DE1019966B - Lifting and stacking trolleys - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The currently known lift trucks are generally of two types in terms of training of the parts that carry and lift the packages in relation to the actual cart.

In the first type, shown schematically in Figs. 1 and 2, the arrangement of the plate is 1 for carrying and lifting the packages as well as the masts used to guide and hold this plate 2 to be observed in relation to the steering wheel and carrier wheel sets 3 and 4. With this arrangement, the The load is well distributed on the axles, so that the stability is excellent. The overall arrangement can be performed more easily, reducing the performance required for the process enables; furthermore, the arrangement can have a relatively short length, which makes it possible to drive through of narrow aisles between the stacked packages as shown in the drawing.

On the other hand, however, this type of cart has considerable disadvantages, namely:

Presence of the small front wheels 4, which bump against the already stacked packages and prevent immediate stacking of the transported packages on top of those that have already been stacked;

Impossibility of directing the packages or the containers used for handling bulk goods record on the ground. The packages must thus be brought onto the lifting plate so that the Plate 1 in the lower position may only be slightly above the ground, which means that front wheels can be used 4 leads of small diameter, which wear out quickly and for driving on uneven surfaces Terrain is unfavorable;

as finally shown in Fig. 1, which by the hatching 5 a low ceiling z. B. a railroad car shows, the guides 2 of these carts generally have a fixed height and are for Medium-height rooms are provided, which means that they can be stacked at the same time in rooms with high ceilings or prevented in railroad cars.

In the second known type of cart, shown schematically in Figs. 3 and 4, the forks 6 for lifting the packages carried and guided by masts 7, the assembly being free is arranged in front of the cart and the axle of the wheels 8 in a supporting manner.

With this arrangement it is obviously possible to record all packages or products directly at which the lifting forks 6 can reach under them. You can also get the packages immediately without any special Stack handling on top of each other. In this type of cart, the drive is usually through the front axle, whereby a better adhesion is achieved.

Lifting and stacking trolleys

Applicant:

Francisque Bastie, Bret, Haute-Loire
(France)

Representative: P. Meffert, patent attorney,
Koblenz, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Ring 27

Claimed priority:
France 3 December 1953

Francisque Bastie, Bret Haute-Loire (France),
has been named as the inventor

However, this type of cart also has significant disadvantages: namely:

too great a length, which increases the width of the aisles between the stacks of parcels and the Capacity of the magazines and workshops reduced in the same way;

with respect to the axis of the front wheels 8 cantilever load, which means a higher cart weight and even requires additional ballast for counterbalancing;

Overloading of the wheels 8 and the floors during charging, so that the wheels with large tires Diameter must be provided, thereby cantilevering the load and increasing the size of the drive mechanism be further enlarged;

Need to relocate the dead weight as far back as possible, which makes sticking the Front wheels 8 impaired when the cart is empty;

a high drive power due to the considerable weight of the arrangement;

Impairment of stability due to a heavy load placed poorly on the fork;

finally, in most cases, the telescopic guides 7 of these trolleys do not allow them to be stacked both in railroad cars or rooms with low ceilings as well as in larger magazines Height. As indicated in phantom in Fig. 3, the retractable slide touches the low ceiling before the forks 6 are raised sufficiently. In general, short guides are required for low ceilings are provided.

Part of the above disadvantages is avoided in a known embodiment in which the actual lifting device 2 or 7 on the

709 8HS / 223

frame with the help of two on two sets of guideways carried by the chassis Roll sets is movably stored.

The training according to the invention differs from this known embodiment in that that the front guideways are pivotable on the chassis and at their front end support a floor support, while the rear guideways support one at a higher level

pivot, whereby the supports 13 ^{1 are} raised, while when moving the guides forwards the supports come into contact with the ground (Figs. 7 and 8).

The second support point is formed by rollers 14, which behind the guides 10 on a higher point than the rollers 12 are arranged. The connection between the rollers 14 and the guides 10 and the rollers 12 is shown schematically in FIG

indicated as the horizontal drawing lying on the front guideways. The rollers 14 roll in a right-hand section and a rearwardly inclined path 15, which are fastened to the cart, have inclined sections, the design and at its rear end a ramp 15 ^{1 being designed to} allow the lifting device to move. When the lifting device is returned backwards, the pivoting of the front to the rear (Fig. 5 and 6) causes the ramps 15 ¹ their guideways and the lifting of the floor 15 consequently tilting the device and the support from the floor and possibly by means of this Packages to the rear, which increases the stability for pivoting via means known per se for transport.

Unlocking the control of the chassis causes. The adjustment of the device to the rear

This training offers in particular the advantages, the purpose of the transport is effected in addition to the already

that the stability both during the mentioned tilting movement of the ramps 13

excellent in both driving and working position.

and that the front wheels are completely relieved in the working position by the floor supports.

