TW200303749A - Ophthalmic antibiotic drug formulations containing a cyclodextrin compound and cetyl pyridinium chloride - Google Patents
Ophthalmic antibiotic drug formulations containing a cyclodextrin compound and cetyl pyridinium chloride Download PDFInfo
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- TW200303749A TW200303749A TW092103510A TW92103510A TW200303749A TW 200303749 A TW200303749 A TW 200303749A TW 092103510 A TW092103510 A TW 092103510A TW 92103510 A TW92103510 A TW 92103510A TW 200303749 A TW200303749 A TW 200303749A
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- Prior art keywords
- cyclodextrin
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- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- -1 cyclodextrin compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetylpyridinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- 229960001927 cetylpyridinium chloride Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- 239000013583 drug formulation Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 225
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 208000001860 Eye Infections Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000192125 Firmicutes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 208000011323 eye infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229960003907 linezolid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract 3
- TYZROVQLWOKYKF-ZDUSSCGKSA-N linezolid Chemical compound O=C1O[C@@H](CNC(=O)C)CN1C(C=C1F)=CC=C1N1CCOCC1 TYZROVQLWOKYKF-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 3
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 24
- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazolidone Chemical compound O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical group [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OQLZINXFSUDMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamidine Chemical group CC(N)=N OQLZINXFSUDMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000022362 bacterial infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- PJUIMOJAAPLTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N monothioglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)CS PJUIMOJAAPLTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940035024 thioglycerol Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004777 2-fluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 101100094814 Caenorhabditis elegans snr-7 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-DUZGATOHSA-N D-araboascorbic acid Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-DUZGATOHSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VHJLVAABSRFDPM-ZXZARUISSA-N dithioerythritol Chemical compound SC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CS VHJLVAABSRFDPM-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010350 erythorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004318 erythorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940026239 isoascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004964 sulfoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- ULXKXLZEOGLCRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-3-ethylsulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound CCSCC(N)C(O)=O ULXKXLZEOGLCRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NZAQRZWBQUIBSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-sulfobutoxy)butane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCCCOCCCCS(O)(=O)=O NZAQRZWBQUIBSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000339 4-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940031005 ethyl cysteine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004212 difluorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000175 2-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001450 Alpha-Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical group OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 101100175010 Caenorhabditis elegans gbf-1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NKCYTMZOIDGVSI-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Na+].S([O-])(O)=O.CC(=O)C.[Na+].S([O-])(O)=O Chemical compound [Na+].S([O-])(O)=O.CC(=O)C.[Na+].S([O-])(O)=O NKCYTMZOIDGVSI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-RWMJIURBSA-N alpha-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-RWMJIURBSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940043377 alpha-cyclodextrin Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229960002433 cysteine Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- XWBDWHCCBGMXKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanamine;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN XWBDWHCCBGMXKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical compound NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GDSRMADSINPKSL-HSEONFRVSA-N gamma-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO GDSRMADSINPKSL-HSEONFRVSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940080345 gamma-cyclodextrin Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 208000027136 gram-positive bacterial infections Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229940079826 hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- IHUHXSNGMLUYES-UHFFFAOYSA-J osmium(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Os](Cl)(Cl)Cl IHUHXSNGMLUYES-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 1
