CN1511670A

CN1511670A - Submerged arc welding method of parallel double wire or single wire adding metal powder

Info

Publication number: CN1511670A
Application number: CNA021517940A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邝益壮; 黄海珍
Original assignee: WEILIN TRADE CO Ltd JIANGMEN CITY
Current assignee: WEILIN TRADE CO Ltd JIANGMEN CITY
Priority date: 2002-12-31
Filing date: 2002-12-31
Publication date: 2004-07-14
Anticipated expiration: 2022-12-31
Also published as: CN1297365C

Abstract

The present invention discloses an improved submerged arc welding process with double parallel wires or single wire plus metal powder. During welding, metal powder is adhered to the low alloy steel welding wire to obtain the welded layer with required alloy components. The said welding process can weld the root of welded part completely without crack and other welding fault produced and need of forming pit in advance. The welding process has high production efficiency, less mother material dilution, small heat affected area and homogeneous fine welding layer structure, and the welded part has wear resistance, corrosion resistance and long service life. The present invention may be used widely in large area surface built-up welding, especially the surface treatment of steel-making rollers.

Description

Parallel mariages or monofilament add the submerged-arc welding method of metal dust

One, technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of improved submerged-arc welding method, the submerged-arc welding method of the metal dust built-up welding of particularly annotating (is called for short: SWP).

Two, background technology

At present, do not see the submerged-arc welding method that the filling metal dust is arranged.And the operation principle of common submerged-arc welding method normally: after producing electric arc between wire tip and the weldment, the width of cloth of electric arc is penetrated heat and is made wire tip solder melts on every side, there is part to be evaporated, the solder flux steam with around the electric arc the fusing agent---slag arranges, form an enclosure space, make electric arc and isolate from outer air, electric arc burns away in this space, welding wire is constantly fusing just, and falls to drip shape, mixes the formation welding pool with the liquid metal that weldment is melted.Along with the carrying out of welding process, electric arc moves forward, and welding pool also solidifies thereupon cooling off, and forms welding bead.The less slag of density floats over the surface in molten bath, becomes skull after the cooling.Yet.Adopt this common submerged-arc welding method throat thickness at the weldment more than 14 millimeters, general bevel in advance all, with the welding bead root through welding of the weldment that guarantees to weld with good welding bead moulding is arranged, and there is not a dreg defect, moreover, also will be according to the different-thickness of weldment, and open the groove of V-arrangement, X-shaped, U-shaped or other shapes respectively.Therefore, the preparation that will do before its welding is more.And, for the thicker weldment of throat thickness, not only bevel in advance all usually before welding no matter also be single or double submerged-arc welding, all will adopt the mode of multilayer submerged-arc welding to carry out, even also at first use sometimes after manual electric arc welding deals with the weldment that will weld, just submerged-arc welding can be carried out, like this, welding quality can be guaranteed, avoid cracking, the problems of welded quality of undercut and slag inclusion, be unfavorable for improving welding productivity therefrom.

When adopting common submerged-arc welding method to weld, it is big and the layer fine structure is even inadequately also to exist mother metal dilution rate height, heat-affected zone, and the thin drawback of generally having only 15 millimeter of layer.

Three, summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved submerged-arc welding method, particularly parallel mariages or monofilament add the submerged-arc welding method of metal dust, with overcome existing common submerged-arc welding method (be called for short: SAW) existing will be in advance to the thicker weldment bevel of thickness and need the multilayer welding, and lower welding productivity, the big and layer fine structure of mother metal dilution rate height, heat-affected zone is drawback uniformly inadequately.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: parallel mariages of the present invention or monofilament add the submerged-arc welding method of metal dust single or two continuous casting rollers are carried out the surface sclerosis, by the built-up welding of filling metal dust, technology and equipment to common submerged-arc welding make improvements, utilize and on traditional SAW technology basis, use instead one or parallel two low alloy steel welding wires, in welding, stick to metal dust on the low alloy steel welding wire synchronously, wherein, described metal dust accounts for 40%～60% of total alloy material of comprising low alloy steel welding wire and metal dust.Because with metal dust and low alloy steel welding wire pairing, so be easy to obtain the layer of required alloy composition.Using this method welds, can make the welding bead root through welding of weldment, a welding fabrication, can not crack, the weld defect of undercut and slag inclusion, and need not open near coal-minely in advance, have higher productivity ratio, the mother metal dilution is few, little and the uniform characteristics of layer fine structure in heat-affected zone, and wear-resistant, etch-proof characteristics.And the thickness of layer can reach 35 millimeter, thereby guarantees welding quality preferably, prolongs the service life of weldment.It can be widely used in large-area surface overlaying handles, and especially the surface of roller of steel industry is handled.