The invention is explained below by way of example with reference to the drawing.

Fig. 1 and 2 show in two corresponding schematic views the arrangement of a first known type of cart;

Fig. 3 and 4 show in two corresponding schema switch z. B. from the tilting movement of the ramps 13 depends and releases the control to move the cart. This procedure can therefore not be carried out when the lifting device is not in the transport position.

It can be seen from Fig. 7 that the lever arm α of the load is very small compared to the lever arm b of the balancing load (cart weight), these two being

table views the formation of a second lever arms in relation to the floor support 13 ¹ calculated cart design; are net.

Fig. 5 and 6 and Fig. 7 and 8 are four of the lifting device shown in Fig. 5 and 7

Schematic views corresponding in pairs, of the cart comprising fixed guides 10, in which the essential characteristics of the inventive sliding guides 10 ¹ are arranged, show the cart in two operating positions; ^{35 The carriage 9 1} carrying the lifting forks 9 is longitudinal

the guides 10 ¹ adjustable. During operation, the carriage 9 ¹ and the forks 9 first go up on the guides 10 ¹ , whereupon they are raised themselves. This allows in any room

Figures 9 and 10 show schematically two known different lifting devices for trolleys; the dashed lines show positions after actuation and lifting of the devices;

Fig. 11 and 12 show schematically the 4 ° men according to the invention, themselves appropriate lifting device in two consecutive low ceilings (railway wagons), the operating positions, the dashed line in FIG. 11 showing a first adjustment;

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of an oil

in rooms with

From the above it follows that, although the cart is only short in length, the parcels can be picked up immediately grasp on the ground and immediately pile them up pump of known design to actuate the lifting 45 can. The stability of the cart is excellent the cart; net, its weight is low, its safety device

device prevents any unwanted adjustment, and its retractable device ultimately results

Fig. 14, 15 and 16 show in schematic views several operating states of the invention Pump.

According to the invention is the lifting device, which 50 spaces.

Lifting forks (or the lifting plate) 9 and the extendable Fig. 9 and 10 show schematically the lifting device

services

a general applicability in any

Baren masts or guides 10, 10 ¹ for these forks, adjustably attached to the actual trolley 11. This can be U-shaped to facilitate the adjustment of the lifting device on its front low-lying part. The rear wheels II ^{1 of} the cart are driving and steering wheels.

The adjustable arrangement of the lifting devices

of the two well-known, commonly used types.

The device of Fig. 9 is of the fixed strut type, the height of which corresponds to the one to be operated Space must correspond. In this device, the jack head 16 lifts during its upward movement the fork carriage 17, which as a result of the pulley-like training up twice as fast

takes place through two support and roll points, to which 60 goes,
the devices on ramps and support and the device of Fig. 10 shows the very far

Support the guideways of the cart. widespread design with extendable struts.

A first support point is provided by the rollers 12. This device does not allow stacking in

forms, which at the lower part of the guides 10 rooms with a low ceiling. With this device

are attached in the same plane. The rollers 65 is the head of the pressure block 18 with the movable

12 roll on ramps 15, which are connected to their front guide 19, which thus with a half

End at 13 ¹ such a high speed supported on the ground goes up. The largest

Own prop. The ramps 13 are on the cart height is reached when the fork carriage 20 the

pivotally attached, so that it has reached movable head 18 at the return. From the drawing

tion of the guides 10 on the carts (Figs. 5 and 6) 70 it is clear that this device is not in

Rooms with low ceilings can be used (see dashed line).

In the arrangement according to the invention, the cable 21 is attached to the axis of the roller 23 at the head of the extendable part of the fixed jack 22. ^{The cable runs over the pulley 21 1} attached to the fixed body of the jack 22, over the pulley 23 at the head of the extendable movable part of the jack, then over the pulley 24 ¹ attached to the lower part of the movable guide 24 and over the pulley 24 ² at the head of the movable guide. Finally, the end of the cable is ^{attached at 25 1} to the fork carriage 25 which is adjustable along the guide 24. It should be noted that the cable on the lifting jack forms a triple block and tackle and directly exerts a pull on the stacking device, so that the stroke of the head of the lifting jack 23 is always one third of the stroke of the carriage 25. As a result of this pulley-like training, the head of the jack does not exceed the height of the fixed guides when stacking in low rooms.

In this design, the fork carriage 25 is immediately upon the upward movement of the head 23 of the jack raised until it reaches the top of the movable guide 24 where it is held (Fig. 11, dashed line). As the jack continues to work, the guide 24 raised together with the fork carriage 25 (Fig. 12).

From Fig. 11 it is clear that the height of the retracted lifting device is the lowest to be driven through doors (z. B. in railroad cars) and that both in rooms with lower Ceiling and as a result of the extension of the movable guide 24 stacked at a great height can be.

