diff --git a/app/models/ci/catalog/resource.rb b/app/models/ci/catalog/resource.rb
index a4535a2a17ddfe6715e15314365fdbb35ae7d270..32f469ac265613fe47a5b71a685625ca8aca2849 100644
--- a/app/models/ci/catalog/resource.rb
+++ b/app/models/ci/catalog/resource.rb
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ class Resource < ::ApplicationRecord
       belongs_to :project
       has_many :components, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resources::Component', foreign_key: :catalog_resource_id,
         inverse_of: :catalog_resource
+      has_many :component_usages, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resources::Components::Usage',
+        foreign_key: :catalog_resource_id, inverse_of: :catalog_resource
       has_many :versions, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resources::Version', foreign_key: :catalog_resource_id,
         inverse_of: :catalog_resource
       has_many :sync_events, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resources::SyncEvent', foreign_key: :catalog_resource_id,
diff --git a/app/models/ci/catalog/resources/component.rb b/app/models/ci/catalog/resources/component.rb
index 07d5404981bacb73531aca8d8c23e8dab4265f95..88e6f301c4853cfa5c77728e7c0ba5e7043f87fe 100644
--- a/app/models/ci/catalog/resources/component.rb
+++ b/app/models/ci/catalog/resources/component.rb
@@ -6,13 +6,16 @@ module Resources
       # This class represents a CI/CD Catalog resource component.
       # The data will be used as metadata of a component.
       class Component < ::ApplicationRecord
-        include BulkInsertSafe
-
         self.table_name = 'catalog_resource_components'
 
         belongs_to :project, inverse_of: :ci_components
         belongs_to :catalog_resource, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resource', inverse_of: :components
         belongs_to :version, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resources::Version', inverse_of: :components
+        has_many :usages, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resources::Components::Usage', inverse_of: :component
+
+        # BulkInsertSafe must be included after the `has_many` declaration, otherwise it raises
+        # an error about the save callback that is auto generated for this association.
+        include BulkInsertSafe
 
         enum resource_type: { template: 1 }
 
diff --git a/app/models/ci/catalog/resources/components/usage.rb b/app/models/ci/catalog/resources/components/usage.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b721e57d0a75eadb56aa380555ce346b979dfc0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/models/ci/catalog/resources/components/usage.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Ci
+  module Catalog
+    module Resources
+      module Components
+        # This model is used to track when a project includes a component in a pipeline.
+        # The column `used_by_project_id` does not have an FK constraint because we want
+        # to preserve historical usage data.
+        class Usage < ::ApplicationRecord
+          include PartitionedTable
+
+          self.table_name = 'p_catalog_resource_component_usages'
+          self.primary_key = :id
+
+          # TODO: Retention period to be shortened in https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/443681
+          partitioned_by :used_date, strategy: :monthly, retain_for: 12.months
+
+          belongs_to :component, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resources::Component', inverse_of: :usages
+          belongs_to :catalog_resource, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resource', inverse_of: :component_usages
+          belongs_to :project, inverse_of: :ci_component_usages
+
+          validates :component, :catalog_resource, :project, :used_by_project_id, presence: true
+          validates :used_date, uniqueness: { scope: [:component_id, :used_by_project_id] }
+
+          before_validation :set_used_date, unless: :used_date?
+
+          private
+
+          def set_used_date
+            self.used_date = Date.today
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/app/models/project.rb b/app/models/project.rb
index 70e9c82014a389e2bf99f465c1350ca42197f64d..738a5210a78e1bf421c18b9ea65cbedd0c18fc48 100644
--- a/app/models/project.rb
+++ b/app/models/project.rb
@@ -189,6 +189,8 @@ class Project < ApplicationRecord
 
   has_one :catalog_resource, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resource', inverse_of: :project
   has_many :ci_components, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resources::Component', inverse_of: :project
+  # These are usages of the ci_components owned (not used) by the project
+  has_many :ci_component_usages, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resources::Components::Usage', inverse_of: :project
   has_many :catalog_resource_versions, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resources::Version', inverse_of: :project
   has_many :catalog_resource_sync_events, class_name: 'Ci::Catalog::Resources::SyncEvent', inverse_of: :project
 
