JP4078518B2 - Medical microscope - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a medical microscope. More specifically, the present invention relates to a medical microscope used in otolaryngology, ophthalmology, orthopedics, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventional medical microscopes for outpatient treatment, for example, otolaryngological microscopes as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 are known. FIG. 5 is a view taken along line VV in FIG. This microscope 51 has a microscope main body 52 attached to the tip of an articulated arm 53. In each joint 53a of the multi-joint arm 53, generally, the arm members 53b are connected to each other so as to be rotatable in one plane, and a lock knob 53c for locking the rotation of the joint 53a is provided.
[0003]
A ball joint (ball joint) 54 is connected to the upper end of the microscope main body 52. On the other hand, a bearing member 55 is disposed at the distal end of the arm member 53b at the distal end of the multi-joint arm, and the ball joint 54 is rotatably supported by the bearing member 55 within a horizontal plane. In other words, the microscope main body 52 is suspended from the tip of the arm member 53b by a ball joint 54 and a bearing member 55.
[0004]
The microscope main body 52 has a structure in which an operation unit 56 for operating the microscope main body 52 and a mirror body 57 containing an optical system are combined. A socket 54b for the ball joint 54 is built in the upper portion of the operation portion 56, and this socket 54b accommodates a ball 54a formed at the tip of a ball support member 54c supported by the bearing member 55. The socket 54b is provided with a spring clamp (not shown). When the spring clamp grips the ball 54a, the socket 54b and the ball 54a are fixed so that mutual displacement is not allowed. While the operation lever 59 of the operation handle 58 provided in the operation unit 56 is being pushed, the gripping force of the spring clamp is released, and the socket 54b and the ball 54a can freely swing with respect to each other. .
[0005]
As shown in FIG. 6, the examiner D operates the operation handle 58 with one hand and treats the patient's subject with the other hand while looking into the eyepiece lens of the mirror body 57 and sitting in the subject C1. For example, the inside of the ear of the patient C2 in a lying position is observed.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When using the microscope 51, for example, when diagnosing a subject in a recumbent posture, the mirror body 57 may have to be tilted as illustrated. However, when tilted, the ball support member 54c and the peripheral edge 54d of the socket 54b interfere with each other so that it cannot be tilted greatly. For example, it cannot be inclined 45 degrees from the horizontal. The reason is that the socket 54b is shaped so as to enclose the ball as much as possible in order to obtain a force for securely holding the ball 54a, and as a result, the opening of the socket 54b becomes small. This is because the ball support member 54c and the peripheral edge 54d of the socket 54b interfere with each other when the joint 54 is largely swung.
[0007]
Therefore, it is necessary to increase the joints of the arm to incline the ball support member 54c. However, only the displacement amount by the ball joint 54 cannot cope with both the sitting posture and the lying posture shown in FIG. And the trouble of manipulating each joint 53a of the multi-joint arm 53 becomes troublesome.
[0008]
Further, when tilting the mirror body 57 in this way, the microscope main body 52 is swung around the socket 54b as shown by a two-dot chain line in the figure, so that the center of gravity of the microscope main body 52 is larger than the vertical line passing through the socket 54b. Leave. As a result, when the operation lever 59 is pushed to release the grasping of the socket 54b, the microscope main body 52 tries to return to the original state by its own weight. As a result, a delicate positioning operation becomes difficult. For example, when the holding of the microscope main body 52 is released from a state where the microscope main body 52 is tilted and fixed, the mirror body 57 moves carelessly toward the subject. That is, it is not preferable because it returns to its original state due to its own weight.
[0009]
The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and facilitates large tilting of the mirror body, and greatly reduces the influence of the weight of the microscope body when the gripping of the socket is released. An object of the present invention is to provide a medical microscope that facilitates the above.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The medical microscope of the present invention is
The aircraft,
A microscope body having a mirror body and an operation unit integrally disposed above the mirror body ;
From this machine body toward the microscope body, a support shaft protruding in a direction transverse to the direction of the mirror body ,
A supported member which is disposed between the mirror body and the operation unit and is supported by the support shaft so as to be rotatable around the axis of the support shaft;
The supported member is configured to be able to grip and release the support shaft ,
The operation section, the gripping of the support shaft by the supported member, and Ru member der to operate the adjustment of the orientation of the mirror body.
[0011]
According to such a microscope, since the microscope main body is rotatably supported by the support shaft protruding in the lateral direction, there is no possibility that the microscope main body interferes with the machine body even if the microscope main body is rotated around the support shaft. In addition, since the supported member is disposed between the mirror body and the operation unit, even if the microscope main body is rotated around the supported member, there is no great variation in the gravity balance. That is, the moment due to gravity is reduced. Therefore, the influence of the weight of the microscope main body when the grip is released can be greatly reduced.
[0012]
Another medical microscope of the present invention is
The aircraft,
A microscope body having a mirror body and an operation unit integrally disposed above the mirror body ;
A support shaft in which a ball joint ball is fixedly provided at the tip of the support body, which protrudes in a direction transverse to the direction of the mirror body from the machine body toward the microscope body .
