[go: up one dir, main page]

DE60311794D1 - Signalsynthese - Google Patents

Signalsynthese

Info

Publication number
DE60311794D1
DE60311794D1 DE60311794T DE60311794T DE60311794D1 DE 60311794 D1 DE60311794 D1 DE 60311794D1 DE 60311794 T DE60311794 T DE 60311794T DE 60311794 T DE60311794 T DE 60311794T DE 60311794 D1 DE60311794 D1 DE 60311794D1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
signal
parameter
input signal
correlation
indicative
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE60311794T
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
DE60311794T2 (de
DE60311794C5 (de
Inventor
J Breebaart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=29252213&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=DE60311794(D1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE60311794D1 publication Critical patent/DE60311794D1/de
Publication of DE60311794T2 publication Critical patent/DE60311794T2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10LSPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/008Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10LSPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/02Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10LSPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/04Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using predictive techniques
    • G10L19/16Vocoder architecture
    • G10L19/18Vocoders using multiple modes
    • G10L19/24Variable rate codecs, e.g. for generating different qualities using a scalable representation such as hierarchical encoding or layered encoding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04SSTEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2420/00Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2420/03Application of parametric coding in stereophonic audio systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04SSTEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • H04S3/008Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic in which the audio signals are in digital form, i.e. employing more than two discrete digital channels

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
  • Networks Using Active Elements (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Stereo-Broadcasting Methods (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
DE60311794T 2002-04-22 2003-04-22 Signalsynthese Expired - Lifetime DE60311794T2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02076588 2002-04-22
EP02076588 2002-04-22
EP02077863 2002-07-12
EP02077863 2002-07-12
PCT/IB2003/001586 WO2003090206A1 (en) 2002-04-22 2003-04-22 Signal synthesizing

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE60311794D1 true DE60311794D1 (en) 2007-03-29
DE60311794T2 DE60311794T2 (de) 2007-10-31

Family

ID=29252213

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE60311794.5A Expired - Lifetime DE60311794C5 (de) 2002-04-22 2003-04-22 Signalsynthese
DE60311794T Expired - Lifetime DE60311794T2 (de) 2002-04-22 2003-04-22 Signalsynthese

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE60311794.5A Expired - Lifetime DE60311794C5 (de) 2002-04-22 2003-04-22 Signalsynthese