- FROBCXTULYFHEJ-OAHLLOKOSA-N propaquizafop Chemical compound C1=CC(O[C@H](C)C(=O)OCCON=C(C)C)=CC=C1OC1=CN=C(C=C(Cl)C=C2)C2=N1 FROBCXTULYFHEJ-OAHLLOKOSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
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- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940001474 sodium thiosulfate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- AIWXQURDQHMMDO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hydrogen sulfite;propan-2-one Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)=O.OS([O-])=O AIWXQURDQHMMDO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
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Classifications
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Landscapes
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
200303749 ⑴ 玖、發_說_ (發明說明應敘明:發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、内容、實施方式及圖式簡單說明) 本申請案主張2002年2月22曰申請之美國臨時專利案第 60/358,760號之權利,該案之全文以引用的方式併入本文中。 技術領域 本發明是有關呈水溶液型式之醫藥組合物,可用於投予 至個體眼中以治療或預防其中的感染疾病。特言之,本發 明是有關此種組合物,其含充作活性劑之抗生素藥物,充 作助溶溶解劑之環糊精化合物,及充作保藏劑之四級銨化 合物,其不會抑制環糊精化合物對抗生素藥物之助溶溶 解。本發明領域也包括此組合物之治療性或預防性用途。 先前技術 許多不同的抗生素藥物已包括在設計用來口服,腸外及 局部投藥之調和物中,包括供眼用之調和物。 許多哼唑烷酮化合物據報告具有治療上及/或預防上有 用的抗生或抗菌,特別是抗菌作用。在此化合物中為在以 下專利中說明地揭示者,其各自個別納入此中為參考。 Brickner的 US Pat. No· 5,164,510 Brickner的 US Pat. No. 5,231,188 Barbachyn & Briekner的 US Pat. No. 5,565,571 Riedl et al.的 US Pat. No. 5,627,181 Barbachyn et al.的 US Pat· No. 5,652,238 Barbachyn et al.的 US Pat. No. 5,688,792 Riedl et al.的 US Pat. No. 5,698,574 Betts的 US Pat. No. 6,069,145。 200303749 (2) 揭不於上示U.s· Pat. No· 5,688,792中之化合物包括如化合 物(S)-N-[[3-[3_氟_4-(4•嗎福啉基)苯基]_2_酮基唑啶基] 甲基]乙醯胺,在此稱為”利蓁唑烷”(linez〇Hd)。利苯唑烷具 有下式⑴之結構:
(I) 且已上市為Pharmacia公司之。利莕唑烷有強的抗菌 活性可拮抗革蘭氏陽性有機體,有機體包括:f萄球菌屬 (如金黃色葡萄球菌,表皮葡萄球菌),鏈球菌屬(如綠色鍵 球囷,肺炎鏈球菌),腸球菌屬(如糞便腸球菌,屎腸球菌), 芽孢桿菌4,棒桿菌屬,衣原體屬及奈瑟氏球菌屬。此種 :蘭:陽性之有機體,6有許多已對其他抗生素發展出顯 著々彳! 生气唑烷酮抗生素,—般也可有效地拮抗厭氣性 有機體,如擬捍菌屬及梭菌屬,且也可拮抗抗酸性有機體, 如分枝桿菌屬—。 上文US Pat_ No. 5,688,792中肖示^燒嗣抗生素(包括利 幕峻燒)可被調和成凝膠或乳劑,以局部施加至皮膚。 許多抗生素,句括可亦你4丄丄+ 、 &生素之4峡燒酮化合物,並 不會形成或不易形成鹽類。目為這些化合物及基於任何理 由較好不以鹽型抗生素提供之_ 、 處’通常抗生素難以被調和 成在醫藥上可接受之液體哉# , 又 心載劍(特別是水性載劑)中之溶 液。此種化合物大多具低的水溶性。在細燒為例之中, (3) (3)200303749 室溫下之溶解度不到3毫克/毫升 限度是約2毫克/ Φ升。 當崎唑烷酮抗生素欲投予至眼睛時,希望可達到足约高 的藥物濃度,以有效治療眼睛感染,同時確保所有或實質 上所有藥物是在溶液之中。眼用溶液中任何不溶解粒子型 式之組份一旦投予至眼内會造成眼睛刺激。某些已接近需 投予低溶解度藥物至眼部之問題,即充份提供不溶藥物稀 水性眼用溶液’以確保藥物是在溶液中。此稀的藥物溶液 必定較相同藥物高濃度溶液更需頻繁投藥,此當有可能製 成此溶液時而言。 崎唑烷酮稀溶液之用途揭示於US Pat_ No. 6,337,329 B1(國 際案WO 00/03710),已列為本案參考。專利中特別揭示治療 眼中細菌性角膜炎或細菌性結膜炎之方法,此方法包括對 受感染之眼局邵投予4嗅燒酮抗生素。依據WO 00/03 710方 法中可供使用之較佳吟唑烷酮化合物包括(S)-N-[[3-[3-氟 -4-(4-嗎福啉基)苯基]·2-酮-5-吟唑啶基]甲基]乙醯胺(利莕 唑烷)及(S)—[[3_[3 -氟-4-[4-(巍乙醯基)-1 •喊畊基]苯基]-2-酮 基号峻淀基]甲基]乙醯胺(鹽波咬燒,eperezolid)。據稱崎 唑燒酮化合物可呈溶液劑,乳劑,油膏,乳液,懸液或缓 釋型碉和物型式投予,但以溶液劑為較佳。此中示範之眼 用調和物包括利莕唑烷丨0%及12% w/v溶液劑。在如此低利 審峻燒濃度下,US Pat· No. 6,337,329 B1進一步揭示,嘮唑烷 酉同化合物可以個別地,混合以另一 π号峻燒_化合物,混合 以另外的抗菌劑,或混合以非抗菌劑使用。 200303749
(4) 國際專利案No· WO 00/18387,已列為本案參考,其中揭示 含有崎峻燒酮抗菌劑之額外的稀水性眼用組合物。依據w〇 00/018387較佳的嘮唑烷酮化合物為示於US Pat. No. 181 中者。組合物中之呤唑烷酮組份,經指示其含量通常在組 合物按重計之由約〇·1至約1。〇% (ρ·8)。國際專利案中也揭示 組合物中可進一步含抗炎劑。 當欲將17亏也燒*嗣抗生素投了至眼内時,希望儘可能投予 小量的藥學有效劑量,使眼用溶液中幾乎無任何東西可刺 激眼睛。應可容易地明白,當藥物係呈溶解型式存在時, 投予相當少量組合物是難以達到此濃度的,除非組合物有 相當高的藥物負載’且藥物負載是實質上高出大多數号峻 烷酮抗生素在水中之溶解度限制且非呈鹽型式。 其衍生物,如酸及混合酸衍生物,且攜有糖殘基之衍生物 適合充作在水中僅略溶之各種藥物之助溶溶解劑。Ep OH m Β2(加拿大部#,CA 1222697)揭示部份醚化之^環糊来 及其衍生物Γ包括羥乙基,羥丙基及羥丙基-甲基-沒-環米 精,在充作不穩定或在水中殆難溶之各 & 土头物助洛溶解濟 之適合性。由EP 0149 197 B2所揭示之以_ 種以上部份酸 之/5 -環糊精可助溶之藥物中,無一去a ^ w #、、、 疋抗生素,更何況^ 口亏唑烷酮。另外,US Pat. No· 4 727 06政- 4’727’Q64揭,丙基+環米 精及環糊精衍生物,二乙胺基乙基_ θ ‘ 糊精,羥甲基 環糊精及羧醯胺基_/3 -環糊精可 土# 、 助柒物溶解之用法,但i 未揭不利用此助溶加強劑助溶溶解 解任何气唑烷酮。各種石: 200303749 (5) 少兀基醚%糊精衍生物,包括磺丁基醚_沒_環糊精及其在助 溶某些活性劑之利用性,揭示在US Pat。No· 5,134,127 ; 5,3 76,645中。此;^燒基醚環糊精衍生物助溶額外活性劑之用 法,揭不於 US Pat。No· 5J34J27,5,874,418,6,046,177 及 651335248 中。 多次劑量之調和物,通常含有保藏劑,包括眼用調和物, 以在開罐及使用中可保持無菌。uspat N〇 5,985,3 1〇注意到 -㈣題’即環糊精可使四級銨化合物及其他保存含有環 糊精之醫學組合物之抗菌活性失活。該專利中揭示使用某 些保藏劑,包括节烷銨*化物,聚合的四級銨化合物,及 四級銨烷二醇磷脂衍生物,其不與環糊精交互作用,以致 不會顯著地減低或消除含環糊精溶液中之抗菌保藏劑活 性。 WO 97/10805注意到環糊精對於水性 丨王日艮用洛硬中四級銨鹽 保藏劑有類似的負面衝擊。W〇 97/10Sm姐一 805揭不消除在此保藏 劑上負面衝擊之方法,係在含有環糊掉 ' — $承糊猜或環糊精衍生物及 四級銨鹽保藏劑之水性眼用溶液中加 八貌二醇。已列出適 用於此調和物中之許多不同的藥物· ’然而無一者是抗生 素,更何況是呤唑垸酮抗生素。 以上的參考文獻顯示,環糊精及並彳 ,、何生物,適於助溶溶 解各樣低水溶性之藥物。以上综合 > 姿# 、 义參考文獻也指出,當 保藏劑,特別是四級铵鹽,被納入各古π Q有每糊精之溶液中時, 保藏劑可與環糊精交互作用,如此奋虹& . 、 θ抑制保藏劑之效力。 即使保藏劑或保藏劑系統不與此調和你 、 中之環糊精組份反 -10 - 200303749 藥時之眼晴, 獻均未揭示π号 ’更何況是適
(6) 應’也會與投 述任一參考文 任一種調和物 物。 或調和物中其他 峻燒酮抗生素及 合投予至眼晴之 組份反應。上 環糊精化合物 嘮唑啶酮調和 對於藥物負载實質上超過 峻咬_抗生素溶液組合物, 性抗生素之眼用溶液組合物 物I相當而濃度的藥物及助 而保藏劑可保存抗生素之效 化合物之助溶作用。這些及 可得見。 藥物在水中溶解度之限度之啰 確有存在之需求。對於低水溶 有存在之特別需求,其中組合 溶劑’如環糊精或其衍生物, 力同時不會干擾溶液中環糊猜 其他需求由此中所述之本發明
