From 3a147a4faa2cba1bc232be626a75929227e0a054 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Edwin Fernando <ef322@ic.ac.uk>
Date: Wed, 14 May 2025 09:20:44 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] RISC-V: signing and verification of messages from L1

---
 src/riscv/revm/.gitignore            |   2 +-
 src/riscv/revm/Cargo.lock            | 726 +++++++++++++++++----------
 src/riscv/revm/Cargo.toml            |  11 +-
 src/riscv/revm/bench/Cargo.toml      |   4 +-
 src/riscv/revm/bench/src/generate.rs |  19 +-
 src/riscv/revm/kernel/Cargo.toml     |   1 +
 src/riscv/revm/kernel/src/main.rs    |  12 +-
 src/riscv/revm/utils/Cargo.toml      |  11 +
 src/riscv/revm/utils/src/crypto.rs   |  98 ++++
 src/riscv/revm/utils/src/lib.rs      |   5 +
 10 files changed, 622 insertions(+), 267 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/riscv/revm/utils/Cargo.toml
 create mode 100644 src/riscv/revm/utils/src/crypto.rs
 create mode 100644 src/riscv/revm/utils/src/lib.rs

diff --git a/src/riscv/revm/.gitignore b/src/riscv/revm/.gitignore
index e19e3e3425..b37614f9d4 100644
--- a/src/riscv/revm/.gitignore
+++ b/src/riscv/revm/.gitignore
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 inbox-bench
-./inbox.json
+inbox.json
diff --git a/src/riscv/revm/Cargo.lock b/src/riscv/revm/Cargo.lock
index df75473b74..0d8bf8fff7 100644
--- a/src/riscv/revm/Cargo.lock
+++ b/src/riscv/revm/Cargo.lock
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ checksum = "512761e0bb2578dd7380c6baaa0f4ce03e84f95e960231d1dec8bf4d7d6e2627"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ahash"
-version = "0.8.12"
+version = "0.8.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5a15f179cd60c4584b8a8c596927aadc462e27f2ca70c04e0071964a73ba7a75"
+checksum = "e89da841a80418a9b391ebaea17f5c112ffaaa96f621d2c285b5174da76b9011"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "once_cell",
@@ -86,10 +86,10 @@ dependencies = [
  "alloy-serde",
  "auto_impl",
  "c-kzg",
- "derive_more",
+ "derive_more 2.0.1",
  "either",
  "serde",
- "sha2 0.10.9",
+ "sha2 0.10.8",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -114,9 +114,9 @@ dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "cfg-if",
  "const-hex",
- "derive_more",
+ "derive_more 2.0.1",
  "foldhash",
- "hashbrown",
+ "hashbrown 0.15.2",
  "indexmap",
  "itoa",
  "k256",
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ checksum = "a40e1ef334153322fd878d07e86af7a529bcb86b2439525920a88eba87bcf943"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error2",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error2",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
  "syn-solidity",
  "tiny-keccak",
 ]
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "macro-string",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
  "syn-solidity",
 ]
 
@@ -287,9 +287,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anyhow"
-version = "1.0.98"
+version = "1.0.95"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e16d2d3311acee920a9eb8d33b8cbc1787ce4a264e85f964c2404b969bdcd487"
+checksum = "34ac096ce696dc2fcabef30516bb13c0a68a11d30131d3df6f04711467681b04"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ark-bls12-381"
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "ark-std 0.5.0",
  "educe",
  "fnv",
- "hashbrown",
+ "hashbrown 0.15.2",
  "itertools 0.13.0",
  "num-bigint",
  "num-integer",
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "62945a2f7e6de02a31fe400aa489f0e0f5b2502e69f95f853adb82a96c7a6b60"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "ark-std 0.5.0",
  "educe",
  "fnv",
- "hashbrown",
+ "hashbrown 0.15.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ checksum = "213888f660fddcca0d257e88e54ac05bca01885f258ccdf695bafd77031bb69d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ checksum = "ffdcb70bdbc4d478427380519163274ac86e52916e10f0a8889adf0f96d3fee7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -628,15 +628,15 @@ checksum = "4c7f02d4ea65f2c1853089ffd8d2787bdbc63de2f0d29dedbcf8ccdfa0ccd4cf"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "base64"
-version = "0.21.7"
+version = "0.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9d297deb1925b89f2ccc13d7635fa0714f12c87adce1c75356b39ca9b7178567"
+checksum = "9e1b586273c5702936fe7b7d6896644d8be71e6314cfe09d3167c95f712589e8"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "base64"
-version = "0.22.1"
+version = "0.21.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "72b3254f16251a8381aa12e40e3c4d2f0199f8c6508fbecb9d91f575e0fbb8c6"
+checksum = "9d297deb1925b89f2ccc13d7635fa0714f12c87adce1c75356b39ca9b7178567"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "base64ct"
@@ -646,20 +646,19 @@ checksum = "89e25b6adfb930f02d1981565a6e5d9c547ac15a96606256d3b59040e5cd4ca3"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bincode"
-version = "2.0.1"
+version = "2.0.0-rc.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "36eaf5d7b090263e8150820482d5d93cd964a81e4019913c972f4edcc6edb740"
+checksum = "f11ea1a0346b94ef188834a65c068a03aec181c94896d481d7a0a40d85b0ce95"
 dependencies = [
  "bincode_derive",
  "serde",
- "unty",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bincode_derive"
-version = "2.0.1"
+version = "2.0.0-rc.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bf95709a440f45e986983918d0e8a1f30a9b1df04918fc828670606804ac3c09"
+checksum = "7e30759b3b99a1b802a7a3aa21c85c3ded5c28e1c83170d82d70f08bbf7f3e4c"
 dependencies = [
  "virtue",
 ]
@@ -703,9 +702,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
-version = "2.9.0"
+version = "2.8.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5c8214115b7bf84099f1309324e63141d4c5d7cc26862f97a0a857dbefe165bd"
+checksum = "8f68f53c83ab957f72c32642f3868eec03eb974d1fb82e453128456482613d36"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
@@ -753,6 +752,35 @@ dependencies = [
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "boa_gc"
+version = "0.19.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "716406f57d67bc3ac7fd227d5513b42df401dff14a3be22cbd8ee29817225363"
+dependencies = [
+ "boa_macros",
+ "boa_profiler",
+ "hashbrown 0.14.5",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "boa_macros"
+version = "0.19.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "240f4126219a83519bad05c9a40bfc0303921eeb571fc2d7e44c17ffac99d3f1"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
+ "synstructure",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "boa_profiler"
+version = "0.19.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "00ee0645509b3b91abd724f25072649d9e8e65653a78ff0b6e592788a58dd838"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "bs58"
 version = "0.5.1"
@@ -782,9 +810,9 @@ checksum = "1fd0f2584146f6f2ef48085050886acf353beff7305ebd1ae69500e27c67f64b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bytes"
-version = "1.10.1"
+version = "1.10.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d71b6127be86fdcfddb610f7182ac57211d4b18a3e9c82eb2d17662f2227ad6a"
+checksum = "f61dac84819c6588b558454b194026eb1f09c293b9036ae9b159e74e73ab6cf9"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
@@ -806,9 +834,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cc"
-version = "1.2.22"
+version = "1.2.14"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "32db95edf998450acc7881c932f94cd9b05c87b4b2599e8bab064753da4acfd1"
+checksum = "0c3d1b2e905a3a7b00a6141adb0e4c0bb941d11caf55349d863942a1cc44e3c9"
 dependencies = [
  "shlex",
 ]
@@ -821,9 +849,9 @@ checksum = "baf1de4339761588bc0619e3cbc0120ee582ebb74b53b4efbf79117bd2da40fd"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap"
-version = "4.5.38"
+version = "4.5.30"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ed93b9805f8ba930df42c2590f05453d5ec36cbb85d018868a5b24d31f6ac000"
+checksum = "92b7b18d71fad5313a1e320fa9897994228ce274b60faa4d694fe0ea89cd9e6d"
 dependencies = [
  "clap_builder",
  "clap_derive",
@@ -831,9 +859,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap_builder"
-version = "4.5.38"
+version = "4.5.30"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "379026ff283facf611b0ea629334361c4211d1b12ee01024eec1591133b04120"
+checksum = "a35db2071778a7344791a4fb4f95308b5673d219dee3ae348b86642574ecc90c"
 dependencies = [
  "anstream",
  "anstyle",
@@ -843,14 +871,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap_derive"
-version = "4.5.32"
+version = "4.5.28"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "09176aae279615badda0765c0c0b3f6ed53f4709118af73cf4655d85d1530cd7"
+checksum = "bf4ced95c6f4a675af3da73304b9ac4ed991640c36374e4b46795c49e17cf1ed"
 dependencies = [
  "heck 0.5.0",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -904,6 +932,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "unicode-xid",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "convert_case"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6245d59a3e82a7fc217c5828a6692dbc6dfb63a0c8c90495621f7b9d79704a0e"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "cpufeatures"
 version = "0.2.17"
@@ -1022,7 +1056,7 @@ checksum = "f46882e17999c6cc590af592290432be3bce0428cb0d5f8b6715e4dc7b383eb3"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1043,9 +1077,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "deranged"
-version = "0.4.0"
+version = "0.3.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9c9e6a11ca8224451684bc0d7d5a7adbf8f2fd6887261a1cfc3c0432f9d4068e"
+checksum = "b42b6fa04a440b495c8b04d0e71b707c585f83cb9cb28cf8cd0d976c315e31b4"
 dependencies = [
  "powerfmt",
 ]
@@ -1069,7 +1103,20 @@ checksum = "e73f2692d4bd3cac41dca28934a39894200c9fabf49586d77d0e5954af1d7902"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "derive_more"
+version = "0.99.19"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3da29a38df43d6f156149c9b43ded5e018ddff2a855cf2cfd62e8cd7d079c69f"
+dependencies = [
+ "convert_case",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "rustc_version 0.4.1",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1089,7 +1136,7 @@ checksum = "bda628edc44c4bb645fbe0f758797143e4e07926f7ebf4e9bdfbd3d2ce621df3"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
  "unicode-xid",
 ]
 
