CN112393890B - Pulling load loading device and method for fatigue test - Google Patents
Pulling load loading device and method for fatigue test Download PDFInfo
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- CN112393890B CN112393890B CN202011309956.1A CN202011309956A CN112393890B CN 112393890 B CN112393890 B CN 112393890B CN 202011309956 A CN202011309956 A CN 202011309956A CN 112393890 B CN112393890 B CN 112393890B
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012812 general test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a tension-compression loading device and a method for fatigue test. The tension-compression loading device for the fatigue test comprises a supporting frame, a tension-compression rod, a base and a planetary gear mechanism arranged on the base, wherein a driving shaft of the planetary gear mechanism is offset relative to a vertical central line of the base; the tension rods positioned on two sides of the planetary gear mechanism are supported by the supporting frame, and the tension rods are connected with the outer ring of the planetary gear mechanism. Compared with the related art, the pull-press loading device for the fatigue test is suitable for simulating and verifying the fatigue test, realizes the fatigue loading of test pieces with different sizes by adopting a similar planetary gear mechanism, and solves the problems that the operation is complex and the loading precision is difficult to ensure in the fatigue process of the test pieces with different space sizes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of general tests, in particular to a tension-compression loading device and a method for fatigue tests.
Background
For the fatigue test of parts, a hydraulic actuator cylinder is generally adopted to load the parts through a motion or a motor is adopted to drive a cam to load the parts. For some parts, the hydraulic actuator cylinder loading test is complex, the cost is high, and a hydraulic oil source and a site are matched. For adopting motor drive cam to change up-and-down motion into side-to-side loading motion, wherein, up-and-down motion needs to design along the slide rail of vertical direction, and side-to-side loading motion needs haulage rope and the diverting pulley that can the transmission load, and this kind of loading mode expense is high, and the precision is not guaranteed well, and stability is not strong.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tension-compression loading device for fatigue test and a method thereof, which have high precision, simple structure, no limit on the size of a test piece and no occupation of too much space.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the tension-compression loading device for the fatigue test comprises a supporting frame, a tension-compression rod, a base and a planetary gear mechanism arranged on the base, wherein a driving shaft of the planetary gear mechanism is offset relative to a vertical central line of the base; the tension rods positioned on two sides of the planetary gear mechanism are supported by the supporting frame, and the tension rods are connected with the outer ring of the planetary gear mechanism.
In the scheme, the planetary gear mechanism with the driving shaft being of the offset structure is designed, and rotation of the planetary gear mechanism is converted into outer linear motion of the tension compression rod, so that reciprocating loading of the fatigue test piece is achieved, loading characteristic test under complex fatigue test working conditions is completed, and test efficiency is greatly improved.
In addition, in all mechanisms for converting rotation into external linear motion, the planetary gear mechanism has high precision, is simple to operate, is convenient to use, does not occupy space, has high applicability and reliability, and therefore, the invention has the innovation point that the planetary gear mechanism with the advantages realizes required functions, thereby solving the problems of complex operation and difficulty in ensuring loading precision in the fatigue process of test pieces with different space sizes.
Preferably, the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear ring, a driving gear, two pinions and a big gear, wherein the driving gear, the pinions and the big gear are meshed with the inner teeth of the gear ring; the driving gear is provided with the driving shaft; the two pinion gears are meshed with the driving gear, the large gear is meshed with the two pinion gears at the same time, and the outer ring of the gear ring is connected with the pulling compression bar.
The specific structure in the planetary gear mechanism realizes the fatigue loading of test pieces with different sizes through the characteristic of variable transmission ratio, so that the clamping jaw device can simulate different fatigue environments according to different test requirement conditions, thereby improving the test efficiency and greatly saving the test cost.
