CN116996081B - In-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit - Google Patents
In-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本公开提供一种带内干扰抑制唤醒接收机射频电路,包括:基于第一谐振器的滤波匹配网络,基于第二谐振器的滤波自混频器。滤波匹配网络与天线相连,用于提供低于4%的相对分数带宽的单一射频通带;滤波自混频器与所述滤波匹配网络相连,用于提供谐振频率以及反谐振频率的差分输出;其中,通过改变滤波匹配网络中第一谐振器的阻抗以实现在所述滤波自混频器的谐振频率及反谐振频率与所述滤波自混频器分别匹配。
The present disclosure provides an in-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit, which includes: a filter matching network based on a first resonator, and a filter self-mixer based on the second resonator. The filter matching network is connected to the antenna and is used to provide a single radio frequency passband with a relative fractional bandwidth of less than 4%; the filter self-mixer is connected to the filter matching network and is used to provide differential output of the resonant frequency and the anti-resonant frequency; Wherein, by changing the impedance of the first resonator in the filter matching network, the resonant frequency and the anti-resonant frequency of the filtered self-mixer are respectively matched with the filtered self-mixer.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本公开涉及射频无线通信技术领域,尤其涉及一种极窄通带带内干扰抑制唤醒接收机射频电路。The present disclosure relates to the field of radio frequency wireless communication technology, and in particular to an extremely narrow passband in-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit.
背景技术Background technique
唤醒接收机能够以极低的功耗监听信道,当唤醒接收机接收到唤醒信号时唤醒主接收机,从而可以降低无线通信系统的待机功耗。随着无线通信技术的发展,唤醒接收机需求更低的功耗,更高的灵敏度以及更高的抗干扰能力。The wake-up receiver can monitor the channel with extremely low power consumption. When the wake-up receiver receives the wake-up signal, it wakes up the main receiver, thereby reducing the standby power consumption of the wireless communication system. With the development of wireless communication technology, wake-up receivers require lower power consumption, higher sensitivity and higher anti-interference capabilities.
为了消除振荡器引入的高功耗(>20微瓦),低功耗唤醒接收机常采用自混频架构来对射频信号下变频,从而使系统功耗降至微瓦以下。传统的自混频器由于输出信号的同向性,因此难以抑制射频通带内的干扰信号,这限制了唤醒接收机的灵敏度以及唤醒距离。在之前的专利中,提出过一种具有基于MEMS滤波匹配网络以及MEMS滤波自混频器的射频电路架构,可以有效抑制由于射频通带内干扰信号自混频产生的基带干扰信号。但对谐振器的精度要求很高,较难实现。同时其射频通带带宽相对较宽,射频通带内存在干扰的概率仍较高。In order to eliminate the high power consumption (>20 microwatts) introduced by the oscillator, low-power wake-up receivers often use a self-mixing architecture to down-convert the RF signal, thereby reducing the system power consumption to less than microwatts. Due to the isotropic nature of the output signal, traditional self-mixers are difficult to suppress interference signals within the RF passband, which limits the sensitivity of the wake-up receiver and the wake-up distance. In a previous patent, a radio frequency circuit architecture based on a MEMS filter matching network and a MEMS filter self-mixer was proposed, which can effectively suppress baseband interference signals generated by self-mixing of interference signals in the radio frequency passband. However, the precision requirements for the resonator are very high and difficult to achieve. At the same time, its radio frequency passband bandwidth is relatively wide, and the probability of interference within the radio frequency passband is still high.
发明内容Contents of the invention
基于上述问题,本公开提供了一种带内干扰抑制唤醒接收机射频电路,以缓解现有技术中的上述技术问题,为了提升唤醒接收机的抗干扰能力,同时优化系统的可行性,可以在降低射频通带带宽的同时,降低对其制造精度的需求,提升谐振器模组的可行性。Based on the above problems, the present disclosure provides an in-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit to alleviate the above-mentioned technical problems in the existing technology. In order to improve the anti-interference ability of the wake-up receiver and optimize the feasibility of the system, it can be While reducing the radio frequency passband bandwidth, it also reduces the demand for its manufacturing accuracy and improves the feasibility of the resonator module.
(一)技术方案(1) Technical solutions
本公开提供一种带内干扰抑制唤醒接收机射频电路,包括:基于第一谐振器的滤波匹配网络,基于第二谐振器的滤波自混频器。滤波匹配网络与天线相连,用于提供低于4%的相对分数带宽的单一射频通带;滤波自混频器与所述滤波匹配网络相连,用于提供谐振频率以及反谐振频率的差分输出;其中,通过改变滤波匹配网络中第一谐振器的阻抗以实现在所述滤波自混频器的谐振频率及反谐振频率与所述滤波自混频器分别匹配。The present disclosure provides an in-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit, which includes: a filter matching network based on a first resonator, and a filter self-mixer based on the second resonator. The filter matching network is connected to the antenna and is used to provide a single radio frequency passband with a relative fractional bandwidth of less than 4%; the filter self-mixer is connected to the filter matching network and is used to provide differential output of the resonant frequency and the anti-resonant frequency; Wherein, by changing the impedance of the first resonator in the filter matching network, the resonant frequency and the anti-resonant frequency of the filtered self-mixer are respectively matched with the filtered self-mixer.