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (2) US7933415B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1500082B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4401173B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101021076B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1312660C (de)
AT (1) ATE354161T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2003216682A1 (de)
BR (2) BRPI0304541B1 (de)
DE (2) DE60311794C5 (de)
ES (1) ES2280736T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2003090206A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (69)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003090206A1 (en) 2002-04-22 2003-10-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Signal synthesizing
SE527713C2 (sv) 2003-12-19 2006-05-23 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Kodning av polyfoniska signaler med villkorsbegränsade filter
US7725324B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2010-05-25 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Constrained filter encoding of polyphonic signals
US7809579B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2010-10-05 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Fidelity-optimized variable frame length encoding
CA3026267C (en) 2004-03-01 2019-04-16 Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation Reconstructing audio signals with multiple decorrelation techniques and differentially coded parameters
US20090299756A1 (en) * 2004-03-01 2009-12-03 Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation Ratio of speech to non-speech audio such as for elderly or hearing-impaired listeners
JP5032978B2 (ja) * 2004-04-05 2012-09-26 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ ステレオコーディング及びデコーディングの方法及び装置
SE0400998D0 (sv) * 2004-04-16 2004-04-16 Cooding Technologies Sweden Ab Method for representing multi-channel audio signals
US7756713B2 (en) * 2004-07-02 2010-07-13 Panasonic Corporation Audio signal decoding device which decodes a downmix channel signal and audio signal encoding device which encodes audio channel signals together with spatial audio information
KR100745688B1 (ko) 2004-07-09 2007-08-03 한국전자통신연구원 다채널 오디오 신호 부호화/복호화 방법 및 장치
MX2007000391A (es) * 2004-07-14 2007-06-25 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Conversion de canal de audio.
WO2006011108A1 (en) 2004-07-23 2006-02-02 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. System for temperature prioritised colour controlling of a solid-state lighting unit
TWI497485B (zh) 2004-08-25 2015-08-21 Dolby Lab Licensing Corp 用以重塑經合成輸出音訊信號之時域包絡以更接近輸入音訊信號之時域包絡的方法
TWI393121B (zh) * 2004-08-25 2013-04-11 杜比實驗室特許公司 處理一組n個聲音信號之方法與裝置及與其相關聯之電腦程式
DE602005016571D1 (de) * 2004-08-26 2009-10-22 Panasonic Corp Mehrkanalige signal-dekodierung
WO2006022190A1 (ja) * 2004-08-27 2006-03-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. オーディオエンコーダ
WO2006022124A1 (ja) 2004-08-27 2006-03-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. オーディオデコーダ、方法及びプログラム
BRPI0515128A (pt) * 2004-08-31 2008-07-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd aparelho de geração de sinal estéreo e método de geração de sinal estéreo
CN101015230B (zh) 2004-09-06 2012-09-05 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 音频信号增强
SE0402650D0 (sv) 2004-11-02 2004-11-02 Coding Tech Ab Improved parametric stereo compatible coding of spatial audio
WO2006059567A1 (ja) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. ステレオ符号化装置、ステレオ復号装置、およびこれらの方法
EP1691348A1 (de) 2005-02-14 2006-08-16 Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne Parametrische kombinierte Kodierung von Audio-Quellen
US7573912B2 (en) * 2005-02-22 2009-08-11 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschunng E.V. Near-transparent or transparent multi-channel encoder/decoder scheme
US9626973B2 (en) 2005-02-23 2017-04-18 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Adaptive bit allocation for multi-channel audio encoding
CN101124740B (zh) 2005-02-23 2012-05-30 艾利森电话股份有限公司 多声道音频信号编码和解码的方法和装置和音频传送系统
EP1899958B1 (de) 2005-05-26 2013-08-07 LG Electronics Inc. Verfahren und vorrichtung zum dekodieren eines audiosignals
JP4988716B2 (ja) 2005-05-26 2012-08-01 エルジー エレクトロニクス インコーポレイティド オーディオ信号のデコーディング方法及び装置
CN101223820B (zh) * 2005-07-15 2011-05-04 松下电器产业株式会社 信号处理装置
RU2414741C2 (ru) * 2005-07-29 2011-03-20 ЭлДжи ЭЛЕКТРОНИКС ИНК. Способ создания многоканального сигнала
US7702407B2 (en) 2005-07-29 2010-04-20 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for generating encoded audio signal and method for processing audio signal
TWI396188B (zh) 2005-08-02 2013-05-11 Dolby Lab Licensing Corp 依聆聽事件之函數控制空間音訊編碼參數的技術
KR100878828B1 (ko) * 2005-10-05 2009-01-14 엘지전자 주식회사 신호 처리 방법 및 이의 장치, 그리고 인코딩 및 디코딩방법 및 이의 장치
WO2007040359A1 (en) 2005-10-05 2007-04-12 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and apparatus for signal processing and encoding and decoding method, and apparatus therefor
US7742913B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2010-06-22 Lg Electronics Inc. Removing time delays in signal paths
TWI315864B (en) * 2006-01-19 2009-10-11 Lg Electronics Inc Method and apparatus for processing a media signal
JPWO2007088853A1 (ja) * 2006-01-31 2009-06-25 パナソニック株式会社 音声符号化装置、音声復号装置、音声符号化システム、音声符号化方法及び音声復号方法
TWI331322B (en) 2006-02-07 2010-10-01 Lg Electronics Inc Apparatus and method for encoding / decoding signal
ATE527833T1 (de) 2006-05-04 2011-10-15 Lg Electronics Inc Verbesserung von stereo-audiosignalen mittels neuabmischung
EP1855457B1 (de) * 2006-05-10 2009-07-08 Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Kompensation von Mehrkanalechos durch Dekorrelation
EP2084901B1 (de) 2006-10-12 2015-12-09 LG Electronics Inc. Vorrichtung zum verarbeiten eines mischsignals und verfahren dafür
EP2560164A3 (de) * 2007-06-27 2013-04-17 Nec Corporation Signalsteuerungsvorrichtung sowie System, Verfahren und Programm dafür
GB2453117B (en) * 2007-09-25 2012-05-23 Motorola Mobility Inc Apparatus and method for encoding a multi channel audio signal
KR101464977B1 (ko) * 2007-10-01 2014-11-25 삼성전자주식회사 메모리 관리 방법, 및 멀티 채널 데이터의 복호화 방법 및장치
KR101444102B1 (ko) 2008-02-20 2014-09-26 삼성전자주식회사 스테레오 오디오의 부호화, 복호화 방법 및 장치
RU2497204C2 (ru) 2008-05-23 2013-10-27 Конинклейке Филипс Электроникс Н.В. Устройство параметрического стереофонического повышающего микширования, параметрический стереофонический декодер, устройство параметрического стереофонического понижающего микширования, параметрический стереофонический кодер
ATE557386T1 (de) * 2008-06-26 2012-05-15 France Telecom Raumsynthese mehrkanaliger tonsignale
US8233629B2 (en) * 2008-09-04 2012-07-31 Dts, Inc. Interaural time delay restoration system and method
US8346380B2 (en) * 2008-09-25 2013-01-01 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and an apparatus for processing a signal
US8258849B2 (en) * 2008-09-25 2012-09-04 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and an apparatus for processing a signal
EP2169666B1 (de) * 2008-09-25 2015-07-15 Lg Electronics Inc. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verarbeitung eines Signals
WO2010044158A1 (ja) * 2008-10-16 2010-04-22 パイオニア株式会社 測定用信号生成装置、測定用信号生成方法、及び測定用信号生成プログラム、並びに記録媒体
JP5309944B2 (ja) 2008-12-11 2013-10-09 富士通株式会社 オーディオ復号装置、方法、及びプログラム
KR20110022252A (ko) * 2009-08-27 2011-03-07 삼성전자주식회사 스테레오 오디오의 부호화, 복호화 방법 및 장치
US20120265542A1 (en) * 2009-10-16 2012-10-18 France Telecom Optimized parametric stereo decoding
EP2369861B1 (de) * 2010-03-25 2016-07-27 Nxp B.V. Verarbeitung eines Mehrkanal-Audiosignals
CH703771A2 (de) * 2010-09-10 2012-03-15 Stormingswiss Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur zeitlichen Auswertung und Optimierung von stereophonen oder pseudostereophonen Signalen.
FR2966634A1 (fr) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-27 France Telecom Codage/decodage parametrique stereo ameliore pour les canaux en opposition de phase
EP2859549A4 (de) * 2012-06-08 2016-04-20 Intel Corp Echounterdrückungsalgorithmus für langes verzögertes echo
BR112015025080B1 (pt) 2013-04-05 2021-12-21 Dolby International Ab Método de decodificação e decodificador para decodificar dois sinais de áudio, método de codificação e codificador para codificar dois sinais de áudio, e meio legível não transitório
EP2989631A4 (de) * 2013-04-26 2016-12-21 Nokia Technologies Oy Audiosignalcodierer
PL3429233T3 (pl) 2013-07-30 2020-11-16 Dts, Inc. Dekoder matrycowy z panoramowaniem parami o stałej mocy
WO2015073597A1 (en) 2013-11-13 2015-05-21 Om Audio, Llc Signature tuning filters
WO2015081293A1 (en) 2013-11-27 2015-06-04 Dts, Inc. Multiplet-based matrix mixing for high-channel count multichannel audio
US9911423B2 (en) 2014-01-13 2018-03-06 Nokia Technologies Oy Multi-channel audio signal classifier
CN106067819B (zh) * 2016-06-23 2021-11-26 广州市迪声音响有限公司 一种基于分量式矩阵算法的信号处理系统
US10224042B2 (en) * 2016-10-31 2019-03-05 Qualcomm Incorporated Encoding of multiple audio signals
AU2017357454B2 (en) 2016-11-08 2021-02-04 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Apparatus and method for downmixing or upmixing a multichannel signal using phase compensation
CN117690442A (zh) 2017-07-28 2024-03-12 弗劳恩霍夫应用研究促进协会 用于使用宽频带滤波器生成的填充信号对已编码的多声道信号进行编码或解码的装置
FR3147898A1 (fr) * 2023-04-13 2024-10-18 Orange Traitement optimisé de réduction de canaux d’un signal audio stéréophonique

