TW200811108A - DHA esters and use thereof in treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease - Google Patents
DHA esters and use thereof in treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW200811108A TW200811108A TW096122472A TW96122472A TW200811108A TW 200811108 A TW200811108 A TW 200811108A TW 096122472 A TW096122472 A TW 096122472A TW 96122472 A TW96122472 A TW 96122472A TW 200811108 A TW200811108 A TW 200811108A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- reaction
- alcohol
- dha
- docosahexaenoic acid
- pharmaceutical composition
- Prior art date
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- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N docosahexaenoic acid Natural products CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCC(O)=O MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 235000020669 docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229940090949 docosahexaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- -1 docosahexaenoic acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- KLDXJTOLSGUMSJ-JGWLITMVSA-N Isosorbide Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CO[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)CO[C@@H]21 KLDXJTOLSGUMSJ-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- YWXYYJSYQOXTPL-SLPGGIOYSA-N isosorbide mononitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[C@@H]1CO[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)CO[C@@H]21 YWXYYJSYQOXTPL-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C235/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
- C07C235/02—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C235/04—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C235/08—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to an acyclic carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
200811108 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)酯類,具有擇 自於該維生素B群或維生素原中之醇類諸如菸醇(B3)、泛醇 5 (B5)或肌醇(B7)、或異山梨醇或異山梨醇單硝酸酯,及特別 疋吡义基-3-亞甲基二十二碳六烯酸,及使用該物為一藥物 以治療及預防心灰管疾病。 t先前技術3 該Ω3多不飽和脂肪酸,特別是較佳地經純化及濃縮為 10乙烷基酯形式之EPA及DHA,係已知其等在某些心血管疾 病治療及在相關風險因素調節之潛在用途。特別是,已知 其等在高脂血症、高膽固醇血症及高血壓的治療。在患有 一心肌梗基之病患身上,以含有高濃度之EpA及DHA乙烷 基酯類之配方進行臨床試驗,顯示出其降低死亡率的有效 15性,特別是猝死。這些結果一部分可歸功於對心室心肌細 胞之細胞膜產生-穩定作用,其可預防存有局部缺血之肌 細胞出現惡性心律不整,這類細胞可見於梗塞後之病患或 重現相同條件之實驗模型上。 此外,依照已知之專利申請案W〇2〇〇4/〇47835