@@ -1116,23 +1163,23 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "dirs"
-version = "6.0.0"
+version = "5.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c3e8aa94d75141228480295a7d0e7feb620b1a5ad9f12bc40be62411e38cce4e"
+checksum = "44c45a9d03d6676652bcb5e724c7e988de1acad23a711b5217ab9cbecbec2225"
 dependencies = [
  "dirs-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "dirs-sys"
-version = "0.5.0"
+version = "0.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e01a3366d27ee9890022452ee61b2b63a67e6f13f58900b651ff5665f0bb1fab"
+checksum = "520f05a5cbd335fae5a99ff7a6ab8627577660ee5cfd6a94a6a929b52ff0321c"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "option-ext",
  "redox_users",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.48.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1143,7 +1190,7 @@ checksum = "97369cbbc041bc366949bc74d34658d6cda5621039731c6310521892a3a20ae0"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1206,7 +1253,7 @@ checksum = "4a3daa8e81a3963a60642bcc1f90a670680bd4a77535faa384e9d1c79d620871"
 dependencies = [
  "curve25519-dalek",
  "ed25519",
- "sha2 0.10.9",
+ "sha2 0.10.8",
  "subtle",
 ]
 
@@ -1219,7 +1266,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "enum-ordinalize",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1282,7 +1329,7 @@ checksum = "0d28318a75d4aead5c4db25382e8ef717932d0346600cacae6357eb5941bc5ff"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1293,9 +1340,9 @@ checksum = "877a4ace8713b0bcf2a4e7eec82529c029f1d0619886d18145fea96c3ffe5c0f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "errno"
-version = "0.3.11"
+version = "0.3.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "976dd42dc7e85965fe702eb8164f21f450704bdde31faefd6471dba214cb594e"
+checksum = "33d852cb9b869c2a9b3df2f71a3074817f01e1844f839a144f5fcef059a4eb5d"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "windows-sys 0.59.0",
@@ -1381,9 +1428,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "flate2"
-version = "1.1.1"
+version = "1.0.35"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7ced92e76e966ca2fd84c8f7aa01a4aea65b0eb6648d72f7c8f3e2764a67fece"
+checksum = "c936bfdafb507ebbf50b8074c54fa31c5be9a1e7e5f467dd659697041407d07c"
 dependencies = [
  "crc32fast",
  "miniz_oxide",
@@ -1397,9 +1444,9 @@ checksum = "3f9eec918d3f24069decb9af1554cad7c880e2da24a9afd88aca000531ab82c1"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "foldhash"
-version = "0.1.5"
+version = "0.1.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d9c4f5dac5e15c24eb999c26181a6ca40b39fe946cbe4c263c7209467bc83af2"
+checksum = "a0d2fde1f7b3d48b8395d5f2de76c18a528bd6a9cdde438df747bfcba3e05d6f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "form_urlencoded"
@@ -1429,9 +1476,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "getrandom"
-version = "0.2.16"
+version = "0.2.15"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "335ff9f135e4384c8150d6f27c6daed433577f86b4750418338c01a1a2528592"
+checksum = "c4567c8db10ae91089c99af84c68c38da3ec2f087c3f82960bcdbf3656b6f4d7"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "libc",
@@ -1440,9 +1487,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "getrandom"
-version = "0.3.3"
+version = "0.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "26145e563e54f2cadc477553f1ec5ee650b00862f0a58bcd12cbdc5f0ea2d2f4"
+checksum = "73fea8450eea4bac3940448fb7ae50d91f034f941199fcd9d909a5a07aa455f0"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "libc",
@@ -1480,9 +1527,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hashbrown"
-version = "0.15.3"
+version = "0.14.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "84b26c544d002229e640969970a2e74021aadf6e2f96372b9c58eff97de08eb3"
+checksum = "e5274423e17b7c9fc20b6e7e208532f9b19825d82dfd615708b70edd83df41f1"
+dependencies = [
+ "ahash",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hashbrown"
+version = "0.15.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bf151400ff0baff5465007dd2f3e717f3fe502074ca563069ce3a6629d07b289"
 dependencies = [
  "allocator-api2",
  "foldhash",
@@ -1559,22 +1615,21 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "icu_collections"
-version = "2.0.0"
+version = "1.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "200072f5d0e3614556f94a9930d5dc3e0662a652823904c3a75dc3b0af7fee47"
+checksum = "db2fa452206ebee18c4b5c2274dbf1de17008e874b4dc4f0aea9d01ca79e4526"
 dependencies = [
  "displaydoc",
- "potential_utf",
  "yoke",
  "zerofrom",
  "zerovec",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "icu_locale_core"
-version = "2.0.0"
+name = "icu_locid"
+version = "1.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0cde2700ccaed3872079a65fb1a78f6c0a36c91570f28755dda67bc8f7d9f00a"
+checksum = "13acbb8371917fc971be86fc8057c41a64b521c184808a698c02acc242dbf637"
 dependencies = [
  "displaydoc",
  "litemap",
@@ -1583,11 +1638,31 @@ dependencies = [
  "zerovec",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_locid_transform"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "01d11ac35de8e40fdeda00d9e1e9d92525f3f9d887cdd7aa81d727596788b54e"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "icu_locid",
+ "icu_locid_transform_data",
+ "icu_provider",
+ "tinystr",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_locid_transform_data"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fdc8ff3388f852bede6b579ad4e978ab004f139284d7b28715f773507b946f6e"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "icu_normalizer"
-version = "2.0.0"
+version = "1.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "436880e8e18df4d7bbc06d58432329d6458cc84531f7ac5f024e93deadb37979"
+checksum = "19ce3e0da2ec68599d193c93d088142efd7f9c5d6fc9b803774855747dc6a84f"
 dependencies = [
  "displaydoc",
  "icu_collections",
@@ -1595,54 +1670,67 @@ dependencies = [
  "icu_properties",
  "icu_provider",
  "smallvec",
+ "utf16_iter",
+ "utf8_iter",
+ "write16",
  "zerovec",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "icu_normalizer_data"
-version = "2.0.0"
+version = "1.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "00210d6893afc98edb752b664b8890f0ef174c8adbb8d0be9710fa66fbbf72d3"
+checksum = "f8cafbf7aa791e9b22bec55a167906f9e1215fd475cd22adfcf660e03e989516"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "icu_properties"
-version = "2.0.0"
+version = "1.5.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2549ca8c7241c82f59c80ba2a6f415d931c5b58d24fb8412caa1a1f02c49139a"
+checksum = "93d6020766cfc6302c15dbbc9c8778c37e62c14427cb7f6e601d849e092aeef5"
 dependencies = [
  "displaydoc",
  "icu_collections",
- "icu_locale_core",
+ "icu_locid_transform",
  "icu_properties_data",
  "icu_provider",
- "potential_utf",
- "zerotrie",
+ "tinystr",
  "zerovec",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "icu_properties_data"
-version = "2.0.0"
+version = "1.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8197e866e47b68f8f7d95249e172903bec06004b18b2937f1095d40a0c57de04"
+checksum = "67a8effbc3dd3e4ba1afa8ad918d5684b8868b3b26500753effea8d2eed19569"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "icu_provider"
-version = "2.0.0"
+version = "1.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "03c80da27b5f4187909049ee2d72f276f0d9f99a42c306bd0131ecfe04d8e5af"
+checksum = "6ed421c8a8ef78d3e2dbc98a973be2f3770cb42b606e3ab18d6237c4dfde68d9"
 dependencies = [
  "displaydoc",
- "icu_locale_core",
+ "icu_locid",
+ "icu_provider_macros",
  "stable_deref_trait",
  "tinystr",
  "writeable",
  "yoke",
  "zerofrom",
- "zerotrie",
  "zerovec",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_provider_macros"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1ec89e9337638ecdc08744df490b221a7399bf8d164eb52a665454e60e075ad6"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "idna"
 version = "1.0.3"
@@ -1656,9 +1744,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "idna_adapter"
-version = "1.2.1"
+version = "1.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3acae9609540aa318d1bc588455225fb2085b9ed0c4f6bd0d9d5bcd86f1a0344"
+checksum = "daca1df1c957320b2cf139ac61e7bd64fed304c5040df000a745aa1de3b4ef71"
 dependencies = [
  "icu_normalizer",
  "icu_properties",
@@ -1681,7 +1769,7 @@ checksum = "a0eb5a3343abf848c0984fe4604b2b105da9539376e24fc0a3b0007411ae4fd9"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1690,19 +1778,21 @@ version = "0.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-sol-types",
  "bincode",
+ "jstz_crypto",
  "revm",
  "tezos-smart-rollup",
  "tezos_data_encoding",
+ "utils",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "indexmap"
-version = "2.9.0"
+version = "2.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cea70ddb795996207ad57735b50c5982d8844f38ba9ee5f1aedcfb708a2aa11e"
+checksum = "8c9c992b02b5b4c94ea26e32fe5bccb7aa7d9f390ab5c1221ff895bc7ea8b652"
 dependencies = [
  "equivalent",
- "hashbrown",
+ "hashbrown 0.15.2",
  "serde",
 ]
 
