的至少一者);其中,γ係選自c] i9 烷基、Ca-i9^烷基、c:6-,9芳基、Cw芳基烷基和C719烧基芳 基;以及其中,R丨3係選自氫、Cl_lg烷基、丨9環烷基、Ce 19 芳基、ο"芳基烷基和c?」9烷基芳基。該經取代之Ci,烷 亥”代之C"。芳基可含有該等取代基之組合。舉例 有多於j經取代之匕-2。烷基和該經取代之C^。芳基可:含 多於〜種個的相同類型取代基(例如,兩個-0H基);含有 含有多於1的取代基(例如’一個基與一個-C0R12-基); (例如,種類型的取代基與多於一個相同類型取代基 軼隹/固、0Η基與一個-0R12基)。 依棣式I戶用於本發明之胺助熔劑組成物之胺助熔劑係 所不;其中,…和Rn係獨立選自Ci2Q烷基、經 95425 11 201229008 取代之C丨-2«)烷基、C6-2〇芳基和經取代之仏2。芳基(或者其中, R和R11連同其所附接之碳形成視需要經匕6烷基取代之 Cw。環烷基環);以及其中,該經取代之Ci_2Q烷基和該經取 代之C6,芳基之取代基係選自_〇H基、_〇Rlz基、_c〇r12_ 基、-COR12 基、-C(0)R12 基、-CH0 基、-C00R12 基、-0C(0)0R12 基、'SCO)⑻尺12基、-S(〇)R12基、_s⑼⑻NRi22基、_〇c⑼心 基、-C(0)NR132基、_CN基、—n(R13)-基和-N〇2基中的至少 一者(較佳為-0H 基、-0R12 基、-C0R12-基、-C0R12 基、-C(〇)R12 基、-CH0 基、-COORi2 基、-0C(0)0Ri2 基、_s(〇)(〇)r12 基、、s(o)r12 基、—s(o)(〇)nr122 基、_0C(0)NRi32 基、_c(〇)nr132 基、〜CN基和-N〇2中的至少一者);其中,Ri2係選自Ci i9烷 基、丨9環烷基、C6-丨9芳基、Ο-丨g芳基烷基和丨9烷基芳基; 以及其中,R13係選自氫、Cl_lg烷基、&…環烷基、Ceμ芳基、 C7'19芳基烧基和C?-丨9烷基芳基。該經取代之c丨_2。烧基和該 、、友取代之Ce·2。芳基可含有該等取代基之組合。舉例來說, 5亥經取代之Gw烷基和該經取代之ce_2Q芳基可:含有多於 —個的相同類型取代基(例如,兩個-0H基);含有多於一 種類型的取代基(例如,一個-0H基與一個_c〇R12-基);含有 夕於一種類型的取代基與多於一個的相同類型取代基(例 如’兩個-0H基與一個-OR12基)。 較佳者,用於本發明之胺助溶劑組成物之胺助溶劑係 依據式I所示;其中,R9係選自氫、CN30烷基、經取代之 C1'3。燒基、Ce-3。芳基和經取代之C6-3Q芳基;以及其中,該 經取代之C!-3。烷基和該經取代之C6_3〇芳基之取代基係選 95425 12 201229008 自-OH 基、-OR14 基、-COR14-基、-COR14 基、-C(0)ri4 基、_CH〇 基、-C00R14 基、-0C(0)0R14 基、-S(0)(〇)r“ 基、_s(〇)r14
基、-S(0)(0)NR142 基、-0C(0)NR152 基、-C(〇)NR152 基、-CN 基、-N(R15)-基和-N〇2基中的至少一者(較佳者為_〇h基、_〇r14 基、-COR14-基、-COR14 基、-C(0)R14 基、-CH0 基、-C00R14 基、-0C(0)0R14 基 ' -S(0)(〇)R14 基、-S(0)R14基、-s(〇)(〇)nr142 基、-0C(0)NR152 基、-C(〇)NR152 基、-CN 基和-N〇2 基中的至 少一者);其中’ p係選自Ci_29烷基、c3 29環烷基、c629 芳基、aO-29芳基烷基和29烷基芳基;以及其中,R!5係選 自氫、Ch9烷基、G-29環烷基、α_29芳基、C7_29芳基烷基和. Ο,烧基芳基。該經取代之烷基和該經取代之Ce 3◦芳 基可含有該等取代基之組合。舉例來說,該經取代之Ci 3〇 烷基和該經取代之芳基可:含有多於一個的相同類型 取代基(例如,兩個-0H基);含有多於一種類型的取代基 (例如,一個-〇H基與—個吒⑽,4基);含有多於一種類型 的取代基與多於一個的相同類型取代基(例如,兩個_〇H基 與一個-0R14基)。 