diff --git a/config/initializers/postgres_partitioning.rb b/config/initializers/postgres_partitioning.rb
index 56dd1cb43f1810356441279a2c28b9629d8cbf09..2b56e0eea191a6111428a1e72b3db6b8d90f0b06 100644
--- a/config/initializers/postgres_partitioning.rb
+++ b/config/initializers/postgres_partitioning.rb
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@
     BatchedGitRefUpdates::Deletion,
     Users::ProjectVisit,
     Users::GroupVisit,
-    Ci::Catalog::Resources::SyncEvent
+    Ci::Catalog::Resources::SyncEvent,
+    Ci::Catalog::Resources::Components::Usage
   ])
 
 if Gitlab.ee?
diff --git a/db/docs/p_catalog_resource_component_usages.yml b/db/docs/p_catalog_resource_component_usages.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1d176b501f74c27a3a81c1e7b7f7df59c25f5b0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/docs/p_catalog_resource_component_usages.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+---
+table_name: p_catalog_resource_component_usages
+classes:
+- Ci::Catalog::Resources::Components::Usage
+feature_categories:
+- pipeline_composition
+description: Tracks when a project includes a CI component in a pipeline.
+introduced_by_url: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/145881
+milestone: '16.10'
+gitlab_schema: gitlab_main_cell
+sharding_key:
+  project_id: projects
diff --git a/db/migrate/20240301210341_create_catalog_resource_component_usages_table.rb b/db/migrate/20240301210341_create_catalog_resource_component_usages_table.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..307068fc09691785e54a544e77cd226ebcb44c5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/migrate/20240301210341_create_catalog_resource_component_usages_table.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class CreateCatalogResourceComponentUsagesTable < Gitlab::Database::Migration[2.2]
+  milestone '16.10'
+
+  enable_lock_retries!
+
+  CATALOG_RESOURCE_INDEX_NAME = 'idx_p_catalog_resource_component_usages_on_catalog_resource_id'
+  UNIQUE_INDEX_NAME = 'idx_component_usages_on_component_used_by_project_and_used_date'
+
+  def up
+    options = {
+      primary_key: [:id, :used_date],
+      options: 'PARTITION BY RANGE (used_date)',
+      if_not_exists: true
+    }
+
+    create_table(:p_catalog_resource_component_usages, **options) do |t|
+      t.bigserial :id, null: false
+      t.bigint :component_id, null: false
+      t.bigint :catalog_resource_id, null: false
+      t.bigint :project_id, null: false, index: true
+      t.bigint :used_by_project_id, null: false
+      t.date :used_date, null: false
+
+      t.index :catalog_resource_id, name: CATALOG_RESOURCE_INDEX_NAME
+      t.index [:component_id, :used_by_project_id, :used_date], unique: true, name: UNIQUE_INDEX_NAME
+    end
+  end
+
+  def down
+    drop_table :p_catalog_resource_component_usages
+  end
+end
diff --git a/db/migrate/20240301210400_add_component_fk_to_catalog_resource_component_usages.rb b/db/migrate/20240301210400_add_component_fk_to_catalog_resource_component_usages.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5d524373596e0c6728f928312f42615db2892183
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/migrate/20240301210400_add_component_fk_to_catalog_resource_component_usages.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class AddComponentFkToCatalogResourceComponentUsages < Gitlab::Database::Migration[2.2]
+  include Gitlab::Database::PartitioningMigrationHelpers::ForeignKeyHelpers
+
+  milestone '16.10'
+
+  disable_ddl_transaction!
+
+  def up
+    add_concurrent_partitioned_foreign_key :p_catalog_resource_component_usages, :catalog_resource_components,
+      column: :component_id, on_delete: :cascade
+  end
+
+  def down
+    with_lock_retries do
+      remove_foreign_key :p_catalog_resource_component_usages, column: :component_id
