CN1058134A - Biological insecticides - Google Patents

Abstract

Biopesticides, which relates to bacterial insecticides, especially bacteria Domestication and pesticide manufacture. This biopesticide is capable of causing pests to Bacteria that are harmless to humans, animals, fish, etc. after death from disease Cnidium, pyrethrum, betel nut, clove and other natural plants with insecticidal effect Gradually domesticate the powder of the plant or its decoction to obtain the Bacteria that grow normally in the food powder or its decoction infusion, and then make the acclimatized bacteria Bacteria are cultivated in natural plant powder or its decoction to make biological insecticide agent. The insecticide has strong insecticidal power, wide application range, no residual toxicity, no Pollution, and can promote crop growth, low cost and other advantages.

Description

The present invention relates to insecticides, and in particular to bacterial insecticides and the domestication of bacteria.

As we all know, agricultural pesticides are necessary to protect crops from pests and are of great significance to national life. The pesticides DDT, dichlorvos, permethrin, organochlorine, and organophosphorus used in the past all have certain killing effects on pests. However, after frequent use, pests have developed resistance to these pesticides, and the use of pesticides per unit area of farmland has continued to increase, and the burden on farmers has increased accordingly. In particular, it should be pointed out that these chemical pesticides are highly toxic, and the pesticides after application The residual amount of medicine is relatively large, causing harm to people, livestock and other animals. In recent years, domestic and foreign are committed to the research and development of non-toxic pesticides, and have made significant progress, becoming a powerful new army of pesticides, but generally speaking, the manufacturing process of these pesticides is complicated, and the investment in required equipment Huge and expensive.

The biopesticides developed in recent years are insecticidal pesticides made from bacteria that are harmless to humans, livestock and other animals, but can cause disease and death of insects. Because of their safe use, they have developed rapidly. At present, the bacteria used to make insecticides are: Japanese scarab A, type B milky pathogen, Bacillus japonicus, Bacillus slow death, Bacillus thuringiensis and its variants, Clostridium spp., Bacillus cerevisiae, Bacillus cereus Bacillus thuringiensis and its variants have been commercially available and widely Large-scale use, its effect is good, it is expected that biological pesticides will be widely used soon, and become a new force in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. The preparation of biopesticides does not require excessive equipment and energy consumption, and there is no secondary pollution. It is just that the bacterial culture needs to consume more nutrient solution and the culture conditions are relatively harsh, so its cost is not low enough. In addition, bacterial insecticides are only suitable for most of the lepidopteran pests, and have poor lethality against pests with strong vitality such as scale insects.

The present invention aims at cultivating insecticidal bacteria with high insecticidal efficacy and strong vitality through domestication of bacteria, so as to prepare high-efficiency biological insecticides, and at the same time use natural plants with insecticidal effects as bacterial culture medium to produce bacterial The natural plant mixed biopesticide can improve the insecticidal effect, further reduce the cost, and also has the function of fertilization.

The present invention achieves the object through the following methods and steps.

1. Preparation of bacteria acclimation agent: take basilica, cnidium, hellebore, deer vine, Polygonum sylvestris, goat flower, clove, pyrethrum, sandalwood, betel nut, vicious poison and any one or several other insecticidal effects The natural plants are made into powder or decocted into medicinal liquid for subsequent use.

2. Domestication of bacteria: take the bacilli kept on the nutrient agar, make a bacterial suspension, inoculate the natural plant wet state powder prepared in step 1 or its decoction liquid, and cultivate and domesticate under conventional conditions. It is advisable that the concentration of the bacterial solution prepared to ensure the survival of the bacteria is not less than 500 million bacteria/ml, and the concentration of the natural plant decoction is preferably not more than 0.2 grams of dry natural plants/ml. When acclimating the bacteria, because The vitality of various bacteria is different. Initially, it is best to use a domesticating agent with a relatively dilute concentration for domestication, and then take the domesticated living bacteria and cultivate them in a high-concentration domesticating agent until the bacteria are completely adapted to the growth environment. Or domesticated bacteria that grow normally on natural plant powder. For the domestication of bacteria with weak vitality, it is advisable to add conventional nutrient solution to the natural plant domestication solution. By gradually reducing the ratio of conventional nutrient solution and gradually increasing the concentration of domestication solution, the bacteria can gradually adapt to the environment and be domesticated. This domestication method is suitable for the aforementioned Bacillus thuringiensis and its variants, Jindian A, Type B milky pathogen, Bacillus scarab, Bacillus slow death, Bacillus aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus aeruginosa, and fluorescent Trichobacterium, Aerobacter, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, S. marcescens and other bacteria that can cause insects to cause disease, the bacteria are a single species or a mixture of any number of bacteria. The preservation methods of domesticated bacteria are: (1) protein nutrient solution or agar medium with domesticated bacteria; (2) mixture containing domesticated bacteria and natural plant decoction, or natural plant decoction containing protein nutrient solution (3) Natural plant powder grown with domesticated bacteria, or natural plant powder mixed with protein nutrition to grow domesticated bacteria.

3. Preparation of bacterial culture medium (liquid): The culture medium (liquid) of the present invention has the following types: (1) conventional protein culture liquid; Decoction or powder made from one or more natural plants of rattan, Polygonum japonica, Pygmy sylvestris, Clove, Pyrethrum, Sandalwood, Areca nut, Poison and other natural plants with insecticidal effect; (3) Sterilized natural plant decoction or powder containing salt and protein nutrients.