更佳地’用於本發叼之胺助熔劑組成物之胺助熔劑係 依據式I所不;其中,R1、R2、R3和R4係獨立選自氫、經 取代之Chg烧基、未經取代之Ci,烷基、經取代之^ 3。芳 基烷基和未經取代之C7,芳基烷基;以及其中 ,該經取代 之Cl-2〇烷基和該經取代之c?3。芳基烷基之取代基係選自〇H 基、-OR 基、-0^16-基、_c〇Rl6 基、_c(〇)Rl6 基、_CH〇 基、-C00R16 基、-OC(〇)〇r16 基、._s(〇)(〇)Rls 基、_s(〇)r16 13 95425 201229008 基、-S(0)(0)NR164、〜OC(〇)NRl、基、气⑼心基、一cn 基、-N(R17)-基和爲基中的至少一者(較佳者係為_〇h 基、_〇Rl6 基、_C〇Rl6~基、、C0R16 基、-C(〇)R16 基、-CH0 基、-C00R16 基、-0C(0)(基、_s(〇)(〇)r16 基、_s(〇)r16 基、-S⑻(O)NR'基、、〇c(〇)NRl、基、⑼NRl、基、_cn 基和-N〇2基中的至少-者);其中,Rl6係選自Ciig烧基、 C3-H環烧基、一5芳基、Cw芳基烧基和c? 19烧基芳基;其 中’ R係選自氩、Ch9燒基、C3 19環烧基、Ce 15芳基、匕u 芳基烧基和C7-19烧基芳基;其中,r8係獨立選自 燒基和4經基烧基(更佳地,其中,R、r8係獨立選自 曱基和經基甲基;最佳地’其中,R、R8皆為曱基);其 中’R10和R11係獨立選自Cl_4烷基和Ci 4羥基烧基(更佳地, 其中’ R1(1和R係獨立選自甲基和羥基曱基;最佳地,盆 中,K和R11皆為甲基);以及其中,R9係選自氫、Cii。烷 基、Ch。經基烧基、苯基、經基苯基、C7m。烧基芳基、^ 芳基烷基和萘基(更佳地,其中,R9係選自氫、Ci4烷基、 Cm羥基烷基、苯基、羥基笨基、c?烷基芳基和芳基烷 基;最佳地,其中,R9係選自甲基和苯基)。Rl、R2、R3和 R4係選自其中的該經取代之Cl,烷基和該經取代之c? 3。芳 基烧基係可含有該等取代基之組合。舉例來說,該經取代 之Ci-2。烷基和該經取代之CM。芳基烷基可:含有多於一個 的相同類型取代基(例如,兩個_〇H基);含有多於一種類 型的取代基(例如,一個-0H基與一個_c〇R16-基);含有多 於一種類型的取代基與多於一個的相同類型取代基(例 95425 14 201229008 如,兩個,基與一個_0Rl6基)。較佳地,R1、R2、R4 -巾的G至3者為氫。更佳地,R1、R2、R4中的i至3 者為氫。再更佳地^^和以的^^為氯。 1更佳地’ R1、R2、R3和r4 t的2者係為氫。最佳地,r1、 R2中的1者為氫且R3*R4中的丨者為氫。 Y更佳地用於本發明之胺助溶劑組成物之胺助炼劑 係依據式I所示;其中,R1、R2、心系獨立選自氫、 -CH2CH(〇H)R18和-CH2CH⑽)CH2_0_Rl8基;其中,Ri8係選自 =C1-28絲、C3—28魏基、“芳基、“芳基院基和“ 二方基(較佳地,其中,R18係選自C5,院基、C615芳基 =烧基芳基;最佳地’其中,R、選自C8烧基、。7烧 土方土和。。萘基),其中,设7和r8係獨立選自烧基和 Γ甲H基(更佳地’其令’ R8係獨立選自甲基和幾 R 其中,R>R8皆為甲基);其中,ri。和 R、a pu選4烷基和Cl-4羥基烧基(較佳地,其中, 係獨立選自甲基和經基甲基;最佳者,其中,π 疋基、本基、羥基笨基、Ct h) . ΓίΓ佳地,其中-係選自氫、二= 二、二燒基芳基和C7芳織 ‘至:Γ'Τ苯基)。較佳地,r1、r2、r、 者為氫。再更:::更= 尚更佳地^3和^^中的2至3者係為氫。 R中的2者係為氫。最佳地,Rl、 95425 15 201229008 R2中的1者為氫且1^和R4中的i者為氫。 最佳地,用於本發明之胺助熔劑組成物之胺助熔劑係 依據式I所示;其中,Rl、R2、R3* R4係獨立選自氫、 -CH2CH(OH)R18 和-CH2CH(〇H)CH2-〇-R18基;其中,Rl8係選自 氫、-CH2CH(0H)R18 和-CH2CH(0H)CH2-0-R18 基;其中, 係選自氮、Cn28烧基、C3-28環烷基、Cw芳基、C7_28芳基烷 基和〇-28烷基芳基(較佳地,其中,Ru係選自Csi。