由下文本發明之說明及 本保藏劑系統符合上述之需求 解釋中顯而易見。 發明内容 雖然本發明此中所示之组合物及方法係有關眼用抗生素 組合物及應用,然而本發明也可應用至供其他局部遞送型 式之組合物,—以及供口服及腸外投藥。 本發明提出適合局部投予至眼晴之醫藥組合物,组合物 中含:⑷抗生素藥物,其濃度可有效地治療或預防至少一 眼組織之細菌感染,_藥上可接受之環糊精化合物,Α 中環糊精濃度在藥物濃度下足以維持藥物在溶液中及⑷十 六烷基说啶鏽氯化物。 將環糊精納入之理由同樣並非本發明實務之限制。其可 用於助溶溶解,減少錢,渗透加強及穩定性加強二欲 -11 - 200303749
為理論所縛,咸信組合物中哼唑烷酮藥物溶解度之加強係 至少部份藥物與環糊精結合之故。進一步咸信,藥物與環 糊精結合可加強藥物在水性介質中溶解度的至少一個機制 是經由包涵體複合物之形成。此複合物或共軛物係技藝中 已知的可與各樣藥物形成,且環糊精-藥物複合物在醫藥上 之用途也提出許多優點。如見Bekers et al. (1991)於Drug Development及Industrial Pharmacy 17: 1503-1549; Szejtli (1994)於 Medical Research Reviews 14: 353-386;及Zhang & Rees (1999)於 Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents 9: 1697-1717總覽文件。 各種藥物與各種環糊精之調和物已在專利文獻中被提 及,包括下文參考之專利及刊物。 US Pat. No. 5,670,530 Chen & Shishido揭示組合物,其含若 丹青(rhodacyanine)抗癌藥及環糊精。 US Pat. No. 5,756,546,Pirotte et al·揭示含尼美舒利 (mimesulide)及環糊精之組合物。 US Pat. No. 5,807,895,Stratton et al·揭示含前列腺素及環糊 精之組合物。 US Pat. No. 5,824,668,Rubinfeld et al.揭示含 5冷類固醇藥物 及環糊精之組合物。 國際專利案No. WO 96/32135揭示含異丙酚(propofol)及環 糊精之組合物。 國際專利案No. WO 96/38175揭示含抗潰瘍之苯並咪唑化 合物及分支的環糊精-叛酸之組合物。 國際專利案No. WO 97/39770揭示含凝血酶抑制劑及環糊 -12- 200303749
精之組合物。 國際專利案No. WO 98/37884揭示含3,4_二芳基色滿之化合 物及環糊精之組合物。 國際專利案No, WO 98/55 148揭示含略水溶性之藥物,環糊 精9水溶性酸及水溶性有機聚合物之組合物。 國際專利案No。WO 98/58677揭示含有佑立康唑(voriconazole) 及環糊精之組合物。 國際專利案No· WO 99/24073揭示含類紫杉烷(taxoid)如紫 杉醇或多西他赛及環糊精之組合物。 國際專利案No. WO 99/27932揭示含有明確化式之抗菌化 合物及環糊精之組合物。 然而,經由特殊藥物或藥物類型與環糊精複合所達成之 藥物溶解度的加強,通常並無法預測。環糊精是昂貴的賦 形劑,且在許多例子中所加強的溶解度或其他優點,與因 添加環糊精造成調和物成本增加,在經濟效益上。本發明 有部份係依據以下發現為基礎,即加入適量環糊精化合物 (呈無保藏劑i液型式)可增加呤唑烷酮抗生素之穩定性達 令人驚訝程度。在其他優點之中,此溶解度之加強將有可 能是第一次以最少之劑量數將治療或預防有效劑量之呤唑 烷酮投予至眼睛。 適於眼用的許多不同的保藏劑及保藏劑系統已被發現及 發展。然而,此種保藏劑及保藏劑系統有許多並不適用於 含有活性劑及環糊精化合物之眼用調和物,因其會干擾或 甚至會阻礙環糊精對活性劑之助溶溶解。Furrer et al. -13 - 200303749
47: 105-112 (9)
European J. of Pharaceutics and Biopharmaceutics (1999)。另外’已應用合成的保藏劑,如十六烷基吡錠鑽氯 化物,由US Pat· No. 5,985,310揭示(如上述)可將保藏劑及環 糊精化合物間之抑制性交互作用減至最低。其他的包括組 伤,如烷二醇,以抑制保藏劑(如四級銨鹽)及環糊精間任 何的此種交互作用。此二途徑均涉及處理修飾,且頃發現 加至組合物中是不必要的。 —鮮對特足藥物或藥物類型選擇不會抑制環糊精化合物對 :物之助溶溶解之眼睛可相容保藏劑是不可預期的。由先 前技藝中得知對於四級銨鹽結合有修飾或抑制之需要,如 US Pat. No. 5,985,31〇及· 97/1〇8〇5,令人驚詩且意外可使 用十六燒基^鑕氣化物(―種四級錢鹽),而在^燒酉同 抗菌藥及環糊精化合物之眼用組合物中無任何此種修飾, 且不會抑制環糊精對藥物之溶解。 醫藥上可接受的”和此中所 斤用的展糊精或其他賦形劑關 係上表不,對於受治療個體 地女令A - 嗎^ 一般健康狀況無持久 十有口作用。環糊精之醫藥 Μ中之Μ π I上了接U生,在其他因素中依 寸淪中 < 特殊J哀糊精化合物, 降 ^ . , A”在所投予組合物中之濃 度,及依投藥路徑而定。例如, 版 環糊拎盔秘 在逆脈内組合物中使用/5 - 承相精為賦形劑可受溶血及腎 常益毒。 作用限制,當其口服時通 除非文中另有要求,此中單 數。例如,如上示太“ 數〈用法應了解係包括 藥上可接a… …组合物$ 啰唑烷酮抗生素”及" 接…糊精化合物",應了解組合物可含一種以 -14- 200303749
(ίο) 此種藥物及一種以上此環糊精化合物。 在一個具體實例中,本發明提出治療個體眼中既存之細 菌感染之方法,此方法包括由眼投予治療有效劑量之醫藥 組合物(如上述)。本發明組合物及方法有用的眼晴的感染 性疾病包括結膜炎’角膜炎,瞼炎,瞼結膜炎,眶及中隔 前峰窩組織炎及眼内炎。在較佳方法中,受感染組織為直 接為浸液浸泡之組織’如在結膜炎,角膜炎,險炎及瞼妹 膜炎中。 在起因有機體非細菌之感染性眼疾中,使用本發明組合 物控制二次細菌感染在預防用途上有益處。此狀況實例包 括病因為病毒之結膜炎及角膜炎,如腺病毒型結膜炎,上 皮軟疣,單純疱疹結膜炎及角膜炎等,及真菌性角膜炎。 本發明組合物之預防性用法也包括創傷後之預防,尤其 是手術後之預防,及眼科手術前之預防。 而構成’’可有效地治療及/或預防細菌感染之濃度”,在這 些因素中依據所投予之特殊嘮唑烷酮化合物;由活性劑特 殊調和物所ί是供之滯留時間;個體之種屬,年齡及體重; 治療或預防所尋求之特殊眼晴狀況;及狀況之嚴重度。在 利莕唑烷例子中,局部投予至眼晴之本發明組合物中之有 效濃度,頃發現通常在由約〇·1亳克/毫升至約1〇〇毫克/毫 升,又較典型是約0.5毫克/亳升至約80毫克/亳升。至於利 莕唑烷以外的嘮唑烷酮,適合的濃度範圍為治療上相當於 上示利審唆燒濃度者。 ,,實際的溶解度限度,,相關於藥物上,如本調和物中之巧 •15· 200303749 (11) I發明镜明續w 唑烷酮,表示藥物可調和在溶液中,而於製造,包裝,貯 存,處理及使用條件之正常範圍中藥物無沉澱或結晶危險 性之最高濃度。典型而言,在特定水性介質中,溶解度之 實際限制較真實限度為低,如約為真實溶解度限度之約 70%。因此,對於特定水性介質中真實溶解度限度為2.9毫 克/毫升之藥物,溶解度之實際限度似乎約為2毫克/毫升。
而’’眼睛可接受的”就調和物,組合物或此中組份而言表 示對於接受治療之眼或其功能並無持久性有害影響,或對 於受治療個體之一般健康無害。應了解,暫時性作用如少 量的刺激或’’刺痛感’’是局部眼睛投藥所共有的,而此種暫 時性作用之存在與討論中之調和物,組合物或組份係”眼睛 上可接受的”並不符合。然而,較佳的調和物,組合物及組 份為不致引起實質有害作用者,即使是暫時的本質。
所企求之組合物在治療革蘭氏陽性菌眼睛感染上高度有 效。然不欲為理論所縛,咸信在本發明調和物中可能的較 高已溶解哼唑烷酮濃度,可因環糊精化合物之存在而有助 益,且保藏-之存在不會降解或干擾環糊精,使吾等可遞 送較高量哼唑烷酮抗生素至眼睛組織,在此其需求更甚於 既存調和物可行的。因此,經由本發明方法治療眼睛,吾 等可治療或預防眼睛之細菌感染或其他狀況。 本發明其他優點由以下本發明說明及實例可更加明暸。 實施方式 依據本發明,任何抗生素藥物均可與環糊精化合物調 和。在一個具體實例中,抗生素存在於組合物中之濃度, -16- 200303749
(12) \ί 較好在藥物於生理可相容_值下於水性溶液中之實際溶解 度限度以上之濃度。在另一具體實例5環糊精可改進活性 劑之穩定性。又在另一具體實例中,環糊精可改進藥物至 眼睛之穿透性。又在另一具體實例中,環糊精可改善藥物 之眼睛耐性。抗生素較好是啰唑烷酮抗生素,即具有呤唑 燒嗣部份為其化學結構的一部份。又在另一較佳具體實例 中’嘮唑烷酮藥物是式(11)化合物
(II) 其中: R1選自(a) Η,(b) Ci_8烷基視所需為一個以上的F,(Μ,ΟΗ,
Cw烷氧基,Cw醯氧基或苄氧基所取代,且包括C3-6 環烷基,(c)胺基,(d)單-及二(Cw烷基)胺基,及⑷C卜8 烷氧基; _ R2及R3獨i選自Η,F及C1基團; R4 是 Η 或 CH3 ; R5選自Η,CH3,CN,C02R1及(CH2)mR6基團,其中Rl如上 文所定義,R6選自 Η,OH,OR1,OCORi,NHCORi,胺 基,單·及二(Cw烷基)胺基,且m是1或2 ; ^ η 是0,1或2 ;且 X 是 0,S,SO,S02,SNR7或 S(0)NR7,其中 R7選自 Η,Cu 烷基(視所需為一個以上的F,Cl,OH,Ci_8烷氧基’ -17- 200303749
胺基’ Cw單-或二(Ci 8烷基)胺基所取代,及對位-甲笨 磺醯基; 或其醫樂上可接受之鹽。 依據此具體實例之特佳的嘮唑烷酮藥物是式(II)化合 物9其中CHs ; R2及R3獨立地選自Η及F,但R2及R3至少 一者疋F ’ R及R5各自是η; ^是1;且X是〇,s或S02。在另 一較佳具體實例中,嘮唑烷酮藥物選自利茶唑烷,鹽波嗖 烷,N-((5S)-3-(3·氟心(2氟 乙基)-3-酮哌畊-1-基)苯基)·2、 酮号也邊-5-甚Ψ 1、 土 τ基)乙醯胺,(S)_N_[[3-[5-(3-吡啶基)嘧吩-2、 基]-2-銅基-5_π可嗤啶基]甲基]乙醯胺,(s)-N_[[3_[5_(4-吡啶基) 外匕喷:-2-基]-2-自同基|嘮唑啶基]甲基]乙醯胺鹽酸鹽及 N-[[(5S)-3-[4_(l,i_:氧化物—心硫嗎福啉基)_3,5_二氟苯基] 酮基_5-嘮唑啶基]甲基]乙醯胺。 依據每些較佳具體實例中任一者,以利莕唑烷為尤佳之 可唆k S同藥物。另一尤佳之哼唑烷酮藥物是 [[(5S) 3-[4-(1,1_二氧化物_4_硫嗎福啉基)_3,5-二氟苯基] 酮基-5-嘮唑▲其ί田# Ί 、、 疋卷]甲基]乙醞胺。本發明在此所說明的特別 疋矛】用利奈味燒’但應了解其他任何的呤唑烷酮抗生素化 合物’若欲求時可全部或部份替代利莕唑烷,只要在此中 斤I之組合物及方法中適度地調整濃度及劑量範圍。 用於本發明組合物中之哼唑烷酮化合物可以本身已知之 去製備’如於利蒸峻燒及鹽波也燒例子中,利用以下專 利所述之方法,其各自係個別地列為本案參考。 US Pat. No. 5,688,791。 -18 - (14) 200303749