Preferably, the driving gear is an eccentric gear, an eccentric shaft of the eccentric gear is the driving shaft, a distance L1 is arranged between the driving shaft and the vertical center line, and a distance L2 is arranged between the axial center line of the driving gear and the vertical center line, wherein L1 is smaller than L2. The structural design determines the offset position direction of the driving shaft, and by setting the offset position direction of the driving shaft, the optimal transmission ratio can be obtained, and the reliability loading test can be performed.
Preferably, the gear ring comprises an inner ring, rollers and an outer ring, the inner ring is sleeved in the outer ring, a plurality of rollers are circumferentially arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, and the rollers can enable the inner ring and the outer ring to rotate relatively; the inner ring is provided with inner teeth which are internally meshed with the driving gear, the pinion and the bull gear, and the outer circular surface of the outer ring is fixedly connected with the tension compression bar.
The gear ring is optimized in structure, the adjustment of the transmission ratio is facilitated, and more accurate transmission ratio is obtained according to fatigue loading of test pieces with different sizes.
Preferably, the planetary gear mechanism further comprises a rotating shaft and a roller, wherein the roller is rotatably arranged in the base through the rotating shaft, and the roller is in contact with the outer circular surface of the planetary gear mechanism. The roller is used for supporting the planetary gear mechanism.
Preferably, the rollers are symmetrically arranged relative to the vertical center line.
Preferably, the support frame supports the axial center line of the tension rod at the same height position as the driving shaft. This position can maximize the distance that the tension rod can move linearly.
Preferably, the tension bar is in contact with the support frame through a half bearing shell. Through the semi-axis tile of design, reduce the sliding friction between pulling compression bar and the braced frame.
The invention also provides a pull-ballast loading method for fatigue test, which is carried out by adopting the pull-ballast loading device for fatigue test, and comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting a motor with a driving shaft of the tension-compression loading device for fatigue test, adjusting motor parameters, connecting a tension-compression rod with a fatigue test piece, and starting the motor;
when the offset driving shaft rotates the planetary gear mechanism, the position of the vertical central line of the planetary gear mechanism changes, so that the planetary gear mechanism pushes the pulling compression bar to perform reciprocating linear motion moving left and right;
and thirdly, pushing the fatigue test piece to load in a reciprocating manner by the left-right movement of the tension and compression rod, thereby completing the loading characteristic test of the fatigue test.
Preferably, the parameters of the motor regulation in the first step include an amplitude equal to 2×anda frequency equal to motor rotation speed ω≡360.
Compared with the related art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the fatigue loading device is suitable for simulation and verification of fatigue tests, realizes fatigue loading of test pieces with different sizes by adopting a similar planetary gear mechanism, and solves the problems that the operation is complex and the loading precision is difficult to ensure in the fatigue process of the test pieces with different space sizes;
2. through parameter design, the test device can adapt to various fatigue tests, and the cost is saved;
3. the test device has the characteristics of high reliability, simple operation and small occupied space, greatly improves the test efficiency, and has convenient implementation and wide adaptability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pull-ballast loading device for fatigue test according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a partial structure of the ring gear in fig. 1.
In the accompanying drawings: 1. a gear ring; 2. an eccentric gear; 3. a pinion gear; 4. a large gear; 5. pulling a compression bar; 6. a support frame; 7. a motor; 8. half bearing bush; 9. a rotating shaft; 10. a roller; 11. a base; 1-1 an inner ring of a gear ring; 1-2 rollers; 1-3 outer rings.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" are used hereinafter to denote only the directions corresponding to the upper, lower, left, and right directions of the drawings, and do not limit the structure.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the pull-load loading device for fatigue test provided in this embodiment includes a support frame 6, a pull-compression rod 5, a motor 7, a base 11, and a planetary gear mechanism mounted on the base 11.
The planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear ring 1, a driving gear 2, two pinion gears 3 and a large gear 4, wherein the driving gear 2, the pinion gears 3 and the large gear 4 are meshed with the inner teeth of the gear ring 1. Both pinion gears 3 mesh with the drive gear 2, and the large gear 4 meshes with both pinion gears 3 simultaneously.