,DHA 2〇及EPA乙烧基賴可被使用在預防心房版纖維顏動。然 而’令人驚言牙地,該申請案之發明者發現到dha及EpA在 心房肌纖維顫動並無相同作用:在心房肌纖維顏動,DHA 比EPA有-更強大的作用。因此,單獨使用比使用 及EPA混合物在心房肌纖維顫動的治療為更佳地,且無容 6 200811108 置疑地,在極多數心血管疾病的治療。 該維生素B群及維生素原的優勢與其功能有關。特別 是,菸醇是來自菸酸(維生素B3)的醇類衍生,其可在人體 内迅速地轉換為於酸。 5 菸酸,亦稱做菸鹼酸,是一水溶性B群維生素,可自色 氨酸中合成。然而,以降低膽固醇及油脂為目的之有效治 療劑量係高過人體合成之數量。因此,以降低膽固醇及/或 甘油三酸酯為目標時,則必須提供一口服補充。 依據作用機制,係推測菸酸抑制游離脂肪酸自脂肪組 10織中釋出,導致脂肪酸到肝的供應下降。因為越少的脂肪 酸酯化成為甘油三酸酯,就越少量會被併入低密度脂蛋白 (LDL)裡,因此降低LDL膽固醇的濃度。菸酸亦曾被提過能 明顯地增加HDL膽固醇的濃度,極有可能藉由抑制HDL膽 固醇其形式之代謝。 15 特別是,菸酸有一強力周邊血管擴張劑的作用。因此, 靜脈注射的菸醇在其轉換成菸酸後,可導致血管擴張作用 而有利於降低動脈血壓。 於酸可廣泛地被使用在降低膽固醇及脂質的治療。 亦已知菸酸能與HMG-辅酵素A還原酵素抑制劑結 20合’諸如他汀類藥物(statins),例如,在降低膽固醇的實例 中,只藉由這些HMG-輔酵素A還原酵素抑制劑是無法充分 證明之。當搜查各化合物其效用之益處時,特別是以他汀 類藥物降低LDL膽固醇及以菸酸提升HDL膽固醇,諸如這 樣之結合能帶來優勢。此外,菸酸適用於混合型血脂異常 7 200811108 的治療’且因此朗時影響膽固醇及甘油三咖旨的濃度。 泛醇是泛酸的醇類衍生物,泛酸即更為-般習知之維 ^伽。在體内’泛醇能轉化成為泛酸。泛酸接著變成化 合物輔酵素A其-重要部分,輔酵素A在細胞代謝上有特別 的影響。實際上’其參與油脂、碳水化合物及蛋白質的代 射作用。泛醇亦參與乙醯膽驗及腎上腺㈣醇的形成。其 亦作用在絲物的解毒及對傳染病的抵抗。 肌醇(維生素B7)使脂肪流通是藉由預防其堆集。其亦 有—消懼劑之作用’其能刺激神經系統及肝臟,其能降低 血液膽固醇濃度。其係與增加血管收縮素活動,控制細胞 内的#5離子》農度’維持細胞膜電位及細胞骨架集合有關。 異山梨醇,特別是異山梨醇單硝酸酯,為一強力的周 邊血管舒張劑。 令人驚訝地’該發明者發現到二十二碳六烯酸(DHA) 醋類,具有一擇自於該維生素B群或維生素原中之醇類,諸 如菸醇(B3)、泛醇(B5)及肌醇(B7)、或具有異山梨醇或異山 梨醇單硝酸酯,特別是吡啶基—3-亞甲基二十二碳六烯酸(二 十一碳六晞酸(DHA)酯’具有終醇),亦對心血管疾病有著 重大效力的影響。 C發明内容3 因此,本發明係有關於一種二十二碳六烯酸酯,具有 〜擇自於該維生素B群或維生素原中之醇類,較佳地包含 有: -菸醇,該化學式如下: 8 200811108 泛醇,該化學式如下: ΗΟ^ ?Η Η
CH3 Ο
.OH H3C 肌醇,該化學式如下:
或異山梨醇,該化學式如下:
或異山梨醇單頌酸酯,該化學式如下:
較佳地,依照本發明該酯係為吡啶基-3-亞甲基二十二 碳六烯酸,其化學通式(1)如下:
⑴ 9 200811108 本發明亦係與一種依照本發明製備該二十二碳六烯酸 酉旨之方法有關,特別是依照本發明之該吡啶基-3_亞甲基二 十二碳六烯酸(丨),為二十二碳六烯酸乙烷基酯類及一擇自 於包含下列群組中醇類作轉酯作用:菸醇、泛醇、異山梨 5醇、異山梨醇單硝酸酯及肌醇,與菸醇為較佳地。 轉_作用可由熟習該技術領域之人士以習知方法進 行。 依據本發明,轉酯作用之進行,在有一催化劑存在下 為較佳地。較佳地,催化劑為鹼金屬碳酸鹽或鹼土碳酸鹽, 1〇較佳地為K2C〇3。鹼金屬碳酸鹽或鹼土碳酸鹽及DHA乙烷 基酷之莫耳比,其較佳地範圍為1/1到6/1,更較佳地,菸醇 及DHA乙烷基酯之莫耳比的範圍為1/1到6/1。較佳地,轉酯 作用可在一溶劑中進行,較佳地擇自二氧雜環乙烷或 THF ;較佳地選擇為THF。THF可用氮起泡法排除。THF由 5氮起泡法除氣為較佳地。更較佳地,該反應混合物可用回 流法加熱,至少14個小時為較佳地。 在本發明之另一具體實施例中,該依照本發明該轉酯 乍用之方法中该催化劑為一脂肪酵素,較佳地為南極假絲 酵母(Candida Antarctica)脂肪酵素。特別是該脂肪酵素為固 疋形式。較佳地,該脂肪酵素是由諾和諾德(N〇v〇N〇rdisk) 所2之諾維信^>^(^027111#)。較佳地,該反應發生在一沒 有/合韌之介質,或在有一溶劑諸如孓甲醇_2_ 丁醇或乙腈, 李乂佳地’在柊軸例巾,係發生在—沒有溶劑之環境,及 在泛醇範例中有-溶劑存在。較佳地,在肌醇範例中,該 10 200811108 使用溶劑為一離子極性溶劑諸如卜丁基冬甲基味唾腦或 1 丁基3-甲基味峻(cn)2。該反應發生在一高於室溫之溫 度,較佳地為60°C。 較佳地,在該反應進行時移除乙醇,以真空乾燥機及 5氮起泡法為較佳地’用氮起泡法為更佳地。這樣一來可增 ; 加轉換率,加速反應及排除寄生的水解反應。 ; 肖純,_&DHAM絲之該莫耳比介於丨到5, 更較佳地,為介於1.5到4.5。 較佳地,該反應進行時間介於1到1〇〇個小時,介於工到 10 72個小時為較佳地,介於W8個小時為較佳地,介於即 個小時為更佳地。 在本發明之另一具體實施例中依照本發明之該方法, 該轉酯作用反應發生在一無水溶劑中,在一存有水阱的非 無水溶劑諸如,例如,氯化鋰、MgCl2或矽膠,或在無溶劑 15之乾燥環境中。如此一來可排除寄生的水解反應。 