diff --git a/docs/protocols/alpha.rst b/docs/protocols/alpha.rst
index 9a696cb330f0cc6ceb63e128d6a3e51cd5473b1e..8c84b7abc27490b58e020f3b719635b8d1e61868 100644
--- a/docs/protocols/alpha.rst
+++ b/docs/protocols/alpha.rst
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ Bug Fixes
 Minor Changes
 -------------
 
+- Rename ``endorsement`` into ``attestation`` in protocol errors (MR :gl:`!9192`)
+
 Internal
 --------
-
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/alpha_context.mli b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/alpha_context.mli
index 76a12ebdf82725a22b369c23d6c6262fbe717586..0b80432e0c846a9f2040b0eccb6909cfb258ccf9 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/alpha_context.mli
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/alpha_context.mli
@@ -4145,9 +4145,6 @@ type 'a consensus_operation_type =
   | Endorsement : Kind.endorsement consensus_operation_type
   | Preendorsement : Kind.preendorsement consensus_operation_type
 
-val pp_operation_kind :
-  Format.formatter -> 'kind consensus_operation_type -> unit
-
 type consensus_content = {
   slot : Slot.t;
   level : Raw_level.t;
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/apply.ml b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/apply.ml
index 1f9b58495c909eb72b98878c1b354aeb03fc3b04..0bf36aaf2aa87db6164b5fbc9b58bb2f71c39f72 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/apply.ml
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/apply.ml
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@
 open Alpha_context
 
 type error +=
-  | Not_enough_endorsements of {required : int; provided : int}
   | Faulty_validation_wrong_slot
   | Error_while_taking_fees
   | Update_consensus_key_on_unregistered_delegate of Signature.Public_key_hash.t
@@ -51,24 +50,6 @@ type error +=
   | Invalid_staking_parameters_sender
 
 let () =
-  register_error_kind
-    `Permanent
-    ~id:"operation.not_enough_endorsements"
-    ~title:"Not enough endorsements"
-    ~description:
-      "The block being validated does not include the required minimum number \
-       of endorsements."
-    ~pp:(fun ppf (required, provided) ->
-      Format.fprintf
-        ppf
-        "Wrong number of endorsements (%i), at least %i are expected"
-        provided
-        required)
-    Data_encoding.(obj2 (req "required" int31) (req "provided" int31))
-    (function
-      | Not_enough_endorsements {required; provided} -> Some (required, provided)
-      | _ -> None)
-    (fun (required, provided) -> Not_enough_endorsements {required; provided}) ;
   let description =
     "The consensus operation uses an invalid slot. This error should not \
      happen: the operation validation should have failed earlier."
@@ -2678,7 +2659,7 @@ let finalize_application ctxt block_data_contents ~round ~predecessor_hash
     ~(block_producer : Consensus_key.t) ~(payload_producer : Consensus_key.t) =
   let open Lwt_result_syntax in
   let level = Level.current ctxt in
-  let endorsing_power = Consensus.current_endorsement_power ctxt in
+  let attestation_power = Consensus.current_endorsement_power ctxt in
   let* required_endorsements =
     are_endorsements_required ctxt ~level:level.level
   in
@@ -2711,7 +2692,9 @@ let finalize_application ctxt block_data_contents ~round ~predecessor_hash
   let* ctxt, reward_bonus =
     if required_endorsements then
       let* ctxt = record_endorsing_participation ctxt in
-      let*? rewards_bonus = Baking.bonus_baking_reward ctxt ~endorsing_power in
+      let*? rewards_bonus =
+        Baking.bonus_baking_reward ctxt ~attestation_power
+      in
       return (ctxt, Some rewards_bonus)
     else return (ctxt, None)
   in
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/baking.ml b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/baking.ml
index a2f2c5f3057d7efe2c35a9ef6ec1b2d9ae20f719..8c23f43773cb04f154d894a2385a9b4ebfaa56c6 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/baking.ml
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/baking.ml
@@ -28,45 +28,47 @@ open Alpha_context
 
 type error +=
   | (* `Permanent *)
-      Insufficient_endorsing_power of {
-      endorsing_power : int;
+      Insufficient_attestation_power of {
+      attestation_power : int;
       consensus_threshold : int;
     }
 