@@ -1732,9 +1822,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "itoa"
-version = "1.0.15"
+version = "1.0.14"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4a5f13b858c8d314ee3e8f639011f7ccefe71f97f96e50151fb991f267928e2c"
+checksum = "d75a2a4b1b190afb6f5425f10f6a8f959d2ea0b9c2b1d79553551850539e4674"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "js-sys"
@@ -1746,6 +1836,22 @@ dependencies = [
  "wasm-bindgen",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "jstz_crypto"
+version = "0.1.0-alpha.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/jstz-dev/jstz.git#cc184e1111566ab608fde7755bb0eec508932cbd"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "bincode",
+ "boa_gc",
+ "derive_more 0.99.19",
+ "hex",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "tezos_crypto_rs",
+ "utoipa",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "k256"
 version = "0.13.4"
@@ -1756,7 +1862,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "ecdsa 0.16.9",
  "elliptic-curve 0.13.8",
  "once_cell",
- "sha2 0.10.9",
+ "sha2 0.10.8",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1786,9 +1892,9 @@ checksum = "bbd2bcb4c963f2ddae06a2efc7e9f3591312473c50c6685e1f298068316e66fe"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.172"
+version = "0.2.169"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d750af042f7ef4f724306de029d18836c26c1765a54a6a3f094cbd23a7267ffa"
+checksum = "b5aba8db14291edd000dfcc4d620c7ebfb122c613afb886ca8803fa4e128a20a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libm"
@@ -1809,12 +1915,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libsecp256k1"
-version = "0.7.2"
+version = "0.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e79019718125edc905a079a70cfa5f3820bc76139fc91d6f9abc27ea2a887139"
+checksum = "95b09eff1b35ed3b33b877ced3a691fc7a481919c7e29c53c906226fcf55e2a1"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayref",
- "base64 0.22.1",
+ "base64 0.13.1",
  "digest 0.9.0",
  "libsecp256k1-core",
  "libsecp256k1-gen-ecmult",
@@ -1853,6 +1959,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "libsecp256k1-core",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "linux-raw-sys"
+version = "0.4.15"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d26c52dbd32dccf2d10cac7725f8eae5296885fb5703b261f7d0a0739ec807ab"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "linux-raw-sys"
 version = "0.9.4"
@@ -1861,15 +1973,15 @@ checksum = "cd945864f07fe9f5371a27ad7b52a172b4b499999f1d97574c9fa68373937e12"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "litemap"
-version = "0.8.0"
+version = "0.7.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "241eaef5fd12c88705a01fc1066c48c4b36e0dd4377dcdc7ec3942cea7a69956"
+checksum = "4ee93343901ab17bd981295f2cf0026d4ad018c7c31ba84549a4ddbb47a45104"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "log"
-version = "0.4.27"
+version = "0.4.25"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "13dc2df351e3202783a1fe0d44375f7295ffb4049267b0f3018346dc122a1d94"
+checksum = "04cbf5b083de1c7e0222a7a51dbfdba1cbe1c6ab0b15e29fff3f6c077fd9cd9f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "macro-string"
@@ -1879,7 +1991,7 @@ checksum = "1b27834086c65ec3f9387b096d66e99f221cf081c2b738042aa252bcd41204e3"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1896,9 +2008,9 @@ checksum = "68354c5c6bd36d73ff3feceb05efa59b6acb7626617f4962be322a825e61f79a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "miniz_oxide"
-version = "0.8.8"
+version = "0.8.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3be647b768db090acb35d5ec5db2b0e1f1de11133ca123b9eacf5137868f892a"
+checksum = "b3b1c9bd4fe1f0f8b387f6eb9eb3b4a1aa26185e5750efb9140301703f62cd1b"
 dependencies = [
  "adler2",
 ]
@@ -2022,7 +2134,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2063,7 +2175,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "ecdsa 0.16.9",
  "elliptic-curve 0.13.8",
  "primeorder",
- "sha2 0.10.9",
+ "sha2 0.10.8",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2091,7 +2203,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2173,7 +2285,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "phf_shared",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2201,15 +2313,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "spki",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "potential_utf"
-version = "0.1.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e5a7c30837279ca13e7c867e9e40053bc68740f988cb07f7ca6df43cc734b585"
-dependencies = [
- "zerovec",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "powerfmt"
 version = "0.2.0"
@@ -2218,9 +2321,9 @@ checksum = "439ee305def115ba05938db6eb1644ff94165c5ab5e9420d1c1bcedbba909391"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ppv-lite86"
-version = "0.2.21"
+version = "0.2.20"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "85eae3c4ed2f50dcfe72643da4befc30deadb458a9b590d720cde2f2b1e97da9"
+checksum = "77957b295656769bb8ad2b6a6b09d897d94f05c41b069aede1fcdaa675eaea04"
 dependencies = [
  "zerocopy",
 ]
@@ -2247,9 +2350,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro-crate"
-version = "3.3.0"
+version = "3.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "edce586971a4dfaa28950c6f18ed55e0406c1ab88bbce2c6f6293a7aaba73d35"
+checksum = "8ecf48c7ca261d60b74ab1a7b20da18bede46776b2e55535cb958eb595c5fa7b"
 dependencies = [
  "toml_edit",
 ]
@@ -2273,14 +2376,14 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error-attr2",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro2"
-version = "1.0.95"
+version = "1.0.93"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "02b3e5e68a3a1a02aad3ec490a98007cbc13c37cbe84a3cd7b8e406d76e7f778"
+checksum = "60946a68e5f9d28b0dc1c21bb8a97ee7d018a8b322fa57838ba31cc878e22d99"
 dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
@@ -2328,9 +2431,9 @@ checksum = "a1d01941d82fa2ab50be1e79e6714289dd7cde78eba4c074bc5a4374f650dfe0"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "quote"
-version = "1.0.40"
+version = "1.0.38"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1885c039570dc00dcb4ff087a89e185fd56bae234ddc7f056a945bf36467248d"
+checksum = "0e4dccaaaf89514f546c693ddc140f729f958c247918a13380cccc6078391acc"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
 ]
@@ -2422,7 +2525,7 @@ version = "0.6.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ec0be4795e2f6a28069bec0b5ff3e2ac9bafc99e6a9a7dc3547996c5c816922c"
 dependencies = [
- "getrandom 0.2.16",
+ "getrandom 0.2.15",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2431,7 +2534,7 @@ version = "0.9.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "99d9a13982dcf210057a8a78572b2217b667c3beacbf3a0d8b454f6f82837d38"
 dependencies = [
- "getrandom 0.3.3",
+ "getrandom 0.3.2",
  "serde",
 ]
 