較佳地,該轉酯作用反應發生係與純化的二十二碳六 烯酸乙烷基酯(純度為至少95%,可買到商品化或由熟習該 技術領域之人士以習知方法從乙酸乙酯脂肪酸混合物中純 化)或與包含有至少10%莫耳DHA乙烷基酯之混合物。若是 20使用一混合物之DHA乙烷基酯,建議純化該酯以得到後續 之轉酯作用反應。 本發明亦係有關於一包含有依照本發明之該二十二碳 六烯酸酯之藥學組成物,特別是依照本發明之該U比啶基_3-亞甲基二十二碳六烯酸,及至少一種之藥學上可接受的賦 11 200811108 形劑。 依知本發明之該藥學組成物可配製以投藥於哺乳動 物包括人。依照治療及研究之疾病而劑量不同。這些組 成物/、製備去係依投藥如口腔、舌下、皮下、肌内、靜脈 内透膚局部或直腸途徑。在這種情況下,該有效成分 月匕依單位劑®形式或依傳統藥學上賴投藥於動物或人。 適二的單位劑量投藥形式包括有口服途徑形式諸如片劑、 轉膠襄、粉劑、顆粒及口服溶液或懸浮液,經舌下及口 服形式、皮下、局部、肌内、靜脈内、鼻内或眼内投藥形 10式及直腸投藥形式。 當一固態組成物以片劑形式製備時,該主要有效成分 係與一藥學的載劑,諸如明膠、澱粉、乳糖、硬脂酸鎂、 /月石’阿拉伯膠、矽石或類似物混合。片劑可包覆上蔗糖 或其匕適合之材料或以能延遲或延展效力的方式處理之, 口此匕們可持續地釋放有效劑量之預定量。 要得到一明膠膠囊配製品可混合該有效成分及一稀釋 劑’然後將該混合物灌人軟式或硬式明膠膠囊中。 糖聚或醜劑形式之製劑,可包含有該有效成分與甜 I劑、防腐劑在-起,亦可包含有—調味劑及一適合的著 20 色劑。 月匕刀政在水中之粉劑或顆粒,可包含有該有效成分之 此合物其含離散劑、濕潤劑或懸浮劑,亦可含味覺矯味劑 或甜味齊ij。 塞蜊,可與在直腸溫度融化之結合劑一起製備,例如, 12 200811108 諸如可可豆脂或聚乙二醇,可使用在直腸投藥。 使用在腸胃外(靜脈内、肌内等等)、鼻内或眼内之於 藥,係為包含有藥理上相容之離散劑及域濕_之水2 浮、等張鹽溶液或無菌可注射的溶液。 w 可任擇一或更 該有效成分亦可被配製為微膠囊形式 多之添加劑。 藥方式係經由 經靜脈内途徑 較佳地,依照本發明之該藥學組成物投 1=7腔或靜脈内途徑。在梗塞後治療範例時, 為較佳地。 10 15 20 依照本發明之該藥學組成物可包括其他有效成分以提 互補或可能之加乘效應。較佳地,該藥學組成物 括EPA酯。 本發明亦係與依照本發明之該二十二碳六稀酸醋有 特別是依照本發明之該《基_3_亞甲基二十二碳六稀 酸’或依照本發明之該藥學組成物,作為—藥物使用。 本發明亦係與依照本發明之該二十二碳六烯酸醋有 特別是依照本發明之該%卜定基_3_亞甲基二十二碳六稀 或依,’、、本發明之g㈣學組成物,作為_藥物使用以預 防^或治療心血管疾病,其較佳地擇自心房及/或心室心律 ^整、心搏過速及/或肌纖維顫動;在預防及/或治療如心肌 、、傳導失常;在預防及/或治療多種高風險因素的 古^疾病車又佳地擇自於高三甘油醋血症、高膽固醇症、 Z血塵、高錢症、血脂異常、較佳地混合血脂異常,及/ 5者在血液凝固時第七因素過度活動VII;治療及/或初級或 13 200811108 ^級預防心房及/或心室心律不整、心搏過速、肌纖維顏動 及或因心肌梗塞料之電流傳導失f,較佳地為猝死;及 /或為梗塞後治療。 最後,本發明係與依照本發明之該二十二碳六稀酸醋 有關’特別是舰本發明之舰^定基_3_亞甲基二十二碳> 稀酸’或依照本發明之該藥學組成物,作為— 預防及/或心房肌纖維顫動。 10 15 20 h無理論根據,依照本發明之該二十二碳六烯酸_,特 疋X比疋基_3_亞甲基二十二碳六稀酸,似乎是經由醋解 酵素作用,在體内釋放出醇類及DHA,特別是在魏基各 亞甲基二十二碳六烯酸範例中的菸醇及DHA。因此,依照 之Λ一十一$反六稀酸酯似乎與一DHA及醇類混合物 有樣之作用。因此,如果此醇係為一維生素Β群或維生素 原依妝本發明之該二十二碳六烯酸酯將與DHA及一維生 素群或、准生素原之混合物有相同之效用。在吼tT定基-3·亞 甲基一十一妷六烯酸範例中,其亦似乎有菸醇在體内轉換 為於酉夂目此’依照本發明之該。比唆基-3-亞甲基二十二碳 =_似乎是與DHA及㈣之—混合物有相同之作用。於 m官擴張劑效用的優點係為DHA在末梢區域最令人滿 思之刀佈’特別是在靜脈注射吡啶基-3-亞曱基二十二碳六 烯S夂*醇在轉換後變為終酸的範例中。 【货"施式】 較佳實施例之詳細說明 14 200811108 用下述參考資料的圖及實施例,以進一步了解本發明。 第1圖係描述在該轉酯作用反應期間,以DHA-EE消耗 百分比對時間作—函數,實施例3-1(開管)、3-2(在真空之下) 及3-3(在氮起泡法下),存有2〇〇 mg諾維信®(N〇v〇zyme®), 5在60°C,醇類對自旨之比率為3。 下述為非特定之實施例。 實施例1 :使用K2C03合成吡啶基-3-亞甲基二十二碳六 烯酸 lg(2.8 mmol)的乙烷基二十二碳六烯酸(純度高於 10 95% ;由Interchim供應)被放置在5ml的THF中,在存有 1.53g(llmmol)K2C03及 1.06 ml(10.9mmol)菸醇(純度高於 95% ;由Acros提供)下,用氮起泡法除氣。該反應混合物係 在回流狀況下加熱7小時,然後加入0.76 g(5.5 mmol)K2C03 並再持續加熱7小時。 15 在冷卻後,將該反應混合物溶於水中,然後用乙酸乙 酯萃取。該有機相位用MgS〇4乾燥、過濾然後濃縮至無水。 所得之該濾渣用矽石快速色層分析法純化(CH2Cl2-> 90/10 CH2C12/乙烷基醋酸鹽,15分鐘梯度)。