 let () =
   register_error_kind
     `Permanent
-    ~id:"baking.insufficient_endorsing_power"
-    ~title:"Insufficient endorsing power"
+    ~id:"baking.insufficient_attestation_power"
+    ~title:"Insufficient attestation power"
     ~description:
-      "The endorsing power is insufficient to satisfy the consensus threshold."
-    ~pp:(fun ppf (endorsing_power, consensus_threshold) ->
+      "The attestation power is insufficient to satisfy the consensus \
+       threshold."
+    ~pp:(fun ppf (attestation_power, consensus_threshold) ->
       Format.fprintf
         ppf
-        "The endorsing power (%d) is insufficient to satisfy the consensus \
+        "The attestation power (%d) is insufficient to satisfy the consensus \
          threshold (%d)."
-        endorsing_power
+        attestation_power
         consensus_threshold)
     Data_encoding.(
-      obj2 (req "endorsing_power" int31) (req "consensus_threshold" int31))
+      obj2 (req "attestation_power" int31) (req "consensus_threshold" int31))
     (function
-      | Insufficient_endorsing_power {endorsing_power; consensus_threshold} ->
-          Some (endorsing_power, consensus_threshold)
+      | Insufficient_attestation_power {attestation_power; consensus_threshold}
+        ->
+          Some (attestation_power, consensus_threshold)
       | _ -> None)
-    (fun (endorsing_power, consensus_threshold) ->
-      Insufficient_endorsing_power {endorsing_power; consensus_threshold})
+    (fun (attestation_power, consensus_threshold) ->
+      Insufficient_attestation_power {attestation_power; consensus_threshold})
 
-let bonus_baking_reward ctxt ~endorsing_power =
+let bonus_baking_reward ctxt ~attestation_power =
   let consensus_threshold = Constants.consensus_threshold ctxt in
   let baking_reward_bonus_per_slot =
     Delegate.Rewards.baking_reward_bonus_per_slot ctxt
   in
-  let extra_endorsing_power = endorsing_power - consensus_threshold in
+  let extra_attestation_power = attestation_power - consensus_threshold in
   error_when
-    Compare.Int.(extra_endorsing_power < 0)
-    (Insufficient_endorsing_power {endorsing_power; consensus_threshold})
+    Compare.Int.(extra_attestation_power < 0)
+    (Insufficient_attestation_power {attestation_power; consensus_threshold})
   >>? fun () ->
-  Tez.(baking_reward_bonus_per_slot *? Int64.of_int extra_endorsing_power)
+  Tez.(baking_reward_bonus_per_slot *? Int64.of_int extra_attestation_power)
 
 type ordered_slots = {
   delegate : Signature.public_key_hash;
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/baking.mli b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/baking.mli
index a20a009f1097b710ff369c3142b0a688a5a9983e..5fc4c451f586edd3c2e95409f3fffc28da70ca34 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/baking.mli
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/baking.mli
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ open Alpha_context
 
 type error +=
   | (* `Permanent *)
-      Insufficient_endorsing_power of {
-      endorsing_power : int;
+      Insufficient_attestation_power of {
+      attestation_power : int;
       consensus_threshold : int;
     }
 
@@ -60,5 +60,5 @@ val endorsing_rights_by_first_slot :
   Level.t ->
   (context * (Consensus_key.pk * int) Slot.Map.t) tzresult Lwt.t
 
-(** Computes the bonus baking reward depending on the endorsing power. *)
-val bonus_baking_reward : context -> endorsing_power:int -> Tez.t tzresult
+(** Computes the bonus baking reward depending on the attestation power. *)
+val bonus_baking_reward : context -> attestation_power:int -> Tez.t tzresult
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/operation_repr.ml b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/operation_repr.ml
index b0907152784f611b20e3eb30f21394b5f63b4293..9a53e929989aa6a071532a03edef53468bccbf2b 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/operation_repr.ml
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/operation_repr.ml
@@ -138,12 +138,6 @@ type 'a consensus_operation_type =
   | Endorsement : Kind.endorsement consensus_operation_type
   | Preendorsement : Kind.preendorsement consensus_operation_type
 
