DE20114796U1 - Loggia-balcony-arcade-modular system - Google Patents

Description

Heinz Koszlat Hamburg, the

Norderreihe 3
22767 Hamburg

Subject: Loggia-balcony modular system with plastic recycling panels.

Introduction

More and more old buildings, especially in cities, are now being completely renovated or modernized in order to generate a return.

Many of these old buildings have backyards, some with beautiful trees, and are located with the living area facing south, southwest or southeast, and many buildings have the bedroom side facing their own property (backyard), so that there is nothing to prevent the facade from being changed from a structural point of view. The majority of the buildings/apartments have neither a balcony nor a loggia! It is therefore not possible for the tenant to sit in the sun or let the fresh wind blow around their noses, plant a few flowers or dry laundry in a natural way, etc. etc.

In order to compensate for this disadvantage/misfortune, but also to contribute to the environmental disposal of plastic waste (recycling), the loggia-balcony modular system was invented, which combines steel and recycled plastic. This system makes it possible to easily and precisely attach loggias or balconies from the outside, closed or separate, to old as well as newer buildings, in addition to/after the fact, without great effort.

The advantages are obvious: The otherwise dreary facades now look like a "new building" (bringing life into the building), - every tenant has a little piece of freedom and nature, - as above, - the tenant is happy about this. - But the viewer is also happy about this because the old building simply looks "good" - regardless of the shape or architectural style of the building, - the apartment blocks, -.

Finally, the landowner of the houses/buildings is also happy because he finds a satisfied tenant more quickly and because, thanks to this additional comfort, he can charge a higher rent due to the proportional living space calculation and this investment pays for itself quickly and the return increases, as does the overall value of the building.

Since loggias can extend across the entire width of an apartment and can be added to 2/3 of the living space, the overall return on investment is very good, and building permits can be obtained quickly and easily, as the additional facade extension and the finished foundation elements are on your own land and do not affect anyone.

The entire loggia-balcony modular system consists of a galvanized steel framework for the statics and of floors and sides/partition walls made of recycled plastics, with or without integrated reinforcement made of steel or fiberglass in the individual molded pieces, which fit precisely into the static framework.

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&bull; Description (1)

LOGGIA-BALCONY-ARCADE-CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM for the subsequent addition of loggias, balconies or arcades to old buildings that are mainly to be renovated - described as an example.

The system essentially consists of 2 parts, -1 the galvanized steel frame made of U, T and angle iron,- which can be of different thicknesses depending on the statics,- here as an example 100x100x10 mm are assumed and which are connected to each other by means of screws and nuts.

The U-shaped "erectors" connected to the "house wall" are connected by angle irons across the structure, from erector to erector.

The front uprights are connected transversely by means of T-shaped connecting irons, where the upper T-beam is located towards the front side (view side) of the balcony or loggia and serves as a "licking edge".

The uprights and crosspieces, which are connected to the house wall by means of anchors, wedge screws or dowels, depending on the circumstances, are connected to the front upright/crosspiece construction by means of round 12 mm tension anchors by screwing.

The floor and the side walls consist of specially shaped parts made of exposed reinforced concrete or lightweight concrete (aerated concrete) or other material.

For the floor moldings, for example, a standard size of 10x10 cm side length and a total length of around 120 cm is assumed, with the end pieces being twice as wide as they extend into the area of the side walls. These floor pieces are roughly shaped like a double T-beam, only with a thicker middle bar, where these are placed next to one another, always forming hollow chambers to save weight and to have space for the tension rods.

The approximately 4 cm wide central bar of the individual floor pieces contains, for example, two profiled reinforcing bars as static fracture stabilization, one at the bottom and one at the top in the element area (see drawing).

The floor elements, which are roughly designed as double T-beams, are worked/shaped on one side in the part facing upwards in such a way that they rest on one another and lie on top of one another, like a staircase, and they statically connect with one another and form an infinite unit, regardless of the length of the balcony, loggia or arcade.

The side walls are also made of prefabricated parts/elements, made of hollow or foam/aerated concrete or other material in similar dimensions to the floor pieces, but much lighter as they do not have to bear any load and only function as a lightweight wall to separate the building from the neighbour.

These side wall/partition wall parts are fitted/inserted into the U-shaped uprights on the left and right up to the desired height - either parapet height for balconies or full height for loggias, for example.

The floor moldings run diagonally towards the front edge with a gradient of approx. lern per meter and have a recess (gutter) at the front for water collection/water drainage.

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- - Description 2 - -

The rainwater drainage downpipe is located in the side walls/partition walls, in the sense that the individual wall elements have a nose of approx. 2 cm all the way around, which firstly connects the elements precisely and secondly forms the drainpipe of approx. 65 mm diameter, where this can happen to the left and right of the loggia, the balcony area or on one side.

Towards the "bottom" - as a "ceiling" for the tenant below - the floor moldings are formed/beveled at an angle at the longitudinal seams - so that it has the "appearance" of tongue and groove board panels and the ceiling only needs to be painted to complete it.

To complete the work, the side walls/partition walls only need to be plastered with a plastic filler or similar - something that can be done quickly and easily even by laypeople.