A ball joint socket, which is a supported member capable of gripping and releasing the ball, disposed between the mirror body and the operation unit ,
The operation section, the gripping of the support shaft by the supported member, and Ru member der to operate the adjustment of the orientation of the mirror body.
[0013]
According to such a microscope, in addition to the effects of the medical microscope of the present invention described above, it is possible to some extent oscillating in all directions.
[0014]
In the microscope in which the machine body is an arm having a plurality of joint portions, and the support shaft is attached to the tip of the arm, the microscope body can be roughly positioned with respect to the subject in advance. .
[0015]
Also, is arranged operating part above the the supported member, for microscope body downward is disposed, the examiner can freely use the space below the mirror body, operates the operating portion with one hand Then, it is possible to treat the test part with the other hand while looking through the eyepiece.
[0016]
Further, the operation unit includes an operation handle and a link mechanism , and the operation handle is provided with an operation lever for operating gripping and release by the supported member via the link mechanism. Accordingly, the tilting operation of the microscope body, that is, the tilting operation of the mirror body becomes easy.
[0017]
Further, in a microscope in which a balance weight for reducing the difference between the weight above and below the supported member is attached to the upper part of the operation unit, the balance of the moment of the microscope body is more effective. Therefore, the operation becomes easy.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0019]
1 and 2 show a medical microscope (hereinafter simply referred to as a microscope) 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
[0020]
The microscope 1 includes a multi-joint arm 3 as an airframe in which a plurality of arm members 2 are connected so that they can be displaced from each other, and is attached to the tip of the multi-joint arm 3 via a ball joint 4 and a fixing member 5. The microscope main body 6 is provided. The adjacent arm members 2 in the multi-joint arm 3 are connected to each other via a rotation shaft 7 and are rotatable around the rotation shaft 7. Each joint is provided with a lock knob 7a for locking the rotation. Some arm members are formed in a pantograph type. The articulated arm 3 is moved in a desired direction by a desired distance so that the position and direction of the microscope body 6 are roughly aligned with the portion to be examined. Thereafter, by operating the ball joint 4, the microscope main body 6 is accurately aligned with the portion to be examined. The base end portion of the articulated arm 3 is attached to a support column S or a wall surface as shown in the figure. This support column S is portable.
[0021]
The microscope body 6 includes a mirror body 8 that houses an observation optical system (not shown) and an operation unit 9 for operating the ball joint 4. The ball joint 4 includes a ball support shaft 11, a ball 41 formed at the tip of the ball support shaft 11, and a socket 42 that accommodates and holds the ball 41. The fixed member 5 is rotatably supported in a horizontal plane via a bearing member 10 at the distal end of the arm member 2 at the distal end of the articulated arm. The fixing member 5 is substantially L-shaped as shown in the figure, the horizontal ceiling portion is supported by the bearing member 10, and the ball support shaft 11 is projected in the horizontal direction (lateral direction) on the vertical portion. .
[0022]
As apparent from FIG. 3, the socket 42 of the ball joint is attached between the mirror body 8 in the microscope main body 6 and the operation unit 9, and the ball receiving space 42a of the socket 42 is at the lower end. An opening 42b and a side notch 42c are provided. The ball 41 is inserted in the ball receiving space 42 a in the horizontal direction through the notch 42 c, and the microscope body 6 can rotate about the axis of the support shaft 11. In this embodiment, a space is provided in the space between the ceiling portion of the fixing member 10 and the microscope body 6 so that the microscope body 6 can rotate 360 ° around the axis of the support shaft 11. Therefore, the direction of the mirror body 8 can be directed downward in order to observe the ear of the subject in the lying position. Further, the microscope body 6 can swing by a certain angle in all other directions.
[0023]
As described above, since the microscope body 6 can be rotated around the position between the mirror body 8 and the operation unit 9, the mass is dispersed above and below the rotation center of the microscope body 6. The center of gravity approaches the center of rotation. As a result, even if the microscope body 6 is rotated around the axis of the ball support shaft 11, the center of gravity is not greatly separated from the rotation center, and the action of the microscope body 6 trying to return to the original position by its own weight is suppressed. be able to. Moreover, in order to make this suppression effect more effective, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, it is preferable to attach a balance weight 9 a to the upper portion of the operation portion 9 as necessary. As is apparent from FIG. 3, the balance weight 9a is also used as a cap for a space in which a spring clamp 12 described later is housed. The balance weight 9a may be manufactured so that the weight above the ball 41 and the weight below the ball 41 are substantially the same.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 3, the spring clamp 12 is housed in the socket 42. The spring clamp 12 firmly holds the ball in the ball receiving space 42 a to prevent relative displacement between the ball 41 and the socket 42. The spring clamp 12 includes a coil spring 13 accommodated in the operation unit 9 and a pressing member 14 that presses the ball 41 by the spring force of the coil spring 13. When the coil spring 13 presses the pressing member 14, the ball 41 is sandwiched between the pressing member 14 and the protrusion 42 d at the periphery of the opening of the socket 42. The spring clamp 12 releases the gripping force of the ball 41 by operating an operation lever 16 described later.