US Pat, No· 5,837,870。 國際專利案No· WO 99/24393。 已知之方法製備,包括在 法。 而說明,且應了解其他任 可全部或部份替代利蓁唑 其他的哼唑烷酮藥物可以本身 揭示此藥物之專利案中所示之方 本發明在此特別參考利莕唑境 何的呤唑烷酮抗菌藥,若欲求時 烷,只在此中所述組合物及方法中齋澧 石Y對很度及劑量範圍做適 合的調整。 利莕唑烷在本發明组合物中之濃度通常為約3毫克/毫 升,至高至其中環糊猜實際可行之濃度,如約1〇〇毫克/毫 升。然而在欲將調和物以如所調和般直接投藥時,利以 燒濃度較好約(U至約100毫克/毫升,又較好約〇5至約8〇毫 克/毫升,且甚至較好約10毫克/毫升至約6〇毫克/毫升如 約50毫克/毫升。其他u号咬燒酮㈣有用的濃度為治療上相 當於上示之利莕峻燒濃度範圍者。 依據本發明與哼唑烷酮抗生素一起調和的環糊精較好選 自α·環糊精,環糊精,環糊精,烷基環糊精(如甲基 環糊精,二甲基_々·環糊精,二乙基-環糊精),羥烷 基環糊精(如羥乙基-沒-環糊精,羥丙基-沒-環糊精),羧烷 基環糊精(如羧甲基-点-環糊精)及磺烷基醚環糊精(如磺丁 基酸-/3 -環糊精)。較好是羥丙基-万-環糊精及磺丁基醚-石 •環糊精。 若欲求時,環糊精對崎岭烷酮抗生素之複合作用,可由 加入水溶性聚合物而增加之,如羧甲基纖維素或其鹽,羥 -19- (15) (15)200303749 丙基甲基纖維素或聚乙烯吡咯啶酮,如L〇ftss〇n (Η%),
Pharmazie 53: 733-740所述。 5衣糊精以可有效加強呤唑烷酮溶解度之濃度存在,如約1 ^約5〇〇毫克/亳升之濃度。實際上並基於環糊精之高費用, 糸糊精在本發明組合物中之含量,較好僅略高於將呤唑烷 嗣以欲求濃度維持在溶液中所需之最小劑量,如不超過約 5 〇 /❶以上。環糊精之含量較好高於嘮唑烷酮實際溶解度限 度。 、又 當組合物欲以所調和的型式直接投予至眼睛時,組合物 中%糊精含量較好是由約1至約5〇〇亳克/亳升,較好約5至約 30〇亳克/亳升,又較好約5至約25〇毫克/亳升,甚至較好約 10晕克/亳升至約100毫克/亳升。 、、且百物較好呈水溶液型式,又較好可呈滴眼劑型式。利 適5的刀藥器,經由投予已知數量之滴劑至眼内可計算 出活性劑之欲求劑量,且較好是一滴。適合的分藥器在國 際案WO 96/06581中有說明揭示,已列為本案參考。 本發明組合物較好進一步含有眼睛上可相容之抗氧化 浏。彳几氧化劑較好可加強本發明嘮唑烷酮之抗菌強度(當存 在時)。可包括在調和物中之較佳抗氧化劑包括下列:亞硫 酸氯納’硫代硫酸鈉,半胱胺酸乙醯酯,半胱胺酸,硫代 甘醇。又以亞硫酸氫鈉為較佳之抗氧化劑。 組合物可視所需進一步含至少一種眼睛上可接受的鹽, 八I疋使組合物之滲透壓在眼科可接受之範圍内。在某些 例子中’鹽類也可以是抗氧化劑,如上文所示。適用於調 •20- (16) (16)200303749
整滲透壓之蜂%44 一 w匕括鈉9鉀或銨陽離子,及氯化物,擰檬 敗見,抗壞血酸_ 、 ^ 硼酕鹽,磷酸鹽,碳酸氫鹽,硫酸蹢, 硫代硫酸鹽或亞辟齡气 ^ 友 4鮫虱鹽陰離子,·較佳鹽類包括氯化鈉, 虱化鉀,硫代硫酴 ^ ,’亞瓦酸氫鈉及硫酸銨,以氯化鈉為 尤佳者。其他適於4 '、、 於凋整滲透度之溶質包括糖,如右旋棘, 乳糖s木糖醇,以及甘露醇及甘油。 <本發明組合物可視所需進—步包括至少一種眼晴 受之pH值調整劑及/成缚输 所 $、’爰衝物貝,包括酸如醋酸,领月酸,掉 檬酸,乳酸,磷酸方Λ备 了 齔及虱鼠馱;鹼如氳氧化鈉,磷酸鈉, 鋼,擰檬酸納,酷酸4 ^ 骑&納,乳酸鈉及叁·羥甲基胺基甲燒, 二乙δ|·胺,及緩衝物暫4、 檸橡版鹽/右旋糖’碳酸氫納及氯 化按或胺基酸。此齡,孤 、 b ^ 驗及/或緩衝物質較好包括在維持組 合物PH值於眼晴上可接受範園内所需之劑量内。 、 因此I發明的一個特殊具體實例是如上文所述之組合 物’其進-步含有緩衝劑及/或可調整滲透壓之作用物,其 含量使溶液實質上係箬洽M i 貝你寺滲的,且有生理可接受之pH值。 藥物由眼夕f部高的洁生、奢e — L失率疋樂物局部投予至眼晴的一個 挑戰。在眼晴外侧(包括結膜囊),僅可容納少量流體,且 在正常條件下淚制充滿大部份可用空間。可為人類眼晴 接受但不致被洗去之呈藥 主樂物碉和物型之額外流體量約為3 微升至約2 5微升,但通當外 、吊約10微升。再者,淚液轉換率高, 通常每分鐘達約1 6%,且闵+、止七、、 丄 因此k成滴入藥物因正常排淚而 快速流失。因此,在正音政μ β 吊條件下’將藥物溶液或懸液組合 物滴入1 2滴# 5刀鐘内保留在眼外部的僅約藥物劑量之 -21 - 200303749
排除。如見 (17) 10%至約20%,且在15分鐘内組合物幾乎完全 Sorensen & Jensen (1979) Acta Ophthalmol(哥本哈根)’ 57 ’ 5 6 4 - 5 8 1。而因為局部投藥刺激造成反射性眨眼及流淚,甚 至可導致藥物更快的流失。 所滴入之調和物黏度增加,且因此也使淚液濃度增加, 可減少排淚速率,由是增加藥物在眼外部之滯留時間。自 所治療之眼中移去組合物之結果,是活性劑在淚液中及因 此在標的組織中之濃度減低。基於此理由,常以油膏為眼 用調和物。然而,油膏因會干擾視覺及眼瞼之自由運動因 此常會造成不適。因此澄清之水溶液及懸液通常是較佳選 擇,尤其對白天的投藥尤然。本發明眼用組合物可呈油膏 型式。然而,較好呈水性溶液或懸液型式,又較好是澄清 之水溶液型式。 本發明的組合物較好進一步含有至少一種眼睛可接受之 賦形劑組份’其可將淚水排除組合物之速率減低,如此組 合物在眼内之有效滯留時間可達約2至約24小時。排淚會產 生淚水,並石外侧洗去及經鼻淚管排洩至鼻咽腔方式移除 眼中物。自被治療眼中移去眼用組合物,結果使淚水及標 的組織内之活性劑濃度因此降低。 欲有持續抗菌效果,則淚水及標的組織(如角膜或結膜) 中活性劑之濃度必須保持在其“10%值以上。MIC9Gs以具感 染性之革蘭氏陽性菌例中,指可抑制90%標的有機體之最 低濃度。例如,當活性劑是利莕唑烷時,MIC9G約為4微克/ 耄升。而有效滯留時間”在此為組合物施加至眼睛後的時 -22- (18) (18)200303749 間,在此時間内,淚水及/或標的組織中活性劑濃度均可保 持在其mic9()以上。 本發明之水性懸液或溶液較好是黏稠的或具黏附性的, 或甚至較好也黏稠或具黏附性二者。在—個特佳具體實例 中本發明的水性懸液或溶液/懸液含有幾甲基纖維素,黏 稠度加強劑及黏附性促進劑。本發明水性懸液或溶液中幾 甲基纖維素之濃度較好是G 1%至5%,又較好約0至約 2.5%按重計。羧甲基纖維素較好呈羧甲基纖維素鈉型式, 其中鋼含量替代程度是約1%至約20%。 投予至眼晴#,較好不超過3滴,又較好不超過2滴,且 田不起過1滴,各自約1 0至約4 0微升,較好約1 5至約3 0 微升,如約20微升,應含有欲求劑量之活性劑。投予較大 量至眼晴時,有因排淚流失大量所施加組合物之危險性。 ,許多不同的賦形劑任一者均可納入本發明組合物中,以 口曰、且口物在眼中之滯留時間。例如,在本發明組合物中 " 任種眼睛可相容之黏度加強劑。適用於本發明組 合物中之另:類型賦形劑揭示於加咖d㈣仍Μ n〇 ’’ 5 1中G納入本案參考’其中描述液體水性眼用組合 物’其含藥物(較好是水溶性藥物),加上跳至㈣按重計 油…、固4卩⑼,其在人體溫下會形成凝膠。—旦將此液 、。物置入眼中’據知可形成凝膠,由是延缓藥物經排 、,自艮中I W失。此組合物據稱對於抗菌劑之眼睛遞送是 有用的,如汎可黴素(vancomycln)。 在較佳具體實例中,組合物是在原位可凝膠化之水性組 -23- 200303749
合物,又較好是在原位可凝膠之水溶液。此組合物含凝膠 化作用物,其濃度在一旦與眼接觸或與眼外部之淚液接觸 下可有效地促進凝膠化。適合的凝膠化作用物不受限地包 括熱固性聚合物,如環氧乙烷及環氧丙烷肆取代之乙二胺 或塊共聚物(如聚羥亞胺13〇7 (pol〇xamine 13〇7)); polycarbophil ;及多醣,如結蘭膠,鹿兒菜膠,如鹿兒菜 膠及τ-鹿兒菜膠),聚氨基葡萄糖及藻酸鹽膠。 而”在原位可凝膠化,,經了解不僅是與眼晴或其外部淚水 接觸下可形成凝膠之低黏度液體,也包括呈半流體及搖變 各疋膠之更為黏稠液體’其一旦投予至眼内黏度可實質地增 加或有凝膠強度。確實,將本發明組合物調和成凝膠是有 益的,可在投藥時將組合物之流失減至最低,如因反射性 眨眼所致之流淚。雖然在投藥時此組合物較好在黏度或凝 膠硬度上可呈現進一步的增加,但是若最初的凝膠具有足 夠的抗性可阻止排淚之消散,使其在此中將示下提供有效 的滯留時間,則此並非絕對必要的。 許多在原位凝膠化之赋形劑或系統,任一者均適用於本 發明組合物中,包括下列但不限於此。 已列入本案參考之 US Pat, No. 4,861,760,Mazuel & Friteyre 揭示一種液態在原位凝膠化組合物,據稱適用於眼晴。組 合物在水溶液中含有一旦反應淚液離子強度可進行液體_ 凝膠轉位之多醣。適合的多醣是結蘭膠,其使用濃度為組 合物按重計之〇· 。此組合物據稱可用於將抗生素,如 汎可黴素經眼投予。 -24- 200303749 (20) 在一個特佳的具體實例中,組合物是可在原位凝膠化之 水溶液,懸液或溶液/懸液,具有實質上如上US Pat· No· 4,861,760所述之赋形劑,其含約〇 1%至約2%按重計之多 St ’且一旦與具有淚液離子強度之水性介質接觸即可凝膠 化。此多醣以結蘭膠為較佳,又較好是低乙醯含量澄清級 的結蘭膠’如以商品名Gelrite®上市者。適當且部份去驢化 結蘭膠’由 Chang & Kobzeff揭示於 US Pat· No. 5,190,927,已列 為本案參考。較好藥物在組合物中係於溶液之中。 在另一特佳具體實例中,組合物是在原位可凝膠之水溶 液,懸液或溶液/懸液,其賦形劑實質上如上示us Pat N〇 5’587,175所述’含約〇2%至約3%,較好約〇5%至約1%按重 計之凝膠化多Si,較好選自結蘭膠,藻酸鹽膠及脫乙醯殼 多醣’及約1%至約5〇%水溶性的或膜聚合物,較好燒基纖 維素(如甲基纖維素,乙基纖維音彳, 纖本京)烴烷基纖維素(如羥乙 基纖維素,羥丙基甲基纖維素), ;故碼^及其鹽,硫酸軟骨 素及其鹽,丙烯醯胺,丙烯酸及聚 _ Μ 基丙缔酸酯之聚合物, 兴丁缔鉍甲酯及異丁婦酸羥乙基酶 ^ , ^ 氷合物’聚右旋 糖,%糊精,聚糊精,麥芽糖糊精, ^ m ^ 匍4醣,聚右旋糖, 月膠膠原蛋白,天然橡料(如黃 西音去牒芬命☆分 利槐膠,阿拉伯膠, 西只耆膠及屍兒菜膠及瓜爾膠),聚 果膠),繫Γ、膝敕 糖酸衍生物(如 禾胗)永乙晞醇,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮及 1 視所需含有凝膠-促進劑抗衡離子,如鉬。組合物可 膠在明膠内。較好藥物於組合物中…呈潛伏型式,如包 货、於溶液中。 在-個特佳具體實例中,組合 你位可凝膠化之水 -25- 200303749