The driving gear 2 is an eccentric wheel in this embodiment, and the driving shaft M is disposed on the driving gear 2. The drive shaft M is offset with respect to the vertical centre line H of said base 11. The direction of the bias is: the distance L1 is reserved between the driving shaft M and the vertical center line H, and the distance L2 is reserved between the axial center line of the driving gear 2 and the vertical center line H, wherein L1 is smaller than L2.
The tension rods 5 positioned on two sides of the planetary gear mechanism are supported by the supporting frame 6, and the axial center line of the tension rods 5 and the driving shaft M are positioned at the same height position. The tension and compression rod 5 is fixedly connected with the outer circular surface of the gear ring 1 of the planetary gear mechanism.
Two rotating shafts 9 are supported in the base 11, and each rotating shaft 9 is sleeved with a roller 10. The rollers 10 are in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the gear ring 1, and the two rollers 10 are symmetrically arranged relative to the vertical center line H. The roller 10 is used for supporting the planetary gear mechanism and rotates together with the gear ring 1.
By utilizing the variable transmission ratio characteristic of the star gear mechanism, the fatigue loading of test pieces with different sizes is realized, the test efficiency is improved, and the test cost is greatly saved.
As shown in fig. 3, the tension strut 5 is in contact with the support frame 6 via a half bearing shell 8. The drive shaft M is connected to the output shaft of the motor 7. The eccentric wheel is driven by the motor 7, so that the gear ring 1 drives the fixedly connected tension-compression rod 5 to move left and right, the rotation is converted into external linear motion, the tension-compression rod 5 drives the fatigue test piece to reciprocate for loading, and the loading characteristic test under the complex fatigue test working condition is completed.
As shown in fig. 4, the gear ring 1 includes an inner ring 1-1, rollers 1-2 and an outer ring 1-3, the inner ring 1-1 is sleeved in the outer ring 1-3, a plurality of rollers 1-2 are circumferentially arranged between the inner ring 1-1 and the outer ring 1-3, and the rollers 1-2 enable the inner ring 1-1 and the outer ring 1-3 to rotate relatively; the inner ring 1-1 is provided with inner teeth which are internally meshed with the driving gear 2, the small gear 3 and the large gear 4, and the outer circular surface of the outer ring 1-3 is fixedly connected with the tension-compression bar 5.
The invention also provides a pull-ballast loading method for fatigue test, which is carried out by adopting the pull-ballast loading device for fatigue test, and comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting a motor with a driving shaft of the tension-compression loading device for fatigue test, adjusting motor parameters, connecting a tension-compression rod with a fatigue test piece, and starting the motor.
Parameters of the regulating motor include amplitude equal to 2× (L2-L1), i.e. twice the eccentricity, and frequency equal to motor speed ω/360.
And step two, when the offset driving shaft enables the planetary gear mechanism to rotate, the position of the vertical central line of the planetary gear mechanism changes, so that the planetary gear mechanism pushes the pulling compression bar to perform reciprocating linear motion moving left and right.
And thirdly, pushing the fatigue test piece to load in a reciprocating manner by the left-right movement of the tension and compression rod, thereby completing the loading characteristic test of the fatigue test.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A tension-compression loading device for fatigue test, characterized by comprising a supporting frame (6), a tension-compression rod (5), a base (11) and a planetary gear mechanism arranged on the base (11), wherein a driving shaft (M) of the planetary gear mechanism is offset relative to a vertical central line (H) of the base (11); the tension rods (5) positioned at two sides of the planetary gear mechanism are supported by the supporting frame (6), and the tension rods (5) are connected with the outer ring of the planetary gear mechanism;
the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear ring (1), a driving gear (2), two pinions (3) and a large gear (4), wherein the driving gear (2), the pinions (3) and the large gear (4) are meshed with the inner teeth of the gear ring (1); the driving gear (2) is provided with the driving shaft (M); the two pinions (3) are meshed with the driving gear (2), the large gear (4) is meshed with the two pinions (3) at the same time, and the outer ring of the gear ring (1) is connected with the tension compression bar (5);
the gear ring (1) comprises an inner ring (1-1), rollers (1-2) and an outer ring (1-3), wherein the inner ring (1-1) is sleeved in the outer ring (1-3), a plurality of rollers (1-2) are circumferentially arranged between the inner ring (1-1) and the outer ring (1-3), and the rollers (1-2) can enable the inner ring (1-1) and the outer ring (1-3) to rotate relatively; internal teeth which are internally meshed with the driving gear (2), the pinion (3) and the large gear (4) are arranged on the inner ring (1-1), and the outer circular surface of the outer ring (1-3) is fixedly connected with the tension compression bar (5).