烷基、 C^6芳基和C7-1S烷基芳基;更佳地,其中,Rls係選自心烷 基、C7烷基芳基、萘基、聯苯基和經取代之^心聯苯基; 最佳地,其中,R18係選自C8烷基、匕烷基芳基和萘基); 其中’ R7和R8皆為曱基;其中,RI。和Rn皆為甲基;以及 其令’ R係選自甲基和苯基。較佳地,Rl、R2、R3和R4中 的0至3者為氫。更佳地,r1、r2、r3和r4中的1至3者 為氫。再更佳地,R1、R2、R3和R4中的2至3者為氫。尚 更佳地,R1、R2、R3和R4中的2者為氫。最佳地,^與R3 為氫且 R2和 R4係選自—ch2ch(oh)r18和-CH2CH(0H)CH2-0-R18 基。 本發明之胺助熔劑組成物視需要的復包括溶劑。溶劑 係視需要的包含於本發明之胺助熔劑組成物以利於將該胺 助熔劑遞送至一個或多個待焊之表面。較佳地,該胺助熔 劑組成物含有8至95 wt%溶劑。用於本發明之胺助炫劑組 成物之溶劑較佳地係選自下列有機溶劑:烴類(例如,十二 烷、十四烷);芳香烴類(例如,苯、曱苯、二甲苯、三甲 基苯、苯甲酸丁酯、十二基苯);酮類(例如,甲基乙基酮、 16 95425 201229008 /、丁基酮、J衣己酮);醚類(四氫呋喃、1,4-二氧雜環 ^貌與四氫咬喃、1>3_二氧雜環戍烧、二丙二醇二曱喊); 醇類(例如,2-甲氧基_乙醇、2_丁氧基乙醇、甲醇、乙醇、 二丙醇α _萜品醇(a -terpineol)、苯曱醇、2-己基癸 =)酉曰類(例如’乙酸乙酷、乳酸乙酯、乙酸丁醋、己二 ^乙§曰、酞酸二乙酯、二乙二醇單丁基乙酸酯、乳酸乙 1 2絲異丁酸甲醋、丙二醇單曱⑽乙酸®旨);以及,醯 月女類(例如,N-甲基„比洛咬g同、N,n—二曱基曱醯胺和n, n—二 甲基乙醯耻)’二醇衍生物(例如,赛路蘇(cellosolve)、 =基赛路蘇);二醇類(例如,乙二醇、二乙二醇、二丙二 醇=士一醇、己二醇、丨,5-戊二醇);二醇醚類(例如, ^醇單甲醚、甲基卡必醇(methyl carbitol)、丁基卡必 醇、三乙二醇單甲趟、三乙二醇二甲謎、四乙二醇二甲趟、 乙醇單甲峻、二乙二醇單丁醚、二乙二醇單己ϋ、乙 -醇單苯基喊、二乙二醇單苯基醚、二乙二醇I乙基己 取),矛;5油峻,谷劑(例如,石油趟、蔡)。更佳地,用於本 發月之fee助溶劑組成物之溶劑係選自下列有機溶劑:甲基 乙基酮2丙醇、丙二醇單甲鱗、丙二醇單甲驗乙酸醋、 乳I乙S日和2經基異丁酸甲酯^最佳地,用於本發明之胺 助熔劑組成物之溶劑為丙二醇單甲醚。 本發明之胺助溶劑組成物視需要的復包括增稠劑。較 佳地,該助溶劑組成物含有〇至3〇wt%增祠劑。用於本發 明之胺助炼劑組成物之增稠劑係可選自非固化性樹脂材料 (即每刀子3有之反應性官能基〈2),舉例來說,非固化 95425 17 201229008 性紛醒·樹脂。 本發明之胺助熔劑組成物視需要的復包括搖變減黏性 試劑。較佳地,該助熔劑組成物含有1至30wt%搖變減黏 性試劑。用於本發明之胺助熔劑組成物之搖變減黏性試劑 係選自脂肪酸醯胺(例如,硬脂醯胺、羥基硬脂酸二醯胺); 脂肪酸脂(例如,蓖麻堪(castor wax)、蜂纖、棕櫚堪)、 有機搖變減黏性試劑(例如,聚乙二醇、聚環氧乙烷、甲基 纖維素、乙基纖維素、羥基乙基纖維素、羥基丙基纖維素、 二甘油單油酸醋、去甘油月桂酸醋、十甘油油酸醋、二甘 油單月桂酸酯,山梨醇月桂酸脂)、無機搖變減黏性試劑 (例如,矽石粉末、高領土粉末)。較佳地,所用之搖變減 黏性試劑係選自聚乙二醇和脂肪酸醯胺。 本發明之胺助熔劑組成物視需要的復包括無機填料。 無機填料可選自礬土(alumina)、氫氧化鋁、矽酸鋁、堇青 石(cordierite)、石夕酸裡铭、铭酸鎂、氫氧化鎂、黏土、 滑石、三氧化二銻、五氧化二銻、氧化鋅、膠體氧化矽、 燻矽石、玻璃粉末、石英粉末與玻璃微粒球。 本發明之胺助熔劑組成物視需要的復包括抗氧化劑。 較佳地,本發明之胺助熔劑組成物含有0. 01至30wt%之抗 氧化劑。 本發明之胺助熔劑組成物視需要的復包括添加劑,該 添加劑係選自消光劑(matting agent)、染色劑、消泡劑、 分散安定劑、螫合劑、熱塑性粒子、UV截斷劑、阻燃劑、 整平劑(leveling agent)、黏著促進劑和還原劑。 