溶液’懸液或溶液/懸液,具有實質上如US pat. No. 4,861,760 所述之賦形劑,其含約0.1 %至約2 %按重計之多醣,且一旦 與具有淚液離子強度之水性介質接觸即可凝膠化。此多醣 以結蘭膠為較佳,又較好是低乙醯含量澄清級的結蘭膠, 如以商品名Gelrite®上市者。適當且部份去醯化之結蘭膠, 由 Chang & Kobzeff揭示於 US Pat. No. 5,190,927,已列為本案參 考。較好藥物在組合物中係在溶液中。 藥物由眼外部高的流失率是藥物局部投予至眼睛的一個 挑戰。在眼睛外侧(包括結膜囊),僅可容納少量流體,且 在正常條件下淚液係充滿大邵份可用空間。可為人類眼睛 接受但不致被洗去之呈藥物調和物型之額外流體量約為3 微升至約25微升,但通常約10微升。再者,淚液轉換率高, 通常每分鐘達約1 6 %,且因此造成滴入藥物因正常排淚而 快速流失。因此,在正常條件下,將藥物溶液或懸液組合 物滴入1-2滴,於5分鐘内保留在眼外部的僅約藥物劑量之 1 0 %至約2 0 % ’且在1 5分鐘内組合物幾乎完全排除。如見 Sorensen & Je-nsen (1979), Acta 〇Ohthalm。】(哥申吟祀),57, 564-581。而由局部投藥刺激造成反射性目乏眼及流淚,甚至 可導致藥物更快的流失。 US Pat· No. 5,192,535, Davis et al·(已列為本案參考)揭示據 稱適合充作滴眼劑之液體組合物,其中利用不同的在原位 凝膠機制。這些組合物含有略交聯的含羧基聚合物,如 polycarbophil,且pH約3.0至約6,5。一旦將此組合物置入眼 内,與pH約7 · 2至約7.4之淚液接觸,據稱可造成凝膠化及接 •26- 200303749
下來在眼中之滯留時間增加,令含於組合物之藥物可持續 性釋出。此組合物可應用的藥物包括抗生素,如汎可黴素。 在特佳具體實例中,組合物是在原位可凝膠化之水溶 液,具有實質上如上示US Pat. No· 5,192,535中所揭示之賦形 劑’含約0.1%至約6.5%,較好約0.5%至約4.5%按組合物總重 計之一種以上略交聯的含叛基聚合物,且較好在溶液中具 有嘮唑烷酮藥物。此水性組合物具有pH約3至約6.5,較好 約4至約6。在此具體實例中之較佳聚合物是p〇lycarb〇phil, 其使組合物於與眼中之淚液接觸時會凝膠,而此淚液pH_ 般在約7 · 2至約7 · 4。此凝膠之形成使組合物較長期保留在眼 中並不致因排淚而流失。 US Pat. No. 5,212,162由Missel et al·揭示(在此已列為本案朱 考)據稱可適合眼用之液態在原位凝膠組合物。組合物中含 樂物’加上細碎(以約1至約2 5微米粒子大小為合宜)的載 劑,其可與藥物結合,及凝膠化多醣,較好是鹿兒菜膠, 尤其是每個雙醣單位的硫酸鹽部份不超過1·〇之鹿兒菜膠, 如麒麟菜紅藻膠,k·鹿兒菜膠或帚叉藻聚糖。此組合物可 供抗感染劑經眼遞送,如環丙沙星。 US Pat· No. 5,403,841由Lang et al·揭示,已列為本案參考, 據稱適合眼用之進一步液態在原位凝膠化之組合物。這些 組合物含有鹿兒菜膠,每雙醣單位的硫酸鹽部份不# @ 1.0,且可在0.5%至1%氣化鈉溶液中凝膠。此組合物據稱可 供眼睛投予抗感染劑,如環丙沙星。 US Pat. No· 5,587,175 由 Viegas et al·揭示,已列為本案春考, -27- 200303749 (23) 奋__盤_•續貰 據稱適合眼用之液態在原位凝膠化組合物。這些組合物含 有離子性多醣,如結蘭膠,藻酸鹽膠或脫乙醯殼多糖,及 成膜劑如:幾丙基甲基纖維素,羧甲基纖維素,硫酸軟骨 素鈉,玻璃酸鈉,聚乙婦吡咯啶酮等。組合物經pH值緩衝 以符合淚液之pH值。據知與鈣離子接觸即會發生凝膠化。 此組合物可用於抗生素之經眼遞送3如汎可霉素。 US Pat, No, 5,876,744 由 Della Valle et al·揭示(已列為本案 參考)生物黏附性及黏膜黏附性組合物,包括可充作眼用組 合物者其中含合成聚合物之混合物,如polycarbophil及聚 乙婦S手及生物聚合物如藻酸,透明質酸及硫酸皮膚素。此 組合物可增加特異藥物與所治療眼晴之接觸時間。 /州專利案Ν〇· 〇 424 043,已列為本案參考,揭示一種液 態眼用組合物,其含硫酸化多醣或其衍生物,其一旦與眼 中淚液 < 蛋白質交互作用,可進行液態-凝膠轉換。此硫酸 化多酷包括k-鹿兒菜膠,τ -鹿兒菜膠及其混合物。組合物 可用於抗菌劑之經眼遞送。 又另一特崔具體實例中,組合物是含有黃原膠之在原位 可凝膠之水溶液,實質上如US Pat. No. 6,174,524所揭示。 又另一特佳具體實例中,組合物是賦形劑實質上如上示 歐洲專利案No_ 0 424 043所揭示之在原位可凝膠之水溶液, 含約0.1 %至約5 %鹿兒菜膠。鹿兒菜膠為硫酸化之多醣;在 此具體實例中,鹿兒菜膠較好每個重複的雙醣單位中不超 過2個硫酸基,包括k-鹿兒菜膠(卡拉膠)有18-25%按重計之 硫酸酯’ τ -鹿兒菜膠,有25_34%按重計之硫酸酯及其混合 -28- (24) (24)200303749
物》如上示,和上示歐洲專利案Νο· 0 043教^^7 此中包括有保藏劑,較好依據本發明選用在組合物不會沉 澱之保藏劑。 在另一特佳具體實例中,組合物含眼晴可接受之黏膜黏 附性聚合物,選自如:羥丙基甲基纖維素,羧甲基纖維素, 聚窺乙埽製劑(丙烯酸聚合物),聚(異丁婦酸甲酯),聚丙烯 醯胺,polycarbophU,聚氧乙烯,丙埽酸/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物, 藻酸鈉及葡聚醣。 視所需地’在組合物中可加有眼睛可接受之黃嗓吟素衍 生物,如咖啡因,可可驗或茶鹼,實質上如Han & R〇ehrS在 US Pat· No· 4,559,343中所述,已列為本案參考。納入黃嘌呤 素衍生素可減少與投予組合物有關之眼部不適^ 視所需,可在組合物中納入一種以上眼睛可接受的界面 活性劑’較好是非離子性界面活性劑,以加強物理穩定性 或基於其他目的。適合的非離子性界面活性劑包括聚氧乙 晞脂肪酸甘油酯及植物油,如聚氧乙婦(60)氫化篦麻油;及 聚氧乙烯烷墓醚及烷基苯基酯,如奥西諾10 (oct()xyn()1 1〇), 奥西諾40。 視所需,可在組合物中包括一種以上的抗氧化劑,以加 強有必要之化學穩定性。適合的抗氧化劑包括抗壞血酸及 偏亞硫酸氯鋼。 於組合物中可視所需加入一種以上的眼睛潤滑劑,以促 進排淚或作為,,乾眼症”之藥物。此作用物包括聚乙烯醇, 甲基纖維素,經丙基甲基纖維素’聚乙稀峨12各燒酮等。應 -29- (25) 200303749 了解排淚之促進僅去排淚弈 1^^» 2 ^ ? ^彳天上缺陷時在本發明中才屬有 藍,以恢復到正常的分泌淚液水 ^ ^ ^ ^ Ο. 而*過量排淚發生時, 會減短組合物在眼中之滯留時間。 本特殊具體實例之組合物 n r/r而進一步含甘油,含量 為約0.5%至約5%,又較好約1%至約2 5%,如i 約2%按 重計、。甘油可用來增加組合物之黏度及可調整渗透壓。和 一步的環糊精,較好是羥丙基1 /毫升至約500毫克/毫升按重計。 如上文所述。 甘油《存在典_ ’本特殊具體實例之組合物可视所需含進 -環糊精,含量是約丨毫克 此環糊精可充作助溶劑, 在另-具體實例中,組合物可與抗菌劑以外的至少一種 藥物在共同治療,纟同投藥或共調和下使用。在一個特佳 只例中,本發明組合物進一步含治療及/或預防上有效劑量 的至少一種抗菌劑以外之藥物。抗菌劑以外的藥物可與哼 唑烷酮抗菌劑在組合物中合作,以治療及/或預防眼之感染 疾病,或可用來治療相關的或不相關之同時侵犯眼晴之狀 況。 ~ 任何有局部眼用利用性之藥物,均可如上述與本發明組 合物於共同治療,共同投藥或共調和中使用。此類藥物不 受限地包括緩和藥,抗霉劑,抗病毒劑及其他抗-感染劑; 乙醯膽鹼阻斷劑;腎上腺素能激動劑,沒-腎上腺素能阻斷 劑及其他抗青光眼劑;抗高血壓藥;抗組織胺,治白内障 藥;及局部及區域性麻醉藥。可供說明之特異藥物包括: 醋丁酿心安(acebutolol),乙酸p奎核酉旨(aceclidine),乙酿水揚酸(阿 -30- 200303749
(26) 司匹靈),N4乙醯醯胺異哼唑,阿洛芬酸(alclofenac),心得舒 (alprenolol),安芬酸(amfenac),氨氯外I:咪(amiloride),胺基己酸, 對位·胺基可樂寧(p_aminoclonidine),胺峻拉邁(aminozolamide),
茴雖二嗣(anisindione),艾帕芬(apafant),氨醯心安(atenolol),桿 菌肽,苯p惡洛芬(benoxaprofen),丁氧普魯卡因(benoxinate),苯佐 芬酸(benzofenac),比帕芬(bepafant),倍他半松(betamethasone), 倍他洛爾(betaxolol),氨甲酿甲膽驗(bethanechol),倍馬波特 (bimatoprost),布莫尼定(brimonidine),溴芬酸(bromfenac)溴己胺 (bromhexine),丁氯肋酸(bucloxic acid),丁喊卡因(bupivacaine), 丁 替普芬(butibufen),氯甲酸胜驗(carbachol),卡洛芬(carprofen) 希樂葆(celecoxib),頭孢菌素(cephalexin),氯黴素,甲氨二氮革, 氯普卡因(chlorprocaine),氯丙酸胺,氯四環素,芴丙酸(cicloprofen) 柱美辛(cinmetacin),環丙福4辛(ciprofloxacin),林大尼 (clidanac),氯林可黴素,可樂平(clonidine),氯胺煙酸(clonixin), 氯苯晚洛酸(clopirac),可待因(cocaine),色甘酸,環戊醇胺醋 (cyclopentolate),環丙庚淀(cyproheptadine),地美溴铵 (demecarium),地塞米松(dexamethasone),沙夫卡因(dibucaine), 雙氯芬酸(diclofenac),二氟苯水楊酸(diflusinal),雙特戊酸腎上腺 素(dipivefrin),杜塞酿胺(dorzolamide),依諾沙星(enoxacin),腎 上腺素,紅黴素,毒扁豆驗,雌二醇,利尿酸(ethacrynic acid), 依替卡因(etidocaine),伊托多雷(etodolac),聯苯丁嗣酸(fenbufen) 芬氯芬酸(fenclofenac),氯苯魂也乙酸(fenclorac),菲語洛芬 (fenoprofen),非替峻酸(fentiazac),氯滅酸(flufenamic acid),氟 芬水揚酸(flufenisal),氟諾洛芬(flunoxaprofen),氟甲松龍 -31 - 200303749
(fluoroquinolone),氟辛松龍(fluorometholone),氟比洛芬 (flurbiprofen)以及其酯類,丙酸乳替卡松(fluticasone propionate) 9 氟洛芬(furaprofen),氟漂芬(furobufen),氟芬酸(furofenac),利尿 石簧胺(furosemide) 9 健環胞(gancyclovir),健大黴素(gentamicin), 短桿菌肽,海克卡因(hexylcaine),後馬托品(homatropine),氫可 的松,依布芬那(ibufenac),異丁苯丙酸及其酿,破嘗,消炎痛 (indomethacin),因洛芬(indoprofen),干擾素,異丁甲黃嘌呤,異 氟磷酸,異丙腎上腺素,異克帕(isoxepac),酮而洛芬(ketoprofen), 酮洛酸氨基丁三醇(ketorolac),拉具洛爾(labetolol),拉托雷 (lactorolac),拉坦前列腺素(latanoprost),左丁酮心安 (levo-bunolol),利多卡因(lidocaine),龍那雷(lonazolac),洛替潑 諾(loteprednol),甲氯滅酸,甲幾松(medrysone),甲滅酸(mefenamic acid),卡波卡因(mepivacaine),間幾異丙腎上腺素 (metaproterenol),氨基甲燒(methanamine),甲氫化潑尼松,美他 辛酸(metiazinic),美托洛爾(metoprolol),滅滴靈(metronidazole), 亞胺帕芬(minopafant),米洛芬酸(miroprofen),MK-663,莫他帕 芬(modipafant),莕丁美酮(nabumetome),幾氫签心安(nadolol), 那莫瑞(namoxyrate),苯甲嗅琳(naphazoline),曱氧莕丙酸(naproxen) 及其醋,新霉素,尼帕芬酸(nepafenac),硝基甘油,正腎上腺素, 諾 沙星(norfloxacin),紐帕芬(nupafant),氟嗪酸(olfloxacin),奥 洛他定(olopatadine),奥沙普秦(oxaprozin),奥平那(oxepinac),魏 基保泰松(oxyphenbutazone),稀丙氧心安(oxyprenolol),氧四環 素,帕瑞考昔(parecoxib),青黴素,培氟沙星(perfloxacin),非那 西汀(phenacetin),非那叶匕淀(phenazopyridine),非利拉明 -32- 200303749