4. Preparation of biopesticides:

Add the protein nutrient solution with domesticated bacteria grown in step 2 to the conventional protein nutrient solution, and cultivate it under normal conditions (37°C) for 24-48 hours to obtain a bacterial concentration of not less than 20 billion/ml biopesticides containing only domesticated bacteria and no natural plants.

The bacterial liquid containing natural plants and domesticated bacteria prepared in step 2 is added to the natural plant decoction or the natural plant decoction containing salt and protein nutrients, and cultivated for 24-48 hours under conventional conditions , A liquid mixed biopesticide with a concentration of less than 20 billion/ml consisting of domesticated bacteria and natural plant components with insecticidal efficacy can be obtained. In order to make it easy to transport, it is better to use the natural plant decoction liquid with a high concentration of not less than 0.2 gram of natural plant/ml.

The bacterium liquid or natural plant powder containing domesticated bacteria prepared in step 2 is mixed with the natural plant powder medium containing or not containing salt and protein nutrition obtained in step 3, and cultivated under conventional conditions for 24-48 hours, that is A powdery or pasty domesticated bacteria-natural plant mixed biopesticide with or without salt and protein nutrients can be obtained with the number of bacteria not less than 20 billion/gram.

The best formula of the natural plant decoction liquid or powder is: Ababa, Agrimony, Pyrethrum or neem bark, Cnidium chinensis.

Practice has proved that because natural plants contain a large amount of protein and salt, bacteria can reproduce and preserve normally without adding conventional protein nutrient solution, so the cost is greatly reduced. It has also been proved that the domesticated bacteria have stronger vitality and the scale insects that are difficult to be killed by insecticides and bacterial insecticides can be killed by the biological insecticide prepared by the domesticated bacteria. In particular, it should be noted that bacterial insecticides are only suitable for a part of lepidopteran pests, while this mixed biopesticide can not only kill all lepidopteran pests, but also can kill budworms, red beetles that do not belong to lepidopteran pests. Spiders and other pests also have a killing effect, which expands the insecticidal range of bacterial insecticides and strengthens the insecticidal efficacy.

Proof of use: When applying pesticides to some plants whose stems and leaves are not easy to be infiltrated by water, the liquid medicine will lose a lot. Add some surfactants (such as sodium dodecylamine sulfonate, dodecylaminobenzene Sodium sulfonate, ethylene glycol or bistriol) can enhance its wettability and adhesion, so surfactants can be added to the product or during use as needed.

When using this liquid insecticide, it should be diluted 200-400 times with water before use. When using powdered pesticides, it is best to soak them in 400-800 times of water at room temperature for more than 24 hours, filter out the dregs and use them.

The biological insecticide has the advantages of low cost, strong insecticidal power, wide application range, no toxicity, no pollution, and has the function of promoting crop organisms after application.

Claims (5)

1. Bacillus thuringiensis and its variants for class I, Japanese scarab A, type B milky pathogen, Japanese scarab bacillus, Bacillus slow death, Clostridium sp., Bacillus aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus aeruginosa. , Proteus fluorescens, Aerobacter, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, S. marcescens, etc. are harmless to humans, livestock and other animals but can cause disease and death to insects, and are prepared by culturing in conventional culture media The preparation method of biological (bacteria) insecticide is characterized in that: the biological insecticide of the present invention is the mixed bacteria of any one or several bacteria that can cause disease and death to insects above-mentioned, with the decoction or infusion of any one or several other natural plants that have the killing effect on agricultural pests The powder of natural plants is gradually domesticated to make a regular protein nutrient solution containing domesticated bacteria, or a mixture of domesticated bacteria and natural plant decoction, or a mixture of domesticated bacteria, protein nutrient solution and natural plant decoction, Or the natural plant powder that grows domesticated bacteria, or the natural plant powder that grows domesticated bacteria containing protein nutrient culture agent, the nutrient solution or mixed solution or powder of above-mentioned domesticated bacteria is inoculated in bacterial culture medium (liquid), in routine The ready-made biopesticide is cultivated under conditions, and the culture solution refers to conventional protein nutrient solution, natural plant decoction liquid with or without salt and protein nutrient, natural plant powder with or without salt and protein nutrient solution . 2. A class of biopesticides, characterized in that: it is a liquid biopesticide containing only domesticated bacteria produced by culturing domesticated bacteria in conventional protein nutrition; A mixed liquid biopesticide containing domesticated bacteria and natural plant decoction obtained through cultivation in the natural plant decoction containing salt and protein nutrient solution; A mixed powder or paste biopesticide containing domesticated bacteria and natural plants obtained by cultivating natural plant powder with peptone. 3. The biopesticide according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: said natural plant powder or decocting liquid is made of basil, veratrum, cnidium, deer vine, Polygonum japonica, Naoyang Flowers, cloves, sandalwood, betel nuts, pyrethrum, chamaejasma chamaejasma, etc., and any one or several other natural plants with insecticidal effects are powders or medicinal solutions prepared by decocting and soaking in water. 4. The biopesticide according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the best formula of the natural plant decoction or powder is the same proportion of basil, agrimony, pyrethrum, or the same proportion of Neem bark, cnidium, hundred. 5. The biopesticide according to claim 2, characterized in that: said liquid biopesticide or powdery or pasty biopesticide is added with or without surfactant.