根据本公开实施例,最佳匹配频率为唤醒第二谐振器的一个谐振峰的谐振频率以及另一个谐振峰的反谐振频率;在谐振频率及反谐振频率的自混频系数大小相同,方向相反。According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the best matching frequency is the resonant frequency of one resonant peak of the awakened second resonator and the anti-resonant frequency of another resonant peak; the self-mixing coefficients at the resonant frequency and the anti-resonant frequency are the same in size and in opposite directions. .
根据本公开实施例,滤波自混频器能够提供多个等频距、带宽小于500kHz的极窄带的谐振峰。According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the filtered self-mixer can provide a plurality of extremely narrowband resonant peaks with equal frequency intervals and a bandwidth of less than 500 kHz.
根据本公开实施例,通过调整第二谐振器的压电薄膜及衬底厚度,可以使第二谐振器在一个谐振峰的谐振频率及另一个谐振峰的反谐振频率均与滤波匹配网络相匹配,从而使唤醒接收机射频电路实现对于两个不同频带输入信号的差分输出。According to embodiments of the present disclosure, by adjusting the thickness of the piezoelectric film and substrate of the second resonator, the resonant frequency of the second resonator at one resonant peak and the anti-resonant frequency of the other resonant peak can be matched with the filter matching network. , thereby enabling the wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit to achieve differential output for two input signals in different frequency bands.
根据本公开实施例,第一谐振器选自薄膜体声波谐振器,横向振动压电谐振器,体声波谐振器,声表面波谐振器,兰姆波谐振器,剪切压电谐振器,石英晶体谐振器,空心盘型谐振器,FINBAR谐振器。According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first resonator is selected from the group consisting of a thin film bulk acoustic resonator, a transverse vibration piezoelectric resonator, a bulk acoustic wave resonator, a surface acoustic wave resonator, a Lamb wave resonator, a shear piezoelectric resonator, and quartz Crystal resonator, hollow disk resonator, FINBAR resonator.
根据本公开实施例,第二谐振器选自高次谐波体声波谐振器、单晶压电薄膜谐振器、横向过模体声波谐振器、绝缘体上压电薄膜谐振器。According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second resonator is selected from the group consisting of a high-order harmonic bulk acoustic resonator, a single crystal piezoelectric film resonator, a transverse over-mode bulk acoustic resonator, and a piezoelectric film on insulator resonator.
根据本公开实施例,带内干扰抑制唤醒接收机射频电路还包括LNA模块,插入于所述滤波匹配网络的前级或后级以提升系统的灵敏度。According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the in-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit also includes an LNA module, which is inserted into the front or rear stages of the filter matching network to improve the sensitivity of the system.
根据本公开实施例,滤波自混频器中的CMOS晶体管设置形式选自单级结构形式,多级级联结构形式或伪差分形式的多级级联结构形式。According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the arrangement form of the CMOS transistor in the filtered self-mixer is selected from a single-stage structure form, a multi-stage cascade structure form or a pseudo-differential form multi-stage cascade structure form.
根据本公开实施例,滤波自混频器中的CMOS晶体管使用栅压偏置电路提供栅极直流偏置电压,或由漏极或源极来提供直流偏置电压。According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the CMOS transistor in the filtered self-mixer uses a gate voltage bias circuit to provide a gate DC bias voltage, or a drain or source to provide a DC bias voltage.
根据本公开实施例,基于第一谐振器和所述第二谐振器的机电耦合系数值为非固定值。According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the electromechanical coupling coefficient value based on the first resonator and the second resonator is a non-fixed value.
(二)有益效果(2) Beneficial effects
从上述技术方案可以看出,本公开带内干扰抑制唤醒接收机射频电路至少具有以下有益效果其中之一或其中一部分:It can be seen from the above technical solution that the in-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit of the present disclosure has at least one or part of the following beneficial effects:
(1)使用基于微机电谐振器的滤波匹配网络与基于高次谐波谐振器的滤波自混频器级联,利用谐振器阻抗的变化,实现了两个射频通带信号的反向输出。通过采用高次谐波谐振器作为第二谐振器,使得两个谐振器地机电耦合系数可以不成特定比例。大大降低了系统对于制造精度的要求,降低了设计复杂度,提升了可行性。(1) Using a filter matching network based on a microelectromechanical resonator and a filter self-mixer based on a high-order harmonic resonator in cascade, the reverse output of two radio frequency passband signals is achieved by using the change in the resonator impedance. By using a high-order harmonic resonator as the second resonator, the electromechanical coupling coefficients of the two resonators may not be in a specific ratio. It greatly reduces the system's requirements for manufacturing accuracy, reduces design complexity, and improves feasibility.
