JP2010035360A - Electric motor - Google Patents

Abstract

【Task】
Provided is an electric motor which is excellent in mass productivity and ensures reliable insulation between a stator and a coil and between phases of a coil.
[Solution]
An electric motor including a concentrated winding stator and a rotor includes an insulator having a plurality of insulating legs that insulate between the coil and the core and between the coil phases. This insulator is an annular ring portion that connects a plurality of insulating legs, a terminal fixing portion that is provided on the outer peripheral side of the annular portion and is provided with a crimp terminal that connects the coil and the lead wire, And a neutral point fixing part for fixing the neutral point of the coil, and has the following features (1) to (3).
(1) A guide portion is provided on the opposite side of the stator for guiding and fixing the crossover wire and the lead wire.
(2) The terminal fixing portion is provided at the same position as the insulating leg portion in the circumferential direction of the annular portion.
(3) A downward extending portion is provided below the annular portion of the terminal fixing portion.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a multipolar, multiphase electric motor.

  In multi-pole and multi-phase motors used as power for various applications, a concentrated winding method is known as a coil winding method. The concentrated winding method is a method in which the stator winding is wound directly around the teeth via an insulator, and has advantages such as rationalization of production facilities, reduction of the amount of electric wires, and reduction of leakage current.

  Such a concentrated winding type motor is easy to automate the winding process, but it takes time and effort to handle the end line parts such as lead wires and lead wire connection processing. Various proposals have been made (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  On the other hand, it is necessary to insulate the phases of the coils wound around the teeth. However, as the number of windings increases, it becomes difficult to ensure insulation. The configurations of Patent Documents 3 and 4 are known as conventional techniques for dealing with such insulation between phases.

JP 2003-158845 A JP 2003-158846 A JP 2004-72857 A JP 2007-181313 JP

  As shown in the above-mentioned Patent Documents 1 and 2, various devices have been tried for processing end line portions such as coil lead wires wound around the stator. These wires need not be fixed after the coil winding is performed, but must be performed at a position that does not interfere with the rotational motion of the rotor and does not affect the rotating magnetic field. Therefore, in patent documents 1 and 2, terminal processing is performed at a position above the stator using a terminal board or a wiring processing board.

  Moreover, patent documents 3-4 aim at the insulation between the coils of each phase using resin insulation or an insulating member.

  However, all of these prior arts are based on the assumption that the coil winding has been completed. For example, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, terminal processing is performed from the state via a plate member, and the configuration in consideration of the preceding and following processes has not been considered. That is, only a method for improving the “complicated post-process” is disclosed, and the mass productivity is not improved from the entire process of the electric motor. Further, in Patent Documents 3 to 4, although a configuration in which an insulator is sandwiched between coils of each phase is disclosed, as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the preceding and following processes are not conscious.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electric motor that is excellent in mass productivity and that achieves reliable insulation between a stator and a coil and between coil phases.

In order to achieve the above object, in an electric motor comprising a concentrated winding stator in which a coil is wound around a tooth provided in a core, and a rotor rotating by a rotating magnetic field generated by a current flowing in the coil, the present invention provides:
Comprising an insulator having a plurality of insulating legs that insulate between the coil and the core and between the coil phases;
The insulator includes an annular ring portion that connects a plurality of insulating legs, and a terminal fixing portion that is provided on an outer peripheral side of the annular portion and that is provided with a press contact terminal that connects the coil and the lead wire. And a neutral point fixing part for fixing a neutral point of the coil,
A guide portion for guiding and fixing the connecting wire of the coil and the lead wire is provided on the surface of the annular portion opposite to the stator,
The terminal fixing portion is provided at the same position as the insulating leg in the circumferential direction of the annular portion,
A downward extending portion extending toward the core is provided below the annular portion of the terminal fixing portion.