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5172415A (en) * 1990-06-08 1992-12-15 Fosgate James W Surround processor
JPH06178164A (ja) * 1992-12-11 1994-06-24 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 適応等化処理における安定性および収束速度の適応制御方法
WO1996000470A1 (en) * 1994-06-23 1996-01-04 Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc. Method and device for receiving code-division multiplex signal
US6895093B1 (en) * 1998-03-03 2005-05-17 Texas Instruments Incorporated Acoustic echo-cancellation system
US6658050B1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2003-12-02 Ericsson Inc. Channel estimates in a CDMA system using power control bits
JP2001109497A (ja) 1999-10-04 2001-04-20 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd オーディオ信号符号化装置およびオーディオ信号符号化方法
JP2001188599A (ja) 1999-10-19 2001-07-10 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd オーディオ信号復号装置
JP2001142493A (ja) 1999-11-16 2001-05-25 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd オーディオ信号高能率符号化装置
US6973184B1 (en) * 2000-07-11 2005-12-06 Cisco Technology, Inc. System and method for stereo conferencing over low-bandwidth links
WO2002007481A2 (en) * 2000-07-19 2002-01-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Multi-channel stereo converter for deriving a stereo surround and/or audio centre signal
DE10041512B4 (de) * 2000-08-24 2005-05-04 Infineon Technologies Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur künstlichen Erweiterung der Bandbreite von Sprachsignalen
EP1275271A2 (de) * 2000-12-22 2003-01-15 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Mehrkanaltonkonverter
SE0202159D0 (sv) 2001-07-10 2002-07-09 Coding Technologies Sweden Ab Efficientand scalable parametric stereo coding for low bitrate applications
BRPI0304540B1 (pt) * 2002-04-22 2017-12-12 Koninklijke Philips N. V Methods for coding an audio signal, and to decode an coded audio sign, encoder to codify an audio signal, codified audio sign, storage media, and, decoder to decode a coded audio sign
WO2003090206A1 (en) 2002-04-22 2003-10-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Signal synthesizing
CN101223820B (zh) 2005-07-15 2011-05-04 松下电器产业株式会社 信号处理装置
RU2414741C2 (ru) 2005-07-29 2011-03-20 ЭлДжи ЭЛЕКТРОНИКС ИНК. Способ создания многоканального сигнала