(2)使用高次谐波谐振器作为第二谐振器,得益于第二谐振器极高的Q值,使得系统的射频通带带宽大幅降低,进一步地提升了系统地抗干扰能力。(2) Using a high-order harmonic resonator as the second resonator, thanks to the extremely high Q value of the second resonator, the RF passband bandwidth of the system is greatly reduced, further improving the system's anti-interference capability.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本公开实施例的唤醒接收机射频电路的示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
图2为本公开实施例的滤波自混频器的电路组成示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit composition of a filtered self-mixer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本公开提供了一种带内干扰抑制唤醒接收机射频电路,主要包括以第一射频微机电谐振器为核心元件的滤波匹配网络,以及基于第二微机电谐振器的滤波自混频器。根据功耗预算及灵敏度的需求可选择是否引入射频低噪声放大器(LNA)。其中,第一谐振器可采用FBAR(薄膜体声波谐振器)等射频微机电谐振器,基于其较高的FoM值(>100),及大于1000的Q值,使滤波匹配网络具备较高的灵敏度并可使单个频带的相对分数带宽低于4%。为了实现信号的差分输出,滤波匹配电路可以在第二谐振器的谐振频率以及反谐振频率与滤波自混频器匹配。The present disclosure provides an in-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit, which mainly includes a filter matching network with a first radio frequency microelectromechanical resonator as a core component, and a filtered self-mixer based on the second microelectromechanical resonator. Depending on the power budget and sensitivity requirements, you can choose whether to introduce a radio frequency low-noise amplifier (LNA). Among them, the first resonator can be a radio frequency micro-electromechanical resonator such as FBAR (Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator). Based on its high FoM value (>100) and Q value greater than 1000, the filter matching network has a high sensitivity and enables the relative fractional bandwidth of a single frequency band to be less than 4%. In order to achieve differential output of the signal, the filter matching circuit can match the filter self-mixer at the resonant frequency and anti-resonant frequency of the second resonator.
现有的带内干扰抑制唤醒接收机射频电路结构,包含滤波匹配电路,滤波自混频器,根据功耗预算及灵敏度的需求可选择是否引入射频低噪声放大器(LNA)。利用差分输出自混频器中在其中射频谐振器谐振频率以及反谐振频率的差分输出特性,以及滤波匹配网络中射频谐振器的相应阻抗变化,实现了在第二谐振器的谐振频率以及反谐振频率的分别匹配,以及两个频带信号的差分输出。为了实现良好的干扰信号抵消,射频电路需要在两个频率的自混频系数大小相同,方向相反。这需求两个谐振器的机电耦合系数、谐振频率、耦合电容的精度很高,也就对器件的加工精度,薄膜质量,封装精度都提出了很高的要求。使得此种射频电路的实现较为困难。另一方面,由于两个谐振器都需要较高的机电耦合系数(>1%),因此无法采用具有极高Q值(>5000)的谐振器,所以系统的Q值受限,难以实现极窄的射频通带带宽(<0.1%)。The existing in-band interference suppression wake-up receiver RF circuit structure includes a filter matching circuit and a filter self-mixer. Depending on the power budget and sensitivity requirements, you can choose whether to introduce a RF low-noise amplifier (LNA). By utilizing the differential output characteristics of the differential output self-mixer at the resonant frequency and anti-resonant frequency of the RF resonator, and the corresponding impedance changes of the RF resonator in the filter matching network, the resonant frequency and anti-resonance of the second resonator are achieved. Separate matching of frequencies, and differential output of two frequency band signals. In order to achieve good interference signal cancellation, the radio frequency circuit needs the self-mixing coefficients at the two frequencies to be the same size and in opposite directions. This requires high accuracy in the electromechanical coupling coefficient, resonant frequency, and coupling capacitance of the two resonators, which also places high requirements on the processing accuracy, film quality, and packaging accuracy of the device. This makes the implementation of such radio frequency circuits more difficult. On the other hand, since both resonators require high electromechanical coupling coefficients (>1%), resonators with extremely high Q values (>5000) cannot be used, so the Q value of the system is limited and it is difficult to achieve extremely high Q values. Narrow RF passband bandwidth (<0.1%).
不同于已有的结构,本公开的带内干扰抑制唤醒接收机射频电路中第二谐振器采用高次谐波谐振器,与普通的谐振器不同,高次谐波谐振器具有多个等频距(约为10MHz)、极窄带(<500kHz)的谐振峰,其谐振峰的间隔取决于单晶衬底或绝缘体的几何尺寸。由于第二谐振器具有多个谐振峰,因此只需调整其压电薄膜以及衬底的厚度,就可使其在一个谐振峰的谐振频率及另一个谐振峰的反谐振频率均与滤波匹配网络相匹配,从而使电路实现对于两个不同频带输入信号的差分输出。Different from the existing structure, the second resonator in the in-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit of the present disclosure adopts a high-order harmonic resonator. Unlike ordinary resonators, the high-order harmonic resonator has multiple equal frequencies. (about 10MHz), extremely narrow band (<500kHz) resonance peak, the interval of the resonance peak depends on the geometric size of the single crystal substrate or insulator. Since the second resonator has multiple resonant peaks, you only need to adjust the thickness of its piezoelectric film and substrate so that the resonant frequency of one resonant peak and the anti-resonant frequency of the other resonant peak are consistent with the filter matching network. Matching, so that the circuit can achieve differential output for two different frequency band input signals.
由于工作频率属于第二谐振器的两个不同谐振峰,且两个谐振峰极窄,因此两个工作频率的频率差主要由第二谐振器的谐振峰频率间隔所决定,这可以通过调整衬底的厚度来精确调整。因此此结构并不需求两个谐振器的机电耦合系数之比为一固定值,这一方面降低了对谐振器制造及封装精度的需求,提升了电路的可行性;另一方面,可以扩大第一谐振器和第二谐振器的选择范围,使得设计者可以选用性能更为优越的器件来设计电路。Since the operating frequency belongs to two different resonant peaks of the second resonator, and the two resonant peaks are extremely narrow, the frequency difference between the two operating frequencies is mainly determined by the frequency interval of the resonant peaks of the second resonator, which can be adjusted by adjusting the lining The thickness of the bottom can be precisely adjusted. Therefore, this structure does not require the ratio of the electromechanical coupling coefficients of the two resonators to be a fixed value. This reduces the demand for resonator manufacturing and packaging accuracy and improves the feasibility of the circuit. On the other hand, it can expand the The selection range of the first resonator and the second resonator allows designers to select devices with better performance to design circuits.