,苯丙醇胺, (28)
(pheniramine) 9 保泰松(phenylbutazone),苯麻黃驗 鱗驗(phospholine) 9毛果蕓香驗,心得靜(pindolol),说洛也拉 (pirazolac) 9 0比昔康(piroxicam) 9 说丙芬(pirprofen),多黏菌素, 多黏菌素B,潑的尼松(prednisolone),丙胺卡因(prilocaine),羧苯 橫胺(probenecid),普卡因(procaine),丙卡因,普替辛酸(protizinic acid),利美索龍(rimexolone),羅菲可西保(rofecoxib),幾甲叔丁 腎上腺素(salbutamol),東茛菪驗’心得怡(sotalol),橫胺醋醯 (sulfacetamide),橫胺酸,蘇林達(sulindac),硫丙芬(suprofen), 替諾昔康(tenoxicam),間輕叔丁腎上腺素(terbutaline),丁卡因 (tetracaine),四環素,荼鹼,噻嗎心安(timolol),妥布黴素 (tobramycin),甲苯醯外1:咯乙酸(tolmetin),比馬前列胺 (travoprost),去炎松(triamcinolone),甲氧苄氨嘧啶 (trimethoprim) ’ 托斯比黴素(trospectomycin),代地考昔 (valdecoxib),沉可黴素(vancomycin),維達賓(vidarabine),維生 素A ’爷丙酮香豆素(warfarin),佐美平(zomepirac)及其醫藥上可
接受之鹽類。 本發明組合物可以技藝中已知之方法製備,包括將組份 單純地摻和,並依所需攪動。較好,先製備環糊精化合物 之水溶液,再於溶液中於攪拌下加入呈細碎固體粒子型式 之嘮唑烷酮,直到完全溶解為止。當欲製備經緩衝的等滲 溶液時,可在任何階段加入可調整滲透壓之緩衝劑,但較 好於加入嘮唑烷酮之前,以與環糊精化合物之溶液型式存 在。類似地,當欲在組合物中加入上示另外的組份中任一 者時,其可在任何階段加入,但在加入呤唑烷酮前較好以 33 · (29) (29)200303749 與環糊猜戸八 a在溶液之型式存在。本發明眼用組合物之製 忒敉好如此 %订,以生成無菌的產物。 本發明的氽α 性懸液可包裝在單劑非一可再關閉之容器 内。此容器可 " , 吏、、'且合物維持在無菌條件下,且減少保藏劑 <必要,如今 ^ "來之保藏劑9其有時會引起眼睛之刺激及過 ° 另夕卜 可使用多劑量可再關閉之容器,在此例中於組 合物中輕杯—l '、 匕括有保藏劑。 在本發E1 Γ、:μ i 、、 万法中,為治療或預防感染性疾病,如上述呈 治療或fi p六;^ ^ 士、 " 有政劑量之眼用組合物,投予至所需個體之至 少一眼中。 在本發明方法中,如此中所述之組合物,以抗菌有 "4* in 、 。仅于至為一種以上細菌有機體所感染之眼中。眼是 Μ血動動,較好是哺乳動物之眼。適合的哺乳動物個體包 括飼養的哺乳動物,農場及外來種哺乳動物,及人類。方 法可用於治療狗,貓,馬,牛,羊及豬之眼睛感染,但較 特別是用於人類個體。 如上示,本發明方法特別可用於因一種以上革蘭氏陽性 菌感染所致之感染性疾病。當需要較廣效的抗菌活性時, 則第二種抗菌劑可與本發明組合物在共同治療(包括如共 同凋和)中投予。當第一種抗生素是有效地拮抗革蘭氏陽性 菌,則第二種抗菌劑可選出以有效拮抗標的革蘭氏陰性 囷。此共同治療及共同調和物也是本發明具體實例。 可供說明之第二柷菌劑可選自胺基糖苷類,頭孢菌素 類,二胺基吡啶類,氟喹喏酮類,磺醯胺類及四環素類。 -34- 200303749
可供說明地 (30) 在這些及其他類型之特殊抗菌劑中,下列各自 充作本發明具體實例中之第二抗菌劑,如:阿米卡星 (amikacin) 9 頭抱克辟(cefixime),頭抱喊 _#j(cefoperazone),頭 孢p塞辟納(cefotaxime),頭孢他淀(ceftazidime),頭孢竣肋鋼 (ceftizoxime),頭孢曲松鈉(ceftriaxone),氯黴素,環丙沙星 (ciprofloxacin),克林達黴素(clindamycin) 5可利斯汀(黏菌素 colistin),去甲環素(domeclocycline),去氧 土黴素(doxycycline), 健大黴素(gentamicin),磺胺米隆(甲磺滅膿mafenide),甲烯土黴素 (methacycline),美諾四環素(minocycline),新黴素(neomycin),諾 氟沙星(norfloxacin),氟喚酸(ofloxacin),土霉素(oxytetracycline), 多黏菌素B (polymyxin B),乙胺哺淀(pyrimethamine),橫胺續淀銀 (silver sulfadiazine),橫胺錯酿(sulfacetamide),續胺異吟峻 (sulfisoxazole),四環黴素(tetracycline),妥布黴素(tobramycin)及 甲氧爷淀(trimethoprim)。 本發明組合物較好不含有似乎會干擾任何抗生素溶解作 用或其中所含任何抗生素之抗生素活性之藥物,如抗炎劑 (即COX-2抑制齋】)。 在本發明方法中,含抗菌有效拮抗革蘭氏陽性菌之組合 物,以抗菌有效劑量局部投予至為一種以上革蘭氏陽性菌 有機體所感染之眼睛中。 在一個較佳方法中,革蘭氏陽性菌有機體有:葡萄球菌 屬(如金黃色葡萄球菌,表皮葡萄球菌),鏈球菌(如綠色鏈 球菌,肺炎鏈球菌),腸球菌屬,芽孢桿菌屬,棒桿菌屬, 丙酸桿菌,衣原體屬,莫拉氏菌屬,嗜血菌屬及奈瑟氏球 -35- (31) 200303749
革蘭氏陽性菌是對哼唑烷酮抗菌 發明所投予組合物中之抗菌劑發 囷屬。在尤佳之方法中$ 劑(如利蓁峻燒)以外,本 展出顯著抗性水平之菌株 以本發明方法治療細菌性結腸炎是適合的,如為下列一 種以上種屬所感染的:*黃色葡萄球菌,表皮葡萄球菌, 肺人鏈球菌,釀膿鏈球菌、綠色鏈球菌,糞便腸球菌,棒 才千菌屬丙酸#菌屬,黏膜炎莫拉氏菌(論肌⑷“恤地仙) 及流感嗜血菌。 以本發明方法治療細菌性瞼炎是適合的,如其中係為— 種以上下列種屬所感染:金黃色葡萄球菌,表皮葡萄球菌 及肺炎鍵球菌。 以本發明方法治療細菌性角膜炎是適合的,如為下列一 種以上所感染者:金黃色葡萄球菌,表皮葡萄球菌,肺炎 鏈球菌及綠色鏈球菌。 以本發明方法預防眼晴手術前之細菌感染是適合的,如 有可為下列一種以上感染之危險性者:金黃色葡萄球菌, 表皮葡萄球菌,棒桿菌屬及丙酸捍菌屬。 在另一具體實例中,此方法可用來投予含可有效拮抗革 蘭氏陰性菌之抗生素之組合物。在任何特殊狀況下欲使用 之適合的劑量,投藥頻率及作用期,即療程,可在無不當 實驗下為精藝者容易地決定,且在其他因素中依組合物中 存在之特殊抗生素藥物,欲治療之特殊眼睛感染狀況,個 體之年齡’體重及一般健康狀況,及所投予至個體之其他 藥物而定。最好可追蹤眼晴感染狀況對本發明治療之反 -36- (32) (32)200303749 應,且基於此追縱於必要時可調整療程。 清醒狀態下投藥頻率通常為給藥間隔 I P二劑間隔時 在約2至約12小時間,較好約3至約8小睡5 #、哼,如約4至約6 時。精藝者應明白,適合的給藥間隔多 乂依所選用組合物 可維持淚水及/或標的組織(如結膜)中活性 、 (如5峻燒酉同 抗生素)濃度在MIC9〇以上之時間長短而定。 心里想上濃度維持 在MIC9〇以上達給藥間隔至少1〇〇%之A。舍 八 田禾達到時,希望 濃度應可保持在MIC%以上至少是給藥間隖 呆間隔的約60%,在最 糟狀況下也要有至少約40%。 以下實例說明本發明之方法及產物。其不欲構成限制。 除非另有所示,所有實驗均在室溫及室内壓力下進行。 實例 以下實例在不欲充作限制下說明本發明各方面。 复土L1-利笨唑悅存旙丁某醚-yg -環糊精之溶觫麼 所進行的研究是用來檢視利莕唑烷在含磺丁醚-々_環糊 精(SB·冷-CD)水性系統中之溶解度。 製備濃度為10,50,100,150,250及500毫克/毫升之SB-沒-CD水溶液。在各溶液中加入過量的利-唑烷。溶液在25 °C下攪拌24小時,再利用〇.2微米Gelman Acrodisc過濾單位過 濾,並以HPLC分析利苯唑烷。 利莕也烷在pH 7純水中之飽和溶解度,經分別決定知為 2,9±〇·1亳克/亳升。如表1所示決定利蓁唑烷在SB-fCD水 溶液中之飽和溶解度。 -37- 200303749
(33) 表1.利蓁唑烷在SB-/9 -CD溶液中之飽和溶解度 sBkd濃度(毫克/毫升) 利莕唑烷溶解度(毫克/毫升) 10 4.3 50 9.5 100 --—-— _ 15,9 150 22.1 250 --—— 33.4 500 59.9 =種崎唑烷酮在羥丙某 j -環糊精之溶觫麼
此研究用以檢查三種嘮唑烷酮化合物(在此為化合物1, 化合物2及化合物3)於含羥丙基_ /5 -環糊精(HP-冷-CD)之水 系統中之溶解度。 化合物1是(S)-N-[[3-[3-氟-4-(4•羥基乙醯基)-i_哌畊基)苯 基]-2-酮基_5^号唑啶基]甲基]乙醯胺。
化合物2是(S)_N-[[3-[3-氟-4-(4-嗎福啉)苯基]_2·酮基_5-嘮 峻啶基]甲基]乙醯胺(利莕唑烷)。 化合物3是⑻二酮硫代嗎福啉·‘基)苯 基]-2-酮基-5-号唑啶基]甲基]乙醯胺。 製備濃度為0 ’ 60,100,200,3〇〇及4〇〇毫克/毫升之Ηρ· 0 _CD 水溶液。在各溶液中加入過量的化合物丨,2或3。溶液在37 °C下攪拌48小時,再過濾,並以Ηρΐχ分析以提供化合物i, 2及3在各Η P -点-C D溶液中飽和溶解度之測度。 飽和溶解度圖示於圖1 頃發現各呤唑烷酮化合物之飽和 溶解度與ΗΡ_ /5 -CD濃度有線性關係 -38- 200303749 (34) 實你1 3 -對保藏鄭j效力之測試 如下實例所述製備許多眼用調和物,並依據USP美國藥典 ("USP XXIV”)及歐洲藥典("EP”)準則如下述地測試保藏劑之 效力。這些是標準試驗,且傳統上可用來決定任何既定保 藏劑或經保藏組合物之保藏效力。在概要中特示之微生物 以及環境分離物,用來檢視調和物符合準則之能力。 概要特示之對數減少準則如下:
USP XXIV EP
1A類型之水性基劑注射劑包括乳劑, 水性調和的腸外及眼用製劑 耳藥,無菌鼻用產物及眼藥
測試準則 7天 14天 28天 6小時 24小時 7天 14天28天 細菌 1 3 NI A2 3 — — — B— 1 3 — — 霉&酵母 NI NI NI A__ 2 - NI