-let pp_operation_kind (type kind) ppf
-    (operation_kind : kind consensus_operation_type) =
-  match operation_kind with
-  | Endorsement -> Format.fprintf ppf "Endorsement"
-  | Preendorsement -> Format.fprintf ppf "Preendorsement"
-
 type consensus_content = {
   slot : Slot_repr.t;
   level : Raw_level_repr.t;
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/operation_repr.mli b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/operation_repr.mli
index 26f26e01eaedddd8c31f78c35043642084ea97ad..56d827f7eb79f7a7b9e86af1f3bf11e717dba3fa 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/operation_repr.mli
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/operation_repr.mli
@@ -172,9 +172,6 @@ type 'a consensus_operation_type =
   | Endorsement : Kind.endorsement consensus_operation_type
   | Preendorsement : Kind.preendorsement consensus_operation_type
 
-val pp_operation_kind :
-  Format.formatter -> 'kind consensus_operation_type -> unit
-
 type consensus_content = {
   slot : Slot_repr.t;
   (* By convention, this is the validator's first slot. *)
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_double_endorsement.ml b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_double_endorsement.ml
index 8965fd55cc9d08f5560f2e637a40003c50a662de..a91a76012acc94da4a5a39ee24e0b76990d8d908 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_double_endorsement.ml
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_double_endorsement.ml
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ let test_invalid_double_endorsement () =
   Block.bake ~operation b >>= fun res ->
   Assert.proto_error ~loc:__LOC__ res (function
       | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Invalid_denunciation kind
-        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Endorsement ->
+        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Attestation ->
           true
       | _ -> false)
 
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ let test_invalid_double_endorsement_variant () =
   Block.bake ~operation genesis >>= fun res ->
   Assert.proto_error ~loc:__LOC__ res (function
       | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Invalid_denunciation kind
-        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Endorsement ->
+        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Attestation ->
           true
       | _ -> false)
 
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ let test_too_early_double_endorsement_evidence () =
   Block.bake ~operation genesis >>= fun res ->
   Assert.proto_error ~loc:__LOC__ res (function
       | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Too_early_denunciation {kind; _}
-        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Endorsement ->
+        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Attestation ->
           true
       | _ -> false)
 
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ let test_too_late_double_endorsement_evidence () =
   Block.bake ~operation blk >>= fun res ->
   Assert.proto_error ~loc:__LOC__ res (function
       | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Outdated_denunciation {kind; _}
-        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Endorsement ->
+        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Attestation ->
           true
       | _ -> false)
 
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ let test_different_delegates () =
   Block.bake ~operation blk_b >>= fun res ->
   Assert.proto_error ~loc:__LOC__ res (function
       | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Inconsistent_denunciation {kind; _}
-        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Endorsement ->
+        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Attestation ->
           true
       | _ -> false)
 
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ let test_wrong_delegate () =
   Block.bake ~operation blk_b >>= fun res ->
   Assert.proto_error ~loc:__LOC__ res (function
       | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Inconsistent_denunciation {kind; _}
-        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Endorsement ->
+        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Attestation ->
           true
       | _ -> false)
 
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ let test_two_double_endorsement_evidences_leads_to_duplicate_denunciation () =
   >>= fun e ->
   Assert.proto_error ~loc:__LOC__ e (function
       | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Conflicting_denunciation {kind; _}
-        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Endorsement ->
+        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Attestation ->
           true
       | _ -> false)
   >>=? fun () ->
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ let test_two_double_endorsement_evidences_leads_to_duplicate_denunciation () =
   >>= fun e ->
   Assert.proto_error ~loc:__LOC__ e (function
       | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Already_denounced {kind; _}
-        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Endorsement ->
+        when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Attestation ->
           true
       | _ -> false)
 
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_double_preendorsement.ml b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_double_preendorsement.ml
index 85d40e7f195ad0d7982b6de0f30bc1609c54c9fe..e7e50cb6696c1b458fd69cf5737dc84731cc4f49 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_double_preendorsement.ml
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_double_preendorsement.ml
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ end = struct
   let invalid_denunciation loc res =
     Assert.proto_error ~loc res (function
         | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Invalid_denunciation kind
-          when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Preendorsement ->
+          when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Preattestation ->
             true
         | _ -> false)
 
