Refauna started restoring the rainforest through its “refaunation” programme, introducing the red-rumped agouti – a long-legged rodent the size of a cat – in 2010, followed by other species that exist elsewhere in Brazil but were extinct in the park. These include the brown howler monkey, which was probably last recorded in Rio in Charles Darwin’s Beagle diaries in 1832, and the yellow-footed tortoise.