2. Pull-up load loading device for fatigue test according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving gear (2) is an eccentric gear, the eccentric shaft of which is the driving shaft (M), a distance L1 is provided between the driving shaft (M) and the vertical centre line (H), a distance L2 is provided between the axial centre line of the driving gear (2) and the vertical centre line (H), L1 < L2.
3. Pull-up load loading device for fatigue testing according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a spindle (9) and a roller (10), the roller (10) being rotatably mounted in the base (11) by means of the spindle (9), and the roller (10) being in contact with the outer ring of the planetary gear mechanism.
4. A pull-on load loading device for fatigue testing according to claim 3, wherein the rollers (10) are symmetrically arranged with respect to a vertical centre line (H) with two.
5. Pull-pressure loading device for fatigue testing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the support frame (6) supports the axial centre line of the pull-pressure rod (5) at the same height as the drive shaft (M).
6. Pull-pressure loading device for fatigue testing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pull-pressure lever (5) is in contact with the support frame (6) via a half bearing shell (8).
7. A pull-up loading method for fatigue test, using the pull-up loading device for fatigue test according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
step one, connecting a motor with a driving shaft of the tension-compression loading device for fatigue test, adjusting motor parameters, connecting a tension-compression rod with a fatigue test piece, and starting the motor;
when the offset driving shaft rotates the planetary gear mechanism, the position of the vertical central line of the planetary gear mechanism changes, so that the planetary gear mechanism pushes the pulling compression bar to perform reciprocating linear motion moving left and right;
and thirdly, pushing the fatigue test piece to load in a reciprocating manner by the left-right movement of the tension and compression rod, thereby completing the loading characteristic test of the fatigue test.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the parameters of the motor in step one include amplitude and frequency, the amplitude being equal to 2× (L2-L1), the frequency being equal to motor speed ω/360.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011309956.1A CN112393890B (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Pulling load loading device and method for fatigue test |
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| CN202011309956.1A CN112393890B (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Pulling load loading device and method for fatigue test |
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| CN112393890A CN112393890A (en) | 2021-02-23 |
| CN112393890B true CN112393890B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105605166A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-05-25 | 山东大学 | Mechanical-electrical integration stepless speed change device |
| CN106442181A (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2017-02-22 | 天津大学 | Fatigue test device for marine riser external corrosion |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1162691A (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 1997-10-22 | 任孝忠 | Piston power machine with variable compression ratio drived by eccentric gear assembly |
| JP4270887B2 (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2009-06-03 | 株式会社マキタ | Electric reciprocating tool |
| JP4527468B2 (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2010-08-18 | 株式会社マキタ | Electric tool |
| JP2011174408A (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-09-08 | Jtekt Corp | Internal combustion engine and rolling bearing |
| CN209416689U (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-09-20 | 长春一汽四环汽车通用件有限公司 | A fatigue test bench for a stabilizer bar bracket for a truck |
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- 2020-11-20 CN CN202011309956.1A patent/CN112393890B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105605166A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-05-25 | 山东大学 | Mechanical-electrical integration stepless speed change device |
| CN106442181A (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2017-02-22 | 天津大学 | Fatigue test device for marine riser external corrosion |
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