The floor surface (the assembled individual molded parts) are sealed to the masonry, to the building wall using plastic joint filler, as well as to the front T-steel beam side.

Finally, the entire floor (the tread surface) including the gutter is coated/sealed with a viscous plastic/polyester surface that adheres to the floor using a surface brush, approx. 2 mm thick, and can then be sprinkled with dry paint particles.

The front of the loggia, balcony or pergola can be designed in different ways, depending on the architectural style and taste.

By attaching/connecting the uprights at parapet height with a U-rail and downward-running double T-irons, it can be made suitable for use with the elements also used for the side parts - which then, like the side walls, consists of an 8cm thick, solid lightweight concrete wall - with a U-shaped connector made of galvanized steel forming the end at the "top".

It can be clad with approximately 100 mm thick concrete-asbestos panels on a lattice frame, with glass inserts etc. or it can just consist of a steel lattice frame - there are no limits to the imagination as far as matching the building structure is concerned.

Any parapet cladding, depending on the architecture, can be used as it plays no static role.

As you can imagine, the loggias, balconies or arcades created on the concrete floor elements arranged next to one another can also be covered with tiles or a similar coating, as is conventional, as can the sides or dividing walls.

It should also be mentioned that the lateral forces of the entire steel construction are only given by the insertion and fixing of the entire floor construction (the floor moldings).

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- - Description 3 - -

The assembly of the steel framework required for the statics is easy!

First, the foundations required for each erector are laid in the ground - these can be prefabricated steel-concrete elements - or foundations that are poured into the existing soil on site - they can be designed as single or double foundations (each for the front and rear (wall) erectors) - and have threaded stud bolts that protrude upwards into which the flanges of the erectors are placed.

Then the pre-drilled, U-shaped "wall uprights" are attached vertically to the house wall using wall anchors, key screws or dowels or similar or a combination thereof.

Then the cross connectors (angle irons) connecting the uprights to the wall are mounted and possibly connected to the house wall at 1 or 2 points, depending on the building structure.

Then the approx. 12 mm round tension anchors are screwed into the threaded holes in the angle iron (the wall erector cross connector) located approximately every 1.25 m in the wall angle iron - where the angle iron itself has a thread and a nut is welded / fixed to the back - so that the thread runs through.

The front U-shaped uprights are then assembled/screwed to the T-shaped front cross connectors and, depending on the conditions on the construction site, placed on the foundations using a crane and loosely screwed to the ring/tension anchors. Depending on the design, a cross-laid tension cross can be used for lateral stabilization, which can be used as an aid for assembly and is removed after the floor elements have been laid.

This means that the steel framework is in place and can be covered with the individual floor segments (shaped pieces), which stabilises the static lateral forces which, after grouting or connection with the masonry and the steel framework, act like a floor slab made from one piece.

Overall, it may also be noted that the U-uprights are mounted "inwards" within the longitudinal and lateral lines of the balconies, loggias or arcades, i.e. they do not protrude, and the enlarged floor end or side pieces/molded parts are recessed accordingly.

This results in continuous, smooth sides and partition walls - or, depending on requirements, also the same front walls/parapets.

When using any lightweight panels for the sides and partition walls or the front/parapet cladding, a rainwater drainpipe must also be installed in the side walls and connected to the gutter of the floor sections.

Drawing and reference symbol explanation

The drawing on sheet 1 shows in figure A, as an example, an old building, as it was typical after the war, before renovation.

Figure B : shows the same old building, but after renovation or modernization, with the addition of 3 additional apartments in the roof, new thermal windows and prefabricated joggia-like balconies (arcades) along the entire length of the apartment block with indicated raised floor foundations, where the ground floor has a covered terrace like all the other apartments.

The drawing on sheet 2 shows in Fig . A an example of two prefabricated floor elements (1) laid next to each other, with the cast-in stabilizing reinforcing bars (la) (reinforcement) and the tie rods (2) connecting the front and rear yokes of the steel framework. (1) Floor element (2) Tie rod (la) Reinforcing bars.

Figure B shows as an example a connection / screw connection of the front yoke of the steel frame with the front T-beams and the indicated partition wall molding with fall rain pipe and indicated gutter from the floor molding.

The front T-beams, for holding the floor parts, are shown with welded flanges and with the screws and nuts for connection to the U-shaped erector and indicated weld seams.

(1) upright (2) T-beam, (3) partition wall molding, (3a) downpipe integrated in 3, (3b) indicated gutter, (2a) screw bolt with nut, (2b) flange welded to T-beam, (2c) indicated weld seams.

The drawing on sheet 3 shows in Figure A , as an example, a top view of two assembled balcony or loggia floors with prefabricated moldings with the U-shaped uprights and the wall, rain pipe and gutter indication with the front T-shaped support beams and the rear angle beams (the cross connectors), which can additionally be connected to the wall.

(2) front, T-shaped support beam (3) rear, angle-shaped support beam.

