TW201011029A - Organic compounds for wound healing - Google Patents
Organic compounds for wound healing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201011029A TW201011029A TW098127462A TW98127462A TW201011029A TW 201011029 A TW201011029 A TW 201011029A TW 098127462 A TW098127462 A TW 098127462A TW 98127462 A TW98127462 A TW 98127462A TW 201011029 A TW201011029 A TW 201011029A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- dpp
- amino
- inhibitor
- wound healing
- Prior art date
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- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title 1
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Description
201011029 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 ❻ 本發明係關於能改進m合特別係糖尿病患 為2型糖床病患者)傷口癒合之特定卿^抑制齊卜以及ς 等DPP-4抑制劑於治療或/和預防皮膚/疾病、傷口或/和傷乂 口瘡合障礙’特別係、糖尿病患者身上的該等疾病之用途。 用於傷口癒合,特別係糖尿病患者之傷口癒合的包括所定 義之鹏-4及於此視情況附加之—種或其他更多的活性物 質的醫藥成份及組合物亦屬考慮之範圍。 【先前技術】 傷口癒合對於任何生物體於損傷後生存係'必要的。傷口 癒合過程中之嚴重損傷將導致慢性傷口之形成且最終引發 潰瘍。特別地,糖尿病患者伴隨有傷口癒合障礙,例如傷 口及潰瘍癒合緩慢,慢性傷口以及,最終為糖尿病併發潰 瘍(例如股癖動脈韌帶潰瘍和類脂質漸進性壞死)或糖尿病 足。糖尿病患者可能面臨皮膚潰瘍發生,有15%會發展為 由感染和截肢引發的併發症的生命風險。健康的皮膚修復 過程一般涉及包含免疫細胞浸潤、血管生成、上皮再生及 重塑之動態組織運動。更進一步地,據證實,傷口發炎對 於該等過程係重要的,亦對組織再生係關鍵的。糖尿病患 者之慢性傷口證實了金屬蛋白酶量提高及生長因子產生減 少’其為傷口閉合所必須。糖尿病患者亦經常患有干擾血 液供應及毛細管灌注之末梢血管病。另外,於該等病人身 上之神經病變及知覺缺失可能導致更深的傷口及傷口癒合 142466.doc 201011029 過程之惡化。因此,控制血糖係糖尿病併發症如傷口難愈 之主要干預。然而’由於涉及傷口癒合之複雜生理過程的 龐大數量,多種因素將會導致及影響傷口癒合障礙。 於糖尿病治療中飲食療法與運動療法係基本的。當該等 療法無法有效地控制病人的病情(尤其係其血糖量)時,口 服或非口服抗糖尿病劑將額外地用於糖尿病的治療。傳統 的抗糖尿病劑或抗尚血糖病劑包含,但不僅係,二甲雙 胍、磺脲類、噻唑啶二酮類、格列萘類(glinides)、α_葡萄 糖苷酶阻斷劑、GLP-1和GLP-1類似物,以及胰島素與胰 島素類似物。然而,該等傳統抗糖尿病劑或抗高血糖劑之 使用會伴隨多種不良反應之發生。例如,二曱雙胍會伴隨 乳酸酸中毒;磺脲類、格列萘類和胰島素/胰島素類似物 會伴隨低血糖或體重增加;噻唑啶二酮類會伴隨水腫、骨 折、體重增加或心臟衰竭/對心臟之影響;以及心葡萄糖苷 酶阻斷劑與GLP-1和GLP-丨類似物會伴隨胃腸道不良反應 (例如消化不良、腸胃氣脹或腹瀉、或β惡心或呕吐)。 另外,糖尿病及其併發症之管理複雜,且需要解決許多 非血糖控制的問題。 因此仍有尚度未得到滿足之需求以及對能積極影響傷 癒口特別於糖尿病患者身上之傷口癒合的新穎且高效藥 物的需求。 DPP-4酶亦稱為CD26,係一類被認為會導致二肽從ν末 端存在捕氨酸或丙纟酸殘基之大量蛋白質的N末端分裂出 來之4氨酸蛋白酶。因其具有該屬性,故抑制劑能 142466.doc 201011029 干擾包含肽GLP-1的生物活性肽血漿量而且被認為係糖尿 病治療之可靠藥物。 例如,DPP-4抑制劑及其用途,特別係其於代謝(尤其為 於糖尿病患者)疾病中之用途,已揭示於WO 2002/068420、 WO 2004/018467 ' WO 2004/018468 ' WO 2004/018469 > WO 2004/041820、WO 2004/046148、WO 2005/051950、 WO 2005/082906 ' WO 2005/063750、WO 2005/085246、 WO 2006/027204、WO 2006/029769 或 WO 2007/014886; 或於 WO 2004/050658、WO 2004/111051、WO 2005/058901 或 WO 2005/097798 ;或於 WO 2006/068163 、WO 2007/071738 或 WO 2008/017670;或於 WO 2007/128721 或 WO 2007/128761。 至於其他DPP-4抑制劑,可提及下列化合物:
-具有以下結構式A之西他列汀(Sitagliptin)(MK-0431)為 (3R)-3-胺基-1-[3-(三氟甲基)_5,6,7,8-四氫-5H-[1,2,4]三唑 并[4,3-a]吡嗪-7-基]-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)丁_丨-酮,亦命名為 (2R)-4-氧代-4-[3·(三氟曱基)·5,6·二氫三唑并[4,3_a] °比嗪- 7(8H)-基]-1-(2,4,5-三說苯基)丁_2-胺。
於一具體例中,西他列汀(sitagliptin)呈現其二氫酯磷酸 鹽形式,即西他列汀鱗酸鹽。於另一具體例中,西他列汀 142466.doc 201011029 磷酸鹽呈現無水結晶化合物或單水合物形式。該具體例之 一類稱為西他列汀磷酸鹽單水化合物。西他列汀游離鹼及 其醫藥可接受鹽揭示於美國專利第6,699,871號及WO 〇3/004498之實例7中。西他列汀磷酸鹽單水合物結晶揭示 於 WO 2005/003135 和 WO 2007/050485 中。對於詳細情 況,例如製作方法,調配方法或該化合物或其鹽之用途, 因此可參考此等文件。 西他列汀之鍵劑條配物已以商標Januvia®銷售。西他列 汀/二甲雙胍組合物已以商標Janumet®銷售。 -具有以下結構式B之維格列汀(Vildagliptin)(LAF-237) 為(2S)-{[(3-羥基金剛烷-1-基)胺基]乙醯基} 比咯啶-2-曱 腈,亦命名為(S)-l-[(3-羥基-1-金剛烷基)胺基]乙醯-2-氰 基吡咯啶。
維格列汀具體地揭示於美國專利第6,166,063號與1〇 00/34241之實例1中。具體的維格列汀鹽揭示於WO 2007/019255中。維格列汀結晶形式以及維格列汀錠劑調 配物揭示於W0 2006/078593 f » 維格列汀可根據WO 00/34241或WO 2005/067976所描述 調配。改良釋出之維格列汀調配物描述於WO 2006/135723 142466.doc 201011029 中。 對於詳細情況,例如其製作方法、調配方法或該化合物 或其鹽之用途,因此可參考該等文獻。 維格列汀之錠劑調配物已以商標Galvus®銷售》維格列 奸/二甲雙胍組合物之錠劑調配物已以商標Eucreas®銷售。 Ο _具有下列結構式C之沙格利汀(Saxagliptin)(BMS-477118) 為(lS,3S,5S)-2-{(2S)-2胺基-2-(3-經基金剛院_ι基)乙醯 基}-2-氮雜雙環[3.1.〇]己烧-3-甲腈,亦命名為(8)_3-羥基 金剛烷基甘氨酸-L-順式-4,5-甲撐脯氨酸腈。 Η Λ
-mN
(c) 沙格利汀具體揭示於美國專利第6,395,767號與w〇 01/68603之實例60中。 於一具體例中,沙格利汀呈現為其鹽酸鹽形式或其單苯 甲酸鹽形式如揭示於WO 2004/052850中。另一具體例中, 沙格利汀呈現游離鹼形式。於又另一具體例中,沙格利汀 呈現游離鹼之單水合物形式如揭示於w〇 2〇〇4/〇5285〇中。 沙格利汀之鹽酸鹽晶體形式與其游離鹼形式揭示於1〇 2008/131149。沙格利汀之製備方法亦揭示於%〇扇^刪丄 和WO細5/1 15982中。沙格利料調配成錠劑,如彻 2005/1 17841所述。 142466.doc 201011029 對於詳細情況,例如製作方法、其調配方法或該化合物 或其鹽之用途,因此可參考該等文件。 -具有以下結構式E之阿格列汀(Alogliptin)(SYR-322)為 2-({6-[(3R)-3-胺基哌啶-1-基]-3_ 曱基-2,4-二氧代-3,4-二 氫-2H-嘧啶-l-基}甲基)苯曱腈。