@@ -93,21 +93,21 @@ end = struct
   let already_denounced loc res =
     Assert.proto_error ~loc res (function
         | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Already_denounced {kind; _}
-          when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Preendorsement ->
+          when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Preattestation ->
             true
         | _ -> false)
 
   let inconsistent_denunciation loc res =
     Assert.proto_error ~loc res (function
         | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Inconsistent_denunciation {kind; _}
-          when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Preendorsement ->
+          when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Preattestation ->
             true
         | _ -> false)
 
   let outdated_denunciation loc res =
     Assert.proto_error ~loc res (function
         | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Outdated_denunciation {kind; _}
-          when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Preendorsement ->
+          when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Preattestation ->
             true
         | _ -> false)
 
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ end = struct
     >>= fun e ->
     Assert.proto_error ~loc:__LOC__ e (function
         | Validate_errors.Anonymous.Conflicting_denunciation {kind; _}
-          when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Preendorsement ->
+          when kind = Validate_errors.Anonymous.Preattestation ->
             true
         | _ -> false)
     >>=? fun () ->
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_endorsement.ml b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_endorsement.ml
index bd832aa286f875b281b3cd099c0c490af943592d..cf268f0dd53f0807d70db1a6a96e667d75512905 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_endorsement.ml
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_endorsement.ml
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ let test_not_smallest_slot () =
   let error_wrong_slot = function
     | Validate_errors.Consensus.Wrong_slot_used_for_consensus_operation
         {kind; _}
-      when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Endorsement ->
+      when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Attestation ->
         true
     | _ -> false
   in
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ let test_mempool_not_own_slot () =
 
 let error_old_level = function
   | Validate_errors.Consensus.Consensus_operation_for_old_level {kind; _}
-    when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Endorsement ->
+    when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Attestation ->
       true
   | _ -> false
 
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ let test_two_levels_too_old () =
 
 let error_future_level = function
   | Validate_errors.Consensus.Consensus_operation_for_future_level {kind; _}
-    when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Endorsement ->
+    when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Attestation ->
       true
   | _ -> false
 
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ let test_two_levels_future () =
 
 let error_old_round = function
   | Validate_errors.Consensus.Consensus_operation_for_old_round {kind; _}
-    when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Endorsement ->
+    when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Attestation ->
       true
   | _ -> false
 
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ let test_many_rounds_too_old () =
 
 let error_future_round = function
   | Validate_errors.Consensus.Consensus_operation_for_future_round {kind; _}
-    when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Endorsement ->
+    when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Attestation ->
       true
   | _ -> false
 
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ let test_wrong_payload_hash () =
   let error_wrong_payload_hash = function
     | Validate_errors.Consensus.Wrong_payload_hash_for_consensus_operation
         {kind; _}
-      when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Endorsement ->
+      when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Attestation ->
         true
     | _ -> false
   in
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ let test_wrong_payload_hash () =
 let assert_conflict_error ~loc res =
   Assert.proto_error ~loc res (function
       | Validate_errors.Consensus.Conflicting_consensus_operation {kind; _}
-        when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Endorsement ->
+        when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Attestation ->
           true
       | _ -> false)
 
@@ -631,7 +631,10 @@ let test_endorsement_threshold ~sufficient_threshold () =
   >>=? fun (_, endos) ->
   Block.bake ~operations:endos b >>= fun b ->
   if sufficient_threshold then return_unit
-  else Assert.proto_error_with_info ~loc:__LOC__ b "Not enough endorsements"
+  else
+    Assert.proto_error ~loc:__LOC__ b (function
+        | Validate_errors.Block.Not_enough_attestations _ -> true
+        | _ -> false)
 