此外,由于高次谐波谐振器具有极高的Q值,因此可将单个频带的射频通带带宽降至0.1%以下,这降低了干扰信号进入电路射频通带地概率,进一步地优化了系统地抗干扰能力。In addition, because the high-order harmonic resonator has an extremely high Q value, the RF passband bandwidth of a single frequency band can be reduced to less than 0.1%, which reduces the probability of interference signals entering the RF passband of the circuit and further optimizes the system. Ground anti-interference ability.
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,并参照附图,对本公开进一步详细说明。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clear, the present disclosure will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
在本公开实施例中,提供一种带内干扰抑制唤醒接收机射频电路,结合图1和图2所示,所述唤醒接收机射频电路,包括:In an embodiment of the present disclosure, an in-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit is provided. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit includes:
基于第一谐振器的滤波匹配网络,与天线相连,用于提供低于4%的相对分数带宽的单一射频通带;A filter matching network based on the first resonator, connected to the antenna, for providing a single radio frequency passband with a relative fractional bandwidth of less than 4%;
基于第二谐振器的滤波自混频器,与所述滤波匹配网络相连,用于提供谐振频率以及反谐振频率的差分输出;A filtered self-mixer based on the second resonator is connected to the filter matching network and used to provide differential outputs of the resonant frequency and the anti-resonant frequency;
其中,通过改变滤波匹配网络中第一谐振器的阻抗以实现在所述滤波自混频器的谐振频率及反谐振频率与所述滤波自混频器分别匹配。Wherein, by changing the impedance of the first resonator in the filter matching network, the resonant frequency and the anti-resonant frequency of the filtered self-mixer are respectively matched with the filtered self-mixer.
根据本公开实施例,滤波匹配网络的结构为基于微机电谐振器的变压器型匹配网络,也可采用其他结构的匹配网络;也可采用基于片外高Q值电感的匹配网络与基于微机电谐振器的窄带滤波器级联的结构。滤波匹配网络的拓扑结构包括单不限于:基于谐振器的变压器型匹配网络,基于谐振器的L型匹配网络,基于谐振器的T型匹配网络,基于谐振器的π型匹配网络,基于电感的匹配网络与基于谐振器的窄带滤波器级联等。滤波匹配网络为采用的匹配元件为第一谐振器,本例中为薄膜提声波谐振器(FBAR),也可采用其他类型的谐振器包括但不限于:横向振动压电谐振器,体声波谐振器,声表面波谐振器,兰姆波谐振器,剪切压电谐振器,石英晶体谐振器等。According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the structure of the filter matching network is a transformer-type matching network based on a microelectromechanical resonator, and other structures of matching networks can also be used; a matching network based on an off-chip high-Q value inductor and a matching network based on microelectromechanical resonance can also be used. The structure of narrowband filter cascade. The topology of the filter matching network includes but is not limited to: resonator-based transformer-type matching network, resonator-based L-type matching network, resonator-based T-type matching network, resonator-based π-type matching network, inductor-based Matching networks cascaded with resonator-based narrowband filters, etc. The matching element used in the filter matching network is the first resonator, which in this case is a thin film acoustic wave resonator (FBAR). Other types of resonators can also be used, including but not limited to: transverse vibration piezoelectric resonators, bulk acoustic wave resonance resonator, surface acoustic wave resonator, Lamb wave resonator, shear piezoelectric resonator, quartz crystal resonator, etc.
在本公开实施例中,如图2所示,滤波自混频器包括:输入信号端IN,能量探测电路单元10,偏置电压单元,耦合支路单元,微机电谐振器支路。输入信号端IN用于接收唤醒信号及干扰信号作为输入信号;能量探测电路单元10包括至少一个CMOS管,优选为30至50个CMOS管,图2中为四个CMOS管,分别为依次相连的N型CMOS管11、P型CMOS管12、N型CMOS管13、以及P型CMOS管14四个CMOS管。能量探测电路单元10用于通过CMOS管的二次效应对输入信号进行混频并输出基带信号;偏置电压单元用于提供CMOS管的栅压以调整CMOS管的沟道阻抗;耦合支路单元设置于所述输入信号端和能量探测电路单元之间,将所述输入信号耦合至能量探测电路单元中的CMOS管的漏极或源极,如图2中所示,通过耦合电容C1和耦合电容C2分别将输入信号耦合至四个CMOS管的漏极;微机电谐振器支路设置于所述输入信号端IN和偏置电压单元、能量探测电路单元10之间,能够在不同的频率下输出不同的栅极信号以调整二次效应,实现对输入信号中干扰信号的滤除。在信号输出端OUT和N型CMOS管11的源极之间还连接有耦合电容CC并接地,N型CMOS管11和P型CMOS管12的源极连接有耦合电容CC并接地。P型CMOS管14的源极连接有共模电平VC。In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in Figure 2, the filtered self-mixer includes: an input signal terminal IN, an energy detection circuit unit 10, a bias voltage unit, a coupling branch unit, and a microelectromechanical resonator branch. The input signal terminal IN is used to receive wake-up signals and interference signals as input signals; the energy detection circuit unit 10 includes at least one CMOS tube, preferably 30 to 50 CMOS tubes. In Figure 2, there are four CMOS tubes, which are connected in sequence. There are four CMOS tubes: N-type CMOS tube 11, P-type CMOS tube 12, N-type CMOS tube 13, and P-type CMOS tube 14. The energy detection circuit unit 10 is used to mix the input signal and output a baseband signal through the secondary effect of the CMOS tube; the bias voltage unit is used to provide the gate voltage of the CMOS tube to adjust the channel impedance of the CMOS tube; the coupling branch unit Disposed between the input signal terminal and the energy detection circuit unit, the input signal is coupled to the drain or source of the CMOS tube in the energy detection circuit unit, as shown in Figure 2, through the coupling capacitor C1 and the coupling The capacitor C2 couples the input signal to the drains of the four CMOS tubes respectively; the microelectromechanical resonator branch is provided between the input signal terminal IN and the bias voltage unit and the energy detection circuit unit 10, which can operate at different frequencies. Output different gate signals to adjust the secondary effect and filter out interference signals in the input signal. A coupling capacitor C C is also connected between the signal output terminal OUT and the source of the N-type CMOS transistor 11 and is grounded. The sources of the N-type CMOS transistor 11 and the P-type CMOS transistor 12 are connected with a coupling capacitor C C and are grounded. The source of the P-type CMOS transistor 14 is connected to the common mode level VC.