阿格列汀具體地揭示於US 2005/261271、EP 1586571 與 WO 2005/095381 中。 於一具體例中,阿格列汀呈現為其苯甲酸鹽形式、其鹽 酸鹽形式或其甲苯磺酸鹽形式,各揭示於WO 2007/03 5 629 中。此具體例之一類稱為阿格列汀苯曱酸鹽。阿格列汀苯 甲酸鹽之多晶型物揭示於WO 2007/035372。阿格列汀之製 備方法揭示於WO 2007/1 12368,以及明確地揭示於WO 2007/035629。如WO 2007/033266所述,阿格列汀(亦即其 苯甲酸鹽)可調配成錠劑並投藥。阿格列汀與二甲雙胍或 0比格列嗣(pioglitazone)之調配物分別揭不於WO 2008/093882 或 WO 2009/01 1451 中。 對於詳細情況,例如製作方法,調配方法或該化合物或 其鹽之用途,因此可參考該等文件。 142466.doc 201011029 -⑽小{[2|甲基_2_笨基“惡哇基—·基)_乙胺基]-乙醢 基}“比洛m猜,或其醫藥可接受鹽,較好為甲續酸 鹽,或 (2S)-1-{[1,1-二甲基·3·(4“比啶_3甲基味唑卜基卜丙胺 基]-乙醢基}•吡咯啶_2·曱腈或其醫藥可接受鹽。 s亥等化合物及其製備方法揭示於WO 03/037327中。 前者化σ物之甲磺酸鹽及其多晶型晶體揭示於w〇 腦疆81。後者化合物之富馬酸鹽及其多晶型晶體揭 示於WO 2GG7/G71576中。該等化合物可調配為醫藥組合物 如 WO 2007/017423所述。 對於詳細情況’例如製作方法、調配方法或該化合物或 其鹽之用途,因此可參考該等文件。 -(S)-l-((2S,3S,llbS)-2-胺基 _9,10_ 二曱氧基 _13,4,6 7, lib-六氫-2H-吡啶并[2,l-a]異喹啉_3_基)_4_氟曱基吡咯啶_ 2-酮或其醫藥可接受鹽。
該化合物及其製備方法揭示於WO 20〇5/〇〇〇848。該化合 物(尤其係其鹽酸鹽)之製備方法亦揭示於W〇 2008/03 1749、 WO 2008/031750與WO 2008/055814中。該化合物可調配 成醫藥組合物,如WO 2007/017423所述。 對於詳細情況,例如製作方法、調配方法或該化合物或 142466.doc 201011029 其鹽之用途,因此可參考該等文件。 -(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)-((2S,4S)-4-(4-(嘧啶-2-基)哌嗪-1-基)°比洛唆-2-基)甲酮(亦稱為葛索列汀(g〇SOgiiptin))或其 醫藥可接受鹽。 該化合物及其製備方法揭示於W0 20〇5/116014和US 7291618中。 對於詳細情況’例如製作方法、調配方法或該化合物或 其鹽之用途,因此可參考該等文件。 _ (l((3S,4S)-4-胺基 _1-(4·(3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)·ι,3,5-三 嗪-2-基)吡咯啶-3-基)·5,5-二氟哌啶-2-酮或其醫藥可接受 鹽。
該化合物及其製備方法揭示於WO 2〇〇7/148185和US 例如製作方法、調配方 20070299076中。對於詳細情況 法或該化合物或其鹽之用途,因此可參考該等文件。
基胺基]-乙醯基}-4-氟η比咯啶_2_甲腈(亦稱為美羅列汀 (melogliptin))或其醫藥可接受鹽。
I42466.doc •10· 201011029 苯磺酸鹽。對於詳細情況,例如製作方法、調配方法或該 化合物或其鹽之用途,因此可參考該等文件。 -(1^)-2-[6-(3-胺基-旅'1定-1-基)-3-甲基_2,4-二氧代-3,4-二 氫-2H-嘧啶-1-基甲基]-4-氟-苯曱腈或其醫藥可接受鹽。
該化合物及其製備方法與用途揭示於WO 2005/095381、 US 2007060530、WO 2007/033350、WO 2007/035629、 WO 2007/074884、WO 2007/1 12368、WO 2008/114807、 WO 2008/114800與WO 2008/033851中。特別主張之鹽類 包含琥珀酸鹽(WO 2008/067465)、笨甲酸鹽、苯磺酸鹽、 對·曱苯磺酸鹽、(R)-扁桃酸鹽與鹽酸鹽。對於詳細情況, 例如製作方法、調配方法或該化合物或其鹽之用途,因此 可參考該等文件。 • 5-{(S)-2-[2-((S)-2-氰基比咯啶-1-基)_2_氧代-乙胺基]-丙基}-5-(1Η-四唑-5-基)-10,11-二氫-5H-二苯并[a,d]環庚 烯-2,8-二羧酸雙-二甲基醯胺或其醫藥可接受鹽。
142466.doc -11 - 201011029 該化合物及其製備方法揭示於WO 2006/1 16157與US 2006/270701中。對於詳細情況,例如製作方法、調配方 法或該化合物或其鹽之用途,因此可參考該等文件。 -3-{(2S,4S)-4-[4-(3-甲基-1-苯基-1H-吡唑-5-基)哌嗪-1-基]吡咯啶-2-羰基}噻唑啶(亦稱為特力利汀(teneligliptin)) 或其醫藥可接受鹽。 該化合物及其製備方法揭示於WO 02/14271中。具體鹽 類揭示於WO 2006/088129與WO 2006/118127中(尤其包括 鹽酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽)。使用該化合物之組合療法揭示於WO 2006/129785。對於詳細情況,例如製作方法、調配方法 或該化合物或其鹽之用途,因此可參考該等文件。 -[(2R)-l-{[(3R)-°比咯啶-3-胺基]乙醯基比咯啶-2-基]_ 酸(亦稱為杜托列汀(dutogliptin))或其醫藥可接受鹽。 該化合物及其製備方法揭示於WO 2005/047297、WO 2008/109681與WO 2009/009751中。具體鹽類揭示於WO 2008/027273(包含檸檬酸鹽、酒石酸鹽)。該化合物之調配 物描述於WO 2008/144730中。對於詳細情況,例如製作方 法、調配方法或該化合物或其鹽之用途,因此可參考該等 文件。 -(2S,4S)-l-[2-[(4-乙氧基羰基雙環[2.2.2]辛-1-基)胺基] 乙醯基]-4-氟》比咯啶-2-甲腈或其醫藥可接受鹽。 該化合物及其製備方法揭示於WO 2005/075421、US 2008/146818與WO 2008/1 14857中。對於詳細情況,例如 製作方法、調配方法或該化合物或其鹽之用途,因此可參 142466.doc -12· 201011029 考該等文件。 一 _2-({6-[叫3_胺基_3_甲基哌啶卜基]],3二甲基〜_ 二氧代-1,2,3’4-四氫抓料并[3,2 d] ^定士基}甲基冰 氟苯甲腈或其醫藥可接受鹽’或6_[叫3胺基m 基]-5-(2-氣-5-氟1基二甲基Μ —二氫‘咯并 嘧啶-2,4-二酮或其醫藥可接受鹽。 ’ 該等化合物及其製備方法分別揭示於WO 2〇〇9/〇84497與 WO 2_/〇68163中。對於詳細情況例如製作方法、調配 方法或該等化合物或其鹽之用途,因此可參考該等文件。 為避免任何疑慮,以上所引用之各文件所揭示之内容全 文係以引用之方式併入本文。 於本發明之範®中現已意外地發現,本文所定義之某種 DPP-4抑制劑具有出乎意料且特殊之優越性能,令該等抑 制劑特別適合用於傷口癒合’特別係糖尿病患者(尤其係2 型糖尿病患者)之傷口癒合。 【發明内容】 因此,本發明提供一種本文定義之Dpp_4抑制劑,其係 用於糖尿病或非糖尿病之傷口癒合。 本發明更進一步提供一種本文定義之Dpp_4抑制劑,其 用於改善或改良糖尿病與非糖尿病患者t尤其係糖尿病患 者之傷口癒合。 本發明另提供一種本文定義之dpp_4抑制劑,其用於治 療及/或預防(包含避免或減緩發病過程或減少發病發生或 延遲發病)傷口癒合過程,尤其於糖尿病患者之傷口癒合 142466.doc -13· 201011029 過程中的傷口癒合不全或損傷。 本發明更進一步提供一種本文定義之DPP-4抑制劑,其 用於治療與/或預防(包含避免或減緩發病過程或減少發病 發生或延遲發病)皮膚疾病、創傷及/或傷口癒合障礙,包 含但不僅限於,糖尿病所伴隨之該等疾病。 本發明更進一步提供一種本文定義之DDp_4抑制劑,其 用於治療及/或預防(包含避免或減緩發病過程或減少發病 發生或延遲發病)慢性皮膚潰瘍、傷口或潰爛、破壞性傷 口發炎(例如中性白血球浸潤)、傷口癒合或閉合之延遲或 損傷、受干擾之、组織再生、形成或重塑,尤其係對糖尿病 患者。 本發明更進一步提供一種本文定義之Dpp_4抑制劑,其 用於縮小傷口範圍與/或改善傷口閉♦,尤其係與糖尿病 相關之傷口。 本發明更進一步提供一種本文定義之Dpp_4抑制劑,其 用於改善傷口上皮形成、傷口形態與/或組織再生,尤其 係糖尿病相關之傷口。 本發明更進—步提供—種本文定義之DPP-4抑制劑,其 用於促進傷口新上皮形成或上皮再生過程,尤其係糖尿病 相關之傷口。 本發明更進'步提供—種本文定義之DPP.4抑制劑,其 用於減少破壞性傷口發炎,例如,舉例為減少多形核嘻^ 性白▲球(ΡΜΝ)之數量,尤其發生於糖尿病相關之傷口。 本發明更進一步提供-種本文定義之DPP-4抑制劑,其 142466.doc -14· 201011029 用於治療與/或預防(包含降低病情發展或加速之風險)發生 於存在或已患皮膚病風險之病人,特別係糖尿病(尤其係2 型糖尿病)患者身上的代謝障礙或疾病、傷口及/或傷口瘢 合障礙或損傷(特別係與糖尿病相關的),例如,舉例說, 本文所述之該等疾病(例如慢性皮膚潰瘍、傷口或溃爛、 破壞性傷口發炎(例如,嗜中性白血球浸潤)、傷口癒合或 閉合之延遲或損傷,或受干擾之組織再生、形成或重 塑)。 