 let tests =
   [
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_preendorsement.ml b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_preendorsement.ml
index 6c76c6c4cbc339bd4b1e1c256abc8c0f4d77a57b..e4cc2936e71fc271ccfcdea2372a9c2eb0899e89 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_preendorsement.ml
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_preendorsement.ml
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ let test_consensus_operation_preendorsement_for_future_level () =
     ~level
     ~error:(function
       | Validate_errors.Consensus.Consensus_operation_for_future_level {kind; _}
-        when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Preendorsement ->
+        when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Preattestation ->
           true
       | _ -> false)
     Preendorsement
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ let test_consensus_operation_preendorsement_for_old_level () =
     ~level
     ~error:(function
       | Validate_errors.Consensus.Consensus_operation_for_old_level {kind; _}
-        when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Preendorsement ->
+        when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Preattestation ->
           true
       | _ -> false)
     Preendorsement
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ let test_unexpected_preendorsements_in_blocks () =
     ~loc:__LOC__
     ~endorsed_block:pred
     ~error:(function
-      | Validate_errors.Consensus.Unexpected_preendorsement_in_block -> true
+      | Validate_errors.Consensus.Unexpected_preattestation_in_block -> true
       | _ -> false)
     Preendorsement
     Application
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ let test_too_high_round () =
     ~round
     ~level
     ~error:(function
-      | Validate_errors.Consensus.Preendorsement_round_too_high _ -> true
+      | Validate_errors.Consensus.Preattestation_round_too_high _ -> true
       | _ -> false)
     Preendorsement
     Construction
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_preendorsement_functor.ml b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_preendorsement_functor.ml
index 5002e086384c1bcf0eae55a73ec1e889e80aae87..565b5ecefbe83418438354f620826024be23df4c 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_preendorsement_functor.ml
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/test/integration/consensus/test_preendorsement_functor.ml
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ end = struct
         (Error
            (function
            | Validate_errors.Consensus.Conflicting_consensus_operation {kind; _}
-             when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Preendorsement ->
+             when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Preattestation ->
                true
            | _ -> false))
       ()
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ end = struct
            (function
            | Validate_errors.Consensus.Consensus_operation_for_old_level
                {kind; _}
-             when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Preendorsement ->
+             when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Preattestation ->
                true
            | _ -> false))
       ()
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ end = struct
            (function
            | Validate_errors.Consensus.Wrong_slot_used_for_consensus_operation
                {kind; _}
-             when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Preendorsement ->
+             when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Preattestation ->
                true
            | _ -> false))
       ()
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ end = struct
           (function
           | Validate_errors.Consensus.Consensus_operation_for_old_round
               {kind; _}
-            when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Preendorsement ->
+            when kind = Validate_errors.Consensus.Preattestation ->
               true
           | _ -> false)
       else Ok (fun _ -> return_unit)
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/validate.ml b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/validate.ml
index 11a9a5b8767a78e47f9968a916841a9140e314a9..b4829f684dc6f42e285a4139da12c3285473c431 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/validate.ml
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/validate.ml
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ module Consensus = struct
   let check_round_before_block ~block_round provided =
     error_unless
       Round.(provided < block_round)
-      (Preendorsement_round_too_high {block_round; provided})
+      (Preattestation_round_too_high {block_round; provided})
 
   let check_level kind expected provided =
     (* We use [if] instead of [error_unless] to avoid computing the
@@ -484,9 +484,9 @@ module Consensus = struct
       | None ->
           (* A preexisting block whose fitness has no locked round
              should contain no preendorsements. *)
-          error Unexpected_preendorsement_in_block
+          error Unexpected_preattestation_in_block
     in
-    let kind = Preendorsement in
+    let kind = Preattestation in
     let*? () = check_round_before_block ~block_round:block_info.round round in
     let*? () = check_level kind vi.current_level.level level in
     let*? () = check_round kind locked_round round in
@@ -513,9 +513,9 @@ module Consensus = struct
          any preendorsements. *)
       error_when
         Block_payload_hash.(expected_payload_hash = zero)
-        Unexpected_preendorsement_in_block
+        Unexpected_preattestation_in_block
     in
-    let kind = Preendorsement in
+    let kind = Preattestation in
     let*? () = check_round_before_block ~block_round:cons_info.round round in
     let*? () = check_level kind vi.current_level.level level in
     (* We cannot check the exact round here in construction mode, because
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ module Consensus = struct
           check_mempool_consensus
             vi
             consensus_info
-            Preendorsement
+            Preattestation
             consensus_content
     in
     let*? () =
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ module Consensus = struct
     | Error conflict ->
         error
           Validate_errors.Consensus.(
-            Conflicting_consensus_operation {kind = Preendorsement; conflict})
+            Conflicting_consensus_operation {kind = Preattestation; conflict})
 