@@ -2455,31 +2558,31 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "raw-cpuid"
-version = "11.5.0"
+version = "11.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c6df7ab838ed27997ba19a4664507e6f82b41fe6e20be42929332156e5e85146"
+checksum = "529468c1335c1c03919960dfefdb1b3648858c20d7ec2d0663e728e4a717efbc"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "redox_syscall"
-version = "0.5.12"
+version = "0.5.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "928fca9cf2aa042393a8325b9ead81d2f0df4cb12e1e24cef072922ccd99c5af"
+checksum = "03a862b389f93e68874fbf580b9de08dd02facb9a788ebadaf4a3fd33cf58834"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "redox_users"
-version = "0.5.0"
+version = "0.4.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "dd6f9d3d47bdd2ad6945c5015a226ec6155d0bcdfd8f7cd29f86b71f8de99d2b"
+checksum = "ba009ff324d1fc1b900bd1fdb31564febe58a8ccc8a6fdbb93b543d33b13ca43"
 dependencies = [
- "getrandom 0.2.16",
+ "getrandom 0.2.15",
  "libredox",
- "thiserror 2.0.12",
+ "thiserror 1.0.69",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2662,6 +2765,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "revm",
  "tezos-smart-rollup",
  "tezos_crypto_rs",
+ "utils",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2686,7 +2790,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "revm-primitives",
  "ripemd",
  "secp256k1",
- "sha2 0.10.9",
+ "sha2 0.10.8",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2724,13 +2828,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ring"
-version = "0.17.14"
+version = "0.17.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a4689e6c2294d81e88dc6261c768b63bc4fcdb852be6d1352498b114f61383b7"
+checksum = "70ac5d832aa16abd7d1def883a8545280c20a60f523a370aa3a9617c2b8550ee"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
  "cfg-if",
- "getrandom 0.2.16",
+ "getrandom 0.2.15",
  "libc",
  "untrusted",
  "windows-sys 0.52.0",
@@ -2815,7 +2919,20 @@ version = "0.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "cfcb3a22ef46e85b45de6ee7e79d063319ebb6594faafcf1c225ea92ab6e9b92"
 dependencies = [
- "semver 1.0.26",
+ "semver 1.0.25",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rustix"
+version = "0.38.44"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fdb5bc1ae2baa591800df16c9ca78619bf65c0488b41b96ccec5d11220d8c154"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags",
+ "errno",
+ "libc",
+ "linux-raw-sys 0.4.15",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2827,7 +2944,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bitflags",
  "errno",
  "libc",
- "linux-raw-sys",
+ "linux-raw-sys 0.9.4",
  "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
@@ -2855,9 +2972,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustversion"
-version = "1.0.20"
+version = "1.0.19"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "eded382c5f5f786b989652c49544c4877d9f015cc22e145a5ea8ea66c2921cd2"
+checksum = "f7c45b9784283f1b2e7fb61b42047c2fd678ef0960d4f6f1eba131594cc369d4"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rusty-fork"
@@ -2873,9 +2990,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ryu"
-version = "1.0.20"
+version = "1.0.19"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "28d3b2b1366ec20994f1fd18c3c594f05c5dd4bc44d8bb0c1c632c8d6829481f"
+checksum = "6ea1a2d0a644769cc99faa24c3ad26b379b786fe7c36fd3c546254801650e6dd"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "sct"
@@ -2932,9 +3049,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "semver"
-version = "1.0.26"
+version = "1.0.25"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "56e6fa9c48d24d85fb3de5ad847117517440f6beceb7798af16b4a87d616b8d0"
+checksum = "f79dfe2d285b0488816f30e700a7438c5a73d816b5b7d3ac72fbc48b0d185e03"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "semver-parser"
@@ -2947,29 +3064,29 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde"
-version = "1.0.219"
+version = "1.0.217"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5f0e2c6ed6606019b4e29e69dbaba95b11854410e5347d525002456dbbb786b6"
+checksum = "02fc4265df13d6fa1d00ecff087228cc0a2b5f3c0e87e258d8b94a156e984c70"
 dependencies = [
  "serde_derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_derive"
-version = "1.0.219"
+version = "1.0.217"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5b0276cf7f2c73365f7157c8123c21cd9a50fbbd844757af28ca1f5925fc2a00"
+checksum = "5a9bf7cf98d04a2b28aead066b7496853d4779c9cc183c440dbac457641e19a0"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_json"
-version = "1.0.140"
+version = "1.0.138"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "20068b6e96dc6c9bd23e01df8827e6c7e1f2fddd43c21810382803c136b99373"
+checksum = "d434192e7da787e94a6ea7e9670b26a036d0ca41e0b7efb2676dd32bae872949"
 dependencies = [
  "indexmap",
  "itoa",
@@ -2993,9 +3110,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "sha2"
-version = "0.10.9"
+version = "0.10.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a7507d819769d01a365ab707794a4084392c824f54a7a6a7862f8c3d0892b283"
+checksum = "793db75ad2bcafc3ffa7c68b215fee268f537982cd901d132f89c6343f3a3dc8"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "cpufeatures",
@@ -3024,9 +3141,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "shellexpand"
-version = "3.1.1"
+version = "3.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8b1fdf65dd6331831494dd616b30351c38e96e45921a27745cf98490458b90bb"
+checksum = "da03fa3b94cc19e3ebfc88c4229c49d8f08cdbd1228870a45f0ffdf84988e14b"
 dependencies = [
  "dirs",
 ]
@@ -3065,9 +3182,9 @@ checksum = "56199f7ddabf13fe5074ce809e7d3f42b42ae711800501b5b16ea82ad029c39d"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "smallvec"
-version = "1.15.0"
+version = "1.14.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8917285742e9f3e1683f0a9c4e6b57960b7314d0b08d30d1ecd426713ee2eee9"
+checksum = "7fcf8323ef1faaee30a44a340193b1ac6814fd9b7b4e88e9d4519a3e4abe1cfd"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "spki"
@@ -3134,9 +3251,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "2.0.101"
+version = "2.0.98"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8ce2b7fc941b3a24138a0a7cf8e858bfc6a992e7978a068a5c760deb0ed43caf"
+checksum = "36147f1a48ae0ec2b5b3bc5b537d267457555a10dc06f3dbc8cb11ba3006d3b1"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -3152,18 +3269,18 @@ dependencies = [
  "paste",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "synstructure"
-version = "0.13.2"
+version = "0.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "728a70f3dbaf5bab7f0c4b1ac8d7ae5ea60a4b5549c8a5914361c99147a709d2"
+checksum = "c8af7666ab7b6390ab78131fb5b0fce11d6b7a6951602017c35fa82800708971"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3174,9 +3291,9 @@ checksum = "55937e1799185b12863d447f42597ed69d9928686b8d88a1df17376a097d8369"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tar"
-version = "0.4.44"
+version = "0.4.43"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1d863878d212c87a19c1a610eb53bb01fe12951c0501cf5a0d65f724914a667a"
+checksum = "c65998313f8e17d0d553d28f91a0df93e4dbbbf770279c7bc21ca0f09ea1a1f6"
 dependencies = [
  "filetime",
  "libc",
@@ -3185,14 +3302,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tempfile"
-version = "3.20.0"
+version = "3.19.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e8a64e3985349f2441a1a9ef0b853f869006c3855f2cda6862a94d26ebb9d6a1"
+checksum = "7437ac7763b9b123ccf33c338a5cc1bac6f69b45a136c19bdd8a65e3916435bf"
 dependencies = [
  "fastrand",
- "getrandom 0.3.3",
+ "getrandom 0.3.2",
  "once_cell",
- "rustix",
+ "rustix 1.0.7",
  "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
@@ -3296,7 +3413,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error2",
  "quote",
  "shellexpand",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
  "tezos-smart-rollup-build-utils",
 ]
 