此外,根據本發明之另一方面,係提供一種本文所定義 的DPP-4抑制劑之用以製備用於下述一或多個目的之藥劑 之用途: -預防、減緩、延遲或治療代謝障礙或疾病進展,例如, 舉例說:1型糖尿病,2型糖尿病,糖耐量受損(IGT), 空腹血糖受損(IFG),高血糖,餐後高血糖,超重肥 胖,血脂異常,高血脂,高膽固醇血症,高血壓,動脈 硬化,血管内皮功能障礙,骨質疏鬆症,慢性全身炎 症,視網膜病變,神經病變,腎病及/或代謝症候群; -改善血糖控制與/或降低空腹金糖、餐後血糖與/或糖化 血紅蛋白HbAlc ; -預防、減緩、延遲或逆轉從糖耐量受損(IGT)、空腹血 糖爻扣(IFG)、胰島素抵抗及/或代謝症候群轉化成2型糖 尿病之過程; -預防、降低糖尿病併發症發生之風險,減緩糖尿病併發 症之進程,延遲或治療糖尿病併發症,如微血管或大血 142466.doc 15 201011029 管疾病’如腎病,微量或巨量白蛋白尿,蛋白尿、視網 膜病變’白内障,神經病變,學習或記憶障礙,神經退 化或辨識障礙、心血管或腦血管疾病,組織缺血,糖屎 病足或潰瘍,動脈硬化,高血壓,内皮功能不全,心肌 梗塞,急性冠狀動脈症候群,不穩定性心絞痛,穩定性 心絞痛,周圍動脈閉塞性疾病,心肌病,心力衰竭心 律不整,血管再狹窄與/或中風; -減輕體重或防止體重增加或促進體重減輕; -預防、減緩、延遲或治療胰島p細胞變性及/或胰島0細碜 胞功能下降及/或用以改善及/或恢復姨島择細胞之功能及/ 或刺激及/或恢復胰島之分泌胰島素功能; 預防、減緩、延遲或治療非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD) ’包 含脂肪肝、非酒精性肝炎(NASH)及/或肝纖維化; -預防、減緩、延遲或治療用習知(口服)抗高血糖單一或 聯合療法初次或二次失敗之2型糖尿病進程; 實現減少為達到足夠治療效果之習知抗高血糖藥物劑量 的目的; © -降低與習知(口服或非口服)抗高血糖藥物帶來之不良反 應的風險;及/或 -維持及/或改善胰島素敏感性及/或用以治療或預防高胰 島素it症與/或騰島素抗性; 特別對於患有(或存在患病風險)皮膚疾病、傷 口及/或傷口 癒合障礙或損傷的患者;特別對於與糖尿病有關之疾病, 例如’舉例說’任何本文所論述之傷口及/或皮膚病(例 142466.doc • 16 - 201011029 如,慢性皮膚潰瘍、傷口或潰爛、破壞性傷口發炎(舉例 說,嗜中性白血球浸潤)、傷口癒合或閉合之延遲或損 傷,或受干擾之組織再生、形成或重塑); 其視情況與一種或多種其他活性物質混合,例如,任何 於本文所提及之活性物質。 本發明進一步提供一種醫藥組合物,其用於傷口癒合, 尤其係糖尿病患者之傷口癒合,該醫藥組合物包括本文定
義之DPP-4抑制劑與視情況之-種或多種醫藥可接受載體 與/或稀釋劑。 本發月進步提供一種固定或非固定之組合,其包括用 於傷口癒合’尤其係糖尿病患者之傷口癒合的-整套組 分,該組合包括本文所定義之DPP-4抑制劑與一種或多種 活性物質,例如任何於本文所提及之活性物質。 本發明進一步提供了 -種於本文所定義之DPJM抑制劑 與視情況-種或多種活性物質(例如,舉例說,任何本文 所提及之活性物質)組合之用途,係用以製作用於傷口癒 合,尤其係糖尿病患者之傷σ癒合的醫藥組合物。 本發明進—步提供-種醫藥組合物,其係用於傷口癒 合’尤其係糖尿病患者之傷口癒合,該醫藥組合物包括本 :所定義之DHM抑制劑及視情況之一種或多種其他活性 物質’例如任何於本文所提及之活性物質,例如舉例說單 蜀依序同時、並行或時間上錯開地使用該活性成份。 :發明進-步提供一種傷口癒合,尤其係糖尿病患者傷 口瘡合之方法,該方法包括對需要之個體(尤其係人類患 142466.doc 17· 201011029 者)技與有效量之本文所定義之DPP_4抑制劑,視情況地, 該抑制劑可單獨或聯合使用,例如單獨地、順序地、同時 地、並行或時間上錯開地與一種或兩種以上的其他活性物 質(例如任何於本文所提及的活性物質)組合使用。 根據本發明之一具體例中的DPP-4抑制劑表示除包含其 血糖作用以外,亦對於2型糖尿病個體之傷口修復過程中 直接展現有利(例如額外血糖(extraglycemic))作用之該等 DPP-4抑制劑。除了改善血糖控制之外,該等Dpp_4抑制 «J還適合於對患有皮膚疾病、傷口與/或傷口癒合障礙或 損傷或存有該風險的患者提供額外之治療性好處。 【實施方式】 根據之前及以下之論述,本發明之其他方面將為熟悉此 項之技術者所理解。 於本發明中’ DPP-4抑制劑係意指包括,但不僅限於, 任何於上下文所提及之該等DPP-4抑制劑,較好為口服活 性之DPP-4抑制劑。 於第一具體例(具體例A)中,本發明之DPP-4抑制劑意指 具有結構式(I)
或具有結構式(II) 142466.doc -18- 201011029
或具有結構式(III)
(III)
或具有結構式(IV)之任何DPP-4抑制劑
其中R1表示([1,5]萘咬-2-基)甲基、(唾唾琳基)甲基、 (喹喔啉-6-基)甲基、(4·甲基-喹唑啉_2_基)甲基、2_氰基· 苄基、(3-氰基-喹啉-2-基)曱基、(3_氰基-吡啶_2基)甲
基、(4-曱基·嘧啶-2-基)甲基、或(4,6·二曱基_嘧啶_2_基)甲 基,且R2表示3-(R)-胺基-哌啶·丨_基、(2_胺基2甲基丙 基)-甲胺基或(2-(S)-胺基-丙基甲胺基,或其醫藥可接受 鹽。 於第二具體例(具體例B)中,本發明之DPP-4抑制劑意指 選自下列之群的DPP-4抑制劑:西他列汀(sitagiiptin)、維 格列汀(vildagliptin)、沙格利汀、阿格列江(al〇gliptin)、 (2S)-l-{[2-(5-曱基-2-苯基_噁唑基_4-基)_乙胺基]-乙醯基}-吡咯啶-2-甲腈, 142466.doc •19· 201011029 (28)-1-{[1,1,-二甲基-3-(4-吡啶_3-基甲基-咪唑_1-基)-丙胺 基]-乙醯基}-吡咯啶-2-曱腈, (S)-l-((2S,3S,llbS)-2-胺基-9,l〇-二甲氧基 _l,3,4,6,7,llb-六氫-2H-°比啶并[2,l-a]異喹啉-3-基)-4-氟曱基-吡咯咬_2 酮, (3,3-二氟吡咯啶-1-基)-((2S,4S)-4-(4-(嘧啶-2-基)哌嗪 _1_ 基)0比嘻咬-2 -基)甲網, (l-((3S,4S)-4-胺基-1-(4-(3,3-二氟。比咯啶-1-基)_1,3,5-三嗪_ 2- 基)βΛπ各咬-3-基)-5,5-二氟派咬_2-酮, (28,48)-卜{2-[(3 8,111)-3-(111-1,2,4-三唑-1-基曱基)環戊基 胺基]-乙酿基}-4 -氣0比嘻咬-2-甲腈, (R)-2-[6-(3_胺基-哌啶-1-基)_3 -甲基-2,4-二氧代-3,4·二氫 _ 2Η-嘧啶-1-甲基]-4-氟-苯甲腈, 5-{(S)-2-[2-((S)-2-氰基比洛。定小基)_2-氧代_乙胺基]_丙 基}-5-(1Η-四唑-5-基)-1〇,11·二氫_5Η二苯并[a d]環庚烯_ 2,8-二羧酸雙-二甲基醯胺, 3- {(2S,4S)-4-[4-(3 -曱基-1-苯基·1H_吡唑 _5_基)口底嗪 ^ 基] 吡咯啶-2-羰基}噻唑啶, [(2R)-1_{[(3R)-吡咯啶-3-基胺基]乙醯基)吡咯啶_2•基]蝴 酸, (28,48)-1-(2.乙氧基幾基雙環[2 2 2]新小基)胺基]乙酿 基]-4·氣11比洛唆-1-甲猜’ 2_({6-[(3R)_3_胺基_3_甲基㈣小基]13二甲基从二氧 代-1’2’3,4-四氫·5Η·料并[3,2,唆-5_基}甲基氟苯 142466.doc •20· 201011029 甲腈,及 6-[叫3_胺基·终丨·基州^^)^ 1,5-一虱-吡咯并[3,2_dJ嘧啶_2,4_二鲖, 甲 或其醫藥可接受鹽。 下= 體Γ具體例Μ,較佳之·4抑制劑係指 °種或全部之化合物及其醫藥可接受鹽: :甲…“基)甲基]_”基_7:丁 _
(3傅胺基-㈣基)_黃料(比較购购/G18468, 實例 2(142)):
〇9〇:
• W(n,5]萘淀_2_基)甲基]_3_甲基_'(2 丁炔]基)8_ (W-3-胺基Hi•基)_黃嗓呤(比較觸2〇〇4船賴實 例 2(252)):
2(80)): 142466.doc -21 . 201011029
〇
nh2 • 2-((R)-3-胺基-哌啶-1-基)-3-(丁-2-炔基)-5-(4-甲基-喹唑 啉-2-基甲基)-3,5-二氫咪唑并[4,5-d]噠嗪-4-酮(比較WO 2004/050658,實例 136):
• 1-[(4-甲基-喹唑啉-2-基)甲基]-3-甲基-7-(2-丁炔-1-基)- 8-[(2-胺基-2-甲基-丙基)-甲胺基]-黃°票°令(比較WO 2006/029769,實例 2(1)): Ο
• 1 -[(3 -氛基-啥琳-2-基)甲基]-3-甲基-7-(2- 丁快-1 -基)-8- ((R)-3-胺基-哌啶-1-基)-黃嘌呤(比較WO 2005/085246,實 例 1(3 0)):
142466.doc -22- 201011029 Φ ζ /y τ f •鼠基-苄基卜3-甲基-7-(2-丁炔-1-基)-8-((R)-3-胺基- 派咬1基)-黃嗓吟(比較彻2〇〇5/〇85246,實例叩叫:
N
1-[(4-甲基-喹唑啉_2_基)甲基]_3_甲基_7_(2_ 丁炔基)_
[(S)-(2-胺基-丙基)_甲胺基]_黃嘌呤(比較w〇 2〇〇6/〇29769 實例 2(4))’:
• 1-[(3-氰基-吡啶-2-基)甲基]_3_甲基_7_(2 丁炔基)_8_ ((R) 3、胺基_派啶基)_黃嘌呤(比較,實 例 1(52)):
❿ N • W(4_甲基H2-基)甲基]I甲基小(2-丁炔小基)冬 ((R)-3-胺基-派淀小基)·黃嗓呤(比較w〇 2〇〇5/〇85246,實 例 1(81)): 142466.doc -23- 201011029
•卜[(4,6-二甲基·嘧啶-2_基)甲基]-3-甲基-7-(2- 丁炔-1-基)-8-((R)-3-胺基-哌啶-1-基黃嘌呤(比較w〇 2〇〇5/〇85246 ,實例 1(82)):
3-胺基-哌啶-1-基)-黃嘌呤(比較w〇 2〇〇5/〇85246,實例 1(83)):
該等DPP-4抑制劑與結構上相當的DPP-4抑制劑之區別 在於,當與其他醫藥活性物質聯合使用時,其將組合非預 期之效力及長期持續有利的醫藥性質、受體選擇性以及有 利的副作用輪廓,或帶來意想不到之治療優勢或改善作 用。該等抑制劑之製備方法揭示於文中所提及之公開案 中〇 於上文所述之本發明具體例A中的DPP-4抑制劑中,較 142466.doc •24- 201011029 佳之DPP-4抑制劑係l-[(4-曱基-喹唑啉-2-基)曱基]-3-曱基-7-(2-丁炔-1-基)-8-(3-(R)-胺基-派咬-1-基)-黃嗓吟,尤其係 其游離態(已稱為BI 1356)。 除另外指明,應理解根據本發明,於此上下文所提及之 活性化合物(包括DPP-4抑制劑)亦包含其醫藥可接受鹽以 及其水合物,溶劑化物與多晶態形式。該鹽類、其水合 ' 物、溶劑化物與多晶態形式之相關内容可參考此處所提及 者。 ® 就具體例A而言,合成本發明具體例A之DPP-4抑制劑之 方法為本技術者所知。有利地,根據本發明具體例A之 DPP-4抑制劑可使用文中所述之合成方法製備。因此,舉 例說,結構式(I)之嘌呤衍生物可根據WO 2002/068420、 WO 2004/018468、WO 2005/085246、WO 2006/029769或 WO 2006/048427所述之方法獲得,該等文件之揭示内容已 併入此處。結構式(II)之嘌呤衍生物可根據,舉例如,WO 2004/050658或WO 2005/110999中所述之方法獲得,該等 參 文件之揭示内容已併入此處。結構式(III)與(IV)之嘌呤衍 生物可根據,舉例如,WO 2006/068163、WO 2007/071738 或WO 2008/017670中所述之方法獲得,該等文件之揭示内 容已併入此處。此處上文特別描述之該等DPP-4抑制劑的 製備方法揭示於與其相關接之公開案中。特定DPP-4抑制 劑之多形晶體的改質作用及調配物分別揭示於WO 2007^28721與WO 2007/128724中,該等文件之揭示内容 以全文形式併入此處。特定DPP-4抑制劑與二甲雙胍或其 142466.doc -25· 201011029 他配對成分的調配物揭示於PCT/EP 2〇〇9〇53978中,該文 件之揭示内容以全文形式併入本文cBI 1356/二甲雙胍之 雙組合物的典型劑量強度為2 5/5〇〇 mg、2·5/85〇 mg與 2.5/1 000 mg 〇 就具體例B而言,具體例B之Dpp_4抑制劑的合成方法揭 示於科學文獻及/或出版專利文件,尤其於本文所引用之 文獻。 就溫血脊椎動物,尤其於人類之醫藥應用而言,本發明 之化合物通常以從0.001至100 mg/kg體重之劑量使用更 好以0.1-15 mg/kg體重之劑量範圍投藥,於各例中每天投 與1至4次。就此目的而言,該等化合物,視情況結合其他 活性物質,可與一種或多種惰性習知載體及/或稀釋劑, 例如與玉米澱粉、乳糖、葡萄糖、微晶纖維素、硬脂酸 鎂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、檸檬酸、酒石酸、水、水/乙醇、 水/甘油、水/山梨糖醇、水/聚乙二醇、丙二酵、十六烷基 硬脂酵、羧曱基纖維素或脂肪物質,例如硬脂肪或其合適 混合物,一起併入成習知藥用製劑,例如素錠或包衣錠' 膠囊、粉末、混懸劑或栓劑。 根據本發明之包含文中所定義之!)叩_4抑制劑的醫藥組 合物因此可由使用文中所述之醫藥可接受調配賦型劑由本 技術者製備。該等賦型劑實例包括,但不僅限於,稀釋 劑、黏合劑、載體、填料、潤滑劑、流動性促進劑、結晶 阻滞劑、崩解劑、增溶劑、著色劑、pH調節劑、表面活性 劑與乳化劑。 142466.doc -26 - 201011029 於某些具體例中,本發明之DPP-4抑制劑較好供口服, 因此其呈錠劑較佳。該錠劑通常包含該活性成分及—或多 種稀釋劑、填料及/或載體,以及視情況之一或多種黏人 劑、一或多種潤滑劑、一或多種崩解劑及/或一或多種助 流劑’以及若需要之薄膜包衣劑。 適於具體例A之該化合物的稀釋劑實例包括纖維素粉 末、磷酸氫鈣、赤蘚糖醇、低取代羥丙基纖維素、甘露 醇、預明膠化殿粉或木糖醇。於該等稀釋劑中,甘露醇、 低取代羥丙基纖維素與預明膠化澱粉尤為受強調。 用於具體例A之化合物的適宜潤滑劑之實例包括滑石 粉、聚乙二醇、山嵛酸鈣、硬脂酸鈣、氫化蓖麻油或硬脂 酸鎮。於該等潤滑劑中硬脂酸鎂尤為受強調。 用於具體例A之化合物之適宜黏合劑之實例包括共聚維 酮(乙烯"比洛燒嗣與乙稀衍生物之共聚合物)、經丙基甲基 纖維素(HPMC)、羥丙基纖維素(HPC)、聚乙烯„比咯烷嗣 (聚維酮)、預明膠化澱粉、或低取代羥丙基纖維素 HPC) °於該等黏合劑中共聚維酮與預明膠化澱粉尤為受強 調。 用於具體例A之化合物之適宜崩解劑實例包括玉米澱粉 或交聯聚吨咯烷酮,於該等崩解劑中玉米澱粉尤為受強 調。 製備本發明具體例A之DPP-4抑制劑之醫藥調配物之方 法為: •將混有合適製錠賦型劑之活性物質粉末混合物直接製 142466.doc •27- 201011029 錠; •以適宜賦型劑粒化,再與適宜賦型劑混合,,然後進行製 錠及薄膜包衣;或者 •將粉末混合或顆粒填入膠囊。 合適之粒化方法為: •於強力混合器中進行濕法製粒接著經由流化床乾燥丨 •單鍋粒化; •流化床粒化;或
以適且賦型劑乾燥製粒(例如經由碾壓),然後進行製錠 或填充於膠囊中。 本發明具體例A之DPP_4抑制劑之供口服使用(尤其是錠 劑)之較佳列舉組合物包括第一稀釋劑甘露醇、具有額外 黏合劑^之預明勝化激粉作為第二稀釋劑、黏合劑共聚 維酮、朋解劑玉米殿粉及作為_劑之硬脂酸镁,其中共 聚維酮及/或玉米澱粉可選擇性地添加。 於另-具體例中’本發明之Dpp_4#制劑可用於外敷而
因此’例如,其可讀膏之形式存在。該外敷之製劑通常 I 3此有適於外敷製劑之載體材料的活性成份,例如,甘 油酯、半合成及合成甘油酯、氫化油、液體蠟、液體石 躐、液體脂_、㈣、聚乙二醇及/或纖維素衍生物。 關於本發明Dpp_4抑制劑之劑型、調配物與投藥之詳細 情況’可參考科學文獻及/或出版專利X件,尤其於本文 所引用之文件。 就第具體例(具體例A)而言,當以靜脈注射方式投藥 142466.doc •28· 201011029 時,於具體例A所提及之該等DPP-4抑制劑之所需劑量通 常為0.1 mg至10 mg,0.25 mg至5 mg尤佳’而當以口服方 式投藥時,通常為0.5 mg至1 〇〇 mg,而2.5 mg至50 mg、或 〇.5 mg 至10 mg 尤佳,2.5 mg 至 10 mg、或1 mg 至 5 mg 最 佳’各例中每天投與1至4次。因此,例如,當以口服投藥 時’ 1-[(4-曱基-喹唑啉-2-基)曱基]-3-曱基-7-(2-丁炔-1-基)-8-(3-(R)-胺基-哌啶-1-基)_黃嘌呤之投藥量係每個患者 每天0.5 mg至10 mg,較好為每個患者每天2.5 mg至10 mg 或1 mg至5 mg更佳。 包括以具體例A中所提及之DPP-4抑制劑之醫藥組合物 所製備之劑型’含有〇.1 〇〇 mg劑量範圍之活性成份。因 此’例如,1-[(4-曱基-喹唑啉_2_基)甲基]_3·曱基-7-(2-丁 块-1-基)-8-(3-(R)-胺基-哌啶-丨·基)·黃嘌呤之特定投藥強度 係 0.5 mg、1 mg、2.5 mg、5 mg與 10 mg。 就第二具體例(具體例B)而言,對哺乳動物,例如人 類’例如其體重大概為70 kg者,投與於具體例B中所提及 之DPP_4抑制劑的劑量可約為每人每曰0.5 mg至350 mg之 '舌性部分’例如約為10 mg至250 mg,而20-200 mg更佳, 最佳為20-100 mg,或者每人每曰劑量約為〇.5 mg至20 mg ’而2.5·ΐ〇 mg尤佳’將此劑量分成1至4份最佳,例 如’每份之量相等。單次劑量強度包括,例如10、25、 40 ' 50、7c ’5、1〇〇、150與200 mg之DPP-4抑制劑活性部 分。 DPP""4抑制劑西他列汀(sitagliptin)之劑量強度通常為25 142466.doc •29- 201011029 至200 mg之間的活性部分。西他列汀之推薦劑量係每曰一 次性投與100 mg(以活性部分(無水游離鹼)計算)。西他列 汀無水游離鹼(活性部分)之單位劑量強度為25、5〇、以、 100、150與200 mg。西他列汀之特定單位劑量強渡(例如 每錠)為25、50與100 mg。於醫藥組合物中使用與無水游 離鹼西他列汀相等量之磷酸單水合物西他列汀,即分別爲 32.Π、64.25、96.38、128.5、192.75、與 257 叫。對於腎 功能衰竭之患者使用25與50 mg西他列汀之調整劑量。西 他列汀/二曱雙胍之雙組合物的典型劑量強度為5〇/5〇〇 及 50/1000 mg。 DPP-4抑制劑維格列汀(vildag丨iptin)之劑量範圍通常為 每日10至150 mg之間,特別地為每日25至15〇 mg,25至 1〇〇 mg之間,或25至50 mg、或5〇至1〇〇 mg之間每曰口 服劑量之特殊實例為25、30、35、45、50、55、60、80、 100或150 mg ^於更特定方面,維格列汀之每日投與量可 為25至150 mg或50至100 mg之間。於另一更特定方面, 維格列✓丁之每日投與量可為50或1〇〇 mg。活性成份之應用 每曰可發生多達3次,每日1至2次尤佳。雉格列汀之特定 劑量強度為50 mg或1〇〇 mg。維格列汀/二甲雙胍之雙組合 物的典型劑量強度為50/850 mg與50/1000 mg。 投與患者之阿格列汀(AlogHptin)的日劑量可為5 mg/曰 至250 mg/日之間’視情況亦可為1〇呵至2〇〇 mg之間視 情況亦可為1 〇 mg至150 mg之間,及視情況亦可為丨〇 mg至 100 mg之間的阿格列汀(每例皆基於阿格列汀游離鹼形式 142466.doc -30- 201011029 之分子量)。因此’每曰可使用之阿格列汀具體劑量包 括,但不僅限於,10 mg、12.5 mg、20 mg、25 mg、50 mg、75 mg與100 mg。阿格列汀可以其遊離鹼形式或醫藥 可接受鹽形式投與。