可分離到一透明油狀 物(〇.84g,產量71%)。 20 石夕石膠體 TLC 60 F 251 默克(Merck),90/10 CH2Cl2/AcOEt,Rf=0.35 〇 實施例2:使用脂肪酵素合成吼啶基-3-亞甲基二十二碳 六稀酸 所有反應係在一不連續之混合反應器(磁性混合)中,在 15 200811108 各酵素之合適溫度下執行。 所使用之產品係為: -濃縮70%DHA乙烷基酯(DHA-EE)之一乙烷基醋類混 合物(禾大化學有限公司(CrodAChemical Ltd·)賣出),之後 5 稱為「70% DHA-EE酯混合物;」 -逢維# (Novozyme®) ’固定形式之南極假絲酵母脂 肪酵素,由諾和諾德(NovoNordisk)所賣; ^ _於醇。 該反應混合物亦係為·· 10 -無溶劑僅使用該受質之一介質;或 -使用各類溶劑之一有機介質。 使用在此有機介質之該溶劑係為: -2_甲醇-2-丁醇(2M2B),為一溫和之極性溶劑,可使 諸如多不飽和的脂肪酸酯類之忌水性化合物及諸如於醇之 15 親水性化合物同時溶解;或 -乙腈,其理由與2M2B相同。 . 該反應條件係總結於下述第1表中: 第1表:70% DHA-EE酯類及終醇之轉酯作用之反應條件測試。 醇類 介質 [70%DHA-EE醋類] (M) ' [醇類] 總體積 (ml) 醇類/酯類 莫耳比 菸醇 有機的 (2M2B乙腈) 0.43 0.64 12 1.5 無溶劑 1.5 4.5 3.5 3 20 各條件係與mg的諾維信'Novozyme®)在60°C培 養。在2M2B中進行之反應係為在大氣中(在排氣罩下)測 16 200811108 試’在60C與200mg的諾維。 定期取出500// 1樣品直到該反應完成。抑制該反應之 方法係為用離心法,5分鐘,轉速13,000 rpm,以便將固定 酵素自71貝中移除。直到分析前’所有樣品存放在4。。。 5 同時進行無酵素之對照反應及無輔-受質(菸醇)之對照 反應。 分析之執行係依照下述參數,使用兩種HPLC方法(使 用Agilent 1100系列儀器): 方法1 : 10 -2〇1^乂8丑_(1118管柱(4.6 111111\25(:111) -溫度:40 °C -流速:1 ml/min -溶析液:0.02%甲醇/醋酸 -測定:折射測定法 15 -運作期間:15分鐘 方法2 : -ZorbaxSB_C18 管柱(4.6mmx25cm) -溫度:40 °C -流速:3 ml/min 20 -溶析液:50/50乙腈/丙酮 -測定:折射測定法 -運行期間:15分鐘 在不同反應進行時取出之樣品,預先稀釋到低於100 mM之一濃度,稀釋液在方法丨範例中用〇·〇2〇/。甲醇/醋酸一 17 200811108 混合液’及在方法2範例中用丙酮來。 結果與討論 在該轉酯作用反應中出現二種類型。在分析條件下 在4.15分鐘時,第一種被沖提出,並相當於該酯水解作用 5產物,第二種是在4.85分鐘中提出。後者的化合物相者於 70% DHA-EE酯類及菸醇間轉酯作用之產物。這此,預^ : 有一種產物,如同菸醇只有一單獨一級羥基。 10 各類 2表: 的反應條件下所得到之轉換百分比表示在 下述第 第2表:70% DHA-EE酯類及菸醇之轉酯作用進行眭 轉換百分比(* :在範例中,f反應期間,該管為打開 终该乙醇產物蒸發。) 反應條件 DHA-EE 變成 DH ^ 之轉換百分比 乙腈 31 %在72小時 2M2B 47%在48小時 2M2B在大氣下 60%在118小時 無溶劑 11 %在72小時 無溶劑在大氣下 100%在72小時 當該反應在大氣中進行時,有較高轉換率;該乙醇產 15物条發而使得該反應之平衡趨向合成DHA-菸醇。這些轉酯 作用反應伴有该反應混合物大量變零。 當使用2M2B為反應溶劑時,水解作用產物會優先出 現。然而,-微弱的水解作用亦存在於一無溶劑之介質中。 因此,似乎係使用之菸醇仍存有水分或周 圍溼氣導致這寄 20 生反應。 70% DHA-EES旨類及柊醇之轉自旨作用反應的可行性已 18 200811108 被證明,而這樣的反應展現出接近或大於9〇%有利的轉換 率,特別是當該反應進行時,將乙醇產物自該反應混合物 中移除。然而,因為使用之該溶劑中存有水分及/或周圍澄 氣’使一寄生水解反應干擾了這些合成。 5 β因此,嘗試除掉該觀察到之寄生水解反應看起來似乎 疋有影響。例如,使用完全無水溶劑。其亦可以在存有一 水阱(例如,氯化鋰、MgC12或矽膠)下進行相同反應以排 除可能的水解。 在該菸醇-DHA酯合成反應中,該反應進行時乙醇產物 1〇似乎是限制該反應的一個要素。其移除可改變該反應之平 衡而趨向所欲之醋類合成。因此,使這個移除達最佳化係 為合適的,而值得注意地是在減壓狀態時的合成。這允許 乙醇快速蒸發並因此增加反應速率。 實施例3:使用脂肪分解酵素合成吡啶基_3_亞曱基二十 厌烯酸,轉酯作用最適化;該反應進行時乙醇產物之 療發作用及氧化烘焦之脫去作用 一與實施例2相似之合成反應,其執行為使用該同樣起 始產物(菸醇、i〇% DHA-EE酯混合物、諾維信 在’又有溶劑之介質,60°C時,在存有200 mg諾維信 20⑧(N〇V〇Zym#),醇類與酯類比率為3。該使用之反應器與實 施例2相同,該分析方法亦相同。 實施例3.1 : 實施例2比較’唯一的差別係該反應是在一個開啟容器 (開管)中執行。 19 200811108 結果(第1圖)·· 該轉酯作用反應為「緩慢」,總需近乎8〇個小時。存有 氧化烘焦。存有「強烈的」寄生水解。 