根据本公开实施例,能量探测电路为三极管型能量探测电路,能量探测电路单元中的CMOS管选自N型CMOS管和P型CMOS管;能量探测电路单元中的CMOS管设置形式包括单级形式,多级级联形式或伪差分形式的多级级联形式。当同时存在N型CMOS管和P型CMOS管时,N型CMOS管和P型CMOS管交替连接,例如N-P-N-P或P-N-P-N等连接形式。According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy detection circuit is a triode energy detection circuit, and the CMOS tube in the energy detection circuit unit is selected from N-type CMOS tubes and P-type CMOS tubes; the arrangement form of the CMOS tube in the energy detection circuit unit includes a single-stage form , a multi-stage cascade form or a pseudo-differential form. When N-type CMOS tubes and P-type CMOS tubes exist at the same time, N-type CMOS tubes and P-type CMOS tubes are alternately connected, such as N-P-N-P or P-N-P-N.
根据本公开实施例,偏置电压单元包括至少一条偏置电压支路,每条所述偏置电压支路包括依次相连的偏置电压源和偏置电阻。如图2所示,偏置电压单元包括两条偏置电压支路,分别为向两个N型CMOS管11、N型CMOS管13提供栅压的偏置电压源VGN及与偏置电压源VGN相连的偏置电阻RB1;以及向两个P型CMOS管12、P型CMOS管14提供栅压的偏置电压源VGP及与偏置电压源VGP相连的偏置电阻RB2。According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the bias voltage unit includes at least one bias voltage branch, and each of the bias voltage branches includes a bias voltage source and a bias resistor connected in sequence. As shown in Figure 2, the bias voltage unit includes two bias voltage branches, which are the bias voltage source V GN that provides gate voltages to the two N-type CMOS transistors 11 and N-type CMOS transistors 13 and the bias voltage source V GN . a bias resistor R B1 connected to the source V GN ; a bias voltage source V GP that provides a gate voltage to the two P-type CMOS transistors 12 and 14 and a bias resistor R connected to the bias voltage source V GP B2 .
根据本公开实施例,耦合支路单元包括至少一条耦合支路,每条耦合支路包括与输入信号端相连的耦合电容,所述耦合电容连接至对应的CMOS管的漏极或源极。如图2所示,耦合支路单元包括两条耦合支路,其中一条耦合支路一端连接至输入信号端IN,另一端通过耦合电容C1连接至N型CMOS管11和P型CMOS管12的漏极;另一条耦合支路一端连接至输入信号端IN,另一端通过耦合电容C2连接至N型CMOS管13和P型CMOS管14的漏极。According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the coupling branch unit includes at least one coupling branch, and each coupling branch includes a coupling capacitor connected to the input signal terminal, and the coupling capacitor is connected to the drain or source of the corresponding CMOS tube. As shown in Figure 2, the coupling branch unit includes two coupling branches, one end of which is connected to the input signal terminal IN, and the other end is connected to the N-type CMOS transistor 11 and the P-type CMOS transistor 12 through the coupling capacitor C1. drain; one end of the other coupling branch is connected to the input signal terminal IN, and the other end is connected to the drains of the N-type CMOS tube 13 and the P-type CMOS tube 14 through the coupling capacitor C2.
根据本公开实施例,微机电谐振器支路包括微机电谐振器21,隔直电容22。微机电谐振器21的一端连接至输入信号端IN,另一端连接至CMOS管的栅极,如图2中所示,微机电谐振器21的另一端连接至N型CMOS管11、N型CMOS管13的栅极;隔直电容22一端与微机电谐振器21相连,两一端连接至CMOS管的栅极,用于隔离CMOS管的直流电平。如图2中所示,隔直电容22的另一端连接至P型CMOS管12,P型CMOS管14的栅极。According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the microelectromechanical resonator branch includes a microelectromechanical resonator 21 and a DC blocking capacitor 22 . One end of the microelectromechanical resonator 21 is connected to the input signal terminal IN, and the other end is connected to the gate of the CMOS tube. As shown in Figure 2, the other end of the microelectromechanical resonator 21 is connected to the N-type CMOS tube 11 and the N-type CMOS tube. The gate of the tube 13; one end of the DC blocking capacitor 22 is connected to the microelectromechanical resonator 21, and both ends are connected to the gate of the CMOS tube for isolating the DC level of the CMOS tube. As shown in FIG. 2 , the other end of the DC blocking capacitor 22 is connected to the P-type CMOS transistor 12 and the gate of the P-type CMOS transistor 14 .