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/db/migrate/20240301210420_add_catalog_resource_fk_to_catalog_resource_component_usages.rb b/db/migrate/20240301210420_add_catalog_resource_fk_to_catalog_resource_component_usages.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2ea97f7d74cc378047f8960763124214d50d41cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/migrate/20240301210420_add_catalog_resource_fk_to_catalog_resource_component_usages.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class AddCatalogResourceFkToCatalogResourceComponentUsages < Gitlab::Database::Migration[2.2]
+  include Gitlab::Database::PartitioningMigrationHelpers::ForeignKeyHelpers
+
+  milestone '16.10'
+
+  disable_ddl_transaction!
+
+  def up
+    add_concurrent_partitioned_foreign_key :p_catalog_resource_component_usages, :catalog_resources,
+      column: :catalog_resource_id, on_delete: :cascade
+  end
+
+  def down
+    with_lock_retries do
+      remove_foreign_key :p_catalog_resource_component_usages, column: :catalog_resource_id
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/db/migrate/20240301210440_add_project_fk_to_catalog_resource_component_usages.rb b/db/migrate/20240301210440_add_project_fk_to_catalog_resource_component_usages.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5056c748d1505ddbe542ecdfc8fa2cf1d1bcbadf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/migrate/20240301210440_add_project_fk_to_catalog_resource_component_usages.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class AddProjectFkToCatalogResourceComponentUsages < Gitlab::Database::Migration[2.2]
+  include Gitlab::Database::PartitioningMigrationHelpers::ForeignKeyHelpers
+
+  milestone '16.10'
+
+  disable_ddl_transaction!
+
+  def up
+    add_concurrent_partitioned_foreign_key :p_catalog_resource_component_usages, :projects,
+      column: :project_id, on_delete: :cascade
+  end
+
+  def down
+    with_lock_retries do
+      remove_foreign_key :p_catalog_resource_component_usages, column: :project_id
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/db/schema_migrations/20240301210341 b/db/schema_migrations/20240301210341
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..af61e0549cd2d61694493443c365cb76cb3bea3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/schema_migrations/20240301210341
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+e7f5750d0c275f509cffa49a1365c9fff53362bf5b9f7239a1be5c67cb62273c
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/db/schema_migrations/20240301210400 b/db/schema_migrations/20240301210400
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..356410a04eb356904f5fab036fc3c8052ff26720
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/schema_migrations/20240301210400
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+1b8a8f741ac2fcf7088e5f4ab53d725cbdda3b69665b8bd128d7292ec4f396fd
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/db/schema_migrations/20240301210420 b/db/schema_migrations/20240301210420
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..964f42380ffee6522e9149a3ed09971732f24e70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/schema_migrations/20240301210420
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+f7e58e44184c7591938373d2024d5d1a1192695f32272e09e24da12944f6c108
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/db/schema_migrations/20240301210440 b/db/schema_migrations/20240301210440
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0b22d0dba87c45b65f39253c0ae2825959f37ffc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/schema_migrations/20240301210440
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+748b812798302fd55a6696ad37d79ae42634f499a3c0733b7b7ec6089424182f
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/db/structure.sql b/db/structure.sql
index 4ad48e8acdefb22fec46fe35b24ff1a682b65b1f..9f0fbaa2ebd2b275b402e30b398eed42b5cb3dfe 100644
--- a/db/structure.sql
+++ b/db/structure.sql
@@ -12174,6 +12174,25 @@ CREATE SEQUENCE p_batched_git_ref_updates_deletions_id_seq
 