18 95425 201229008 : 本發明之胺助熔劑組成物較佳地包括(基本上組成為) 作為起始組分之3. 99至lOOwt%的如式I所示之胺助溶劑。 較佳地’本發明之胺助炫劑組成物較佳包括(基本上組成為) 作為起始組分之3. 99至lOOwt%的如式I所示之胺助炫劑、 〇至95wt%(更佳為8至95wt°/〇溶劑、〇至3〇wt %增稠劑、 〇至30wt%(更佳為1至30wt%)搖變減黏性試劑,和〇至 30wt%(更佳為〇. 〇1至30wt%)抗氧化劑。 本發明之胺助炼劑組成物成物可用於,舉例來說,電 子組件、電子模組與印刷電路板之製造。該胺助熔劑組成 物可藉由常見技術包含液體喷霧技術、液體發泡技術、拾 浸技術與波峰技術或其他可用於將液體或半固體分散於石夕 晶粒或基板之其他常見技術,施加至待焊表面。 本發明之胺助熔劑組成物視需要的復包括焊料粉末; 其中,該胺助熔劑組成物為焊料糊。較佳地,該焊料粉末 係選自 Sn/Pb、Sn/Ag、Sn/Ag/Cu、Sn/Cu、Sn/Zn、Sn/Zn/Bi、
Sn/Zn/Bi/In、Sn/Bi和Sn/In之合金(較佳為其中該焊料 粉末係選自 63wt% Sn/37wt% Pb、96. 5wt% Sn/3. 5 wt% Ag、 96wt% Sn/3. 5wt% Ag/0. 5wt% Cu ' 96. 4wt% Sn/2. 9wt% Ag/ 0. 5wt% Cu ' 96.5wt% Sn/3wt% Ag/0. 5wt% Cu ' 42wt% Sn/ 58wt% Bi、99. 3wt% Sn/0. 7wt% Cu、91wt% Sn/9wt% Zn 和 89wt% Sn/8wt°/Q Zn/3wt% Bi 之合金)。 該焊料糊較佳包括:1至50wt%(更佳為5至30wt%, 最佳者為5至15wt%)的胺助熔劑和50至99wt%的焊料粉 末。該焊料糊可藉由常見技術複合,舉例來說,以該操作 19 95425 201229008 之常見儀n捏合與混合焊料粉末與助溶劑。 該烊料糊可被用於,舉例來說,電子組件、電子模板 與印刷電路板之製造。該助焊料糊可藉由常見技術(包含, 舉例來說’利用焊料印刷機或絲網印刷機透過常見之焊罩 進行印刷)而施加至待焊表面。 用於本啦明之胺助炼劑組成物之胺助溶劑係可由所屬 技藝領域中具通常知識者了解之常見合成技術製備。 施用焊料至電接點之方法包括:提供電接點 ;提供本 餐明之胺助溶劑組成物;將該胺助溶劑組成物施加至該電 接點;提供焊料;將該焊料溶融;以及以該溶融焊料置換 該施加至電接點之胺麟劑組成物;其中,該炼融焊料與 該電接點產生物理性接觸且連結至該電接點。在該方法 中’該溶融烊料所欲地與電接點間緊密接觸以促進該焊料 …亥電接點pa]之金屬鍵之形成,以及提供該焊料與該電接 點間良好的機械性與電子性連結。任何常見的焊接技術皆 可=於本發明之方法。舉例來說’烙鐵頭(s〇lderingb⑴ 或知鐵可用於將電接點與焊料加熱至高於焊料炼化溫度。 可以使用焊洛,其中呈液態之焊料透過沉浸電接點至溶融 焊料中而轉移至該電接點。常見之波峰焊接技術可被應用 T此。又,可使用回焊技術,其中係使預先沈積於第二電 氣接點之焊料相鄰於第一電氣接點且加熱溫度至高於焊料 溶化/皿度’其中該焊料熔化且回焊,而與第一電氣接點和 第一電氣接點都產生接觸,形成第一電接點與第二電點間 的電接觸。 95425 20 201229008 本發明中焊料施加至電氣接點之方法可視需要的為覆 晶焊接過程之一部分,其中半導體晶片係安裝於印刷電路 版之上,其中該半導體晶片包括複數個第一電接點以及其 中該印刷電路板包括複數個第二電接點。在上述覆晶方法 中,本發明之胺助熔劑組成物施加至複數個第一電接點和 複數個第二電接點中之一者或兩者,以利於將該複數個第 一電氣接點焊料黏結至複數個第二電氣接點而形成電互 連。較佳地,該覆晶焊接過程復包括底填充步驟,其中熱 固性樹脂係被提供以封裝該電互連。最佳地,該熱固性樹 脂係環氧樹脂。 本發明之某些具體例將詳細描述於下列實施例中。 實施例1:胺助熔劑之合成 使用下列製程製備2, 6-二胺基-2, 5, 6-三曱基庚-3-醇之胺助熔劑。首先,使用下列合成方法製備2, 5, 6-三曱 基-2, 6-二硝基庚-3-醇中間產物 N〇2