根据本公开实施例,当输入信号中的干扰信号频率远离,微机电谐振器21的反谐振频率时,微机电谐振器21相当于一个等效电容,通过调整谐振器的几何结构调整等效电容的容值,以调整耦合到CMOS管栅极的栅极信号的大小,使晶体管的栅极与漏极或漏极的二次效应相互抵消,从而不输出基带信号。According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the interference signal frequency in the input signal is far away from the anti-resonant frequency of the microelectromechanical resonator 21, the microelectromechanical resonator 21 is equivalent to an equivalent capacitance, and the equivalent capacitance is adjusted by adjusting the geometric structure of the resonator. The capacitance value is used to adjust the size of the gate signal coupled to the gate of the CMOS transistor, so that the gate and drain of the transistor or the secondary effects of the drain cancel each other, so that no baseband signal is output.
根据本公开实施例,偏置电压源(VGN、VGP)可以通过栅压偏置电路提供栅极直流偏置电压,或通过晶体管的漏极或源极来提供栅极直流偏置电压。According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the bias voltage source (V GN , V GP ) may provide a gate DC bias voltage through a gate voltage bias circuit, or provide a gate DC bias voltage through a drain or source of a transistor.
如图2所示,滤波自混频器的级数为4级(即级联的CMOS管数量为4),实际使用中可采用其他级数,优选为30级或40级,也可采用伪差分的级联方式)。在CMOS管的栅极和漏极之间引入了一个微机电谐振器21,并通过偏置电阻以及隔直电容来调整晶体管的沟道电阻并隔直。射频微机电谐振器21在反谐振频率附近呈现高阻特性,滤波自混频器等效于传统的自混频器。在反谐振频率以外,微机电谐振器的阻抗减小,这使得自混频器的输入阻抗降低,破坏了与前级的匹配条件,减小了自混频器的输入信号大小。因此,相同大小的输入信号,反谐振频率处的输入产生的输出信号大于其他频率,自混频器实现了滤波作用。由于微机电谐振器在反谐振频率处的Q值较高,因此可获得较低的通带带宽。在远离反谐振频率处,谐振器等效于一个电容,通过调整谐振器的几何结构即可调整此等效电容的容值。通过调整容值,即可调整耦合到CMOS管栅极的信号大小,使晶体管栅极与漏极的二次效应相互抵消,不产生基带的输出信号。因此在远离反谐振频率处的输入信号几乎不产生输出信号。As shown in Figure 2, the number of stages of the filter self-mixer is 4 (that is, the number of cascaded CMOS tubes is 4). In actual use, other stages can be used, preferably 30 or 40, or pseudo Differential cascade method). A microelectromechanical resonator 21 is introduced between the gate and drain of the CMOS tube, and the channel resistance of the transistor is adjusted and DC blocked through a bias resistor and a DC blocking capacitor. The radio frequency microelectromechanical resonator 21 exhibits high resistance characteristics near the antiresonance frequency, and the filtered self-mixer is equivalent to a traditional self-mixer. Outside the anti-resonant frequency, the impedance of the microelectromechanical resonator decreases, which reduces the input impedance of the self-mixer, destroys the matching conditions with the front stage, and reduces the input signal size of the self-mixer. Therefore, for an input signal of the same size, the input at the anti-resonant frequency produces an output signal that is larger than other frequencies, and the self-mixer achieves a filtering effect. Since the MEMS resonator has a higher Q value at the antiresonant frequency, a lower passband bandwidth can be obtained. Far from the anti-resonant frequency, the resonator is equivalent to a capacitor, and the capacitance of this equivalent capacitor can be adjusted by adjusting the geometric structure of the resonator. By adjusting the capacitance value, the size of the signal coupled to the gate of the CMOS transistor can be adjusted so that the secondary effects of the gate and drain of the transistor cancel each other out and no baseband output signal is generated. Therefore an input signal far from the anti-resonant frequency produces almost no output signal.
滤波自混频器使用的谐振器为第二谐振器,本公开优选实施例中为高次谐波体声波谐振器,也可采用其他类型的谐振器包括但不限于:单晶压电薄膜谐振器、横向过模体声波谐振器、绝缘体上压电薄膜谐振器、空心盘型谐振器、FINBAR谐振器。The resonator used in the filtered self-mixer is the second resonator. In the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, it is a high-order harmonic bulk acoustic wave resonator. Other types of resonators may also be used, including but not limited to: single crystal piezoelectric film resonance. resonator, transverse over-mode bulk acoustic resonator, piezoelectric film resonator on insulator, hollow disk resonator, FINBAR resonator.