The invention also relates to a new oil pump arrangement for controlling the jacks. This is It should also be noted that the oil pumps used to control the jacks are generally only used to lift the Loads are used while the downward movement is made by opening a valve that the body of the jack directly in connection with the storage container. This results in a sudden downward movement of the packages, which can result in their destruction. There are already devices have been proposed to overcome this disadvantage, but they are intricate and costly.

Fig. 13 shows an oil pump of a known type for operating the jacks. It contains a piston 26 which is connected to a crank 28 by a coupling rod 27. The inlet and pressure lines 29 and 30 are normally closed by ball valves 29 ¹ and 30 ¹ , which are constantly pressed onto their seat by springs. The way it works is clear: every rotation of the crankshaft causes the oil to be sucked into the cylinder of the piston 26 through the line 29 and conveyed into the jack through the line 30.

In the arrangement according to the invention (Fig. 14) the same parts can be found as above, including a control of the valves 29 ¹ and 30 ¹ by tappets 29 ² and 30 ² , which are connected to a pivot lever 31 and z. B. can be actuated by a coupling rod 32 which is articulated to the pivot lever 31 and to the crank 28 with a certain eccentricity.

In this configuration, when the pump is driven in the direction of arrow F (Fig. 14), piston 26 will be pulled down during part of the rotation of the crankshaft. At the same time, the plunger 29 ^{2 actuates the suction valve 29 1} as a result of the operation of the coupling rod 32 and the pivot lever 31. This is therefore safely raised during the entire intake phase, so that there is no risk of delayed opening. The cylinder fills completely and quickly (Fig. 14).

During the next partial rotation of the crankshaft, the oil is driven out, at the same time the tappet 30 ^{2 actuates the pressure valve 30 1} which controls the connection with the jack (Fig. 15).

The control of the valves thus takes place in synchronism with the adjustments of the piston, what a considerable increase in the speed and the delivery rate of the pumps allows what at the known pump arrangements is not possible, in which beyond a fairly low speed there is no longer any delivery capacity.

Furthermore, the importance of the two plungers 29 ² and 30 ² should be pointed out, in particular the important task of the plunger 30 ² on the pressure side when pumping for jacks. When the pump is driven in the opposite direction (arrow F ¹ , Fig. 16), the pressure valve 30 ^{1 is} raised when the piston 26 descends in the cylinder (suction phase). The liquid therefore passes from the jack into the pump cylinder and is pushed back into the storage container during the next phase of rotation via the line 29, the valve 29 ^{1 of which is raised at the right moment.}

The downward movement can therefore only take place at the speed permitted by the motor, which brakes the downward movement with any load on the lifting carriage. This is special for the gradual lowering of the loads without risk of runaway as well as for careful Handling of fragile products is important.

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. Lifting and stacking trolleys with one of a chassis and steering frame with a drive and steering wheel set and a front support wheel set in the vertical direction directly in front of the carrying wheels and opposite these cantilevered from the ground on working lifting device, which on the chassis with the help of two roller sets rolling on two sets of guideways carried by the chassis are movably mounted, characterized in that the front guide tracks (13) are pivotable on the chassis and ^{carry a floor support (13 1} ) at their front end, while the rear guide tracks (15) have one a higher level than the front guideways lying horizontal section and a rearward sloping inclined section (15 ¹ ), the training being made so that the movement of the lifting device backwards the pivoting of the front guideways and the lifting of the floor support from the ground and possibly mitt Els this pivoting causes the unlocking of the control of the chassis via means known per se. 2. Lifting and hand truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed jack (22) is provided with an extendable part and also carries a movable guide (24) along which the fork carriage (25) is adjustable, the cable (21) in this device being fastened on the one hand to the extendable head of the fixed jack and on the other hand to the fork carriage and between these two fastening points Rollers (24 ?, 24 ¹ , 23, 21 ¹ ) running, which are arranged on the head or the foot of the adjustable guide or on the head of the extendable part of the jack or on the head of the fixed jack. 3. Lifting and hand truck according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the oil pump for actuating the lifting jack is provided with plungers (29 ² , 30 ² ) which the valve (29 ¹ ) to the oil inlet from the storage container and the valve Actuate (30 ¹ ) for conveying to the jack in such a way that these valves are lifted from their seat against the springs acting on them in synchronism with the adjustments of the piston (26) of the pump, whereby the ends of the two tappets are lifted from their seat by a pivot lever (31 ) are connected, on which a coupling rod (23) engages, which is articulated at its other end with a certain eccentricity on the crankshaft (28). Considered publications:
German Patent No. 889 276;
British Patent Nos. 584 262, 647 817;
U.S. Patents Nos. 2,479,623, 2,292,870, 320,601, Re 23,546 to 2,437,806. 1 sheet of drawings © 709 8C- / 223 11.57