@@ -3415,7 +3532,7 @@ checksum = "4fee6c4efc90059e10f81e6d42c60a18f76588c3d74cb83a0b242a2b6c7504c1"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3426,7 +3543,7 @@ checksum = "7f7cf42b4507d8ea322120659672cf1b9dbb93f8f2d4ecfd6e51350ff5b17a1d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3440,9 +3557,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "time"
-version = "0.3.41"
+version = "0.3.37"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8a7619e19bc266e0f9c5e6686659d394bc57973859340060a69221e57dbc0c40"
+checksum = "35e7868883861bd0e56d9ac6efcaaca0d6d5d82a2a7ec8209ff492c07cf37b21"
 dependencies = [
  "deranged",
  "itoa",
@@ -3455,15 +3572,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "time-core"
-version = "0.1.4"
+version = "0.1.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c9e9a38711f559d9e3ce1cdb06dd7c5b8ea546bc90052da6d06bb76da74bb07c"
+checksum = "ef927ca75afb808a4d64dd374f00a2adf8d0fcff8e7b184af886c3c87ec4a3f3"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "time-macros"
-version = "0.2.22"
+version = "0.2.19"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3526739392ec93fd8b359c8e98514cb3e8e021beb4e5f597b00a0221f8ed8a49"
+checksum = "2834e6017e3e5e4b9834939793b282bc03b37a3336245fa820e35e233e2a85de"
 dependencies = [
  "num-conv",
  "time-core",
@@ -3480,9 +3597,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tinystr"
-version = "0.8.1"
+version = "0.7.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5d4f6d1145dcb577acf783d4e601bc1d76a13337bb54e6233add580b07344c8b"
+checksum = "9117f5d4db391c1cf6927e7bea3db74b9a1c1add8f7eda9ffd5364f40f57b82f"
 dependencies = [
  "displaydoc",
  "zerovec",
@@ -3490,9 +3607,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tinyvec"
-version = "1.9.0"
+version = "1.8.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "09b3661f17e86524eccd4371ab0429194e0d7c008abb45f7a7495b1719463c71"
+checksum = "022db8904dfa342efe721985167e9fcd16c29b226db4397ed752a761cfce81e8"
 dependencies = [
  "tinyvec_macros",
 ]
@@ -3505,15 +3622,15 @@ checksum = "1f3ccbac311fea05f86f61904b462b55fb3df8837a366dfc601a0161d0532f20"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_datetime"
-version = "0.6.9"
+version = "0.6.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3da5db5a963e24bc68be8b17b6fa82814bb22ee8660f192bb182771d498f09a3"
+checksum = "0dd7358ecb8fc2f8d014bf86f6f638ce72ba252a2c3a2572f2a795f1d23efb41"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_edit"
-version = "0.22.26"
+version = "0.22.24"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "310068873db2c5b3e7659d2cc35d21855dbafa50d1ce336397c666e3cb08137e"
+checksum = "17b4795ff5edd201c7cd6dca065ae59972ce77d1b80fa0a84d94950ece7d1474"
 dependencies = [
  "indexmap",
  "toml_datetime",
@@ -3539,7 +3656,7 @@ checksum = "395ae124c09f9e6918a2310af6038fba074bcf474ac352496d5910dd59a2226d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3593,9 +3710,9 @@ checksum = "eaea85b334db583fe3274d12b4cd1880032beab409c0d774be044d4480ab9a94"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-ident"
-version = "1.0.18"
+version = "1.0.17"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5a5f39404a5da50712a4c1eecf25e90dd62b613502b7e925fd4e4d19b5c96512"
+checksum = "00e2473a93778eb0bad35909dff6a10d28e63f792f16ed15e404fca9d5eeedbe"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-segmentation"
@@ -3615,12 +3732,6 @@ version = "0.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8ecb6da28b8a351d773b68d5825ac39017e680750f980f3a1a85cd8dd28a47c1"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "unty"
-version = "0.0.4"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6d49784317cd0d1ee7ec5c716dd598ec5b4483ea832a2dced265471cc0f690ae"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ureq"
 version = "2.9.1"
@@ -3648,6 +3759,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "percent-encoding",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "utf16_iter"
+version = "1.0.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c8232dd3cdaed5356e0f716d285e4b40b932ac434100fe9b7e0e8e935b9e6246"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "utf8_iter"
 version = "1.0.4"
@@ -3660,6 +3777,42 @@ version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "06abde3611657adf66d383f00b093d7faecc7fa57071cce2578660c9f1010821"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "utils"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "bincode",
+ "jstz_crypto",
+ "revm",
+ "serde",
+ "tezos_crypto_rs",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "utoipa"
+version = "5.3.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "435c6f69ef38c9017b4b4eea965dfb91e71e53d869e896db40d1cf2441dd75c0"
+dependencies = [
+ "indexmap",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "utoipa-gen",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "utoipa-gen"
+version = "5.3.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a77d306bc75294fd52f3e99b13ece67c02c1a2789190a6f31d32f736624326f7"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "regex",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
+ "url",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "valuable"
 version = "0.1.1"
@@ -3674,9 +3827,9 @@ checksum = "0b928f33d975fc6ad9f86c8f283853ad26bdd5b10b7f1542aa2fa15e2289105a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "virtue"
-version = "0.0.18"
+version = "0.0.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "051eb1abcf10076295e815102942cc58f9d5e3b4560e46e53c21e8ff6f3af7b1"
+checksum = "9dcc60c0624df774c82a0ef104151231d37da4962957d691c011c852b2473314"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wait-timeout"
@@ -3723,7 +3876,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "log",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
 
@@ -3745,7 +3898,7 @@ checksum = "8ae87ea40c9f689fc23f209965b6fb8a99ad69aeeb0231408be24920604395de"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
  "wasm-bindgen-backend",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
@@ -3797,13 +3950,22 @@ version = "0.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "712e227841d057c1ee1cd2fb22fa7e5a5461ae8e48fa2ca79ec42cfc1931183f"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.48.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "677d2418bec65e3338edb076e806bc1ec15693c5d0104683f2efe857f61056a9"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-targets 0.48.5",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-sys"