   let add_preendorsement vs oph (op : Kind.preendorsement operation) =
     let (Single (Preendorsement {slot; level; round; _})) =
@@ -701,9 +701,9 @@ module Consensus = struct
              of the Tenderbake family; this block should not be
              endorsed. This can only happen in tests and test
              networks. *)
-          error Unexpected_endorsement_in_block
+          error Unexpected_attestation_in_block
     in
-    let kind = Endorsement in
+    let kind = Attestation in
     let*? () = check_level kind consensus_info.predecessor_level level in
     let*? () = check_round kind consensus_info.predecessor_round round in
     let*? () = check_payload_hash kind expected_payload_hash bph in
@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@ module Consensus = struct
           check_mempool_consensus
             vi
             consensus_info
-            Endorsement
+            Attestation
             consensus_content
     in
     let*? () =
@@ -766,7 +766,7 @@ module Consensus = struct
     | Error conflict ->
         error
           Validate_errors.Consensus.(
-            Conflicting_consensus_operation {kind = Endorsement; conflict})
+            Conflicting_consensus_operation {kind = Attestation; conflict})
 
   let add_endorsement vs oph (op : Kind.endorsement operation) =
     let (Single (Endorsement {slot; level; round; _})) =
@@ -892,7 +892,7 @@ module Consensus = struct
         | Some (expected, _power) ->
             (* Other preendorsements have already been validated: we check
                that the current operation has the same round as them. *)
-            check_round Preendorsement expected consensus_content.round)
+            check_round Preattestation expected consensus_content.round)
     | Application _ | Partial_validation _ | Mempool -> return_unit
 
   let validate_preendorsement ~check_signature info operation_state block_state
@@ -1410,7 +1410,7 @@ module Anonymous = struct
       operation.protocol_data.contents
     in
     check_double_endorsing_evidence
-      ~consensus_operation:Preendorsement
+      ~consensus_operation:Preattestation
       vi
       op1
       op2
@@ -1420,7 +1420,7 @@ module Anonymous = struct
     let (Single (Double_endorsement_evidence {op1; op2})) =
       operation.protocol_data.contents
     in
-    check_double_endorsing_evidence ~consensus_operation:Endorsement vi op1 op2
+    check_double_endorsing_evidence ~consensus_operation:Attestation vi op1 op2
 
   let check_double_endorsing_evidence_conflict (type kind) vs oph
       (op1 : kind Kind.consensus Operation.t) =
@@ -2764,7 +2764,7 @@ let validate_operation ?(check_signature = true)
               operation_state
               oph
               operation
-            |> wrap_denunciation_conflict Preendorsement
+            |> wrap_denunciation_conflict Preattestation
           in
           let operation_state =
             add_double_preendorsement_evidence operation_state oph operation
@@ -2778,7 +2778,7 @@ let validate_operation ?(check_signature = true)
               operation_state
               oph
               operation
-            |> wrap_denunciation_conflict Endorsement
+            |> wrap_denunciation_conflict Attestation
           in
           let operation_state =
             add_double_endorsement_evidence operation_state oph operation
@@ -2867,7 +2867,7 @@ let check_endorsement_power vi bs =
     let provided = bs.endorsement_power in
     fail_unless
       Compare.Int.(provided >= required)
-      (Not_enough_endorsements {required; provided})
+      (Not_enough_attestations {required; provided})
   else return_unit
 
 (** Check that the locked round in the fitness and the locked round
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/validate_errors.ml b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/validate_errors.ml
index 175d972149d97c583a62b0a4a471eaa12b0363e8..e2070f2b7b8ee399cd4405c58a8c0e2c88294f23 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/validate_errors.ml
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/validate_errors.ml
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ module Consensus = struct
         Format.fprintf
           ppf
           "Delegate %a has zero frozen deposits; it is not allowed to \
-           bake/preendorse/endorse."
+           bake/preattest/attest."
           Signature.Public_key_hash.pp
           delegate)
       Data_encoding.(obj1 (req "delegate" Signature.Public_key_hash.encoding))
@@ -70,24 +70,24 @@ module Consensus = struct
   (** This type is only used in consensus operation errors to make
       them more informative. *)
   type consensus_operation_kind =
-    | Preendorsement
-    | Endorsement
+    | Preattestation
+    | Attestation
     | Dal_attestation
 
   let consensus_operation_kind_encoding =
     Data_encoding.string_enum
       [
-        ("Preendorsement", Preendorsement);
-        ("Endorsement", Endorsement);
+        ("Preattestation", Preattestation);
+        ("Attestation", Attestation);
         ("Dal_attestation", Dal_attestation);
       ]
 
   let consensus_operation_kind_pp fmt = function
-    | Preendorsement -> Format.fprintf fmt "Preendorsement"
-    | Endorsement -> Format.fprintf fmt "Endorsement"
+    | Preattestation -> Format.fprintf fmt "Preattestation"
+    | Attestation -> Format.fprintf fmt "Attestation"
     | Dal_attestation -> Format.fprintf fmt "Dal_attestation"
 