Though SWP is a kind of submerged-arc welding of adding metal dust,, as long as a supporting powder feeder just can be used the present invention on the basis of existing submerged-arc welding equipment, and need not a large amount of expensive new equipments of investing again.

Four, accompanying drawing and subordinate list explanation

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, subordinate list and embodiment operation principle of the present invention is further described:

Fig. 1, be the fundamental diagram that the parallel mariages of one of the present invention adds the submerged-arc welding of metal dust;

Fig. 2, be the fundamental diagram that the present invention's two monofilament add the submerged-arc welding of metal dust;

Fig. 3, be the diverse location Cr of roller and the variation comparison diagram of Ni;

Fig. 4, be the Vickers hardness of layer and weldment and the distribution map of Cr;

Fig. 5, metallographic detection figure for adopting SAW technology to draw by the microscope amplification;

Fig. 6, amplify the metallographic detection figure that draws by microscope for using SWP technology.

Table 1, be the alloy material and the chemical analysis table of low alloy steel welding wire, metal dust, mother metal;

Table 2, be metal dust and low alloy steel welding wire different proportion deposition rate contrast table;

Table 3, be the chemical analysis table of layer;

Table 4, be the technical performance contrast table of SWP method and SAW technology;

Table 5, be for after correct evaluate application SWP welds, whether correct and consistent along each position chemical analysis that the axle of roller rotates, and by detailed data analytical table that atom spectrum drew.

Five, the specific embodiment

The present invention is the submerged-arc welding method of filling metal dust, and it is divided into parallel mariages and adds the submerged-arc welding method of metal dust and the submerged-arc welding method that monofilament adds metal dust.It carries out the surface sclerosis to single or two continuous casting rollers, by the built-up welding of filling metal dust, technology and equipment to common submerged-arc welding make improvements, utilize and on traditional SAW technology basis, use instead one or parallel two low alloy steel welding wires, in welding, metal dust is sticked on the welding wire synchronously.Because with metal dust and low alloy steel welding wire pairing, so be easy to obtain the layer of required alloy composition.Its major technique is characterised in that: use one or parallel two low alloy steel welding wires and the required alloying element of adding in metal dust, wherein, described metal dust accounts for 40%～60% of total alloy material of comprising low alloy steel welding wire and metal dust.Why method of the present invention is compared with traditional SAW technology, has higher productivity ratio, the mother metal dilution is few, little and the uniform characteristics of layer fine structure in heat-affected zone are because during welding, by producing electric arc between low alloy steel welding wire end and the weldment, most of heat energy of these electric arcs helps the metal dust of annotating fully to be dissolved in layer, like this, just can obtain the layer of required alloy composition, and can guarantee multilayer chemical composition unanimity.When using this method, according to the material of different weldments, the corresponding metal dust of annotating just can ensure the welding quality of weldment.

The present invention implements like this: make improvements on the basis of the technology of common submerged-arc welding and equipment, make it to have striking, pilot arc smooth combustion, send moving and welding when filling up arc crater and removing welding slag when finishing of welding wire, electric arc to, also have the function of sending metal dust to.Described here also have a function of sending metal dust to, is to realize by a supporting powder feeder on the basis of common submerged-arc welding equipment.

Be to use one embodiment of the present of invention below.Under the use material condition of a following technological parameter and table 1 corresponding requirements, draw the technical data of table 2: 1, electric current: 600-620A to table 5; 2, voltage: 28V+ electrode; 3, speed of welding: 320 millimeters/minute; 4, bipolar arc welding is swung between 13 millimeters; 5, solder flux: the matrix of non-alloying (using corresponding OK solder flux 10.61); 6, roller is preheating to about 250 ℃.