Further, in the electric motor having the above characteristics, more preferable specific characteristics are as follows.
(1) The neutral point fixing portion is provided at a position different from the terminal fixing portion in the circumferential direction of the annular portion and at the same position as one of the insulating leg portions.
(2) The tip of the downward extending portion is in contact with the core.
(3) The terminal fixing portion has an insertion hole that opens in a direction opposite to the stator and into which the press contact terminal is inserted, and the crimp terminal and the neutral point are in a direction opposite to the stator. Be exposed.
(4) The coil has a coil end portion protruding above and below the core, and a space is formed between the coil end portion and the surface of the core, and the space is between the insulating leg portions. To be located.
(5) The space is opened inward and outward in the centrifugal direction, and the insulating leg portion and the downward extending portion are provided at positions that do not interfere with the space.
(6) The said insulation leg part is extended | stretched to the center part of the height direction of the said coil wound up and down in the said core.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is excellent in mass productivity and can provide the electric motor which aimed at the reliable insulation between stator-coils and between the phases of a coil.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the electric motor according to the present embodiment. The electric motor 1 of the present embodiment includes a stator 10 in which a coil 13 is wound around a core 11 formed of laminated steel plates, and a rotor 20 that is rotated by a rotating magnetic field generated by a current flowing through the coil 13. As will be described later, the rotor 20 has a permanent magnet embedded in the laminated steel plate, and the electric motor 1 of this embodiment is a so-called permanent magnet motor (IPM motor).

  As shown in FIG. 1, the stator 10 is a concentrated winding method in which a coil 13 is wound around a tooth 12 provided on a core 11, and in a state of being wound around the core 11, the coil 13 is Coil end portions 13a projecting from both the upper and lower sides are formed.

  Further, the end of the coil 13 needs to be electrically connected to the lead wire and fixed to the neutral point. In the present embodiment, an insulator 14 that forms a coil end processing portion is provided above the core 11 when processing these coil 13 end portions.

  FIG. 2 is a view showing a coil end portion of the electric motor 1 according to the present embodiment, where FIG. 2A is a coil terminal of each phase, FIG. 2B is a coil terminal of a neutral point, and FIG. Indicates the lead lines.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the coil terminal 15 of each phase of the u phase, the v phase, and the w phase passes from the coil 13 side of the stator 10 to the upper portion of the insulator 14 through the coil leg lead-out portion of the insulator 14. Pulled out. In the u phase, the u ₁ side and the u ₂ side are fixed as one set. The v phase and the w phase are also fixed in the same manner. The coil terminals of these phases are energized by being electrically connected to the lead wire 17. The structure of the insulator 14 for this connection will be described later.

  Further, as can be seen from FIG. 2A, there are three terminal fixing portions for fixing each phase, one side of each phase coil is provided in the vicinity of these terminal fixing portions, and the other side is It is assumed that the insulator 14 is routed clockwise.

  Next, the coil terminal on the neutral point side will be described with reference to FIG. The coil terminal 15 on the neutral point side has six ends pulled out from positions different from the coil leg lead-out portion of FIG. 2A, and these are gathered and fixed to the insulator 14 by the crimp terminal 16. Fixed to the part.

  The lead wire 17 is drawn out clockwise from the terminal fixing portion as shown in FIG. The rotating direction is the same as the rotating direction of the coil terminal 15 of each phase, and is prevented from interfering with the coil terminal 15 of each phase as much as possible.

  In addition, in order to guide each of the end lines (crossover lines) in a desired direction and suppress contact between the end lines, the insulator 14 has a guide shape. In particular, although the lead wire 17 is provided with a strong insulating film, the other coil terminals 15 are generally easily peeled films such as enamel films. In order to suppress, the guide shape has a height difference.

  In addition, the neutral point and the lead wire 17 are fixed at the portion * shown in FIGS. That is, a neutral point coil terminal 15 and a lead wire 17 from a neutral point guide part 14g to a neutral point fixing part 14d, which will be described later, are the places where these wires pass and the coil terminals 15 of each phase. It is fixed in a place where does not pass. In the present embodiment, the insulator 14 is provided with a groove so that racing at the place is possible, and both wires can be fixed by a string at this position.