 ALTER SEQUENCE p_batched_git_ref_updates_deletions_id_seq OWNED BY p_batched_git_ref_updates_deletions.id;
 
+CREATE TABLE p_catalog_resource_component_usages (
+    id bigint NOT NULL,
+    component_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    catalog_resource_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    project_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    used_by_project_id bigint NOT NULL,
+    used_date date NOT NULL
+)
+PARTITION BY RANGE (used_date);
+
+CREATE SEQUENCE p_catalog_resource_component_usages_id_seq
+    START WITH 1
+    INCREMENT BY 1
+    NO MINVALUE
+    NO MAXVALUE
+    CACHE 1;
+
+ALTER SEQUENCE p_catalog_resource_component_usages_id_seq OWNED BY p_catalog_resource_component_usages.id;
+
 CREATE SEQUENCE p_catalog_resource_sync_events_id_seq
     START WITH 1
     INCREMENT BY 1
@@ -19140,6 +19159,8 @@ ALTER TABLE ONLY organizations ALTER COLUMN id SET DEFAULT nextval('organization
 
 ALTER TABLE ONLY p_batched_git_ref_updates_deletions ALTER COLUMN id SET DEFAULT nextval('p_batched_git_ref_updates_deletions_id_seq'::regclass);
 
+ALTER TABLE ONLY p_catalog_resource_component_usages ALTER COLUMN id SET DEFAULT nextval('p_catalog_resource_component_usages_id_seq'::regclass);
+
 ALTER TABLE ONLY p_catalog_resource_sync_events ALTER COLUMN id SET DEFAULT nextval('p_catalog_resource_sync_events_id_seq'::regclass);
 
 ALTER TABLE ONLY p_ci_builds_metadata ALTER COLUMN id SET DEFAULT nextval('ci_builds_metadata_id_seq'::regclass);
@@ -21447,6 +21468,9 @@ ALTER TABLE ONLY organizations
 ALTER TABLE ONLY p_batched_git_ref_updates_deletions
     ADD CONSTRAINT p_batched_git_ref_updates_deletions_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id, partition_id);
 
+ALTER TABLE ONLY p_catalog_resource_component_usages
+    ADD CONSTRAINT p_catalog_resource_component_usages_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id, used_date);
+
 ALTER TABLE ONLY p_catalog_resource_sync_events
     ADD CONSTRAINT p_catalog_resource_sync_events_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id, partition_id);
 
@@ -23554,6 +23578,8 @@ CREATE INDEX idx_ci_pipelines_artifacts_locked ON ci_pipelines USING btree (ci_r
 
 CREATE INDEX idx_compliance_security_policies_on_policy_configuration_id ON compliance_framework_security_policies USING btree (policy_configuration_id);
 
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_component_usages_on_component_used_by_project_and_used_date ON ONLY p_catalog_resource_component_usages USING btree (component_id, used_by_project_id, used_date);
+
 CREATE INDEX idx_container_exp_policies_on_project_id_next_run_at ON container_expiration_policies USING btree (project_id, next_run_at) WHERE (enabled = true);
 
 CREATE INDEX idx_container_exp_policies_on_project_id_next_run_at_enabled ON container_expiration_policies USING btree (project_id, next_run_at, enabled);
@@ -23662,6 +23688,8 @@ CREATE INDEX idx_on_protected_branch ON approval_group_rules_protected_branches
 
 CREATE INDEX idx_open_issues_on_project_and_confidential_and_author_and_id ON issues USING btree (project_id, confidential, author_id, id) WHERE (state_id = 1);
 
+CREATE INDEX idx_p_catalog_resource_component_usages_on_catalog_resource_id ON ONLY p_catalog_resource_component_usages USING btree (catalog_resource_id);
+
 CREATE INDEX idx_packages_debian_group_component_files_on_architecture_id ON packages_debian_group_component_files USING btree (architecture_id);
 
 CREATE INDEX idx_packages_debian_project_component_files_on_architecture_id ON packages_debian_project_component_files USING btree (architecture_id);
@@ -26024,6 +26052,8 @@ CREATE INDEX index_organizations_on_path_trigram ON organizations USING gin (pat
 
 CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_organizations_on_unique_name_per_group ON customer_relations_organizations USING btree (group_id, lower(name), id);
 
+CREATE INDEX index_p_catalog_resource_component_usages_on_project_id ON ONLY p_catalog_resource_component_usages USING btree (project_id);
+
 CREATE INDEX index_p_catalog_resource_sync_events_on_id_where_pending ON ONLY p_catalog_resource_sync_events USING btree (id) WHERE (status = 1);
 
 CREATE INDEX index_p_ci_finished_build_ch_sync_events_finished_at ON ONLY p_ci_finished_build_ch_sync_events USING btree (partition, build_finished_at);
@@ -30604,6 +30634,9 @@ ALTER TABLE ONLY operations_user_lists
 ALTER TABLE ONLY resource_link_events
     ADD CONSTRAINT fk_rails_0cea73eba5 FOREIGN KEY (child_work_item_id) REFERENCES issues(id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
 
+ALTER TABLE p_catalog_resource_component_usages
+    ADD CONSTRAINT fk_rails_0e15a4677f FOREIGN KEY (project_id) REFERENCES projects(id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+
 ALTER TABLE ONLY audit_events_google_cloud_logging_configurations
     ADD CONSTRAINT fk_rails_0eb52fc617 FOREIGN KEY (namespace_id) REFERENCES namespaces(id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
 
@@ -31585,6 +31618,9 @@ ALTER TABLE ONLY alert_management_alert_assignees
 ALTER TABLE ONLY scim_identities
     ADD CONSTRAINT fk_rails_9421a0bffb FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
 