具體而言,使三頸圓底燒瓶配備有攪拌棒、熱電偶 (thermocouple)、附蓋氮氣入口之滴液漏斗和冷凝管。之 後,將2-硝基丙烷(50克(g)、0. 56莫耳、5. 0當量)和催 化量之1,8-二氮雜雙環[5. 4. 0]十一礙浠裝入此燒瓶。 之後,於氮氣下攪拌此瓶内内容物三十分鐘。之後,將巴 21 95425 201229008 豆酸(〇:]:〇1:〇1131(161^(16)(7.9忌、9.2毫升(1111^)、0.112莫耳、 1. 0當量)以二十分鐘之時間滴加至瓶中。之後,於氮氣下 攪拌此瓶内内容物5至6小時,期間可觀察到白色固體自 該溶液中沉澱出。於此時,GC分析顯示於該反應物混合物 中無任何巴豆醛存在。之後,於氮氣下攪拌此瓶内内容物 整晚。之後,自該溶液真空過濾該沉澱物並經由水徹底清 洗而產生白色固體。將該中間產物固體於空氣中乾燥,隨 後於45°C真空乾燥。所欲中間產物二硝基醇的總產率為 72%(27· 8g)。核磁共振測試(Nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR)和液相層析法(1 iquid chromatography,LC)顯示該中 間產物純度>99%。 第二步,使用下列合成方法自該中間產物二硝基醇製 備產物2, 6-二胺基-2, 5, 6-三曱基庚-3-醇之胺助熔劑
具體來說,將25g的中間產物二硝基醇溶於200mL甲醇中, 以14. 2g之RaNi 3111作為催化劑。之後,於6(TC,氫氣 壓力4,137kPa(600 psi)之高壓爸中氫化該混合物。在完 成包含過濾該催化劑與移除甲醇的工作後,得到llg(59% 產率)的低黏度液體產物。匪R與氣相層析質譜法(gas chromatograph-mass spectroscopy, GC-MS)分析確認所欲 產物2, 6-二胺基-2, 5, 6-三曱基庚-3-醇之胺助溶劑之存在。 化學游離質譜法(Chemical ionization mass spectroscopy, 95425 22 201229008 CI - M S)顯示[Μ+Η ] = 18 9以及G C分析顯示該產物純度為9 4 %。 於0.68kPa(5. 1托)下測得該材料之沸點溫度為125°C至 135°C。13C丽R(CDC13) : 5 16. 8, 25. 2, 27. 9, 30. 8, 34. 7, 42.2,51.8,52. 8 和 77. 3ppm。 實施例2 :胺助熔劑之合成 使用下列製程製備2, 6-二胺基-2, 6-二曱基-5-苯基 庚-3-醇的胺助熔劑。首先,使用下列合成方法製備2,6- 二甲基_2, 6-二确基-5-苯基庚-3-醇中間產物 n〇2
具體而言,使三頸圓底燒瓶配備有攪拌棒、熱電偶、附蓋 氮氣入口之滴液漏斗和冷凝管。之後,將2-硝基丙院 (101. lg、1. 14莫耳、6. 0當量)和催化量的1,8-二氮雜雙 環[5. 4. 0]H—碳-7-稀(DBU)裝入此燒瓶。之後,於氮氣下 攪拌此瓶内容物二十分鐘。之後,將反式肉桂醛(25. Og、 0. 19莫耳、1. 0當量)以二十分鐘之時間滴加至瓶中。於添 加反式肉桂醛的過程中,可觀察到約22°C之放熱。加完反 式肉桂醛後,將該燒瓶内容物加熱至50°C且維持此溫度四 小時。之後,將該反應物冷卻至室溫。當燒瓶内容物達到 36.8°C時,自溶液中形成淡黃色固體。之後,經由布氏漏 斗(Buchner funne 1)過濾該燒瓶内容物且以戊烧與醚清洗 回收之中間產物二胺基醇粉末。之後,將該中間產物二胺 23 95425 201229008 基醇置於真空下乾燥Η、時。讀所欲之中間產物二胺基醇 總產率為娜⑽)。隱分析顯示該中間產物二胺基醇純 度肅〆HNMMCDCh): qmw,15Η),3.52_ 3.54 0η,1H),3.67-3.74 (m,lH),7 i7 7 34 (m,5η)。 13c 瞧(Cd㈤ m 22.4,23.2,25 8,31 3,5() 3, 72.9, 91·5, 91·6,⑽」,128 7, 129 4, 136 6 卿。 第-步,使用下列合成方法自該中間產物二硝基醇製 備產物2,6一二胺基_2,6一二甲基-5-苯基庚-3-醇的胺助熔 劑