所述滤波自混频器能够提供多个等频距、带宽小于500kHz的极窄带的谐振峰。通过调整第二谐振器的压电薄膜及衬底厚度,可以使第二谐振器在一个谐振峰的谐振频率及另一个谐振峰的反谐振频率均与滤波匹配网络相匹配,从而使唤醒接收机射频电路实现对于两个不同频带输入信号的差分输出。The filtered self-mixer can provide multiple extremely narrow-band resonant peaks with equal frequency intervals and a bandwidth of less than 500 kHz. By adjusting the thickness of the piezoelectric film and substrate of the second resonator, the resonant frequency of the second resonator at one resonant peak and the anti-resonant frequency at the other resonant peak can be matched with the filter matching network, thereby waking up the receiver. The radio frequency circuit implements differential output for two input signals in different frequency bands.
通过合理地选择第一谐振器的谐振频率、耦合电容大小以及第二谐振器的压电薄膜以及衬底厚度,即可使差分输出滤波自混频在第二谐振器的正反谐振频率的输入阻抗均实现与前级的滤波匹配网络的匹配。调整第二谐振器的尺寸,可提升滤波自混频器对带外信号的抑制。By reasonably selecting the resonant frequency of the first resonator, the size of the coupling capacitor, and the piezoelectric film and substrate thickness of the second resonator, the differential output filter can be self-mixed at the input of the forward and reverse resonant frequencies of the second resonator. The impedance is matched with the filter matching network of the previous stage. Adjusting the size of the second resonator can improve the suppression of out-of-band signals by the filtered self-mixer.
通过设置可以使唤醒接收机具有两个极窄的射频通带,且两个通带的自混频系数大小相同方向相反。通过延长采样周期,即可降低两通带的干扰信号在采样周期内产生的总自混频信号,进而提升对带内干扰信号的抑制能力。By setting, the wake-up receiver can have two extremely narrow radio frequency passbands, and the self-mixing coefficients of the two passbands are the same in magnitude and in opposite directions. By extending the sampling period, the total self-mixing signal generated by the interference signals in the two passbands during the sampling period can be reduced, thereby improving the ability to suppress in-band interference signals.
根据本公开实施例,滤波自混频器在谐振器的串联谐振频率及反谐振频率的自混频转换系数大小相等方向相反。According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the self-mixing conversion coefficients of the filtered self-mixer at the series resonant frequency and the anti-resonant frequency of the resonator are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
最佳匹配频率为唤醒第二谐振器的一个谐振峰的谐振频率以及另一个谐振峰的反谐振频率。The best matching frequency is the resonant frequency of one resonant peak of the awakened second resonator and the anti-resonant frequency of the other resonant peak.
根据本公开实施例,其使用的两个或多个谐振器可选择单片制造,也可选择分别制造。According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the two or more resonators used may be manufactured monolithically or separately.
根据本公开实施例,可通过在两个工作频率交替发射信号实现基带信号的差分输出。因此可以提高射频电路的输出信号幅度,提升系统的灵敏度,提高唤醒接收机的唤醒距离。同时也可以由伪差分或单端输出带来的共模电平偏移等问题,使得基带电路的设计可以简化并降低系统功耗。According to embodiments of the present disclosure, differential output of a baseband signal can be achieved by alternately transmitting signals at two operating frequencies. Therefore, the output signal amplitude of the radio frequency circuit can be increased, the sensitivity of the system can be improved, and the wake-up distance of the wake-up receiver can be increased. At the same time, problems such as common-mode level offset caused by pseudo-differential or single-ended output can simplify the design of baseband circuits and reduce system power consumption.
根据本公开实施例,通过在滤波自混频器中引入极高Q值的高次谐波谐振器,使得系统具有两个极窄的射频通带带宽,降低干扰信号进入系统的概率,提升了系统的抗干扰能力。引入滤波自混频器还可以提升对通带外干扰信号的抑制,进一步提升系统的鲁棒性。According to embodiments of the present disclosure, by introducing a high-Q harmonic resonator with an extremely high Q value into the filtered self-mixer, the system has two extremely narrow radio frequency passband bandwidths, reducing the probability of interference signals entering the system, and improving The anti-interference ability of the system. The introduction of filtered self-mixers can also improve the suppression of interference signals outside the passband, further improving the robustness of the system.
根据本公开实施例,对上述唤醒接收机射频电路进行仿真可知该唤醒接收机射频电路有两个带宽增益近似相等的射频通带,且分别工作在高次谐波体声波谐振器一谐振峰的谐振频率与另一谐振峰的反谐振频率,因此该射频电路对于两个频带上的输入信号增益相同,方向相反。因此可以实现两频段干扰信号在基带的相互抵消,提升系统的抗干扰能力。According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, simulation of the above wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit shows that the wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit has two radio frequency passbands with approximately equal bandwidth gains, and each operates at a resonance peak of the high-order harmonic bulk acoustic wave resonator. The resonant frequency is the anti-resonant frequency of another resonant peak, so the radio frequency circuit has the same gain and opposite direction for the input signal on both frequency bands. Therefore, the interference signals in the two frequency bands can be canceled out at the baseband, thereby improving the anti-interference ability of the system.