  3A and 3B are views showing the appearance of the stator 10 with the end line portion omitted, in which FIG. 3A is a perspective view, FIG. 3B is a side view, and FIG. 3C is a top view. Each is shown. FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of the insulator 14 of the present embodiment. The structure of the insulator 14 and the structure for attaching the insulator 14 to the core 11 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

  As described above, the core 11 is provided with the teeth 12, and the coil 13 is wound around the teeth 12. A rotating magnetic field is generated by the current flowing through the coil 13, and the rotor 20 rotates. The insulator 14 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of insulating legs 14a that insulate the coil-core and the coil phases.

  The insulating leg portion 14a extends from the annular ring portion 14b, and any insulating leg portion 14a extends in one direction. In other words, the annular portion 14b connects the plurality of insulating legs 14a, and enables insulation between the coil and the core and between the coil phases as one member. As shown in FIG. 4, the insulation between the coil phases is mainly performed by the base portion 14 a ′, and the insulation between the coil and the core is mainly performed by the collar portion 14 a ″.

The insulating leg portion 14 a extends to the center portion in the height direction of the coil 13 wound up and down in the core 11. That is, when the length of the core 11 in the vertical direction is L ₁ and the extension length of the insulating leg portion 14 a in the core 11 is L ₂ , the insulating leg portion 14 a has a length L ₂ that satisfies L ₁ ≦ 2L _2. have. This corresponds to a length necessary for preventing contact between the phases of the coil 13 in the instantaneous movement of the coil 13 when a large current is instantaneously passed through the coil 13 in the permanent magnet motor.

  As described above, the insulating leg portion 14a includes the base portion 14a ′ provided radially in the centrifugal direction and the flange portion 14a ″ extending in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral side of the base portion 14a ′. With this configuration, the strength of the insulating leg portion 14a is ensured, and the breakage when the coil 13 is inserted up to the central portion in the height direction is suppressed, so that it can be easily inserted.

  On the outer peripheral side of the annular portion 14b, a terminal fixing portion 14c provided with a pressure contact terminal for connecting the coil 13 and the lead wire 17 from the coil, and a neutral point fixing portion 14d for fixing the neutral point of the coil 13. And are provided.

  Further, on the surface of the annular portion 14b opposite to the stator 10, that is, on the surface opposite to the surface on which the plurality of insulating legs 14a extend, the wiring of the coil terminal 15 and the lead wires 17 are guided and A guide portion 14e for fixing is provided. The guide portion 14e is provided to guide the wiring on the annular portion 14b in the circumferential direction, and fixes the wiring as long as necessary for guidance. Therefore, the shape and height differ depending on the role of guidance, and a plurality of rings are provided on the annular portion 14b so as to avoid contact of each wiring as much as possible.

  Since the insulator 14 has the above-described configurations, not only electrical insulation but also the guidance and fixation of each line extending from the coil 13 are possible.

  In addition, the terminal fixing portion 14c is provided at the same position as the insulating leg portion 14a in the circumferential direction of the annular portion 14b. Further, a downward extending portion 14f extending toward the core 11 is provided below the terminal fixing portion 14c. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the terminal fixing portion 14 c has an insertion hole 14 c ′ that opens in the direction opposite to the core 11 and into which the press contact terminal is inserted. Therefore, when the press contact terminal is inserted into the insertion hole 14c 'from the opening side, the downward extending portion 14f is fixed in contact with the core 11, so that the insertion operation can be easily performed.

  In addition, since a plurality of downward extending portions 14f are provided in the circumferential direction, it contributes to positioning when the insulator 14 is attached to the core 11. That is, when the insulating legs 14 a are inserted into the gaps between the phases of the coils 13 and the insulator 14 is attached to the core 11, the tips of the plurality of downwardly extending portions 14 f are brought into contact with the surface of the core 11. The annular portion 14b can be horizontally attached above the portion 13a.