投與患者之沙格利汀日劑量可為2 5 mg/曰至丨〇〇 mg/日 之間,視情況亦可為2.5 mg至50 mg之間。沙格利汀每日 之可使用的具體劑量包括,但不僅限於,2 5 mg、5 mg、 10 mg、15 mg、20 mg、3〇 mg、4〇 mg、5〇 mg與 1〇〇 叫。 /y格利/丁 /一甲雙胍之雙組合物的習知劑量強度為2 5/5〇〇 mg與 2.5/1000 mg。 本發明之DPP-4抑制劑的特定具體例代表該等以口服投 與之DPP-4抑制劑’其以低劑量達到治療有效,例如每個 患者每日之π服劑量〈⑽邮或<7〇叫,<5〇叫尤佳而 <30mg或<2Gmg更佳,甚至為lmg錢叫更佳尤其為上 mg至5 mg(更特別地為5 mg),每患者每日(如需要可將 劑量分為1至4單份’特別地為1或2單份,每單份之量相 等較好每日口服投與1次或2次(每曰i次更佳),較好可 於每日之任何進食或非進食時間投與。因此,例如,日口 服劑量5吨梭⑽可以每日—次之投藥療程(舉例說, 母日1次投與5 mg BI 1356)或每日2次之 說’每日2次各投與2·5 療程(舉例 食或非進食時間投與。)投與’且可於任何進 於本發明之含義欲特別強調之最佳DP […-啥…-基)甲基卜3_甲基_7·(2_ 丁块+ = 142466.doc -31 - 201011029 ⑻-胺基-银啶-1_基)·黃嘌呤(亦稱為BI 1356)。則1356展 現出其高效能,24 h持續作用’及寬廣之治療期。於接受 過多種每日1次口服1、2.5、5或10 mg劑量之Bi 1356歷時 12天療程的患者身上,BI 1356表現出如下之藥效學與藥 動學特徵(例如,示於以下表υ :迅速到達穩態(例如於所 有劑量組療法之第2至第5天之間達到穩態企漿量(於第! 3 天時>90%之投藥前血漿濃度)),積累量小(例如,於1 mg 以上之劑里中其平均積累量比率RA心以丨4)及維持Dpp_4 抑制作用之持久效果(例如,對於5瓜^與1 〇 劑量,Dpp_ 4之抑制作用幾乎完全(>90%),例如於穩態仍維持% 3%與 7.3 /〇之抑制作用及藥物攝取後24小時間隔為之抑制 作用(P)),以及對於22.5 mg劑量(幾乎於第1天)餐後2小時 内之血糖波動顯著下降d〇%,及於第1天排出尿液中,未 改變之母化合物的累積量小於1%且於第12天時其累積量 上升不超過約3-6%(對各口服投與量之腎臟清除率C、』 為14至70 mL/min之間,例如,對5 mg劑量之腎臟清除率 約為70 mL/min)。對於患有2型糖尿病之患者,m η%表 現出如安慰劑般之安全性與耐受性。當以約”叫之低劑 ㈣’ BI 1356表現為-種具有24小時完全持續聊_4抑制 作用之確實每Η次口服藥物。BI 1356主要經由肝臟排出 且僅以微量(約<7%之π服投與量)經由腎臟排出。m 1356 主要經由膽液不變地排出。經由腎臟排出的βΙ 1356之比 例隨時間變化與劑量增加非常小,以致將不需要對基於患 者腎功能敎之BI 1356劑量進行修改。結合其低積累^ 142466.doc -32· 201011029 能性與廣泛安全性邊界,該非腎排出之BI 1356將極其有 益於患有高發病率腎功能衰竭與糖尿病性腎病之病患人 σ 〇 表1 :於穩態(第12天)之ΒΙ 1356的幾何平均數(gMean)與幾 何變異係數(gCV)的藥物動力學參數 參數 1 mg G平均值 (gCV) 2.5 mg G平均值 (gCV) 5 mg G平均值 (gCV) 10 mg G平均值 (gCV) auc〇.24 [nmol-h/L] 40.2(39.7) 85.3 (22.7) 118(16.0) 161 (15.7) AUCT;SS [nmol-h/L] 81.7 (28.3) 117(16.3) 158 (10.1) 190(17.4) [nmol/L] 3.13 (43.2) 5.25 (24.5) 8.32 (42.4) 9.69 (29.8) CmaXjSs [nmol/L] 4.53 (29.0) 6.58 (23.0) 11.1 (21.7) 13.6(29.6) W* [h] 1.50 [1.00-3.00] 2.00 [1.00-3.00] 1.75 [0.92 -6.02] 2.00 [1.50-6.00] tmax,ss* [h] 1.48 [1.00-3.00] 1.42 [1.00-3.00] 1.53 [1.00-3.00] 1.34 [0.50-3.00] T'/J)SS [h] 121 (21.3) 113(10.2) 131 (17.4) 130(11.7) 说之累積, [h] 23.9 (44.0) 12.5 (18.2) 11.4 (37.4) 8.59 (81.2) ^A,Cmax 1.44 (25.6) 1.25(10.6) 1.33 (30.0) 1.40 (47.7) Ra,auc 2.03 (30.7) 1.37(8.2) 1.33 (15.0) 1.18(23.4) Fe〇.24 [%] NC 0.139(51.2) 0.453 (125) 0.919(115) fetsss [%] 3.34 (38.3) 3.06 (45.1) 6.27 (42.2) 3.22 (34.2) [mL/min] * rb ^ A. ^ 14.0 (24.2) 23.1 (39.3) 70 (35.0) 59.5 (22.5) NC因大部份值低於定量極限,故未計算 m ❹ 142466.doc •33· 201011029 =為不同之新陳代謝功能障礙經常㈣發生所以這經 常表示需要將大量的不同活性成份相互結合使用。因此, 斷出之功能障礙而定,如果卿_4抑制劑與慣用於 “礙症之活性成份組合,例如_或多種選自其他抗糖 β病藥物之$性成份,尤其係降低血液中▲糖或血脂量, 提升血液巾HDL量,降血壓或者於動脈硬化或肥胖治療中 被證實的活性成份,也許可得到改善治療之成果。 “再者’於本發明之含義中,視情況加入其他組合配對 樂’ DPP-4抑制劑可與一或多種一般用於治療(慢性)傷口 之藥物組合。 上述之DPP·4抑制劑,除其於單-療法之用途以外,亦 可聯合其他活性成份_起使用,以此可獲得改善治療之成 果。该聯合療法可以成份自由組合或固定組合之方式給 出,例如以錠劑或膠囊形式。該等此處所需之組合配對藥 之醫藥調配物可自商業上以醫藥組合物獲得或可由本技術 者使用習知方法調配。該等可以商業上由醫藥組合物獲得 之活性成份揭示於先前文獻之多處,例如每年出版之藥物 表,醫藥工業聯邦協會的「Rote Liste⑧」,或每年更新 的製造商調配物藥物信息,亦稱為「醫師案頭參考」。 抗糖尿病組合配對藥之實例有二曱雙胍;磺脲類藥物例 如格列本腺(glibenclamide)、曱磺丁脲、格列美脲 (ghmepinde)、格列吡嗪(glipizide)、格列喹酮、 格列波脲(glibornuride)與格列齊特(giiciazide);那格列奈 (nateglinide);瑞格列奈(repagiinide);噻唑啶二酮類藥物 142466.doc -34· 201011029 例如羅格列酮(1"〇3丨§1^32〇116)與°比格列酮(pioglitazone); PPAR-γ調節劑例如第二代胰島素增敏劑(metaglidases); PPAR-γ激動劑例如 GI 262570; PPAR-γ拮抗劑;PPAR-γ/α 調節劑如提格列扎(tesaglitazar)、莫格列扎(muraglitazar)、 阿格列札(aleglitazar)、因代葛塔(indeglitazar)、AVE0897 與KRP297 ; PPAR-γ/α/δ調節劑;AMPK-激活劑如 • AICAR ;乙醯辅酶A羧化酶(ACC1與ACC2)抑制劑;二醯 基甘油-乙醯轉移酶(DGAT)抑制劑;胰島β細胞激動劑例如 Φ SMT3-受體-激動劑與 GPR119 ; 11 β-HSD-抑制劑;FGF19 激動劑或類似物;α-葡萄糖苷酶阻斷劑例如阿卡波糖 (acarbose)、格列波糖(voglibose)與米格列醇(miglitol); α2-拮抗劑;胰島素與胰島素類似物例如人胰島素、賴脯 (lispro)胰島素、格魯辛(glusilin)胰島素、r-DNA-腺島素類 