Figure B shows, as an example, an end or middle section of the steel construction, seen from above, with the uprights (I), the front T-shaped (support) cross connector (2) and the rear, angle-shaped (support) cross connector (3), where the floor molding end piece (a) (which is twice as wide as the other floor moldings, approx. 20 x 0 x 20 cm) with the gutter and drain pipe can be seen, as well as three further concrete floor moldings made of T-shaped concrete laid next to one another (see description and claims), marked as (bl), (b2) and (b3).

(1) U-shaped erector (2) T-shaped support cross connector (3) angled support cross connector (a) floor molding end piece (bl to b3) floor moldings.

Figure CV shows an example of a floor molding of approx. 10x10x120 cm in length with the T-shaped front support (cross connector) (2) and the rear, angle-shaped wall support (cross connector) (3) in side format . - where the gradient of approx. lern p.mtr. towards the gutter is noticeable with the recessed gutter.

(2) front, T-shaped support beam (3) rear, angled support beam.

Claims (10)

1. Loggia-balcony-pergola modular system, - particularly for retrofitting to old buildings, - essentially consisting of 2 parts, - the static metal framework and the lightweight concrete molded parts for the floor, the side walls and the parapet, - where the gutter and the downpipe are contained or incorporated into the floor and side molded parts and the gutter can be laid at the front towards the parapet or at the back towards the masonry and with the feature, - that the floor molded pieces in the, e.g. E.g. standard size of 10 × 10 × 120 cm manufactured and to save weight, shaped similar to a double T-beam and the upper web is thicker and has a double/stepped edge which when laid always rests on the edge of the previous shaped piece so that the shaped pieces form a static unit and are mounted/reinforced with e.g. two round anchors for statics.
Also with the feature - that the rear metal yoke (two U-shaped erectors and an angle-shaped cross connector) - is attached to the wall by means of wall anchors, wedge screws, dowels or similar and with the front metal yoke (two U-shaped erectors and a T-shaped cross connector) with screwable round tension anchors - which are located in the hollow chambers resulting from the laying of the shaped pieces.
Furthermore, with the feature that the floor and side moldings can be arranged indefinitely and the smooth surface that results when laying is finally made water and walk-on resistant with a plastic liquid sealant, whereby the underside of the floor moldings, similar to a tongue and groove panel board, are molded/sealed and only need to be painted. 2. Construction according to claim 1, - particularly characterized in that - the floor, sides and parapet lightweight molded parts consist of recycled plastic parts, - with or without a static metal reinforcement/armoring and otherwise the same as the concrete parts - or only a partial processing of plastic parts, - e.g. for the parapet and the side walls, - is made. 3. Construction according to claim 1 or 2, - characterized in that - the sides or partition walls have such shaped pieces made of concrete, steel or plastic parts or any combination thereof, - in the sense that - the erector for the supporting statics is located/integrated in the wall construction elements. 4. Construction according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that - the floor, sides and parapet moldings are made of metal, - or the entire balcony/loggia/pergola construction, - in the sense that, for example, the moldings are made of thin metal sheet, - similar to a rectangular hollow body which can be smooth or toothed and is partially connected by welding after installation, - whereby the tie rods provided for the front and rear yoke (as connectors) can be omitted and the entire construction becomes "even" lighter and the surface is also sealed using liquid plastic. 5. Construction according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, - characterized in that - the floor, side wall and parapet parts consist of a grid-like metal body in a sandwich process which is covered on the outside with a plastic seal/coating. 6. Construction according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, - characterized in that - the side or partition walls, between the uprights, - consist of panels (made of, for example, asbestos concrete or similar material), - where the outer surfaces are already sealed and fully coated and the connection of the cavity between the panels is made by "foaming" on site using polyester or other materials and the rainwater downpipe is laid in the conventional way and installed. 7. Construction according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, - characterized in that - the floor moldings are made from completely normal, conventional, - prefabricated clay-concrete parts used for a window or door lintel, - from U-shaped clay shells, - which are filled and stabilized with fine concrete and reinforcement, - are placed next to one another in the supports of the steel framework and then connected/stabilized by means of fine screed/concrete applied to the top or a special connecting layer made of plastic, - whereby the smooth underside of the individual parts, - put together next to one another, - is roughened/rounded and only needs to be sealed with paint. 8. Construction according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, - characterized in that - the floor and side (also parapet) molded parts - consist of disc-like, - possibly perforated individual plates made of, for example, asbestos concrete, which can be laid next to one another or on top of one another, - with the advantage of centimeter-precise adjustment in length and height, - where the molding of the parts can also include a water drainage channel and downpipe. 9. Construction according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, - characterized in that - for example, a balcony floor part can be individually - completely inserted into the upright/crosspiece construction, - where the pre-formed floor part can consist of various materials with the various processing options, - as specified in the preceding claims. 10. Construction according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, - characterized in that, - after assembly of the steel construction, the individual or continuous floor area in situ, - as is conventional, - is cast into the static support bearings (e.g. angles and T-beams) with fine concrete, - whereby only the sides and possibly parapet parts then consist of prefabricated parts and the rainwater downpipe either runs internally in the side parts as intended, - or is laid externally per floor slab, - which could then run in front of the recessed erectors (U-beams).