B- -- - 1 NI 應了解上述準則可依漸增之嚴格次序排列:USP<EP B<EP A。而’’ΝΓ在此指在生長上未觀察到有所增加。 因此標的可符合EP A,且無法符合EP Β。 實例4-利苯唑烷眼用調和物之製備 如下表1 -3所述製備以含利莕唑烷為活性劑的三種眼用 調和物型式。表1描述僅以已溶解藥物製備之調和物。述於 表2之調和物含有一個中性聚合系統,可加強調和物在眼中 之滯留時間。表3之調和物含有陰離子聚合物系統可加強調 -39- 200303749
和物在眼中之滯留時間。在表1至3所述化合物中全部(除了 一者)使用二種四級銨保藏劑$氯苄烷銨("BAC”)或十六烷基 吡啶鑕氯化物("CPC”)。在某些調和物中包括亞硫酸氫鈉/偏 亞硫酸氫鈉,但其他則否。 一般已知聚合物$尤其是荷電之聚合物,常與許多普通 保藏劑係不相容的。因此5除了難以呈現與環糊精及呤唑 烷酮相容之保藏劑外,表3之調和物在鑑定可提供有效抗菌 保藏劑之調和物上也有問題。 表1 :無較厚之溶液調和物 ID 活性 組份(%) 環糊精 水平 聚合物 系統 EDTA (%) BAC (%) CPC (%) 亞硫酸 氫鈉(%) 其他 1 5 25 - 0.1 _ 0.01 - 調至 pH 5.0 2 5 25 0.1 晒 0.05 _ 調至 pH 5.0 表2 :含有中性聚合物之調和物 ID 活性 組份(%) 環糊精 水平(%) 聚合物 系統 EDTA (%) BAC (%) CPC (%) 亞硫酸 氫鈉(%) 其他 3 1 5 HPGuar/ 瓊脂糖 0.1 0.02 _ 調至 pH 5.2 4 1 一 5 HPGuar/ 瓊脂糖 0.1 0.02 調至 pH 5.5 5 5 25 HPGuar/ 瓊脂糖 0.1 0.02 0.05M 檸檬酸 緩衝溶液 pH 5.0 6 5 25 HPGuar/ 瓊脂糖 0.1 0.05 0.05M 檸檬酸 緩衝溶液 pH 5.0 7 5 25 HPGuar/ 瓊脂糖 0.1 0.05 0.1 0.05M 擰檬酸 缓衝溶液 pH 5.0 -40- 200303749
表3:含有陰離子聚合物之調和物 ID 活性 組份(%) 環糊精 水平(%) 聚合物 系統 EDTA (%) BAC (%) CPC (%) 亞硫酸 氫鈉(%) 其他 8 1 5 鹿兒雜 0.1 _ - 0.2 調至 pH 6.0 9 2 10 NaCMC 0.1 0.02 » 調至 pH 6。0 10 4 20 NaCMC 0.1 0.02 _ 調至 pH 6.0 11 2 10 NaCMC 0.1 0.053 0.05M 檸檬酸 缓衝溶液 pH 4.8 12 4 20 NaCMC 0.1 0.042 0.05M 檸檬酸 緩衝溶液 pH 4.8 13 5 25 NaCMC 0.1 0.05 0.02 0.05M 擰檬酸 緩衝溶液 pH 4.9 14 5 25 NaCMC 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.05M 檸檬酸 緩衝溶液 pH 4.8 15 5 25 NaCMC 0.1 0.05 0.08 0.05M 擰檬酸 緩衝溶液 pH 5.0 16 5 25 NaCMC 0.1 0.05 0.1 0.05M 擰檬酸 緩衝溶液 pH 5.0 上表1至3之所有濃度均按(%) w/w計。表3中NaCMC使用水
平為1%。表2中,HPGuar為0.5%,而瓊脂糖為0.13%。BAC : 氯宇燒铵;CPC :十六燒基^:淀鑌氯化物;NaBisulfite :亞 硫酸氫鈉;NaCMC :羧甲基纖維素鈉;HPGuar :羥丙基瓜 -41 - 200303749
(37) 爾膠。 實例5-利苯唑烷眼用溶液測試結果 依據上實例3所示步騾,測試於上實例4所述製成之調和 物。特言之,所有調和物先在縮寫測試計劃中測試,其中 包括有機體之減低組。完全的測試計劃僅當有機體在縮寫 之試驗中於24小時時均通過EP B準則時才實行。頃發現縮 寫之試驗極可為完全測試結果之預言。 結果综合於下表4,5,6中。 表示示出,在含有環糊精之系統中,在達成保藏劑效力 前需特定水平之CPC。ID#1,僅含0.01% CPC,無法通過EP A 及B測試。相反的,ID#2,含有0.05% CPC,除了一個受試有 機體外均可通過EP A,而另一者則是通過EP B。 表4 :在表1溶液調和物上AET測試之結果 ID BAC (%) CPC (%) 亞硫酸 氫鈉(%) 有機體 在以下達成之減少對數值 建議 6小時 24小時 7天 14天 1 0.01 - 金黃色 葡萄球菌 -0.3 -0.1 中止測試。 無法通過 EP A及B 〇 大腸样菌 0.2 0.2 鏈球菌 0.5 0.1 2 0.05 金黃色 葡萄球菌 0.4 GT3.9 GT3.9 GT3.9 以其他有機體 擴大測試, 6小時時,除了 金黃色葡萄球 菌均通過EP A。均通過EP B 0 大腸桿菌 2.4 3.7 GT6.8 GT6.8 鏈球菌 1,9 GT3.7 GT3.7 GT3.7 表5顯示,雖然0.02% BAC並無效力(ID#3),但令人驚訝
地,0.02% CPC在含5%環糊精之調和物中可有效地通過EP A -42- 200303749
需更高水平 (38) (ID#,s 4及5) °然而’環糊精水平增加到25%,貝,J 的CPC(高達0·05% ;比較ID#4至ID#5)。亞硫酸氫鈉之加入令 人驚訝,可改善保藏劑效力(比較ID#6至#7),而令此調和物 可通過EP B。 表5 :表2中含中性聚合物之調和物之AET測試結果
ID BAC(%) 0.02 CPC(%) 亞硫酸 氫鈉c%) 有機體 金黃色 葡萄球菌 大腸桿菌 鍵球菌 在以下達成之減少對數值 建議 6小時 24小時 7天 14天 0.1 1.1 -0.1 -0.2 2.5 GT4.6 中止測試 大腸样菌 無法通過 EPB。 4 0.02 0.02 金黃色 葡萄球菌 大腸桿菌 鍵球菌 金黃色 葡萄球菌 大腸桿菌 鏈球菌 GT4.6 GT4.6 GT4.6 GT4.6 3.1 GT4.6 0.6 0.6 1.8 GT6.9 GT4.6 0.8 1.6 GT6.9 GT4.6 GT6.9 GT4.6
以其他有機 體擴大測試 均通過EP A 6 0.05 2.1 中止測試。 金黃色葡萄 球菌無法通 過 EPB。 金黃色 葡萄球菌 0.4 0.3 菌 鏈球菌 2.1 2.5 金黃色 葡句球菌 大腸捍菌 鏈球菌 下表6示出頃發現〇.〇2〇/q 之調和物中並非有效的保
1,8 2.3 GT3.7
中止測試。 金黃色葡萄 球菌及鏈球 菌無法通過 epb^ 6小時時, 金黃色葡萄 球菌外均通 過EP A 〇 均通咼EPB BAC在含有20或甚至10%環糊精 藏劑(ID#9,ID#10)。以 〇·〇5%水十 -43 - 200303749
(39) 之CPC (ID#11,ID#12)可見效力有所改進。加入少量的亞硫 酸氫鈉可大大地改善保藏劑之效力(ID#、,13-16)。然而,發 現亞硫酸氫鈉本身並非有效的保藏劑。如見表6 ID#8之結 果9其中顯示:有環糊精及〇。2%亞硫酸氫鈉,且無CPC或BAC 之利蓁唑烷溶液,在僅24小時後以大腸样菌無法通過EP B 試驗。
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表6 :表3含陰離子性聚合物(NaCMC)調和物之AET測試結果 ID BAC (%) CPC (%) 亞硫酸 氫鈉(%) 有機體 在以下達成之減少對數值 建議 6小時 24小時 7天 14天 8 0.2 金黃色假 單胞样菌 0.8 1.6 中止測試, 24小時時 大腸桿菌 無法通過 EPB。 大腸捍菌 0.5 0.3 鏈假單胞 样菌 2.1 3.6 9 0.02 金黃色 葡萄球菌 0.2 0.4 中止測試 24小時時, 除了鏈球菌 均無法通過 EPB。 大腸样囷 0.1 0.1 鏈球菌 0.3 1.3 10 0.02 金黃色 葡萄球菌 0.2 0.2 中止測試 24小時時, 除了鏈球菌 均無法通過 EPB。 大腸样囷 0.2 0.3 鏈球菌 0.2 1.0 11 0.053 金黃色 葡萄球菌 0.0 1.6 GT3.2 以其他有機 體擴大測試, 在6小時時均 通過EP B, 但EP A則否。 大腸桿菌 1.8 2.7 GT5.5 鏈球菌 0.3 2.3 12 0.042 - 金黃色 葡萄球菌 0.0 0.3 GT3.2 24小時時, 金黃色葡萄 球菌無法通 過 EPB, 以其他有機 體擴大試驗, 在6小時時均 通過EP B,但 EPA則否。 大腸捍菌 1.9 2.7 GT5.5 鏈球菌 0.2 2,0 13 0.05 0.02 金黃色 葡萄球菌 0.2 2.8 在6小時時, 除了金黃色 葡萄球菌及 鏈球菌,均通 過 EP A 〇 均通過EPB ^ 大腸样菌 1.8 3.4 鏈球菌 0.9 GT3.0 14 0.05 0.05 金黃色 葡萄球菌 0.4 GT3.3 6小時時,除 了金黃色葡 萄球菌,均通 過 EP A。 均通過EP B。 大腸样菌 1.1 4.1 鏈球菌 2.2 GT2.2 -45- 200303749
(41) ID BAC (%) CPC (%) 亞硫酸 氫鈉(%) 有機體 在以下達成之減少對數值 建議 6小時 24小時 7天 14天 15 0.05 0.08 金黃色 葡萄球菌 0.5 GT3.3 6小時時, 除了金黃色 葡萄球及大 腸捍桿菌, 均通過EPA。 均通過EPB。 大腸样囷 0.6 3.8 鏈球菌 GT3.0 GT3.0 16 0.05 0,1 合音耷 i萄球菌 03 2.9 6小時時,除 了金黃色葡 萄球菌, 均通過EP A。 均通過EPB。 大腸样囷 1.2 3.8 鏈球菌 2.7 3.7 實例6 -额外利签峻燒調和物之製備及測試 如實例4所述製備额外的樣品組,並依上實例3所述地測 試,並以選自下列至少一種抗氧化劑取代亞硫酸氫鈉二硫 代硫酸鈉,半胱胺酸乙醯酯,半胱胺酸,硫代甘油,硫酸 氫納,丙酮亞硫酸氫鈉,二硫赤絲藻醇,二硫異赤絲藻醇, 硫脲及異抗壞血酸。在硫代硫酸鈉,半胱胺酸乙醯酯及半 胱胺酸之例子中,在至少一個受試調和物樣品中,抗氧化 劑濃度是0.25%。在硫代甘油例子中,在至少一個受試調和 物樣品中,抗氧化劑濃度是0.5%。 圖式簡單說明 圖1是此中實例5所述研究之數據圖示,並明示出含有羥 丙基召·環糊精(HP-召-CD)之水溶液中,嘮唑烷酮化合物加 強之飽和溶解度。 -46-
Claims (1)