 version = "0.52.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "282be5f36a8ce781fad8c8ae18fa3f9beff57ec1b52cb3de0789201425d9a33d"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-targets",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3812,7 +3974,22 @@ version = "0.59.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1e38bc4d79ed67fd075bcc251a1c39b32a1776bbe92e5bef1f0bf1f8c531853b"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-targets",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-targets"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9a2fa6e2155d7247be68c096456083145c183cbbbc2764150dda45a87197940c"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.48.5",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.48.5",
+ "windows_i686_gnu 0.48.5",
+ "windows_i686_msvc 0.48.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.48.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.48.5",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.48.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3821,28 +3998,46 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9b724f72796e036ab90c1021d4780d4d3d648aca59e491e6b98e725b84e99973"
 dependencies = [
- "windows_aarch64_gnullvm",
- "windows_aarch64_msvc",
- "windows_i686_gnu",
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.52.6",
+ "windows_i686_gnu 0.52.6",
  "windows_i686_gnullvm",
- "windows_i686_msvc",
- "windows_x86_64_gnu",
- "windows_x86_64_gnullvm",
- "windows_x86_64_msvc",
+ "windows_i686_msvc 0.52.6",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.52.6",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.52.6",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2b38e32f0abccf9987a4e3079dfb67dcd799fb61361e53e2882c3cbaf0d905d8"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "32a4622180e7a0ec044bb555404c800bc9fd9ec262ec147edd5989ccd0c02cd3"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "dc35310971f3b2dbbf3f0690a219f40e2d9afcf64f9ab7cc1be722937c26b4bc"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "09ec2a7bb152e2252b53fa7803150007879548bc709c039df7627cabbd05d469"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_gnu"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a75915e7def60c94dcef72200b9a8e58e5091744960da64ec734a6c6e9b3743e"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnu"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -3855,24 +4050,48 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0eee52d38c090b3caa76c563b86c3a4bd71ef1a819287c19d586d7334ae8ed66"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8f55c233f70c4b27f66c523580f78f1004e8b5a8b659e05a4eb49d4166cca406"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "240948bc05c5e7c6dabba28bf89d89ffce3e303022809e73deaefe4f6ec56c66"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "53d40abd2583d23e4718fddf1ebec84dbff8381c07cae67ff7768bbf19c6718e"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "147a5c80aabfbf0c7d901cb5895d1de30ef2907eb21fbbab29ca94c5b08b1a78"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0b7b52767868a23d5bab768e390dc5f5c55825b6d30b86c844ff2dc7414044cc"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "24d5b23dc417412679681396f2b49f3de8c1473deb516bd34410872eff51ed0d"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
+version = "0.48.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ed94fce61571a4006852b7389a063ab983c02eb1bb37b47f8272ce92d06d9538"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -3881,9 +4100,9 @@ checksum = "589f6da84c646204747d1270a2a5661ea66ed1cced2631d546fdfb155959f9ec"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "winnow"
-version = "0.7.10"
+version = "0.7.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c06928c8748d81b05c9be96aad92e1b6ff01833332f281e8cfca3be4b35fc9ec"
+checksum = "59690dea168f2198d1a3b0cac23b8063efcd11012f10ae4698f284808c8ef603"
 dependencies = [
  "memchr",
 ]
@@ -3897,11 +4116,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "bitflags",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "write16"
+version = "1.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d1890f4022759daae28ed4fe62859b1236caebfc61ede2f63ed4e695f3f6d936"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "writeable"
-version = "0.6.1"
+version = "0.5.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ea2f10b9bb0928dfb1b42b65e1f9e36f7f54dbdf08457afefb38afcdec4fa2bb"
+checksum = "1e9df38ee2d2c3c5948ea468a8406ff0db0b29ae1ffde1bcf20ef305bcc95c51"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wyz"
@@ -3914,19 +4139,20 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "xattr"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0d65cbf2f12c15564212d48f4e3dfb87923d25d611f2aed18f4cb23f0413d89e"
+checksum = "e105d177a3871454f754b33bb0ee637ecaaac997446375fd3e5d43a2ed00c909"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
- "rustix",
+ "linux-raw-sys 0.4.15",
+ "rustix 0.38.44",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "yoke"
-version = "0.8.0"
+version = "0.7.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5f41bb01b8226ef4bfd589436a297c53d118f65921786300e427be8d487695cc"
+checksum = "120e6aef9aa629e3d4f52dc8cc43a015c7724194c97dfaf45180d2daf2b77f40"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
  "stable_deref_trait",
@@ -3936,54 +4162,55 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "yoke-derive"
-version = "0.8.0"
+version = "0.7.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "38da3c9736e16c5d3c8c597a9aaa5d1fa565d0532ae05e27c24aa62fb32c0ab6"
+checksum = "2380878cad4ac9aac1e2435f3eb4020e8374b5f13c296cb75b4620ff8e229154"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
  "synstructure",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy"
-version = "0.8.25"
+version = "0.7.35"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a1702d9583232ddb9174e01bb7c15a2ab8fb1bc6f227aa1233858c351a3ba0cb"
+checksum = "1b9b4fd18abc82b8136838da5d50bae7bdea537c574d8dc1a34ed098d6c166f0"
 dependencies = [
+ "byteorder",
  "zerocopy-derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy-derive"
-version = "0.8.25"
+version = "0.7.35"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "28a6e20d751156648aa063f3800b706ee209a32c0b4d9f24be3d980b01be55ef"
+checksum = "fa4f8080344d4671fb4e831a13ad1e68092748387dfc4f55e356242fae12ce3e"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerofrom"
-version = "0.1.6"
+version = "0.1.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "50cc42e0333e05660c3587f3bf9d0478688e15d870fab3346451ce7f8c9fbea5"
+checksum = "cff3ee08c995dee1859d998dea82f7374f2826091dd9cd47def953cae446cd2e"
 dependencies = [
  "zerofrom-derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerofrom-derive"
-version = "0.1.6"
+version = "0.1.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d71e5d6e06ab090c67b5e44993ec16b72dcbaabc526db883a360057678b48502"
+checksum = "595eed982f7d355beb85837f651fa22e90b3c044842dc7f2c2842c086f295808"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
  "synstructure",
 ]
 