實施例3.2 : 與實施例2比較,唯-的差別係該反應是在真空之下執 行0 10 15 結果(第1圖): 與實施例3.1比較,該反應為「加速度」,但仍為「緩 慢」,總需近乎48個小時。 此外,存有氧化烘焦及寄生水解。 實施例3.3 : 與實施例2崎,唯-的朗_反應是在氮起泡法下 執行。 結果(第1圖): 該反應有非常顯著地速度増加,總需少於3個小時, 因能瞬間移除該反應進行中之乙醇產物及 記錄到無氧化烘焦。 寄生水解明顯地減少。 實施例4 :使用一脂肪酵素及 改良混合物 20 .^ 4醇以合成DHA酯類 該貫驗及分析條件與實施例2相门 反應條件係總結於下述第3表中· 除了下述差別外 醇類 介質 泛醇 有機的(2M2B 耷) [70%DHA-E£ _1M) 0.43 ][醇類] 總體積 醇類/S旨類 莫耳比 1.28 12 3 20 200811108 結果與討論: 、在分析條件下,有二種類型在3.9分鐘及4·Η分鐘被洗 脫而出/乏醇有一個-級醇。因此可預期有數個產品(最多 為三個)。然而,在無輔-受質(泛醇)的對照組中,出現該4.Μ 5分鐘的波峰。因此上述的波峰似乎對應乙院絲水解作 用,其係與所使用溶劑存有水分而有關連。這反應只見於 6亥酵素存在下。 結論為,只有第-波峰對應泛醇①腦旨合成。 各類的反應條件下所得到之轉換百分比 總結在下述第 10 4表: 轉換百刀比(·在中:在反應期間,該管為打開以允 反應條件 DHA-EE變成DHA-泛醇之轉換百分比 乙腈 - 68%在Π6小時 2M2B 76%在115小時 2M2B在大氣中 88%在96小時
15 當該反應在大氣中進行時,似乎是可增加70% DHA-EE 醋類之轉換百分比。實際上,在這條件下,該反應進行時 之該乙醇產物蒸發。因此,該反應之平衡趨向合成泛醇 -DHA酯類。此外,這些轉換數值確定是估計過低,因為有 2M2B溶劑之同時蒸發(介質濃縮效應)。這些轉酯作用反應 20 亦伴有該反應混合物大量變黑。 70% DHA-EE酯類及泛醇之轉酯作用反應的可行性已 被證明,而這樣的反應展現出接近或大於90%有利的轉換 率,特別是當該反應進行時,將乙醇產物自該反應混合物 21 200811108 中移除。然而,因為使用之該溶劑中存有水分及/或周圍漫 氣’使一寄生水解反應干擾了這些合成。 因此,嘗試除掉觀察到之該寄生水解反應看起來似乎 是有影響。例如,使用完全無水溶劑。其亦可以在存有_ 5 水阱(例如,氯化鋰、MgCU或矽膠)下進行相同反應,以排 除可能的水解。 在該泛醇-DHAS旨合成反應中,該反應進行時乙醇產物 似乎是限制該反應的一個要素。其移除可改變該反應之平 衡而趨向想要之合成酯類。因此,使這個移除達到最佳化 10係為可行的,而值得注意地是在減壓狀態時的合成。這允 許乙醇快速蒸發並因此增加反應速率。 實施例5 :比較EPA及DHA在超快速鉀電流(ultrarapid potassium current)及心房肌纖維顫動之作用結果 心臟動作電位係為激發之心臟細胞其基本電位單位, 5數種離子通道之動作係造成該動作電位不同階段的原因。 f同種類的動作電位對應不_心臟部位,因此允許這些 N立有順序及配合之動作。為此理由,Κν 15的_通道,由 =CNA5基因編碼,只表現在心κ織,係造成超快速卸電 的原因’其作用在心、室動作電位之再極化。這高度 M 15為實際上選擇治療心房肌纖維顫動之= 承。其病狀為可觀察到心房動作電位改變。 里 夂伙A^lkur效用。為此目的,將人類 15通道(hKv 1.5)以穩定的方式轉染到HEK 2人 胚胎腎臟)細胞裡,廿蚀用 也禋並使用一全細胞全自動膜片鉗 22 200811108 (patCh-clamp)技術來研究由這些通道動作所造成之電流。 材料與方法 細胞株之培養 HEK 293-hKvl.5細胞在標準條件下生長(沉,培養箱 5設為95% 〇2及5% C〇2),在法可⑽嶋)培養盤中直到8〇%細 胞聚集(confluence)。然後將其移置到35mm培養皿中培養, 含有下述之培養基:DMEM(Invitrogen)、1〇%胎牛血清 (Invitrogen)、一 l00U/ml青黴素、丨㈨^^化丨鏈黴素及〇 25 mg/ml麩醯胺(Invitr〇gen)之混合物;及丨25mg/ml抗生素 10 G418(Geneticin®)以作為篩選用之抗生素。 電生理學 在室溫下(19-22 °〇,使用全細胞全自動膜片鉗技術研 究Ikur。該吸量管培養基含有:125 mM K-天門冬胺酸、20 mM KCI、10 mM EGTA、5 mM HEPES、5 mM Mg-ATP、1 15 mMMgCl2 ’ pH7.3(KOH)。該細胞外培養基含有·· MOmM NaCI、20 mM HEPES、5 mM D(+)-葡萄糖、5 mM KCI、2 mM CaCI2 ; 1 mM MgCl2,pH 7.4(NaOH)。 每15秒誘發Ikur,係用保持電位_8〇mV,時程300 ms、 去極化到+60mV之脈衝,接著用_5〇 mV再極化。該電流波 20 峰之振幅定義係為該去極化脈衝之最初100ms期間所得之 最大電流。其末端脈衝之電流振幅係為測定該去極化脈衝 之最後20ms。 試劑 DHA及EPA係由Sigma供應。用乙醇製備庫存溶液(1〇 23 200811108 mM),該溶劑最終濃度為0.25%。 結果: 結果總結於下述第5表。 5 第5表:DHA與EPA在多種濃度下,其Ikur之抑制百分比。 