[0025]
The operation unit 15 is provided with an operation handle 15. The operation handle 15 is used to stably fix the microscope body 6 when the user changes the direction or position of the microscope body 6 or looks into the eyepiece. To grip. The operation handle 15 is provided with an operation lever 16 for operating the spring clamp 12 of the ball joint 4. The operation lever 16 is pushed by gripping the operation handle 15, and the holding of the ball 41 by the spring clamp 12 is released while the operation lever 16 is being pushed, and when the pushing operation is stopped, the spring clamp 12 holds the ball 41 firmly. ing.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 3, when the operation lever 16 is displaced in the direction of arrow A, the coil spring 13 is bent via the link mechanism 17 to release the pressure of the ball 41 by the pressing member 14 and the holding of the ball 41 is released. Is done. The link mechanism 17 includes a link arm 18, a pin 19 that rotatably connects the link arms 18, and a pivot shaft 20 that pivotally supports the link arm 18 on the operation unit 9.
[0027]
In FIG. 3, by increasing the length of the ball support shaft 11, the interference between the microscope body 6 and the fixing member 5 is released and the microscope body 6 can be so-called yawed in the direction of arrow B in the figure. It becomes.
[0028]
Returning to FIG. 1, reference numeral 21 denotes an observation light source, and illumination light from the observation light source 21 is guided to an optical system in the mirror body 8 by a light guide member such as an optical fiber (not shown).
[0029]
In the embodiment described above, the ball joint 4 is used to connect the articulated arm 3 and the microscope body 6, but the present invention is not limited to the ball joint. You may make it rotate the microscope main body 6 in a vertical plane about the rotating shaft of a horizontal direction. For example, the ball 41 at the tip of the support shaft 11 in FIG. 3 may be removed, and the microscope body 6 may be rotated only around the support shaft 11. Alternatively, a disk may be formed at the tip of the support shaft 11 in place of the ball 41, and the microscope body 6 may be rotated only around the disk. Then, the support shaft or the disk may be gripped by a spring clamp.
[0030]
As the operation unit 9, an attachment manufactured for operating a camera or the like so as to be swingably fixed to the upper end of a camera mounting tripod can be used. The illustrated operation unit 9 uses this attachment upside down. As a result, the cost of the entire microscope can be greatly reduced by using commercially available products.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a large inclination of the mirror body is facilitated by a simple configuration and low cost. In addition, since the moment of the microscope body with respect to the center of oscillation is balanced, the operation is facilitated by greatly reducing the influence of the weight of the microscope body when the socket is released. Further, due to this moment balance, the user's force to grip the operation handle or the like can be reduced. Furthermore, since the ball grip force in the ball joint can be reduced, the durability of the ball joint is improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a medical microscope of the present invention.
2 is a view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing in detail a microscope main body in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing an example of a conventional medical microscope.
5 is a view taken along the line VV in FIG.
6 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a usage state of the microscope of FIG. 4;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Microscope 2 Arm member 3 Articulated arm 4 Ball joint 5 Fixing member 6 Microscope main body 7 Rotating shaft 7a Lock knob 8 Mirror body 9 Operation part 9a Balance weight 10 Bearing member 11 Ball support shaft 12 Spring clamp 13 Coil spring 14 Press member 15 Operation Handle 16 Operation lever 17 Link mechanism 18 Link arm 19 Pin 20 Pivot shaft 21 Observation light source 41 Ball 42 Socket 42a Ball housing space 42b Opening 42c Notch 42d Projection S Post

Claims (5)

The aircraft,
A microscope body having a mirror body and an operation unit integrally disposed above the mirror body;
A support shaft projecting in a direction transverse to the direction of the mirror body from the machine body toward the microscope body ,
A supported member which is disposed between the mirror body and the operation unit and is supported by the support shaft so as to be rotatable around the axis of the support shaft;
The supported member is configured to be able to grip and release the support shaft ,
The operation section, the gripping of the support shaft by the supported member, and Ru member der to operate the adjustment of the orientation of the mirror body medical microscopes. The aircraft,
A microscope body having a mirror body and an operation unit integrally disposed above the mirror body;
A support shaft in which a ball joint ball is fixedly provided at the tip of the machine body, projecting in a direction transverse to the direction of the mirror body from the machine body toward the microscope body ,
A ball joint socket, which is a supported member capable of gripping and releasing the ball, disposed between the mirror body and the operation unit ,
The operation section, the gripping of the support shaft by the supported member, and Ru member der to operate the adjustment of the orientation of the mirror body medical microscopes.   The medical microscope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the airframe is an arm having a plurality of joints, and the support shaft is attached to a tip of the arm. The operation unit includes an operation handle and a link mechanism , and an operation lever is provided on the operation handle for operating gripping and release of the supported member via the link mechanism. The medical microscope described.   The medical microscope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a balance weight for reducing a difference between a weight above and below a supported member is attached to an upper portion of the operation portion.

Images