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, operation principle of the present invention is: in the whole process of welding, being sent to one or parallel two low alloy steel welding wires 1 by the automatic wire feeding mechanism in the submerged-arc welding equipment when, powder feeder 2 is sent the metal dust 5 of required filling automatically.The meal outlet of powder feeder 2 is facing to low alloy steel welding wire 1, and metal dust 5 sticks on the low alloy steel welding wire 1 when being sent automatically by powder feeder 2 synchronously.Like this, by producing electric arc 4 between low alloy steel welding wire 1 end and the weldment 3, the metal dust 5 that most of heat energy of these electric arcs 4 helps to be annotated fully is melted in layer, because with metal dust 5 and low alloy steel welding wire 1 pairing, so be easy to obtain the layer of required alloy composition, make layer that good immersion coating be arranged.The chemical analysis of this coating draws result as table 3 by test.Just because of sticking on the low alloy steel welding wire 1 and under the effect of electric arc 4 generation electric energy, the metal dust 5 of being annotated is melted in layer fully, obtain goodish fusion thus, so can make welding bead root through welding, once can one deck welding fabrication, even in the time of need taking the welding of layer and multilayer, also can obtain identical alloy composition and guarantee that the layer fine structure is even.The heat overwhelming majority that the present invention produces in weld deposit process absorbs when being melted by metal dust 5, has reduced the dilution rate of mother metal, and the heat-affected zone is little simultaneously.The heat-affected zone that reaches mentioned herein is little, and what be meant the heat-affected zone can not produce heat affecting on every side, the phenomenon that just can not produce cracking and overdo.Metal dust 5 melts in the molten bath with low alloy steel welding wire 1 and produces complete reaction, obtain the layer of required alloy composition, and be issued to than adopting the higher deposition rate of SAW technology in the same process condition, and can make layer thickness can reach 35 millimeter, like this, just can guarantee technically in the middle of welding, the weld defect of crackle, undercut and slag inclusion can not occur.Simultaneously, use the present invention, because can make weldment 3 have higher deposition rate, thus need not open near coal-mine processing to weldment 3, thus the preparation before reducing welding cost and reducing welding.And, about 560 ℃ of weldment 3 stress-relievings by beat treatment.Described deposition rate sees Table 2, and when the amplitude of fluctuation of electric arc 4 increased, deposition rate also can correspondingly improve.From table 4 about the technical performance of the SWP method and the SAW technology " contrast " as seen, the deposition rate that application SWP method is reflected, the technical indicator of layer thickness are all than employing SAW technology height, and these performance datas of its dilution rate and energy consumption all are lower than employing SAW technology.Learn also that from Fig. 3 the Cr of the diverse location of roller is more even consistent with the variation of Ni.By this table as can be known, multilayer welding of the present invention is connected on to analyze under the X-ray microhardness and draws, within its alloy composition and Vickers hardness are all controlled.After correctly evaluate application SWP method is welded, along weldment 3---whether each position chemical analysis that the axle of roller rotates is correct and consistent, and the special detailed data analysis that draws by atomic spectroscopic analysis is shown in Table 5.Learn that from this table except start position Cr and Ni departed from than mean value slightly, the chemical analysis of two rollers was quite even.The numerical value of this table reflects in Fig. 3 simultaneously.Learn by Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 contrast, the fine structure of the layer shown in Figure 6 of application SWP method is more even than the fine structure of the layer shown in Figure 5 that adopts SAW technology, and the fine structure of using the layer that the SWP method is welded to contain ferrite be 5% ∽ 10%, thereby make layer that bigger rigidity is arranged.

The present invention uses parallel mariages respectively according to different welding requirements and adds the submerged-arc welding method of metal dust or the submerged-arc welding method that monofilament adds metal dust.When the welding bead broad, then use the submerged-arc welding method that parallel mariages adds metal dust; When welding bead is narrower, then use the submerged-arc welding method that monofilament adds metal dust.When the welding bead broad, if the submerged-arc welding method that adopts monofilament to add metal dust is welded weldment, in the process of welding, be easier to produce and swing significantly and influence welding quality, so the time adopt parallel mariages to add the welding effect of the submerged-arc welding method of metal dust can be better, also can shorten weld interval.Otherwise, when welding bead is narrower,, will causes the waste of low alloy steel welding wire 1 and increase welding cost if the submerged-arc welding method that adopts parallel mariages to add metal dust is welded weldment 3.

Claims

1, a kind of parallel mariages or monofilament add the submerged-arc welding method of metal dust, single or two continuous casting rollers are carried out the surface sclerosis, by the built-up welding of filling metal dust (5), technology to common submerged-arc welding makes improvements, and on the basis of common submerged-arc welding equipment a supporting wire feeder (2), it is characterized in that: by the wire-feed motor in the submerged-arc welding equipment in one of automatic feed or parallel two low alloy steel welding wires (1), powder feeder (2) is sent the metal dust (5) of required filling automatically and is sticked to (1) on the low alloy steel welding wire synchronously, by producing electric arc (4) between low alloy steel welding wire (1) end and the weldment (3), the electric arc that it produced (4) makes metal dust (5) fully be melted in layer, obtain the layer of required alloy composition thus, described metal dust (5) accounts for 40%～60% of total alloy material of comprising low alloy steel welding wire (1) and metal dust (5).