@@ -4004,25 +4231,14 @@ checksum = "ce36e65b0d2999d2aafac989fb249189a141aee1f53c612c1f37d72631959f69"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "zerotrie"
-version = "0.2.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "36f0bbd478583f79edad978b407914f61b2972f5af6fa089686016be8f9af595"
-dependencies = [
- "displaydoc",
- "yoke",
- "zerofrom",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerovec"
-version = "0.11.2"
+version = "0.10.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4a05eb080e015ba39cc9e23bbe5e7fb04d5fb040350f99f34e338d5fdd294428"
+checksum = "aa2b893d79df23bfb12d5461018d408ea19dfafe76c2c7ef6d4eba614f8ff079"
 dependencies = [
  "yoke",
  "zerofrom",
@@ -4031,13 +4247,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerovec-derive"
-version = "0.11.1"
+version = "0.10.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5b96237efa0c878c64bd89c436f661be4e46b2f3eff1ebb976f7ef2321d2f58f"
+checksum = "6eafa6dfb17584ea3e2bd6e76e0cc15ad7af12b09abdd1ca55961bed9b1063c6"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.101",
+ "syn 2.0.98",
 ]
 
 [[patch.unused]]
diff --git a/src/riscv/revm/Cargo.toml b/src/riscv/revm/Cargo.toml
index 2d5ddf4ca8..b135f29329 100644
--- a/src/riscv/revm/Cargo.toml
+++ b/src/riscv/revm/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [workspace]
-members = ["bench", "kernel"]
+members = ["bench", "kernel", "utils"]
 resolver = "2"
 
 [patch.crates-io]
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ tezos_data_encoding = { path = "../../../sdk/rust/encoding" }
 alloy-sol-types = "1.1.0"
 
 [workspace.dependencies.bincode]
-version = "2.0.1"
+version = "2.0.0-rc.3"
 features = ["serde"]
 
 [workspace.dependencies.revm]
@@ -40,6 +40,13 @@ features = [
   "native-kernel",
 ]
 
+[workspace.dependencies.jstz_crypto]
+git = "https://github.com/jstz-dev/jstz.git"
+
+[workspace.dependencies.serde]
+version = "1.0.197"
+features = ["derive"]
+
 [workspace.dependencies.tezos_crypto_rs]
 version = "0.6.0"
 path = "../../../sdk/rust/crypto"
diff --git a/src/riscv/revm/bench/Cargo.toml b/src/riscv/revm/bench/Cargo.toml
index 7127cd15d3..692e3fb7d0 100644
--- a/src/riscv/revm/bench/Cargo.toml
+++ b/src/riscv/revm/bench/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@ version = "0.0.0"
 edition = "2021"
 
 [dependencies]
+jstz_crypto.workspace = true
 tezos-smart-rollup.workspace = true
 bincode.workspace = true
 tezos_data_encoding.workspace = true
-revm.workspace = true
 alloy-sol-types.workspace = true
+revm.workspace = true
+utils = { path = "../utils" }
diff --git a/src/riscv/revm/bench/src/generate.rs b/src/riscv/revm/bench/src/generate.rs
index 7ed8a9eff2..ba548f30e8 100644
--- a/src/riscv/revm/bench/src/generate.rs
+++ b/src/riscv/revm/bench/src/generate.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use std::path::Path;
 use std::vec;
 
 use alloy_sol_types::{SolCall, sol};
+use jstz_crypto::keypair_from_passphrase;
 use revm::{
     context::TxEnv,
     primitives::{Address, TxKind, U256, address, hex},
@@ -17,6 +18,9 @@ use tezos_smart_rollup::types::SmartRollupAddress;
 use tezos_smart_rollup::utils::inbox::file::InboxFile;
 use tezos_smart_rollup::utils::inbox::file::Message;
 
+use utils::crypto::Operation;
+use utils::crypto::SignedOperation;
+
 const GLD_CONTRACT_BYTECODE: &str = include_str!("../../contract.bin");
 // This is fragile since it is hardcoded for the GLDToken contract of originator with address 0x1
 const CONTRACT_ADDRESS: Address = address!("Bd770416a3345F91E4B34576cb804a576fa48EB1");
@@ -40,7 +44,8 @@ pub fn handle_generate(rollup_addr: &str, inbox_file: &Path) -> Result<()> {
 fn generate_inbox(rollup_addr: &str) -> Result<InboxFile> {
     let messages = create_operations()?
         .into_iter()
-        .map(|tx| generate_message(rollup_addr, tx))
+        .enumerate()
+        .map(|(i, tx)| generate_message(rollup_addr, tx, i))
         .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?;
 