濃度 DHA 波峰kin· 末端脈衝 樣品數 平均值 標準誤 平均值 標準誤 1//M 8.2 6.3 10.1 5.8 5 3.2//M 10.9 6.9 14.5 6.5 5 5.6//M 15.4 4.8 33.7 7.8 6 10//M 22.6 4.0 78.0 4.2 6 25 μ Μ 58.1 13.6 86.5 3.4 5 濃度 ΕΡΑ 波峰Ikui· 末端脈衝 樣品數 平均值 標準誤 平均值 標準誤 l^M 14.6 1.7 14.9 1.9 5 3.2//Μ 16.1 3.1 19.9 4.4 5 10//Μ 17.5 6.4 36.6 7.2 10 25# Μ 5.4 6.8 61.6 7.3 5 EPA些微地降低波峰Ikur之振幅(最大抑制為175 土 6.4%、11=1〇1<0.05在10#]^)及末端脈衝之電流振幅(61.6 10 ±7.3%、η=5、ρ<0·05在25 // M) 〇 DHA抑制波峰Ikur之振幅(最大抑制為581 ± 13·6%(η=5、ρ<0·05)及其末端脈衝之電流振幅86 5 土 3.4%(11=5、卩<0.005)在25//]^時。 結論: 15 這些結果顯示出在該申請案中以人類Κν 1_5通道轉染 ΗΕΚ 293細胞之超快速鉀電流lkur,DHA抑制係比ΕΡΑ更加 24 200811108 =地,且其方式為—濃度相關。DHA較佳地作用在末端 t衝之電流,暗示在Kvl.5通道上有—去活性效用。此外, k放用係伴Ik著DHA經由波峰U降(在ΕΡΑ有相反觀 測),DHA有效抑制Ikur。 在這Ukur上的效用’指出在心房肌纖維顫動上,dHA 可有一有益作用。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係描述在該轉酯作用反應期間,以DHA-EE消耗 百分比對時間作一函數,實施例3-1 (開管)、3-2(在真空之下) 及3-3(在氮起泡法下),存有200 mg諾維信®(Novozyme®), 在60°C,醇類對酯之比率為3。 【主要元件符號說明】 (無) 25
Claims (1)
- 200811108 十、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種具有一擇自於該維生素B群或維生素原中之醇類的 二十二碳六烯酸酯,該醇類較佳地係由下述所構成:.OHHO. ΗΗ ΟΝΟ 2 〇 或異山梨醇單硝酸酯,該化學式如下: 10 2.如申請專利範圍第1項之二十二碳六烯酸酯,其中該酯 係為吡啶基-3_亞甲基二十二碳六烯酸,其通式(1)如chq (1) 3· —種製備如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項之二十二碳六 26 200811108 烯酸酯類之方法,該方法為將二十二碳六烯酸酯與醇類 作轉酯作用,該醇類係擇自於由下述所構成之群組中·· 菸醇、泛醇、異山梨醇、異山梨醇單硝酸酯及肌醇,較 佳地為於醇。 5 4.如申請專利範圍第3項之方法,其中所述方法在實施時 存有催化劑。 5.如申請專利範圍第4項之方法,其中該催化劑是脂肪分 解酵素,較佳地為假絲酵母脂肪酵素。 6·如申請專利範圍第5項之方法,其中乙醇在反應時會被 10 移除,較佳地藉由氮氣泡移除。 7.如申請專利範圍第5項或第6項之方法,其中該反應發生 在一無水溶劑或在無溶劑的乾燥大氣中。 8· —種包含有如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項之二十二碳 六烯酸酯的藥學組成物,較佳地為包含如申請專利範圍 15 第2項之吡啶基_3_亞甲基二十二碳六烯酸,以及至少一 種之藥學上可接受的賦形劑。 9· 一種如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項之二十二碳六烯酸 酯或如申請專利範圍第8項之一藥學組成物的用途,作 為一藥物使用。 20 10. —種如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項之二十二碳六烯酸 酯或如申請專利範圍第8項之一藥學組成物的用途,作 為一用以預防及/或治療心血管疾病的藥物,較佳地擇 自於心房及/或心室心律不整、心搏過速及/或肌纖維顫 動;作為一預防及/或治療如心肌細胞之電流傳導失常 27 200811108 的藥物;作為一預防及/或治療多種高風險因素的心血 管疾病的藥物,較佳擇自於高三甘油酯血症、高膽固醇 症、高血壓、高血脂症、血脂異常、較佳地混雜的血脂 異常,及/或者在血液凝固時第七因素過度活動VII ;作 5 為一治療及/或初級或次級預防心房及/或心室心律不 整、心搏過速、肌纖維顫動及/或電流傳導失常包含心 肌梗塞的藥物,較佳為猝死等延伸心血管疾病;並且/ 或者作為一梗塞後治療的藥物。 11. 一種如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項之二十二碳六烯酸 10 酯或如申請專利範圍第8項之一藥學組成物的用途,作 為一用以預防以及/或治療心房肌纖維顫動的藥物。 28
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| SI (1) | SI2034999T1 (zh) |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI555528B (zh) * | 2010-08-11 | 2016-11-01 | 皮爾法伯製藥公司 | 泛醇基二十二碳六烯酸酯及其於治療與預防心血管疾病的用途 |