似物、NPH胰島素、地特(detemir)胰島素、胰島素辞懸浮 液與甘精(glargin)胰島素;胃性抑制胜肽(GIP);普蘭林胜 肽(pramlintide),達瓦林胜肽(davalintide);騰淀素(amylin) ® 與胰淀素類似物或GLP-1與GLP-1類似物例如森啶 (Exendin)-4,如艾塞那胜肽(exenatide)、艾塞那胜肽 (exenatide)-LAR、利拉魯胜肽(liraglutide)、他司魯胜肽 (taspoglutide)、AVE-0010、LY-2428757、LY-2189265、 希瑪魯肽(semaglutide)或艾碧魯肽(albiglutide) ; SGLT2-抑 制劑例如KGT-1251 ;蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶抑制劑;葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶抑制劑;1,6-二磷酸酶調節劑;糖原磷酸化酶調 節劑;胰高血糖素受體拮抗劑;磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶 142466.doc -35- 201011029 (PEPCK)抑制劑;丙酮酸脫氫酶激酶(PDK)抑制劑;酪氨 酸激酶抑制劑(50 mg至600 mg)例如PDGF-受體-激酶(引述 於 EP-A-564409,WO 98/35958,US 5093330,WO 2004/005281,與WO 2006/041976);含葡萄糖激酶激活劑 之葡萄糖激酶/調節蛋白調節劑;糖原合酶激酶抑制劑; 含SH2結構域肌醇5-磷酸酶2型抑制劑(SHIP2) ; IKK抑制劑 例如利妥貝洛(ritobegron),YM178,梭拉貝洛(solabegron), 塔莉貝洛(talibegron),N_5984,GRC-1087,拉法貝洛 (rafabegron),FMP825 ;醛糖還原酶抑制劑例如AS 3201、 φ 折那司他(zenarestat)、非達司他(fldarestat)、依帕司他 (epalrestat)、藍利司他(ranirestat)、NZ_314、CP-744809、 與CT-112 ; SGLT-1或SGLT-2抑制劑,例如達帕利氟嗪 (dapagliflozin)、絲葛利氟"秦(sergliflozin)、阿替利氟嗪 (atigliflozin)、拉納利氟嗓(larnagliflozin)或肯納利氟嗓 (canagliflozin)(或結構式(Ι-S)或(I-K)之化合物,引自WO 2009/035969) ; KV 1.3通道抑制劑;GPR40調節劑;SCD-1 抑制劑;CCR-2拮抗劑;多巴胺受體激動劑(甲磺酸溴隱亭/ ® 塞克洛瑟(bromocriptine mesylate/Cycloset));與其他 DPP IV抑制劑。 二甲雙胍通常以每日約250 mg至3000 mg之劑量範圍, 特別地約500 mg至2000 mg乃至25 00 mg之劑量範圍投藥, 使用多種劑量療程,例如約100 mg至500 mg或200 mg至 850 mg(每曰分為1-3次),或約300 mg至1000 mg每日分為1 或2次,或投與緩釋二甲雙胍,其劑量約為100 mg至1〇〇〇 142466.doc -36- 201011029 mg或500 mg至1000 mg尤佳,每日分為1或2次,或約500 mg至2000 mg,每日1次。鹽酸二甲雙胍之特殊劑量強度可 為 250、500、625、750、850與 1000 mg 〇 吡格列酮(pioglitazone)之劑量通常為每曰1_1() mg、15 mg、30 mg、或 45 mg。 羅格列酮(Rosiglitazone)之劑量投法通常為每曰一次4至 8 mg(或分為2次)(典型劑量強度為2、4與8 mg)。 格列本腺(Glibenclamide)(優降糖)之劑量投法通常為2 5 © 至20 mg,每日一次(典型劑量強度為1.25、2.5與5 mg), 或微粉化格列本脲(Glibenclamide)之劑量為0.75至12 mg, 每曰1次(或分為2次)(典型劑量強度為1.5、3、4 5與6 mg)。 格列吡嗪(Glipizide)之劑量投法通常為2.5至40 mg,每 曰1次(或分為2次)(典型劑量強度為5與10 mg),或緩釋格 列吡嗪(Glipizide)之劑量為5至20 mg,每曰1次(典型劑量 強度為2.5、5與10 mg)。 〇 格列美脲(Glimepiride)之劑量投法為1至8 mg,每日1次 (典型劑量強度為1、2與4 mg)。 格列本腺(glibenclamide)/二曱雙胍之雙組合的劑量投法 通常為1.25/250,每曰1次,至10/1000 mg,每曰分為2次 (典型劑量強度為 1.25/250,2.5/500與 5/500 mg)。 格列°比嗪(glipizide)/二甲雙胍之雙組合的劑量投法通常 為2.5/250至10/1000 mg,每曰分為2次(典型劑量強度為 2.5/250、2.5/500與 5/500 mg) ° 142466.doc -37- 201011029 格列美脲(glimepiride)/二甲雙胍之雙組合的劑量投法通 常為1/250至4/1000 mg,每日分為2次。 羅格列酮(Rosiglitazone)/格列美腺(glimepiride)之雙組 合的劑量投法通常為4/1 mg,每日一次,或4/2 mg,每曰 分為2次(典型劑量強度為4/1、4/2、4/4、8/2與8/4 mg)。 0比格列酮(pioglitazone)/格列美脲(glimepiride)之雙組合 的劑量投法通常為30/2至30/4 mg,每曰1次(典型劑量強度 為 30/4與 45/4 mg)。 羅格列嗣(Rosiglitazone)/二曱雙胍之雙組合物的劑量投 法通常為1/500至4/1000 mg,每曰分為2次(典型劑量強度 為 1/500、2/500、2/1000及 4/1000 mg) ° 0比格列酮(pioglitazone)/二曱雙脈之雙組合的劑量投法通 常為15/5 00 mg,每日1次或兩次,至15/8 50 mg,每日分為 3次(典型劑量強度為15/500與15/850 mg)。 非磺脲類胰島素分泌刺激劑那格列奈(nateglinide)之劑 量投法為60至120 mg,進餐時投與(可達360 mg/曰,典型 劑量強度為60與120 mg);瑞格列萘(repaglinide)之劑量投 法為0.5至4 mg,進餐時投與(可達16 mg/曰,典型劑量強 度為0.5、1與2111§)。瑞格列萘(^卩&经1丨11丨(16)/二曱雙脈之雙 組合的劑量強度可為1/500與2/850 mg。 阿卡波糖(Acarbose)之劑量投法為25至100 mg’進餐時 投與(可達3 00 mg/曰,典型劑量強度為25、50與100 mg)。 米格列醇(Miglitol)之劑量投法為25至100 mg,進餐時投與 (可達300 mg/日,典型劑量強度為25、50與100 mg)。 142466.doc -38- 201011029 習知抗糖尿病與抗高血糖藥物,通常用於單一或雙組合 或三組合(逐個添加或初始組合)療法,其包括,但不僅限 於,二甲雙胍,確醯腺類,喧唑咬二酮類,格列奈類,α-葡萄糖苷酶阻斷劑,GLP-1與GLP-1類似物,以及胰島素 與胰島素類似物,例如本文以實例所提及之藥劑,包括其 組合物。 可降低血液中血脂量之組合配對劑的實例有HMG-CoA-還原酶抑制劑如辛伐拉汀(simvastatin)、阿托伐他汀 (atorvastatin)、洛伐他汀(lovastatin)、氟伐他汀(fluvastatin) 、普伐他汀(pravastatin)、匹伐他汀(pitavastatin)與羅蘇伐 他汀(rosuvastatin);貝特類藥物(fibrates)如苯扎貝特 (bezafibrate)、非諾貝特(fenofibrate)、氯貝特(clofibrate)、 吉非貝齊(gemHbrozil)、依托貝特(etofibrate)與益多安妥 明(etofyllinclofibrate);終酸及其衍生物如阿西莫司 (acipimox) ; PPAR-α激動劑;PPAR-δ激動劑;醯基辅酶A: 膽固醇脂醯轉移酶(ACAT ; EC 2.3.1.26)如阿伐麥布 (avasimibe);膽固醇吸收抑制劑如依替米貝;結合於膽汁 酸之物質,例如消膽胺、考來替泊(colestipol)與考來維奋 (colesevelam);膽汁酸轉移抑制劑;HDL調節活性物質如 D4F、反向D4F、LXR調節活性物質與FXR調節活性物質; CETP抑制劑如托徹普(torcetrapib)、JTT-705/達色崔比 (dalcetrapib)、安納崔比(anacetrapib)或引自 WO 2007/005572 之化合物12/安納崔比(anacetrapib) ; LDL受體調節劑;與 ΑροΒΙΟΟ 反義 RNA。 142466.doc -39- 201011029 阿托伐他汀(atorvastatin)之劑量投法通常為1 mg至40 mg 或10 mg至80 mg,每日1次。 