- 200303749 拾、申請專利範圍 1· 一種適於局部投藥至眼睛之醫藥組合物,其含: (a) —種抗生素,於可治療及/或預防至少一種眼晴 之革蘭氏陽性菌感染之有效濃度下; (b) —種醫藥上可接受之環糊精化合物,於足以維持二亥 藥物在溶液中之環糊精濃度下;及 ^ (c) 十六烷基吡啶鑪1化物。範圍第1項之組合物’其中的抗生素是^唤 且細菌感染是革蘭氏陽性菌感染。 範園第2項之組合物’其中的呤唑烷酮抗生反1選自(a) Η ’(b) Cu燒基,視所需為F,C1,〇H,匕8 烷氧基及CUS醯氧基至少一者或Ci.8芊氧基所取8 代,包括C3·6環烷基,⑷胺基’⑷單_及二(Cl』烷基) 胺基及(e) CU8境氧基; 及R3各自獨立選自H,F及C1; 玖4是Η或CH3 ; 反5選自Η,CH3,CN,CC^R1及(CH2)mR6,其中R1如上文 所定義,R6選自 Η,OH,OR1,OCOR1,NHCOR1,胺 200303749基,單及二(Cl-8烷基)胺基,且^是1或2; Ϊ1 是0,1或2 ;且 X 是 0,S,SO,S02,SNR7或 S(0)NR7 5 其中 R7選自 Η, Cw烷基(視所需為一個以上F,Cl,OH,Ci_8烷氧基, 胺基,Cw單-或二(Cl_8烷基)胺基所取代,及對位„ 甲苯磺醯基; 或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。 4·根據申請專利範圍第3項之組合物,其中R1是CH3 ; R2及 R3獨立選自Η及F,但R2及R3至少一者是F ; R4及R5各自是 Η ; η是1 ;且X選自0,S及S02。 5. 根據申请專利範圍弟2項之組合物’其中的t?号峻燒g同抗 生素選自由:利寨峻垸(linezolid),鹽波峻燒(eperez〇Hd), N-((5S)-3-(3-氟-4-(4-(2-氟乙基)-3-酮旅哨1 -1-基)苯基)_2_酮 基崎峻-5-基曱基)乙醯胺,(S)-N-[[3-[5-(3_p比淀基)硫苯_2· 基]-2-酮基-5-嘮唑啶基]甲基]乙醯胺,(S)_N_[[3-[5-(4-吡啶 基)外b淀-2-基]-2-S同基-5-今峻淀基]甲基]乙酿胺鹽酸鹽及 N-[[(5S)-3-[4-(l,l-二氧離子基-4-硫代嗎福琳基)·3 %二氟 苯基]-2-酮基·5β唑啶基]甲基]乙醯胺組成之群中。 6. 根據申請專利範圍第2項之組合物,其中的唠唑燒酮抗 生素是利莕峻燒(linezolid)。 7·根據申請專利範圍第2項之組合物,其中的呤嗤燒酮抗 生素含量是約0.1毫克/毫升至約100毫克/毫升。 8·根據申請專利範圍弟1項之組合物’其中的環糊精化合 物選自由α ·環糊精,/3 -環糊精,T -環糊精,院基環糊 200303749 精,羥烷基環糊精,羧烷基環糊精及磺烷基醚環糊精組 成之群中。 9. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之組合物,其中的環糊精化合 物選自由羥丙基-iS -環糊精及磺丁醚-沒·環糊精組成之 群中。 10. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之組合物,其中的環糊精化合 物濃度是約1至約500毫克/毫升。 11. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之組合物,其中的十六烷基吡 啶鑌氯化物濃度是約0.001至約10毫克/毫升。 12. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之組合物,其進一步含抗氧化 劑。 13. 根據申請專利範圍第12項之組合物,其中的抗氧化劑選 自由硫代硫酸鈉,半胱胺酸乙醯酯及硫代甘油組成之群 中 〇 14. 根據申請專利範圍第12項之組合物,其中的抗氧化劑選 自由硫酸氫鈉,丙酮亞硫酸氫鈉,二硫赤絲藻醇,二硫 異赤絲讓醇,硫脈及異抗壞血酸。 15. 根據申請專利範圍第12項之組合物,其中的抗氧化劑是 亞硫酸氫鋼。 16. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之組合物,其進一步含至少一 種眼睛可接受之賦形劑,其可降低組合物自眼中因排淚 之移除率,如此組合物在眼中有約2至約24小時之有效滯 留時間。 17. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之組合物,其進一步含在原位 200303749可膠凝之物質,其型式選自溶液劑,懸液劑及溶液劑/ 懸液劑,其中在原位可膠凝之物質具有眼睛可相容之pH 值及滲透壓。 18. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之組合物,其進一步含緩衝劑 及/或可調整滲透壓之作用物,其劑量使溶液實質上等滲 且有眼睛可接受之pH值。 19. 一種治療個體眼睛感染之方法,此方法包括對個體投 予治療有效劑量之適於局部投予至眼之醫藥組合物, 其含: 一種抗生素,其濃度可有效治療及/或預防至少一種 眼睛組織革蘭氏陽性菌感染; 一種醫藥上可接受之環糊精化合物,其環糊精濃度足 以維持該藥物在溶液中;及 十六燒基0比淀鐵氯化物。 20. 根據申請專利範圍第1 9項之方法,其中的個體是哺乳 動物。 21. 根據申請^利範圍第1 9項之方法,其中的個體是人類。 22. 根據申請專利範圍第1 9項之方法,其中的抗生素是哼 峻燒酮抗生素。 23. 根據申請專利範圍第22項之方法,其中的吟唑烷酮抗 生素是下式化合物200303749其中: R1選自(a) Η $ (b) C!_8烷基視所需為F,Cl,OH,Cu 烷氧基及C!_8醯氧基至少一者所取代,或苄氧 基,包括C3·6環烷基,(c)胺基,(d)單及二(Cw烷基) 烷基)胺基及(e) Cw烷氧基; R2及R3獨立選自Η $ F及C1基團; R4 是 Η 或 CH3 ; R5 選自 Η,CH3,CN,C02R1 及(CH2)mR6基團,其中 R1 如上文所定義,R6選自 Η,OH,OR1,OCOR1,NHCOR1, 胺基,單-及二(Cl8烷基)胺基,且m是1或2; η 是0,1或2 ;且 X 是 〇,S,SO,S02,SNR7或 S(0)NR7,其中 R7選自 Η, Cw烷基(視所需為一個以上f,Cl,OH,Cw烷氧基, 胺基,Cw單-或二(Cw烷基)胺基所取代,及對位-甲苯磺醯基; 或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。 24.根據申請專利範圍第23項之方法,在該化式中,Ri是 CH3 ; R2及R3獨立選自Η及F,但R2及R3至少一者是F ; R4 及R5各自是Η; η是1;且X選自0,S及S02。 25·根據申請專利範圍第2 2項之方法,其中的崎峻燒酮抗生 素選自由:利莕嗤燒(Hnez〇Hd),鹽波峻燒(eperezolid), N-((5S)-3-(3-氟·4_(4-(2-氟乙基)_3_酮哌畊-1-基)苯基)·2·酮 基噚唑啶-5-基甲基)乙醯胺,(S)-N-[[3-[5-(3-吡啶基)硫苯 -2_基]_2_酮基-5 —呤唑啶基]甲基]乙醯胺,(S)-N-[[3-[5-(4- 200303749吡啶基)吡啶-2-基]-2-酮基-5-呤唑啶基]甲基1乙醯胺趟酸 j 孤 參 鹽,及N-[[(5S)-3-[4-(l,1-二氧離子基-4-硫代嗎福琳基)_3,5_ ; 二氟苯基]·2-酮基-5-噚唑啶基]甲基]乙醯胺組成之群中。 26·根據申請專利範圍第2 2項之方法,其中的π号吐燒酮抗生 素是利莕唑烷。 27·根據申請專利範圍第26項之方法,其中醫藥組合物投予 之劑量是約1至約100毫克利莕唑烷,每天至少一次。 28· —種適於局部投予至眼睛之醫藥組合物,其含: 省 (a) 利蓁唑烷,其濃度可有效地治療及/或預防至少一眼 組織之革蘭氏陽性菌感染; (b) —種醫藥上可接受之環糊精化合物,其中環糊精濃 度足以維持利莕唑烷於溶液中;及 (c) 十六烷基吡啶鑌氯化物。 29·根據申请專利範圍第2 8項之組合物,其中利蓁峻燒濃度 是約〇·1亳克/毫升至約1〇〇毫克/毫升。 30.根據申請專利範圍第2 8項之組合物,其中的環糊精選自 | 由》β壤糊精,点-環糊精,:Γ -環糊精及烷基環糊精,羥 抗基壤糊精,羧烷基環糊精及磺烷基醚環糊精組成之群 中 〇 31·根據申請專利範圍第28項之組合物,其中的環糊精化合 物選自由羥丙基-/5 -環糊精及磺丁醚-/3 -環糊精組成之 群中。 u 32♦根據申請專利範圍第28項之組合物,其中的環糊精化合 物濃度是約1毫克/毫升至約500亳克/毫升。 20030374933. 根據申請專利範圍第28項之組合物,其中十六烷基吡啶 , 鑌氯化物濃度是約0.001至約10毫克/毫升。 ; φ 34. 根據申請專利範圍第28項之組合物,其進一步含抗氧化 劑。 35. 根據申請專利範圍第34項之組合物,其中的抗氧化劑選 ’ 自由硫代硫酸鈉,半胱胺酸乙醯酯,半胱胺酸,硫甘油, ' 硫酸氫鈉,丙酮亞硫酸氫鈉,二硫赤絲藻醇,硫脲及異 抗壞血酸組成之群中。 籲 36. 根據申請專利範圍第34項之組合物,其中的抗氧化劑是 亞硫酸氫鈉。 37. 根據申請專利範圍第36項之組合物,其中亞硫酸氫鈉濃 度是約0.1至約5毫克/毫升。
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| AR031135A1 (es) * | 2000-10-10 | 2003-09-10 | Upjohn Co | Composiciones de antibiotico topico para el tratamiento de infecciones oculares |
-
2003
- 2003-02-20 US US10/370,226 patent/US20040019012A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-20 WO PCT/US2003/007275 patent/WO2003072141A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-02-20 CA CA002477049A patent/CA2477049A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-20 AU AU2003218059A patent/AU2003218059A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-20 MX MXPA04008173A patent/MXPA04008173A/es unknown
- 2003-02-20 TW TW092103510A patent/TW200303749A/zh unknown
- 2003-02-20 AR ARP030100558A patent/AR038576A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-02-20 BR BR0307898-1A patent/BR0307898A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-02-20 JP JP2003570885A patent/JP2005521691A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-02-20 EP EP03714041A patent/EP1478404A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR0307898A (pt) | 2004-12-07 |
| EP1478404A1 (en) | 2004-11-24 |
| US20040019012A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
| CA2477049A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
| JP2005521691A (ja) | 2005-07-21 |
| WO2003072141A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
| MXPA04008173A (es) | 2004-11-26 |
| AU2003218059A1 (en) | 2003-09-09 |
| AR038576A1 (es) | 2005-01-19 |
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