DE1100585B - Water repellent emulsions - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

It is known that textiles and other fibrous materials can be rendered hydrophobic by treating them with suitable Emulsions treated in one bath. These emulsions generally contain paraffin, fatty acid and / or resin acid in the disperse phase and basic salts of two-, three- or tetravalent weakly basic metals, e.g. B. zirconium or aluminum, individually or as a mixture, also urea and often protective colloids and / or emulsifiers, ζ. B. glue and / or Oxäthylierungsprodukte. As far as these are emulsions that have no or only small amounts of Contain protective colloids or emulsifiers, the stability is often not completely satisfactory or insufficient.

It has now been found that particularly stable water repellent emulsions are obtained if the emulsifier and protective colloid-free emulsions of known composition, water-soluble monohydric low molecular weight alcohols with at least 3 carbon atoms that are branched, secondary or tertiary, in amounts of 2 to 20% of the amount of emulsion, but not more than the saturation of the aqueous Phase.

Suitable alcohols are e.g. B. n-butanol- (2), tert-amyl alcohol, sec-amyl alcohol, isobutanol (2) and isopropanol. One can use the alcohol during the Add production of the emulsions, but you can do it with just as good success of the finished emulsion to add.

The invention has a particularly favorable effect in the case of emulsions based on tetravalent basic salts Metals of approximately the following composition: 5 to 30 parts of solid and / or liquid hydrocarbons and / or waxes or oils or fats, 0.5 to 10 parts of fatty and / or montan acids, 1 to 10 parts of zirconium oxide in the form of basic salts of strong or weak acids and so much water that the resulting emulsion was 4 to 50% more dispersed Phase contains. Such emulsions are in themselves — after the usual dilution to the bathroom - very effective, but their stability is very low, so that up to now one has mostly been forced to add emulsifiers.

For example, the emulsions prepared according to this invention show no deposits on centrifugation; on the other hand, emulsions prepared analogously but without the addition of alcohol are formed during centrifugation significant deposits. Furthermore, the emulsions prepared according to the invention are - im In contrast to corresponding alcohol-free emulsions - insensitive to repeated temperature changes, in which the paraffin is always transferred from the solid to the liquid state and vice versa Water repellent emulsions

Applicant:

Badische Anilin- Sd Soda-Fabrik

Corporation,

Ludwigshafen / Rhine

Dr. Eric. Schwartz, Mannheim,
Dr. Walter Gerhard, Horst-Günter Conrad,

Weinheim (a _s d. Bergstrasse),

and Walter Krause, Ilvesheim via Mannheim,

have been named as inventors

will. In the tropics, water-repellent emulsions are often exposed to these complaints. Also the Storage stability at elevated temperatures is significantly increased by the addition of alcohol. The impregnation properties are not adversely affected thereby.

Hydrocarbon emulsions are already known which have a high content of anionic emulsifiers and which _{contain water-insoluble fatty alcohols (C 8} and higher) for stabilization. The fatty alcohols enter the interface between the two phases and, together with the anion-active emulsifier, bring about stabilization.

It was therefore unforeseeable and surprising that the water-soluble low molecular weight Alcohols of a certain structure provide excellent stabilization even in the absence of emulsifiers bring about. Rather, it had to be feared that these alcohols have exactly the opposite effect and the emulsions would coagulate. Nor was it foreseeable that the quality of the emulsions achieved water-repellent finish is not adversely affected by the alcohol.

The parts mentioned in the exemplary embodiments are parts by weight.

example 1

One places z. B. according to the provisions of the patent 866 792 an emulsion of the following composition her: 20% paraffin, 1.7% fatty acid, 0.5% sodium formate, 0.6% acetic acid, 8.5 "/ O zirconyl acetate and

109 528/671

1% ammonia, the rest water. 90 parts of this emulsion are mixed with 10 parts of isopropanol or with 4 parts isobutanol- (2) and if the samples are kept for 10 weeks, they remain unchanged while an emulsion of the same type stored without the addition of alcohol creams and is no longer usable.

Example 2

An emulsion is prepared according to Example 1 and during processing, for. B. when reloading, 10% tert-butanol. The resistance of this emulsion to a conventional emulsion of A similar structure, which contains small amounts of oxyethylation products for stabilization, is even in extreme temperature conditions, such as. B. occur in the tropics, greatly increased.

If the two emulsions to be compared are stored at 50 ° C. in a drying cabinet, the emulsion is the same according to this invention still unchanged in every respect after 1 month, while the usual one Emulsion is unusable after 9 days. The samples are heated to 50 to 60 ° C and overnight if it is left to stand at 20 ° C. during the day, the alcohol-containing emulsion is still unchanged after 30 days; the comparison emulsion has already become unusable after less than half the time.

It is particularly noteworthy that with the emulsion according to the invention a by about 30 to 40% better water-repellent finish is obtained.

Claims (2)

Patent claims: 1. Emulsifier and protective colloid-free water repellent emulsions based on paraffin and / or other hydrophobic substances and basic salts, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent metals by a content of 2 to 20% of the emulsion amount, but at most up to saturation the aqueous phase of water-soluble monohydric low molecular weight alcohols with at least 3 carbon atoms that are branched, secondary or tertiary. 2. Hydrophobieremulsionen according to claim 1, comprising about 5 to 30 parts of hydrophobic organic substances, 0.5 to 10 parts fat or montanic acids, 1 to IO ¹ parts tetravalent metal oxide in the form of basic salts, the specified amount of alcohol and sufficient water, that the resulting emulsion contains 4 to 50% of the dispersed phase. Considered publications:
U.S. Patent No. 2,187,858;
French Patent No. 810 805;
Berkman and Egloff, "Emulsions and Foarms," 1941, pp. 169, 38. 109 528/671 2.61