-  (** Errors for preendorsements and endorsements. *)
+  (** Errors for preattestation and attestation. *)
   type error +=
     | Consensus_operation_for_old_level of {
         kind : consensus_operation_kind;
@@ -114,9 +114,9 @@ module Consensus = struct
         expected : Block_payload_hash.t;
         provided : Block_payload_hash.t;
       }
-    | Unexpected_preendorsement_in_block
-    | Unexpected_endorsement_in_block
-    | Preendorsement_round_too_high of {
+    | Unexpected_preattestation_in_block
+    | Unexpected_attestation_in_block
+    | Preattestation_round_too_high of {
         block_round : Round.t;
         provided : Round.t;
       }
@@ -266,32 +266,32 @@ module Consensus = struct
         Wrong_payload_hash_for_consensus_operation {kind; expected; provided}) ;
     register_error_kind
       `Permanent
-      ~id:"validate.unexpected_preendorsement_in_block"
-      ~title:"Unexpected preendorsement in block"
-      ~description:"Unexpected preendorsement in block."
+      ~id:"validate.unexpected_preattestation_in_block"
+      ~title:"Unexpected preattestation in block"
+      ~description:"Unexpected preattestation in block."
       ~pp:(fun ppf () ->
-        Format.fprintf ppf "Unexpected preendorsement in block.")
+        Format.fprintf ppf "Unexpected preattestation in block.")
       Data_encoding.empty
-      (function Unexpected_preendorsement_in_block -> Some () | _ -> None)
-      (fun () -> Unexpected_preendorsement_in_block) ;
+      (function Unexpected_preattestation_in_block -> Some () | _ -> None)
+      (fun () -> Unexpected_preattestation_in_block) ;
     register_error_kind
       `Permanent
-      ~id:"validate.unexpected_endorsement_in_block"
-      ~title:"Unexpected endorsement in block"
-      ~description:"Unexpected endorsement in block."
-      ~pp:(fun ppf () -> Format.fprintf ppf "Unexpected endorsement in block.")
+      ~id:"validate.unexpected_attestation_in_block"
+      ~title:"Unexpected attestation in block"
+      ~description:"Unexpected attestation in block."
+      ~pp:(fun ppf () -> Format.fprintf ppf "Unexpected attestation in block.")
       Data_encoding.empty
-      (function Unexpected_endorsement_in_block -> Some () | _ -> None)
-      (fun () -> Unexpected_endorsement_in_block) ;
+      (function Unexpected_attestation_in_block -> Some () | _ -> None)
+      (fun () -> Unexpected_attestation_in_block) ;
     register_error_kind
       `Permanent
-      ~id:"validate.preendorsement_round_too_high"
-      ~title:"Preendorsement round too high"
-      ~description:"Preendorsement round too high."
+      ~id:"validate.preattestation_round_too_high"
+      ~title:"Preattestation round too high"
+      ~description:"Preattestation round too high."
       ~pp:(fun ppf (block_round, provided) ->
         Format.fprintf
           ppf
-          "Preendorsement round too high (block_round: %a, provided: %a)."
+          "Preattestation round too high (block_round: %a, provided: %a)."
           Round.pp
           block_round
           Round.pp
@@ -299,16 +299,16 @@ module Consensus = struct
       Data_encoding.(
         obj2 (req "block_round" Round.encoding) (req "provided" Round.encoding))
       (function
-        | Preendorsement_round_too_high {block_round; provided} ->
+        | Preattestation_round_too_high {block_round; provided} ->
             Some (block_round, provided)
         | _ -> None)
       (fun (block_round, provided) ->
-        Preendorsement_round_too_high {block_round; provided}) ;
+        Preattestation_round_too_high {block_round; provided}) ;
     register_error_kind
       `Permanent
       ~id:"validate.wrong_slot_for_consensus_operation"
       ~title:"Wrong slot for consensus operation"
-      ~description:"Wrong slot used for a preendorsement or endorsement."
+      ~description:"Wrong slot used for a preattestation or attestation."
       ~pp:(fun ppf kind ->
         Format.fprintf
           ppf
@@ -677,20 +677,20 @@ module Anonymous = struct
         | _ -> None)
       (fun (edpkh, conflict) -> Conflicting_activation {edpkh; conflict})
 