、24. 3g之RaNi3111作為催化劑。之後,於6〇°c,氫氣 壓力4l37kPa(600psi)之高壓釜中氫化此混合物。在完成 包含過濾催化劑與移除曱醇的工作後,得到40g(68%產率) 的尚黏度液體產物。NMR與氣相層析質譜法(GC-MS)分析確 δ忍該所欲產物2, 6-二胺基-2, 6-二曱基-5-苯基庚-3-醇的 胺助炼劑之存在。化學游離質譜法(CI-MS)顯示[Μ+Η]=251 Μ及GC分析顯示直接得自高壓爸之產物純度係為78%。所 存在之剩餘材料似乎是來自亨利反應(Henry react ion)之 逆反應的單加成物。之後,該產物藉由真空蒸餾純化至 96.2%純度。於0. 67kPa(5. 0托)下確認該純化產物的沸點 24 95425 201229008 溫度為 150°C 至 16〇°C。NMR (CDC13): 5 〇. 9卜〇 99 (m 12H),1.67-1· 81 (m,3H),2.71-2.76 (m,2H),7· 〇8_7 23 (m,5H)°13C NMR (CDC13): (5 24.6,27. 9,28.3,29 8 31.6,51.8,52. 6,54.2,75.9,126.3,127.8’ 129 4, 142. 0 ppm.。 實施例3:胺助熔劑之合成 使用下列製程製備一種具有下式之胺助溶劑:
具體而言’在具有攪拌棒之反應瓶中加入(〇. 〇5莫耳)實施 例1之產物。之後,將該反應瓶置於具有磁性攪拌能力之 加熱板上。之後,以氮氣惰性化該反應瓶,接著於環境溫 度添加(0.1莫耳)2-乙基己基環氧丙基醚(由Momentive Performance Materials提供)至該反應瓶,並伴隨授拌。 之後,將該加熱板之設定溫度升溫至75。(:且繼續攪拌該反 應瓶内容物兩(2)小時。之後,將該加熱板之設定溫度升溫 至140°C且繼續再攪拌該反應瓶内容物兩(2)小時。之後, 將該加熱板之設定溫度降至801:且將該反應瓶加以真 空,並將瓶内減壓至30mm Hg。於這些條件下持續攪拌該 反應瓶内容物另外兩(2)小時以提供該助熔劑產物。使用熱 重分析(TGA)自25t起以升溫速率10°C/分鐘測量該助熔 劑產物於加熱至25(TC之質量損失百分比。該助熔劑產物 測得之質量損失(WL)為9wt%。 25 95425 201229008 實施例4:胺助熔劑之合成 使用下列製程製備一種具有下式之胺助溶劑:
具體而言,在具有擾拌棒之反應瓶中加入(〇.〇5莫耳)實施 例2之產物。之後,將該反應瓶置於具有磁性授掉能力之 加熱板上。之後,以氮氣惰性化該反應瓶,接著於環境溫 度添加(0.1莫耳)2-乙基己基環氧丙基醚(由Momentive Performance Materials提供)至該反應瓶,並伴隨搜拌。 之後,將該加熱板之設定溫度升溫至75°C且繼續攪拌該反 應瓶内容物兩(2)小時。之後,將該加熱板之設定溫度升溫 至14(TC且繼續攪拌該反應瓶内容物再兩(2)小時。之後, 將該加熱板之設定溫度降至80°C且將該反應瓶加以真 空,並將瓶内減壓至30mm Hg。於這些條件下持續攪拌該 反應瓶内容物另兩(2)小時以提供該助熔劑產物。使用熱重 分析(TGA)自25°C起以升溫速率1(TC/分鐘測量該助熔劑 產物於加熱至250t之質量損失百分比。該助炼劑產物測 得之質量損失百分比(WL)為5wt%。 實施例5:助熔能力之評估 使用下列製程評估及比較依據實施例3至4所製備之 胺助熔劑組成物之助熔能力(與對照材料羥硬脂酸相比 較)。在每一項評估中,銅試片係用以作為待焊電接點。在 每一個銅試片之待焊表面進行預處理:(1)首先以細砂紙 26 95425 201229008 (600粒度)研磨,(2)之後,以5%過硫酸銨溶液清洗 之後’以去離子水潤洗,(4)之後,沉浸至笼、,— 承井°坐溶 液中30秒,以及(5)之後,以氮氣吹乾。在鋼執片 理後,將每一個胺助熔劑組成物之小液滴個別散佈=== 待焊銅試片表面上。將四個直徑〇.381min之無錯焊料1 (95.5wt% Sn/4.0wt% Ag/0.5wt% Cu)置於每一鋼片' 溶劑組成物的液滴中。所用之無錯烊料之熔融範圍為 至221°C。之後,將該等銅試片置於已預埶至14。… ”、、 〜匕之加熱 板上且維持兩(2 )分鐘。