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| ES2334536B1 (es) * | 2008-04-11 | 2011-01-24 | Universidad Complutense De Madrid | Procedimiento para la obtencion selectiva de 12-hidroxi-9-cis-octadecenoato de (1,4:3,6-dianhidro-d-glucitol) utilizando lipasas inmovilizadas como catalizador. |
| FR2949063B1 (fr) * | 2009-08-11 | 2011-09-30 | Pf Medicament | Composition pharmaceutique comprenant un ester de dha destinee a etre administree par voie parenterale |
| JP6324720B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-18 | 2018-05-16 | エックスバイオテク, インコーポレイテッドXbiotech, Inc. | 関節炎治療 |
| CN107281488B (zh) | 2010-08-23 | 2021-02-09 | 詹森生物科技公司 | 对肿瘤疾病的治疗 |
| US9724409B2 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2017-08-08 | Xbiotech, Inc. | Treatment of inflammatory skin disease |
| CN102757444B (zh) * | 2011-04-29 | 2016-02-10 | 南京信诺泰医药有限公司 | 具有一氧化氮供体性质的苯并呋喃类化合物 |
| FR2998479B1 (fr) * | 2012-11-27 | 2017-04-28 | Pf Medicament | Utilisation d'un ester de dha pour le traitement prophylactique et/ou curatif de la drepanocytose |
| WO2016024283A1 (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2016-02-18 | Praj Industries Limited | Process for the preparation of triglycerides of epa and dha |
| US10441087B2 (en) | 2015-02-24 | 2019-10-15 | Sleep Number Corporation | Mattress with adjustable firmness |
| SG11201907159SA (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2019-09-27 | Xbiotech Inc | Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa |
| WO2018152509A1 (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-23 | Board Of Supervisors Of Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College | Hydrogen sulfide and/or nitrite in the treatment and prevention of atrial fibrillation |
| CN110950881A (zh) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-04-03 | 中国科学院上海药物研究所 | 一类三环类似物、其制备方法和用途 |
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| NL133049C (zh) | 1966-02-24 | |||
| JPS5967263A (ja) | 1982-10-07 | 1984-04-16 | Terumo Corp | ペンタエン高級脂肪酸ピリジルアルコ−ルエステルおよびその製法 |
| JPS5967264A (ja) | 1982-10-08 | 1984-04-16 | Terumo Corp | 血小板凝集抑制剤 |
| JPS59502024A (ja) * | 1982-11-16 | 1984-12-06 | イレナ モッチャン マルス | リュウマチ性疾病治療剤 |
| JPS6034947A (ja) * | 1983-08-05 | 1985-02-22 | Terumo Corp | ドコサヘキサエン酸誘導体およびそれを用いた血小板凝集阻止剤 |
| GB9300125D0 (en) * | 1993-01-06 | 1993-03-03 | Scotia Holdings Plc | Compositions containing esters of unsaturated fatty acids |