通过合理地选择第一谐振器的谐振频率、耦合电容大小以及第二谐振器的压电薄膜以及衬底厚度,即可使差分输出滤波自混频在第二谐振器的正反谐振频率的输入阻抗均实现与前级的滤波匹配网络的匹配。调整第二谐振器的尺寸,可提升滤波自混频器对带外信号的抑制。通过具体地设置,可以使唤醒接收机具有两个极窄的射频通带,且两个通带的自混频系数大小相同方向相反。通过延长采样周期,即可降低两通带的干扰信号在采样周期内产生的总自混频信号,进而提升对带内干扰信号的抑制能力。By reasonably selecting the resonant frequency of the first resonator, the size of the coupling capacitor, and the piezoelectric film and substrate thickness of the second resonator, the differential output filter can be self-mixed at the input of the forward and reverse resonant frequencies of the second resonator. The impedance is matched with the filter matching network of the previous stage. Adjusting the size of the second resonator can improve the suppression of out-of-band signals by the filtered self-mixer. Through specific settings, the wake-up receiver can have two extremely narrow radio frequency passbands, and the self-mixing coefficients of the two passbands have the same magnitude and opposite directions. By extending the sampling period, the total self-mixing signal generated by the interference signals in the two passbands during the sampling period can be reduced, thereby improving the ability to suppress in-band interference signals.
至此,已经结合附图对本公开实施例进行了详细描述。需要说明的是,在附图或说明书正文中,未绘示或描述的实现方式,均为所属技术领域中普通技术人员所知的形式,并未进行详细说明。此外,上述对各元件和方法的定义并不仅限于实施例中提到的各种具体结构、形状或方式,本领域普通技术人员可对其进行简单地更改或替换。So far, the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that implementation methods not shown or described in the drawings or the text of the specification are all forms known to those of ordinary skill in the technical field and have not been described in detail. In addition, the above definitions of each element and method are not limited to the various specific structures, shapes or methods mentioned in the embodiments, which can be simply modified or replaced by those of ordinary skill in the art.
依据以上描述,本领域技术人员应当对本公开带内干扰抑制唤醒接收机射频电路有了清楚的认识。Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the in-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit of the present disclosure.
综上所述,本公开提供了一种带内干扰抑制唤醒接收机射频电路,通过引入高次谐波谐振器,大幅降低了系统对于制造精度以封装的需求,提升了系统的鲁棒性以及可行性。同时可以大幅降低射频通带带宽,进一步地提升了抗干扰能力。通过利用滤波匹配网络的双频匹配以及滤波自混频器的差分输出特性,实现了两个射频通带上的信号在基带电路中的差分输出。利用了高次谐波谐振器的多谐振峰特性,使得两个谐振器的机电耦合系数不必为一个固定值,大大降低了系统对于制造精度的要求,降低了设计复杂度,提升了可行性。In summary, the present disclosure provides an in-band interference suppression wake-up receiver radio frequency circuit. By introducing a high-order harmonic resonator, the system's requirements for manufacturing precision and packaging are greatly reduced, and the system's robustness and feasibility. At the same time, the RF passband bandwidth can be greatly reduced, further improving the anti-interference capability. By utilizing the dual-frequency matching of the filter matching network and the differential output characteristics of the filter self-mixer, the differential output of the signals on the two radio frequency passbands in the baseband circuit is achieved. Taking advantage of the multi-resonant peak characteristics of high-order harmonic resonators, the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the two resonators does not have to be a fixed value, which greatly reduces the system's requirements for manufacturing accuracy, reduces design complexity, and improves feasibility.
还需要说明的是,以上为本公开提供的不同实施例。这些实施例是用于说明本公开的技术内容,而非用于限制本公开的权利保护范围。一实施例的一特征可通过合适的修饰、置换、组合、分离以应用于其他实施例。It should also be noted that the above are different embodiments provided by the present disclosure. These embodiments are used to illustrate the technical content of the present disclosure, but are not used to limit the scope of rights protection of the present disclosure. A feature of one embodiment can be applied to other embodiments through appropriate modification, substitution, combination, and isolation.
应注意的是,在本文中,除了特别指明的之外,具备“一”元件不限于具备单一的该元件,而可具备一或更多的该元件。It should be noted that in this article, unless otherwise specified, having "a" element is not limited to having a single element, but can include one or more elements.
此外,在本文中,除了特别指明的之外,“第一”、“第二”等序数,只是用于区别具有相同名称的多个元件,并不表示它们之间存在位阶、层级、执行顺序、或制程顺序。一“第一”元件与一“第二”元件可能一起出现在同一构件中,或分别出现在不同构件中。序数较大的一元件的存在不必然表示序数较小的另一元件的存在。In addition, in this article, unless otherwise specified, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish multiple components with the same name, and do not indicate the existence of ranks, levels, or executions between them. Sequence, or process sequence. A "first" element and a "second" element may be present together in the same component, or they may be present in different components. The presence of one element with a higher ordinal number does not necessarily imply the presence of another element with a lower ordinal number.
此外,除非特别描述或必须依序发生的步骤,上述步骤的顺序并无限制于以上所列,且可根据所需设计而变化或重新安排。并且上述实施例可基于设计及可靠度的考虑,彼此混合搭配使用或与其他实施例混合搭配使用,即不同实施例中的技术特征可以自由组合形成更多的实施例。In addition, unless the steps are specifically described or must occur in sequence, the order of the above steps is not limited to those listed above and may be changed or rearranged according to the required design. Moreover, the above-mentioned embodiments can be mixed and matched with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations, that is, the technical features in different embodiments can be freely combined to form more embodiments.
以上所述的具体实施例,对本公开的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本公开的具体实施例而已,并不用于限制本公开,凡在本公开的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned specific embodiments further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present disclosure in detail. It should be understood that the above-mentioned are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of this disclosure.
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