之後,將該等銅試片置於另 ^ '力一已預 熱至26(TC之加熱板上且維持至該焊料達到回焊條件(45 秒至3分鐘,依胺助熔劑組成物而定)。之後,將該等銅試 片自熱源移開且以下列狀況評估(a)原始放置之四Λ個焊二 球之融合與結合(coalescence),(b)所得已結合焊料之尺 寸,以評判其流動與擴散,以及(c)焊料於銅試片之間的連 結。使用G至4之量尺分數以描述該等胺祕劑組成物與 羥硬脂酸對照材料之助熔性能如下: =焊料液滴間無溶合融合(fusin)且與銅試片間 無焊料連結; 2 -知料液滴間部伤至完全融合,但與銅試片間無 焊料連結; 3 -焊料液滴間完全融合,但焊料擴散與流動極微; 4 =焊料液滴間完全融合’於鋼試片表面上有良好 的焊料擴散與流動並且與鋼試片間有焊料連結。 該等胺助熔劑組成物之評估結果係提供於表i 95425 27 201229008 表1 胺助熔劑組成物 評估結果 實施例3 4 實施例4 4 對照材料 (羥硬脂酸) 4 【圖式簡單說明】 益 ”、、 【主要元件符號說明】 無 28 95425
Claims (1)
- 201229008 二 七、申請專利範圍: 二 1. 一種胺助熔劑組成物,包括作為起始組分之式I所示之 - 胺助熔劑: R4R1 I R8 R7 ⑴ 其中,R1、R2、R3和R4係獨立選自氫、經取代之Ci 8。烷 基、未經取代之G-8。烷基、經取代之匕,芳基烷基和 未經取代之C7-80芳基烷基; 其中,R7和R8係獨立選自Cl_2。烷基、經取代之Ci 2〇烷 基、C6-2。芳基和經取代之Ce_2Q芳基;或者其中,^和R8 連同其所附接之碳形成視需要經Cl_e烷基取代之C3 2〇 環烷基環; 其中,R1。和R11係獨立選自(^七烷基、經取代之Ci 烷 基、CM。芳基和經取代之(^心芳基;或者其中,RlQ和 RU連同其所附接之碳形成視需要經Cw烷基取代之c3_20 環烷基環; 以及其中’ R係選自氫、Cu。烷基、經取代之Ci 3fl烷基、 C6-3。芳基和經取代之Ce 3。芳基。 2·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之胺助熔劑組成物,其中, 在該經取代之Ci-8〇烷基和該經取代之SG芳基烧基(R丨, R2 ’ R3和R4係選自該等基)之取代基係選自—〇H基、_〇R5 95425 1 201229008 基、-COR5-基、-COR5 基、-C(0)R5 基、-CH0 基、-C00R5 基、-0C(0)0R5 基、-S(0) (0)R5 基、-S(0)R5 基、-s(〇)(〇)nr52 基、-0C(0)NR62 基、-C(0)NR62 基、-CN 基、-N(R6)-基和-N〇2 基中之至少一者;其中’ R5係選自θα烷基、C3-28環烷 基、(V丨5芳基、〇-28芳基烷基和匕-28烷基芳基; 其中,R6係選自氫、Ci-28烷基、C3-28環烷基、c6-丨5芳基、 C?-28芳基燒基和C7-28烧基芳基。 3. 如申請專利第1項所述之胺助熔劑組成物,其中,R1、 R2、R3和 R4係獨立選自氫、-CH2CH(0H)R18 和-CH2CH(0H)CH2-0-R18 基;其中,R18 係選自氫、0-28 燒基、C3-28環烧基、C6-28芳基、C7-28芳基烧基和C7-28烧 基芳基;其中,R7和R8皆為甲基;其中,R1Q和R11皆為 甲基;及其中,R9係選自曱基和苯基;以及,其中,Ri、 R2、R3和R4中的〇至3者為氫。 4. 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之胺助熔劑組成物,其中, R1、R2、R3和R4中的〇至3個為氫。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之胺助熔劑組成物,復包括 溶劑’其十,該溶劑係選自烴類、芳香烴類、酮類、醚 類、醇類、酯類、醯胺類、二醇類、二醇醚類、二醇類 衍生物和石油醚溶劑之有機溶劑。 6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之胺助熔劑組成物,復包括 下述之至少一者: 無機填料;搖變減黏性試劑;以及抗氧化劑。 7. 