     // Output inbox file
@@ -49,11 +54,17 @@ fn generate_inbox(rollup_addr: &str) -> Result<InboxFile> {
 
 /// `TxEnv` is the type a transaction on ethereum (revm). We serialize these transactions using the
 /// external message frame protocol
-fn generate_message(rollup_addr: &str, tx: TxEnv) -> Result<Message> {
+/// We also sign the message with some generated public-private key pair. As its just a
+/// benchmark we don't care that each address should correspond to a pair
+fn generate_message(rollup_addr: &str, tx: TxEnv, i: usize) -> Result<Message> {
     let rollup_addr = SmartRollupAddress::from_b58check(rollup_addr)?;
-    let bytes = bincode::serde::encode_to_vec(&tx, bincode::config::standard())?;
+    // Create signed operation
+    let (sk, pk) = keypair_from_passphrase(&i.to_string())?;
+    let op = Operation(tx);
+    let sig = sk.sign(op.hash()?)?;
+    let signed_op = SignedOperation::new(pk.clone(), sig, op);
+    let bytes = bincode::serde::encode_to_vec(&signed_op, bincode::config::standard())?;
     let mut external = Vec::with_capacity(bytes.len() + EXTERNAL_FRAME_SIZE);
-
     let frame = ExternalMessageFrame::Targetted {
         contents: bytes,
         address: rollup_addr,
diff --git a/src/riscv/revm/kernel/Cargo.toml b/src/riscv/revm/kernel/Cargo.toml
index daa80d71af..047c19551a 100644
--- a/src/riscv/revm/kernel/Cargo.toml
+++ b/src/riscv/revm/kernel/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ bincode.workspace = true
 tezos-smart-rollup.workspace = true
 tezos_crypto_rs.workspace = true
 revm.workspace = true
+utils = { path = "../utils" }
 
 [features]
 default = []
diff --git a/src/riscv/revm/kernel/src/main.rs b/src/riscv/revm/kernel/src/main.rs
index 1cb1851fdf..7641cb267e 100644
--- a/src/riscv/revm/kernel/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/riscv/revm/kernel/src/main.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ use tezos_smart_rollup::inbox::InboxMessage;
 use tezos_smart_rollup::michelson::MichelsonUnit;
 use tezos_smart_rollup::prelude::Runtime;
 use tezos_smart_rollup::prelude::*;
+use utils::crypto::Operation;
+use utils::crypto::SignedOperation;
 
 type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, Box<dyn Error>>;
 
@@ -50,10 +52,12 @@ fn get_inbox_message(
                             address.hash()
                         ).into())
                     } else {
-                        let (tx, _size) = bincode::serde::decode_from_slice(
-                            contents,
-                            bincode::config::standard(),
-                        )?;
+                        let (signed_op, _): (SignedOperation, usize) =
+                            bincode::serde::decode_from_slice(
+                                contents,
+                                bincode::config::standard(),
+                            )?;
+                        let Operation(tx) = signed_op.verify()?;
                         Ok(Some(tx))
                     }
                 }
diff --git a/src/riscv/revm/utils/Cargo.toml b/src/riscv/revm/utils/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e1c1439d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/riscv/revm/utils/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+[package]
+name = "utils"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+jstz_crypto.workspace = true
+tezos_crypto_rs.workspace = true
+revm.workspace = true
+serde.workspace = true
+bincode.workspace = true
diff --git a/src/riscv/revm/utils/src/crypto.rs b/src/riscv/revm/utils/src/crypto.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3d3863b6ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/riscv/revm/utils/src/crypto.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Nomadic Labs <contact@nomadic-labs.com>
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+use jstz_crypto::public_key::PublicKey;
+use jstz_crypto::signature::Signature;
+use revm::context::TxEnv;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::error::Error;
+use tezos_crypto_rs::blake2b::digest_256;
+
+type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, Box<dyn Error>>;
+
+/// All the data for an evm operation is encoded in the `TxEnv` struct.
+/// The wrapper is to add a hash method.
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct Operation(pub TxEnv);
+
+impl Operation {
+    /// Hash an `Operation`
+    pub fn hash(&self) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
+        let bytes = bincode::serde::encode_to_vec(self.0.clone(), bincode::config::standard())?;
+        Ok(digest_256(bytes.as_slice()))
+    }
+}
+/// The Operation along with it's `signature` and `public_key` for verification
+/// * Serializing this data structure uses both the serde and native backends of bincode
+/// * The reason being `TxEnv` from revm does implmenent Encode and Decode. (The developers of revm
+///   weren't keen on supporting this but if `TxEnv` serialization is actually a good idea a case
+///   could be made)
+/// * And when trying to use serde on PublicKey and Signature gives "Serde(AnyNotSupported)" (not
+///   sure why)
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct SignedOperation {
+    #[serde(with = "serde_bincode_native")]
+    /// public key created corresponding to secret key used to generate signature
+    pub public_key: PublicKey,
+    #[serde(with = "serde_bincode_native")]
+    signature: Signature,
+    inner: Operation,
+}
+
+/// A helper module that Bincode with `serde` backend will call for delegating to native backend
+mod serde_bincode_native {
+    use bincode::{Decode, Encode};
+    use serde::de::Error as DeError;
+    use serde::ser::Error as SerError;
+    use serde::{Deserializer, Serializer};
+
+    pub fn serialize<T, S>(data: &T, s: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+    where
+        S: Serializer,
+        T: Encode,
+    {
+        // 1a) pack into a Vec<u8> via your native Encode
+        let bytes =
+            bincode::encode_to_vec(data, bincode::config::standard()).map_err(SerError::custom)?;
+        // 1b) ask Serde to emit it as a byte sequence
+        s.serialize_bytes(&bytes)
+    }
+
+    pub fn deserialize<'de, T, D>(d: D) -> Result<T, D::Error>
+    where
+        D: Deserializer<'de>,
+        T: Decode,
+    {
+        let bytes: Vec<u8> = serde::Deserialize::deserialize(d)?;
+        // 2b) decode it back with your native Decode<C>
+        let (data, _): (T, _) =
+            bincode::decode_from_slice(bytes.as_ref(), bincode::config::standard())
+                .map_err(DeError::custom)?;
+        Ok(data)
+    }
+}
+
+impl SignedOperation {
+    /// Create a `SignedOperation`
+    pub fn new(public_key: PublicKey, signature: Signature, inner: Operation) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            public_key,
+            signature,
+            inner,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// hash the payload (`Operation`)
+    pub fn hash(&self) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
+        self.inner.hash()
+    }
+
+    /// return the payload if the signature is valid
+    pub fn verify(self) -> Result<Operation> {
+        let hash = self.inner.hash()?;
+        self.signature.verify(&self.public_key, hash.as_ref())?;
+
+        Ok(self.inner)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/riscv/revm/utils/src/lib.rs b/src/riscv/revm/utils/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a4bfe63ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/riscv/revm/utils/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Nomadic Labs <contact@nomadic-labs.com>
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+pub mod crypto;
-- 
GitLab