  Note that the insulator 14 of the present embodiment includes six insulating leg portions 14a according to the insulating position of the coil 13, but the number of terminal fixing portions 14c is three. This is determined by the number of terminals to be fixed, but is not limited to three as long as it is in the same position in the circumferential direction as the insulating leg 14a.

  The neutral point fixing portion 14d is provided at a position different from the terminal fixing portion 14c in the circumferential direction of the annular portion 14b and at the same position as one of the insulating leg portions 14a. That is, the six insulating legs 14a are provided at different locations from the three insulating legs 14a where the terminal fixing portions 14c are located. Naturally, the downward extending portion 14d is also provided at this position, and when the neutral point is installed, the downward extending portion 14d is fixed by abutting against the core 11 and can be easily attached.

  Similarly to the terminal fixing portion 14c, the neutral point fixing portion 14d includes an opening for inserting the neutral point from above, and the neutral point is fixed by inserting into the opening. Therefore, the crimp terminal 16 and the neutral point are exposed in the direction opposite to the core 11 in the insulator 14.

  In fixing the neutral point, the neutral point is guided to the neutral point fixing part 14d by the neutral point guide part 14g provided at the same position as the insulating leg part 14a in the circumferential direction of the annular part 14b. . The neutral point guide portion 14g is provided at the position of the insulating leg portion 14a adjacent to the neutral point fixing portion 14d, thereby facilitating fixing. A downward extending portion 14d is also provided at the position of the neutral point guide portion 14g, and the same effect as described above can be obtained.

  In the present embodiment, the coil terminal is guided in the direction of the neutral point fixing part 14d by the neutral point guiding part 14g, and further the second neutral point guiding part 14g ′ (neutral point guiding part 14g and neutral point fixing). The neutral point is guided to the fixing portion 14d by being located between the portions 14d.

  The coil 13 has the coil end part 13a which protrudes up and down of the core 11 as mentioned above. The coil end portion 13a indicates a portion of the coil 13 wound around the core 11 that protrudes up and down from the core 11, and as shown in FIG. 3B, the coil end portion 13a is wound around the coil. A space is formed between the core 11 and the surface of the core 11.

  This space is generated by interposing a jig as a separate member in order to improve the space factor in the manufacturing process in which the coil 13 is wound around the core 11. Specifically, (1) a jig is interposed above and below the tooth 12, (2) the coil 13 is wound around the tooth 12 and the jig, and (3) after the coil 13 is wound, (4) Since the coil 13 is wound through the steps (1) to (4) of removing the jig, a space is created in the part from which the jig is removed.

  Since the insulating legs 14a of the present embodiment insulate the coil phases, this space is located between the plurality of insulating legs 14a. In addition, as described above, the terminal fixing portion 14c, the neutral point fixing portion 14d, and the downward extending portion 14f that performs positioning when fixing the terminal or the like to these fixing portions are all the circumference of the insulator 14. In the direction, it is provided at the same position as the insulating leg portion 14a. Therefore, this space is opened inward and outward in the centrifugal direction.

  As a result, the insulating legs 14a and the downward extending portions 14f are provided at positions that do not interfere with the space in the centrifugal direction, so that the insulator 14 does not become an obstacle when the jig is removed in the manufacturing process.

  As described above, the insulator 14 of the present embodiment has a shape excellent in mass productivity as well as reliable insulation between the stator and the coils and between the phases of the coils.

  FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the rotor 20 of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotor 20 of the present embodiment is disposed so as to face the inner peripheral surface of the stator 10. A core 22 made of a laminated steel plate and a permanent magnet 21 embedded in the core 22 are provided.

  Therefore, when current is passed through the wiring end fixed by the insulator 14, a current is generated in the coil 13, and the rotor 20 is rotated by the rotating magnetic field generated thereby.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the electric motor 1 of the present embodiment is mounted, and illustrates an example in which the electric motor 1 is mounted on a hermetic electric compressor used in a refrigeration air conditioner. Although the compression mechanism portion is omitted in FIG. 6, a reciprocating type, rotary type or scroll type compression mechanism is connected to the shaft 24, and the refrigerant is compressed in the sealed container 30.