如申凊專利範圍第1項所述之胺助熔劑組成物’復包 2 95425 201229008 \ 括: θ 選自消光劑、染色劑、消泡劑、分散安定劑、螫合 - 劑、熱塑性粒子、υν截斷劑、阻燃劑和還原劑之添加 劑。 8. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之胺助熔劑組成物,復包括 作為起始組分之下列物: 0至95wt%之溶劑, 0至30wt%之增稠劑, 0至30wt%之搖變減黏性試劑,以及 0至30wt%之抗氧化劑。 9. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之胺助熔劑組成物,復包 括:焊料粉末。 10. —種將焊料施加至電接點之方法,包括: 提供電接點; 提供申請專利範圍第1項所述之胺助熔劑組成物; 將該胺助熔劑組成物施加至該電接點; 提供焊料; 將該焊料熔融;以及, 以該融熔焊料置換該施加至該電接點之胺助熔劑 組成物; 其中,該融熔焊料與該電接點形成物理接觸且連結 至該電接點。 3 95425 201229008 * 四、指定代表圖: ' (一)本案指定代表圖為:第()圖。(本案無圖式) / (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明:(無) 五、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式:R8 R7 (1) 3 95425
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-
2010
- 2010-12-02 US US12/958,493 patent/US8070046B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2011
- 2011-11-29 JP JP2011260174A patent/JP6012956B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-01 TW TW100144127A patent/TWI444355B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-12-02 DE DE102011120521A patent/DE102011120521A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-12-02 KR KR1020110128394A patent/KR101885575B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-02 CN CN201110463356.5A patent/CN102642101B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-02 FR FR1161088A patent/FR2968229B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6012956B2 (ja) | 2016-10-25 |
| TWI444355B (zh) | 2014-07-11 |
| DE102011120521A1 (de) | 2012-06-06 |
| FR2968229B1 (fr) | 2014-05-02 |
| JP2012148337A (ja) | 2012-08-09 |
| CN102642101A (zh) | 2012-08-22 |
| CN102642101B (zh) | 2015-05-13 |
| KR20120060773A (ko) | 2012-06-12 |
| FR2968229A1 (fr) | 2012-06-08 |
| KR101885575B1 (ko) | 2018-08-06 |
| US8070046B1 (en) | 2011-12-06 |
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