+ALTER TABLE p_catalog_resource_component_usages
+    ADD CONSTRAINT fk_rails_9430673479 FOREIGN KEY (catalog_resource_id) REFERENCES catalog_resources(id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+
 ALTER TABLE ONLY packages_debian_project_distributions
     ADD CONSTRAINT fk_rails_94b95e1f84 FOREIGN KEY (creator_id) REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE SET NULL;
 
@@ -32131,6 +32167,9 @@ ALTER TABLE ONLY label_priorities
 ALTER TABLE ONLY packages_packages
     ADD CONSTRAINT fk_rails_e1ac527425 FOREIGN KEY (project_id) REFERENCES projects(id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
 
+ALTER TABLE p_catalog_resource_component_usages
+    ADD CONSTRAINT fk_rails_e1ba64b7ee FOREIGN KEY (component_id) REFERENCES catalog_resource_components(id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+
 ALTER TABLE ONLY cluster_platforms_kubernetes
     ADD CONSTRAINT fk_rails_e1e2cf841a FOREIGN KEY (cluster_id) REFERENCES clusters(id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
 
diff --git a/ee/spec/models/factories_spec.rb b/ee/spec/models/factories_spec.rb
index 3b2910fb93d0cd91ec09fc8e58807f1208577a69..395c56f78a38ab415b0613ed0c1b6f254c01ceca 100644
--- a/ee/spec/models/factories_spec.rb
+++ b/ee/spec/models/factories_spec.rb
@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@
   # is being mutated.
   skip_factory_defaults = %i[
     ci_catalog_resource_component
+    ci_catalog_resource_component_usage
     ci_catalog_resource_version
     ci_job_token_project_scope_link
     ci_subscriptions_project
diff --git a/spec/db/schema_spec.rb b/spec/db/schema_spec.rb
index f7f570c43e6b9b89afdb73375bbd7629da523270..38f3d9695505a91073dd00f5f6b1aad93b9c16d7 100644
--- a/spec/db/schema_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/db/schema_spec.rb
@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@
     p_ci_builds: %w[erased_by_id trigger_request_id partition_id auto_canceled_by_partition_id],
     p_batched_git_ref_updates_deletions: %w[project_id partition_id],
     p_catalog_resource_sync_events: %w[catalog_resource_id project_id partition_id],
+    p_catalog_resource_component_usages: %w[used_by_project_id], # No FK constraint because we want to preserve historical usage data
     p_ci_finished_build_ch_sync_events: %w[build_id],
     p_ci_job_artifacts: %w[partition_id project_id job_id],
     p_ci_pipeline_variables: %w[partition_id],
diff --git a/spec/factories/ci/catalog/resources/components/usages.rb b/spec/factories/ci/catalog/resources/components/usages.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2fe358e90724fbdd5dd2a9b7d029f6ba32582b6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/factories/ci/catalog/resources/components/usages.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+FactoryBot.define do
+  factory :ci_catalog_resource_component_usage, class: 'Ci::Catalog::Resources::Components::Usage' do
+    component factory: :ci_catalog_resource_component
+    catalog_resource { component.catalog_resource }
+    project { component.project }
+    used_by_project_id { 1 }
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/lib/gitlab/import_export/all_models.yml b/spec/lib/gitlab/import_export/all_models.yml
index 9cc72612583691352f8c3f120f120b29fb150ef2..9b49b829e5181bc0e2a042bd1e4ad0db5366a353 100644
--- a/spec/lib/gitlab/import_export/all_models.yml
+++ b/spec/lib/gitlab/import_export/all_models.yml
@@ -533,6 +533,7 @@ project:
 - catalog_resource_sync_events
 - catalog_resource_versions
 - ci_components
+- ci_component_usages
 - external_status_checks
 - base_tags
 - project_topics
diff --git a/spec/models/ci/catalog/resource_spec.rb b/spec/models/ci/catalog/resource_spec.rb
index 20349a02352d8d28bcde93622ac9ec18433abb85..1aa71c9473e71006c75977fd6cf736f9a5c98f6b 100644
--- a/spec/models/ci/catalog/resource_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ci/catalog/resource_spec.rb
@@ -26,6 +26,12 @@
       have_many(:components).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resources::Component').with_foreign_key(:catalog_resource_id))
   end
 