-  type denunciation_kind = Preendorsement | Endorsement | Block
+  type denunciation_kind = Preattestation | Attestation | Block
 
   let denunciation_kind_encoding =
     let open Data_encoding in
     string_enum
       [
-        ("preendorsement", Preendorsement);
-        ("endorsement", Endorsement);
+        ("preattestation", Preattestation);
+        ("attestation", Attestation);
         ("block", Block);
       ]
 
   let pp_denunciation_kind fmt : denunciation_kind -> unit = function
-    | Preendorsement -> Format.fprintf fmt "preendorsement"
-    | Endorsement -> Format.fprintf fmt "endorsement"
+    | Preattestation -> Format.fprintf fmt "preattestation"
+    | Attestation -> Format.fprintf fmt "attestation"
     | Block -> Format.fprintf fmt "block"
 
   type error +=
@@ -1263,7 +1263,7 @@ let () =
 module Block = struct
   (* All block errors are permanent. *)
   type error +=
-    | Not_enough_endorsements of {required : int; provided : int}
+    | Not_enough_attestations of {required : int; provided : int}
     | Inconsistent_validation_passes_in_block of {
         expected : int;
         provided : int;
@@ -1284,23 +1284,23 @@ module Block = struct
   let () =
     register_error_kind
       `Permanent
-      ~id:"validate.block.not_enough_endorsements"
-      ~title:"Not enough endorsements"
+      ~id:"validate.block.not_enough_attestations"
+      ~title:"Not enough attestations"
       ~description:
         "The block being validated does not include the required minimum \
-         number of endorsements."
+         number of attestations."
       ~pp:(fun ppf (required, provided) ->
         Format.fprintf
           ppf
-          "Wrong number of endorsements (%i), at least %i are expected"
+          "Wrong number of attestations (%i), at least %i are expected"
           provided
           required)
       Data_encoding.(obj2 (req "required" int31) (req "provided" int31))
       (function
-        | Not_enough_endorsements {required; provided} ->
+        | Not_enough_attestations {required; provided} ->
             Some (required, provided)
         | _ -> None)
-      (fun (required, provided) -> Not_enough_endorsements {required; provided}) ;
+      (fun (required, provided) -> Not_enough_attestations {required; provided}) ;
     register_error_kind
       `Permanent
       ~id:"validate.block.inconsistent_validation_passes_in_block"
diff --git a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/validate_errors.mli b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/validate_errors.mli
index 305a214b727ee3a89728182789cbff07a62203cf..b1d4732f0947464d8214b11447c67d04afd9ff4e 100644
--- a/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/validate_errors.mli
+++ b/src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/validate_errors.mli
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@ type operation_conflict =
 (** Errors that may arise while validating a consensus operation. *)
 module Consensus : sig
   type consensus_operation_kind =
-    | Preendorsement
-    | Endorsement
+    | Preattestation
+    | Attestation
     | Dal_attestation
 
-  (** Errors for preendorsements and endorsements. *)
+  (** Errors for preattestations and attestations. *)
   type error +=
     | Zero_frozen_deposits of Signature.Public_key_hash.t
     | Consensus_operation_not_allowed
@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@ module Consensus : sig
         expected : Block_payload_hash.t;
         provided : Block_payload_hash.t;
       }
-    | Unexpected_preendorsement_in_block
-    | Unexpected_endorsement_in_block
-    | Preendorsement_round_too_high of {
+    | Unexpected_preattestation_in_block
+    | Unexpected_attestation_in_block
+    | Preattestation_round_too_high of {
         block_round : Round.t;
         provided : Round.t;
       }
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ end
 
 (** Errors that may arise while validating an anonymous operation. *)
 module Anonymous : sig
-  type denunciation_kind = Preendorsement | Endorsement | Block
+  type denunciation_kind = Preattestation | Attestation | Block
 
   type error +=
     | Invalid_activation of {pkh : Ed25519.Public_key_hash.t}
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ type error += Failing_noop_error
 
 module Block : sig
   type error +=
-    | Not_enough_endorsements of {required : int; provided : int}
+    | Not_enough_attestations of {required : int; provided : int}
     | Inconsistent_validation_passes_in_block of {
         expected : int;
         provided : int;