可降低血壓之組合配對劑的實例有β -阻斷劑如阿替洛爾 (atenolol)、比索洛爾(bisoprolol)、塞利洛爾(celipr〇i〇i)、 美托洛爾(metoprolol)與卡維地洛(carvedilol);利尿劑如氫 氯嗟嗪、氯D塞酮、希帕胺(xipamide)、吱塞米(furosemide) 、π比鳴他尼(piretanide)、托拉塞米(torasemide)、安艎舒通 (spironolactone)、依普利酮(eplerenone)、阿米洛利(ainiloride) 與氨苯蝶咬(triamterene);約通道阻斷劑如氨氯地平 (amlodipine)、石肖苯地平(nifedipine)、尼群地平(nitrendipine) 、尼索地平(nisoldipine)、尼卡地平(nicardipine)、非洛地 平(felodipine)、拉西地平(lacidipine)、樂卡地平(lercanipidine) 、馬尼地平(manidipine)、伊拉地平(isradipine)、尼伐地平 (nilvadipine)、維拉帕米(verapamil)、戈洛帕米(gallopamil) 與地爾硫卓(diltiazem) ; ACE抑制劑如雷米普利(ramipril)、 賴諾普利(lisinopril)、西拉普利(cilazapril)、喧那普利 (quinapril)、卡托普利(captopril)、依那普利(enalapril)、 貝那普利(benazepril)、培°朵普利(perindopril)、福辛普利 (fosinopril)與群多普利(trandolapril);以及血管緊張素Π 受體拮抗劑(ARBs)如替米沙坦(telmisartan)、坎地沙坦 (candesartan)、線沙坦(valsartan)、洛沙坦(losartan)、伊貝 沙坦(irbesartan)、奥美沙坦(olmesartan)與伊普羅沙坦 (eprosartan) ° 替米沙坦之劑量投法通常為每日20 mg至320 mg、或40 142466.doc •40- 201011029 mg至 160 mg ° 可提高血液中HDL量之組合配對劑的實例有膽固醇酯轉 運蛋白(CETP)抑制劑;内皮酯酶抑制劑;ABC 1調節劑; LXR-α-拮抗劑;LXR-β-拮抗劑;PPAR-δ-激動劑;LXR-α/β-調節劑,以及該等可促進載脂蛋白A-Ι之表現與提高載 脂蛋白A-Ι之血漿濃度的物質。 用於治療肥胖之組合配對劑的實例有西布曲明 (sibutramine);四氫利潑斯汀(tetrahydrolipstatin)(奥利司 〇 他(orlistat))、西替利司他(cetilistat) ; alizyme ;右旋芬氟 拉明(dexfenfluramine);阿索開(axokine);大麻素受體1拮 抗劑如CB1拮抗劑利莫納班;MCH-1受體拮抗劑;MC4受 體拮抗劑;NPY5以及NPY2拮抗劑;β-3-AR激動劑如SB-418790與八〇-9677;511丁2(:受體激動劑如八?〇 3 56/氯卡色 林(lorcaserin);肌抑素抑制劑;Acrp30與脂聯素;硬脂醯 CoA去飽和酶(SCD1)抑制劑;脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)抑制 劑;CCK受體激動劑;生長素受體調節劑;Pyy 3-36 ;食 ® 慾素受體拮抗劑;與泰梭吩辛(tesofensine);以及雙組合 物如安非他綱(bupropion)/納曲酿| (naltrexone)、安非他_ (bupropion)/°坐尼沙胺(zonisamide)、托 11比醋(topiramate)/芬 特明(phentermine)與普蘭林肽(pramlintide)/美崔列汀 (metreleptin)。 用於治療動脈硬化之組合配對劑的實例有磷脂酶A2抑制 劑;酷·氨酸激酶(50 mg至600 mg)抑制劑如PDGF受體激酶 (引自歐洲專利-A-564409,WO 98/35958,US 5093330, 142466.doc -41 - 201011029 WO 2004/005281,與 WO 2006/041976) ; oxLDL 抗體與 oxLDL疫苗 ’ apoA-1 米蘭諾(Milano) ; ASA ;與 VCAM-1 抑 制劑。 %知用於治療(慢性)傷口之藥物的實例包括,但不僅限 於,口服與外用藥劑,例如己酮可可鹼、伊洛前列素 (iloprost)、抗菌劑(例如含碘製劑、銀釋放劑、標靶細菌 於數個量之抗菌劑、全身性抗生素等等)、三硝酸甘油酯 (一氧化氮供體)、鈣離子拮抗劑(如地爾硫卓(dUtiazem)與 硝苯地平(nifedipine))、系統性皮質類固醇、鋅(外用或口 服)、苯妥英鈉(phenytoin)(外用)、維甲酸(retin〇ids)、與/ 或止痛藥。 本發明所及之範圍不僅限於文中所論述之該等具體實 例。各種除本文所論述之實例外的修飾可為熟悉該項目之 技術者經由本發明之揭示内容所認知。該等修飾將列入附 加之申請專利範圍。 文中所引用之所有專利案將以其全文之形式併入本文。 本發明之其他實施例,特點及優勢將於下列實施變得顯 而易見。以下實例係以舉例方式詮釋於不侷限本發明之理 論。 實例 使用ob/ob小鼠並採用作為研究糖尿病損傷傷口癒合之 試驗模型。該等動物皆患有與人類狀況(例如肥胖,胰島 素阻抗)表現症狀相似的嚴重糖尿病及肥胖症候群。試圖 經由使用胰島素與飲食以降低肥胖小氣體内之血糖,但其 142466.doc •42· 201011029 表現仍如其於肥胖與糖尿病狀態時一樣,且無法改善近期 所得到之於該等動物身上的治療效果。 接夂過12天BI 1356治療之〇b/〇b小鼠於治療過程中表現 出傷口上皮再形成作用之顯著改善效果,因為傷口邊緣上 皮之距離呈現顯著之減小(BI 1356組:〇 74±〇 9〇^對 照組:2.02±1.07 mm,A、B)。依據改善之傷口上皮化程 度,於對照組受損傷口上觀察到PMN之全面積累量,但於 1356組ob/ob小鼠中卻觀察不到此現象。經由糖耐量試 ❿ 驗後,該等接受過BI 1356之動物(C)的葡萄糖波動降低了 25%(絕對 AUC) » 總之’81 1356證實了於〇13/〇1)小鼠上驚人之傷口瘡合加 速作用’以及與其相關的降低葡萄糖波動之作用。此效果 也許’或至少,能部份地歸因於其血糖降低能力。因此, DPP-4抑制劑BI 1356可用於與傷口癒合相關之糖尿病併發 症如糖尿病足。 測試方法 年齡為8-9週之雌性C57Bl/6J-ob/ob小鼠被用於試驗中。 於氣胺酮麻醉下在每個動物個體之背部設置6處切除傷口 (包括肉膜)。該等動物每日接受3 mg/kg之BI 1356或甲基 纖維素(1-2%)。第10天時,於尾巴尖進行(取樣點為〇, 30,60,90,120與180 min) 口服葡萄糖耐量試驗(2 g/kg)。該等動物於異氟烷麻醉下經由頸椎脫位方法殺死且 對其傷口進行組織學分析。其血清則用於DPP-4活性檢 測。組織學試驗:於6-8 μπι石蠟包覆以及經由伊紅_蘇木 142466.doc •43- 201011029 素染色的以多聚曱醛固定之切屑上進行。另外,多形核嗜 中性白血球(PMN)藉由免疫組織化學染色之Ly6G作為傷口 發炎之強大指示劑。(引自S. Frank,Methods in Molecular Medicine 2003, Kampfer, Diabetes 2006) 〇 結果 A) 經由BI 1356與不經由bi 1356治療之組織學試驗 如圖1所示,於該等經由BI 1356治療之動物的傷口組織 上,其組織學分析結果揭示了傷口形態與傷口上皮再生作 用之顯著改善效果。 此外,如圖1所示,藉由免疫組織化學分析之Ly6G(由圖 1該等反映炎症狀態之三角形符號表示),多形核嗜中性白 血球(PMN)被認作為傷口發炎之強大指示劑。嗜中性白血 球係傷口之第一道防禦細胞;但於慢性傷口中,被拖延之 嗜中性白血球浸潤作用加重了癒合傷口之炎症與損傷。根 據經改善之傷口上皮化作用,觀察到接受ΒΙ Η%治療之 祕小鼠中的謂積累量之全面減少現象,但於:照組 動物中卻沒有觀察到。 B) 接受與非接受BI 1356治療之〇b/〇b小鼠的傷口尺寸 之總結 如圖2所示,根據對ob/〇b小鼠的βΙ 1356投與量以及傷口 邊緣上皮之距離的量化值,揭示出該等接受BI 1356治療 之動物的傷口尺寸明顯減小。 C) 接受BI 1356或載劑治療之〇b/〇b小氣中葡萄糖的恒 穩性 142466.doc 201011029
根據降低葡萄糖波動作用,經由以劑量為3 mg/kg/d2 BI 1356治療12天後,〇b/〇b小鼠中之DPP-4活性高度有意義地 (p<0.0001)降低至 80%。 對於正常C57BI/6小鼠(每組n=10),經由14天3〇 mg/kg/d 之最高劑量的療程可獲得95%之全DPP_4抑制作用 (p<0.0001)。對於該等動物,BI 1356療程亦證明改善傷口 癒合之趨勢。傷口閉合之估計半週期,例如50%傷口面積
閉合之時間,於對照組(n=10)經計算為7.7天而於接受BI 1356治療之動物為6.8天,儘管其相差於統計上並不明 顯。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1顯示以對照組(a)與經BI 1356(b)治療之ob/ob小鼠之 傷口組織。箭頭與線代表上皮邊緣,三角形代表經染色之 嗜中性白血球。gt :肉芽組織,he :過度增生上皮;ne : 新生上皮。比例尺=300 μηι ; ❹ 圖2顯示經ΒΪ 1356治療或對照組(10天,η=9)之〇b/〇b小 鼠的傷口尺寸;及 圖3顯示經由口服糖耐量試驗與1〇天趴1356療程或對照 組之〇b/〇b小鼠(n=9,於第1〇天進行OGTT)的葡萄糖八沉。 142466.doc 45·