+  it do
+    is_expected.to(
+      have_many(:component_usages).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resources::Components::Usage')
+        .with_foreign_key(:catalog_resource_id))
+  end
+
   it do
     is_expected.to(
       have_many(:versions).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resources::Version').with_foreign_key(:catalog_resource_id))
diff --git a/spec/models/ci/catalog/resources/component_spec.rb b/spec/models/ci/catalog/resources/component_spec.rb
index 2ee911759203e5eabd0782f4012bc448b676440b..bf0506f61658c5e017c1fe1ed2f31d0e4553b29b 100644
--- a/spec/models/ci/catalog/resources/component_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ci/catalog/resources/component_spec.rb
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
   it { is_expected.to belong_to(:catalog_resource).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resource') }
   it { is_expected.to belong_to(:project) }
   it { is_expected.to belong_to(:version).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resources::Version') }
+  it { is_expected.to have_many(:usages).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resources::Components::Usage') }
 
   it_behaves_like 'a BulkInsertSafe model', described_class do
     let_it_be(:project) { create(:project, :readme, description: 'project description') }
diff --git a/spec/models/ci/catalog/resources/components/usage_spec.rb b/spec/models/ci/catalog/resources/components/usage_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c8d74bef7c5920aa2d5fd31a10557a868845aaee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/models/ci/catalog/resources/components/usage_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe Ci::Catalog::Resources::Components::Usage, type: :model, feature_category: :pipeline_composition do
+  let_it_be(:component) { create(:ci_catalog_resource_component) }
+  let(:component_usage) { build(:ci_catalog_resource_component_usage, component: component) }
+
+  it { is_expected.to belong_to(:component).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resources::Component') }
+  it { is_expected.to belong_to(:catalog_resource).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resource') }
+  it { is_expected.to belong_to(:project).class_name('Project') }
+
+  describe 'validations' do
+    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:component) }
+    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:catalog_resource) }
+    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:project) }
+    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:used_by_project_id) }
+
+    it do
+      component_usage.save!
+
+      expect(component_usage).to validate_uniqueness_of(:used_date)
+        .scoped_to([:component_id, :used_by_project_id])
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'callbacks' do
+    describe 'used date', :freeze_time do
+      context 'when used date is not provided' do
+        it 'sets the used date to today' do
+          component_usage.save!
+
+          expect(component_usage.reload.used_date).to eq(Date.today)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when used date is provided' do
+        it 'sets the given used date' do
+          component_usage.used_date = Date.today + 1.day
+          component_usage.save!
+
+          expect(component_usage.reload.used_date).to eq(Date.today + 1.day)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'monthly partitioning', :freeze_time do
+    let(:partition_manager) { Gitlab::Database::Partitioning::PartitionManager.new(described_class) }
+
+    it 'drops partitions older than 12 months' do
+      # We start with the intialized partitions
+      oldest_partition = described_class.partitioning_strategy.current_partitions.min_by(&:from)
+      newest_partition = described_class.partitioning_strategy.current_partitions.max_by(&:from)
+
+      # We add one usage record into the oldest and newest partitions
+      create(:ci_catalog_resource_component_usage, component: component, used_date: oldest_partition.from)
+      create(:ci_catalog_resource_component_usage, component: component, used_date: newest_partition.from)
+
+      expect(described_class.count).to eq(2)
+
+      # After traveling forward 12 months from the oldest partition month
+      travel_to(oldest_partition.to + 12.months + 1.day)
+
+      # the oldest partition is dropped
+      partition_manager.sync_partitions
+
+      expect(described_class.partitioning_strategy.current_partitions.include?(oldest_partition)).to eq(false)
+
+      # and we only have the usage record from the remaining partitions
+      expect(described_class.count).to eq(1)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/models/project_spec.rb b/spec/models/project_spec.rb
index 36e715985de19af52676267e7b45b8119b87d885..8bc5aff6e02941f779d39d78898d342e7a1ea90e 100644
--- a/spec/models/project_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/project_spec.rb
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
     it { is_expected.to have_one(:slack_integration) }
     it { is_expected.to have_one(:catalog_resource) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:ci_components).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resources::Component') }
+    it { is_expected.to have_many(:ci_component_usages).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resources::Components::Usage') }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:catalog_resource_versions).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resources::Version') }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:catalog_resource_sync_events).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resources::SyncEvent') }
     it { is_expected.to have_one(:microsoft_teams_integration) }