| US5760081A (en) * | 1994-05-10 | 1998-06-02 | The General Hospital Corporation | Omega 3 fatty acids in the prevention of ventricular fibrillation |
| KR19990008242A (ko) | 1995-05-01 | 1999-01-25 | 까뜨리오나 프란세스 마르 | 니코틴산 에스테르 및 니코틴산 에스테르를 함유한 약품 |
| IL118092A0 (en) | 1995-05-03 | 1996-09-12 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Antibacterial compounds their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them |
| US5795909A (en) | 1996-05-22 | 1998-08-18 | Neuromedica, Inc. | DHA-pharmaceutical agent conjugates of taxanes |
| US5919815A (en) * | 1996-05-22 | 1999-07-06 | Neuromedica, Inc. | Taxane compounds and compositions |
| AUPQ480399A0 (en) | 1999-12-22 | 2000-02-03 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Unsaturated fatty acids and their uses in therapy |
| ES2246769T3 (es) | 2000-05-22 | 2006-03-01 | Pro Aparts - Investimentos E Consultoria Lda | Composicion de acidos grasos que contiene al menos 80% en peso de epa y dha o sus derivados y su uso farmaceutico. |
| ITMI20010129A1 (it) * | 2001-01-25 | 2002-07-25 | Pharmacia & Upjohn Spa | Acidi grassi essenziali nella terapia di insufficienza cardiaca e scompenso cardiaco |
| US7704542B2 (en) * | 2001-09-12 | 2010-04-27 | Xanodyne Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Vitamin/mineral compositions with DHA |
| US8729124B2 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2014-05-20 | Pronova Biopharma Norge As | Use of EPA and DHA in secondary prevention |
| ITMI20022511A1 (it) * | 2002-11-26 | 2004-05-27 | Victorix Assets Ltd | Uso di composizioni farmaceutiche contenenti esteri etilici di acidi poliinsaturi omega-3 nella orevenzione della fibrillazione atriale. |
| WO2004091603A1 (fr) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-10-28 | Clinigenetics | Utilisation d’un ester de dha pour le traitement des malades cardiovasculaires |
| EP1466597A1 (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-10-13 | Clinigenetics | Use of dha esters to control or prevent cardiovascular diseases |
| KR20060004939A (ko) | 2003-04-17 | 2006-01-16 | 베링거 인겔하임 인터내셔날 게엠베하 | 임산부를 위한 종합 비타민 및 미네랄 보충제 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI555528B (zh) * | 2010-08-11 | 2016-11-01 | 皮爾法伯製藥公司 | 泛醇基二十二碳六烯酸酯及其於治療與預防心血管疾病的用途 |
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