  In an electric motor used for a hermetic electric compressor of a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus, it is assumed that the stator 10 is fixed in the hermetic container 30 and is operated for a long time in the hermetic container. In addition, the balance weight 23 is often attached to cancel the unbalanced load because of being connected to the refrigerant compression mechanism (see FIG. 5). Furthermore, driving at a wide range of rotation speeds is required depending on the load.

  Since long-term operation is required in such a harsh environment, it is essential to securely fix each wire from the coil, but by using the electric motor of this embodiment, the coil and core can be electrically insulated. An electric compressor that is reliably achieved and highly reliable can be realized.

  Of course, the electric motor of the present embodiment is not limited to the case where it is used in the hermetic container 30, and may be used in a case where the inside and outside communicate with each other. Further, in the present embodiment, the balance weight 23 is not an essential configuration and can be used for a general-purpose electric motor.

The disassembled perspective view of the electric motor which concerns on this embodiment. The figure which shows the coil edge part of the electric motor 1 which concerns on this embodiment. The perspective view, side view, and top view of the external appearance of the stator shown with the end line portion omitted. The external appearance perspective view of an insulator. The exploded perspective view of a rotor. The figure which shows an example in which the electric motor of this embodiment is mounted.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Electric motor, 10 ... Stator, 11 ... Stator core, 12 ... Teeth, 13 ... Coil, 13a ... Coil end part, 14 ... Insulator, 14a ... Insulating leg part, 14a '... Base part, 14a' '... Collar part , 14b ... annular portion, 14c ... terminal fixing portion, 14c '... insertion hole, 14d ... neutral point fixing portion, 14e ... guide portion, 14f ... downward extension portion, 14g ... neutral point guide portion, 14g' ... inside Sex point guide, 15 ... Coil terminal, 16 ... Crimp terminal, 17 ... Lead wire, 20 ... Rotor, 21 ... Permanent magnet, 22 ... Rotor core, 23 ... Balance weight, 24 ... Shaft, 30 ... Sealed container.

Claims (7)

In an electric motor comprising a concentrated winding stator in which a coil is wound around a tooth provided in a core, and a rotor rotating by a rotating magnetic field generated by a current flowing in the coil,
Comprising an insulator having a plurality of insulating legs that insulate between the coil and the core and between the coil phases;
The insulator includes an annular ring portion that connects a plurality of insulating legs, and a terminal fixing portion that is provided on an outer peripheral side of the annular portion and that is provided with a press contact terminal that connects the coil and the lead wire. And a neutral point fixing part for fixing a neutral point of the coil,
A guide portion for guiding and fixing the connecting wire of the coil and the lead wire is provided on the surface of the annular portion opposite to the stator,
The terminal fixing portion is provided at the same position as the insulating leg in the circumferential direction of the annular portion,
An electric motor characterized in that a downward extending portion extending toward the core is provided below the annular portion of the terminal fixing portion.   The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the neutral point fixing portion is provided at a position different from the terminal fixing portion in the circumferential direction of the annular portion and at the same position as one of the insulating leg portions. .   The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein a tip of the downward extending portion is in contact with the core.   The terminal fixing portion has an insertion hole that opens in a direction opposite to the stator and into which the pressure contact terminal is inserted, and the pressure contact terminal and the neutral point are exposed in a direction opposite to the stator. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor is provided.   The coil has a coil end portion protruding above and below the core, and a space is formed between the coil end portion and the surface of the core, and the space is located between the insulating legs. The electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   6. The electric motor according to claim 5, wherein the space is opened inward and outward in a centrifugal direction, and the insulating leg portion and the downward extending portion are provided at positions that do not interfere with the space.   The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the insulating leg portion extends to a central portion in a height direction of the coil wound up and down in the core.

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