Claims (1)
- 201011029 七、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種用於傷口癒合之DPP-4抑制劑 其於第一具體例(具體例A)中,係 其具有結構式(I) R1.N (I) ❹ 或結構式(II)或結構式(III)(III) 或結構式(IV)(IV) 其中R1代表([1,5]萘啶-2-基)曱基、(喹唑啉-2-基)甲基、 (喹喔啉-6-基)甲基、(4-甲基-喹唑啉-2-基)甲基、2-氰基-苄基、(3-氰基-喹啉-2-基)曱基、(3-氰基-吼啶-2-基)曱 142466.doc 201011029 基' (4-甲基-嘧啶-2-基)甲基、或(4,6_二甲基-嘧啶_2_ 基)甲基,且R2表示3-(R)-胺基辰啶基、(2_胺基_2-甲 基-丙基甲胺基或(2_(S)_胺基_丙基)·甲胺基, 或其醫藥上可接受的鹽; 或於第一具體例(具體例B)中,其係選自由以下組成之 群: 西他列汀(sitagliptin)、維格列汀(vildagHptin)、沙格利 >丁、阿格列;丁(alogliptin), (2S)-l-{[2♦甲基_2_苯基_嗯哇_4•基)_乙胺基]-乙醯基卜 吡咯啶-2-甲腈, •咪唑-1-基)-丙胺 (2S)-l-{[l,i,_二甲基 _3_(4_0比〇定·3 基 基]-乙醯基}-»比洛啶-2-甲腈, (8)-1-((28,3 8,1118)-2-胺基_9, 六氫-2Η-吡啶并[2,1-a]異喹啉 酮, 1〇-二甲氧基 _l,3,4,6,7,llb-3基)-4-氟甲基比略咬_2_ (4_(°密啶_2-基)哌嗪-i_ (3,3-二氟 °比洛咬-1-基)-((2S,4S>4 基)°比略咬-2-基)甲酮, 二氟D比哈咬 氟哌啶-2-_ (1((3S,4S)-4-胺基-1-(4-(3,3- 秦-2-基)β比洛咬-3-基)-5,5 -二 篡脸其1 /搞盆、,# 里-1-基甲基)環戍 基胺基]-乙酿基}-4-氣。比洛〇定甲腈, (R)-2-[6-(3-胺基-哌啶-^基 土 Ά4-二 ^ /u 4- ^ 氫-2H-嘯咬_1_基甲基]_4-氟·笨甲腈, 5-{(S)-2-[2-((S)-2-氰基-吼咯咬q 美 土 氡代-乙胺基]-丙 142466.doc -2- 201011029 基}-5-(1Η-四唑-5-基)_10 u_ _ —^-5H-二苯并[a,(i]環庚 稀-2,8 - 一叛酸-雙二甲基酿胺, 3-{(2S,4S)-4-[4-(3_ 甲基-^装其 本基_1Η·吡唑-5-基)哌嗪-1- 基]β比洛咬-2 -基幾基} η塞n坐^定, [(2R)-1-{[(3R)-吼咯啶-3-基胺其 w 胺基]乙醯基}吡咯啶-2-基]酉明 酸, (2S,4S)-l-[2-[(4-乙氧羰基雙環 雙環[2·2.2]辛-1-基)胺基]乙 ❹ ❹ 醯基]-4-氟吡咯啶-2-甲腈, 2-({6-[(3R)-3-胺基-3-曱基略岭,甘 ^ 丞辰唆-1·基Η,3·二甲基-2,4-二 乳代-1,2,3,4 -四氫- 5Η-1»比咏其h 0 %开1^,2-(1]嘧啶_5-基}甲基)_4· 氟苯甲腈,及 6-[(3R)-3-胺基·娘咬-1__基1 ^ 〇忽 丞J-5-(2-氣_5_氟_苄基)_13_二甲 基-i,5·二氫-㈣并[3,2_d]喷咬_2,4_二酮, 或其醫藥上可接受的鹽。 如”月求項1之DPP-4抑制劑,其較佳用於糖尿病患者之傷 口癒合’其中該DHM抑制劑係選自由下列組成之群: 1-[(4-甲基-啥。坐琳_2-基)甲其1 1 m 土)T 基]-3-甲基 _7_(2_ 丁炔 4_基)_8_ (3-(R)-胺基-哌啶_丨_基)黃嗓呤, 1-[(Π,5]萘啶_2_基)甲基]_3_甲其 甲基-7_(2_ 丁炔小基)^“^)- 3 -胺基-呢__ 1 _基)_黃漂吟, 1- [(喧。坐琳_2_基)甲基η%甲真7 ^ J j f 基-7-(2-丁炔-1-基)-8-(叫3_ 胺基-哌啶-1-基)_黃嘌吟, 2- ((R)_3•胺基·°终K基)_3•(丁 1炔基)·5·(4_甲基-啥唾 嘛1基甲基)-3,5-二氫咪唾并[4,5_物_4_酮, 142466.doc 201011029 l-[(4-曱基-喹唑啉-2-基)甲基]-3-甲基_7_(2_丁炔q基)_8_ [(2-胺基-2-曱基-丙基)-曱胺基]-黃嘌呤, 1 -[(3-氰基-喹啉-2-基)甲基卜3-曱基_7_(2•丁快卜基)_8_ ((R)-3-胺基-哌啶-1-基)-黃嘌呤, 1-(2-氰基-节基)-3-甲基-7-(2-丁块-1_基)8 ((11)_3胺基_ 旅咬-1-基)-黃嗓π令, 1-Κ4-曱基-喹唑啉-2-基)甲基]_3_甲基_7·(2 丁炔·t基)8_ [(S)-(2-胺基-丙基)-甲胺基]-黃嘌呤, W3-氰基比咬_2_基)甲基]_3-甲基_7|丁炔+基❿ ((R)-3-胺基-哌啶-1-基)_黃嘌呤, 1_[(4-甲基-嘧啶_2_基)曱基]-3-甲基_7_(2_ 丁炔-卜基 ((R)-3-胺基-η比咬-1_基)_黃嗓呤, 1-[(4,6_二曱基-嘧啶_2_基)曱基]_3_甲基_7_(2_ 丁炔q•基)· 8-((R)-3-胺基-哌啶-1·基)_黃嘌呤,及 炔 1-[(啥喔啉-6-基)甲基]-3-甲基-7-(2-丁 胺基-哌啶基黃嘌呤,或其醫藥上可接受的鹽。 3.如請求項1之DPP_4抑制劑,其較佳用於糖尿病患者之4 口癒合’其中該DPP_4抑制劑係選自由下列組成^群< (2S)-1_{[2_(5_甲基苯基_。惡《»坐_4_基)_乙胺義 吡略咬-2-曱腈’ 乙酿基}- 二曱基-3-(4-吡啶-3-基-咪。全 基l·乙醯基卜吡咯啶·2-甲腈, (S)-l-((2s,3S,llbS)_2-胺基·9,ΐ〇-二甲氧基^ ,3,4,6,7,llb- 142466.doc -4- 201011029 六氫-2H-吡啶并-[2,l-a]異喹啉-3-基)-4-氟曱基-吡咯咬_2 _ , (3,3-二氟吼洛咬-1-基)-((2S,4S)-4-(4-(^^-2-*)t^nn_ 基)吡咯啶-2-基)曱酮, (l((3S,4S)-4 -胺基-1-(4-(3,3 - -*·氣 °比洛咬-1-基)-1,3,5 -三 嗪-2-基)吡咯啶-3-基)-5,5-二氟哌啶-2-酮, (2S,4S)-l_{2-[(3S,lR)-3-(lH-l,2,4-三唑·1_ 基甲基)環戊 基胺基]-乙醯基}-4-氟吡咯啶-2-甲腈,及 (R)-2-[6-(3 -胺基-σ底咬-1-基)-3 -甲基-2,4-二氧代_3 4 -二 氫-2H-嘧啶-1-基曱基]-4-氟-苯甲腈, 或其醫藥可接受的鹽。 4·如請求項1或2之DPP-4抑制劑,其較佳用於糖尿病患者 之傷口癒合,其中該DPP-4抑制劑係 ^[(4-甲基-啥唑琳_2_基)甲基]-3-甲基_7_(2_丁炔·}基)_8_ (3-(R)_胺基-»底啶-1-基)-黃嘌呤。 ❿5. *請求項⑴中任—項之附_4抑制劑,其較佳用於糖 f病患者之傷口療合’其中該Dpp,制劑係經口投 尿病二7:— 制劑,其較佳用於糖 病’《者之傷口癒合,其中該Dpp 與。 4抑制劑係局部投 7. 如 傷 用 清求項1至3中任一項之Dpp_4抑制 口上皮化作用,尤其係糖尿病相 劑’其係用於改善 關之傷口上皮化作 142466.doc -5- 201011029 8 · 如吞青求項1 $ 2 rl·» / 主3中任一項之Dpp_4抑制劑,其係用於促進 傷口新生上皮形成作用,尤其係糖尿病相關之傷口新生 皮形成作用。 9. 如咕求項!至3中任一項之抑制齊!,其係用於促進 織再生作用,尤其係糖尿病相關之傷口組織再生作 用。 10. 如請求項i至3中任一項之Dpp_4抑制劑,其係用於減少 傷尺寸,尤其係糖尿病相關之傷口尺寸。 11. 如相求項1至3中任一項之Dpp_4抑制劑,其係用於減少 破壞性傷口發炎,例如減少嗜中性多形核白血球(PMn) ’尤其係糖尿病相關之傷口之破壞性傷口發炎。 12. 如凊求項丨至3中任一項之Dpp_4抑制劑,其係用於治療 及/或預防傷口癒合過程中’尤其係糖尿病相關之傷口療 合過程之傷口癒合缺失或受損。 〜 13. -種醫藥組合物’其用於傷口癒合,尤其係糖尿病患者 之傷口癒合,該醫藥組合物包含如請求項丨至6中任—項 之DPP-4抑制劑。 14. 一種錠劑,其用於傷口癒合,尤其係糖尿病患者之傷口 癒合,該錠劑包含請求項i至5中任一項之Dpp_4抑制 劑。 15_ —種如請求項1至6中任一項之Dpp_4抑制劑之用途,係 用於製造用於糖尿病患者之傷口癒合的醫藥組合物。' 16.如請求項1至3中任一項之Dpp_4抑制劑,其結合一或多 種其他治療活性劑以獨立、依序、同時、並行或於時間 142466.doc -6 - 201011029 或 上錯開之方式用於傷口癒合。 17·如明求項1至3中任一項之DPP·4抑制劑,其結合 種其他治療活性劑,該等活性劑係選自二甲雙胍,吡格 歹㈣與替米沙坦(telmi_an),以獨立、依序、同時、並 行或於時間上錯開之方式用於傷口癒合。 ❹ 142466.doc
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- 2009-08-13 KR KR1020167024887A patent/KR101791403B1/ko active Active
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