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20040101552A (ko) 2004-12-02
JP4401173B2 (ja) 2010-01-20
EP1500082A1 (de) 2005-01-26
DE60311794T2 (de) 2007-10-31
US20050254446A1 (en) 2005-11-17
CN1312660C (zh) 2007-04-25
DE60311794C5 (de) 2022-11-10
BRPI0304541B1 (pt) 2017-07-04
CN1647157A (zh) 2005-07-27
ES2280736T3 (es) 2007-09-16
EP1500082B1 (de) 2007-02-14
WO2003090206A1 (en) 2003-10-30
KR101021076B1 (ko) 2011-03-11
ATE354161T1 (de) 2007-03-15
US20110166866A1 (en) 2011-07-07
US8798275B2 (en) 2014-08-05
BR0304541A (pt) 2004-07-20
AU2003216682A1 (en) 2003-11-03
JP2005523624A (ja) 2005-08-04
US7933415B2 (en) 2011-04-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE60311794D1 (en) Signalsynthese
EP0779709A3 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Blind-Trennung von verzögerten und gefilterten Quellen
NZ502883A (en) Amplification directional characteristic for deaf aid set established by electronic filtering in accordance with acoustic reception delay at twin transducers
DE50111554D1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur filterung eines signals
EP0971315A3 (de) Automatische Toneinstellung durch Kontrastverstärkungsregelung an Kanten
CA2179979A1 (en) Method and apparatus for multiuser-interference reduction
WO2001019130A3 (en) Audio signal processing
EP1193857A3 (de) DC-Fehlerkorrektion eines Direktumsetz-Empfängers
EP1175125A3 (de) Adaptive Verstärkung und Filterschaltung für Schallwiedergabesystem
AU2002317900A1 (en) Method and system for producing update frequency of means
EP0982971A3 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Anpassung Phasen und Amplituden-Frequenzgang eines Mikrofon
IL133999A0 (en) Method for electronically selecting the dependency of an output signal from the spatial angle of acoustic signal impingement and hearing aid apparatus
EP1488861A3 (de) Gerät zum Antrieb einer Schwingungsquelle
ATE492104T1 (de) Frequenzbereichsentzerrung von kommunikationssignalen
WO2005045455A3 (en) Determining positional information
WO1996032776A3 (en) Signal amplification system with automatic equalizer
EP1267591A3 (de) Maschine zur Audiosignalwiedergabe und Verfahren dafür
WO2003075457A3 (en) Apparatus and method for reducing peak-to-average signal power ratio
EP0854660A3 (de) Tonverarbeitungsschaltung
AU2003212285A1 (en) Method and system for measuring a system's transmission quality
EP1045371A3 (de) Schallkörpersteuerschaltung und Schallerregungsbetriebsverfahren unter Verwendung desselben
GB9926886D0 (en) Linerisation of an amplifier
GB2368737B (en) Method and apparatus for controlling an amplifier
EP1304287A3 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kontrollieren der Fahrradgetriebe
EP1249930A3 (de) Vorverzerrungslinearisier und Vorverzerrungskompensationsverfahren und Programm

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
8381 Inventor (new situation)

Inventor name: BREEBAART, DIRK, J., NL-5656 AA EINDHOVEN, NL

8364 No opposition during term of opposition